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Reseña del libro Patrimonio efímero: Memorias, cultura popular y vida cotidiana, coordinado por Jennifer L. Jenkins y Adriana Corral Bustos y publicado por la Editorial de El Colegio de San Luis, A.C.

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, los autores pertenecientes a la UAM y el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si lo hubiere, Current and future imaging surveys require photometric redshifts (photo-zs) to be estimated for millions of galaxies. Improving the photo-z quality is a major challenge but is needed to advance our understanding of cosmology. In this paper we explore how the synergies between narrow-band photometric data and large imaging surveys can be exploited to improve broadband photometric redshifts. We used a multi-task learning (MTL) network to improve broadband photo-z estimates by simultaneously predicting the broadband photo-z and the narrow-band photometry from the broadband photometry. The narrow-band photometry is only required in the training field, which also enables better photo-z predictions for the galaxies without narrow-band photometry in the wide field. This technique was tested with data from the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS) in the COSMOS field. We find that the method predicts photo-zs that are 13% more precise down to magnitude iAB < 23; the outlier rate is also 40% lower when compared to the baseline network. Furthermore, MTL reduces the photo-z bias for high-redshift galaxies, improving the redshift distributions for tomographic bins with z > 1. Applying this technique to deeper samples is crucial for future surveys such as Euclid or LSST. For simulated data, training on a sample with iAB < 23, the method reduces the photo-z scatter by 16% for all galaxies with iAB < 25. We also studied the effects of extending the training sample with photometric galaxies using PAUS high-precision photo-zs, which reduces the photo-z scatter by 20% in the COSMOS field, The PAU Survey is partially supported by MINECO under grants CSD2007-00060, AYA2015-71825, ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, MDM-2015-0509, PID2019-111317GB-C31 and Juan de la Cierva fellowship and LACEGAL and EWC Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant No 734374 and no.776247 with ERDF funds from the EU Horizon 2020 Programme, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IEEC and IFAE are partially funded by the CERCA and Beatriu de Pinos program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Funding for PAUS has also been provided by Durham University (via the ERC StG DEGAS-259586), ETH Zurich, Leiden University (via ERC StG ADULT279396 and Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Vici grant 639.043.512), Bochum University (via a Heisenberg grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 1495/5-1) as well as an ERC Consolidator Grant (No. 770935)), University College London, Portsmouth support through the Royal Society Wolfson fellowship and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No 776247 EWC. The results published were also funded by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (Bekker grant BPN/BEK/2021/1/00298/DEC/1), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Maria Skłodowska-Curie (grant agreement No 754510) and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through Juan de la Cierva-formacion program (reference FJC2018-038792-I)

Pair-instability supernovae are theorized supernovae that have not yet been observationally confirmed. They are predicted to exist in low-metallicity environments. Because overall metallicity becomes lower at higher redshifts, deep near-infrared transient surveys probing high-redshift supernovae are suitable to discover pair-instability supernovae. The Euclid satellite, which is planned to be launched in 2023, has a near-infrared wide-field instrument that is suitable for a high-redshift supernova survey. The Euclid Deep Survey is planned to make regular observations of three Euclid Deep Fields (40 deg2 in total) spanning the Euclid's 6 year primary mission period. While the observations of the Euclid Deep Fields are not frequent, we show that the predicted long duration of pair-instability supernovae would allow us to search for high-redshift pair-instability supernovae with the Euclid Deep Survey. Based on the current observational plan of the Euclid mission, we conduct survey simulations in order to estimate the expected numbers of pair-instability supernova discoveries. We find that up to several hundred pair-instability supernovae at z < ~ 3.5 can be discovered within the Euclid Deep Survey. We also show that pair-instability supernova candidates can be efficiently identified by their duration and color that can be determined with the current Euclid Deep Survey plan. We conclude that the Euclid mission can lead to the first confirmation of pair-instability supernovae if their event rates are as high as those predicted by recent theoretical studies. We also update the expected numbers of superluminous supernova discoveries in the Euclid Deep Survey based on the latest observational plan., 12 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics

Observational studies have widely demonstrated that galaxy physical properties are strongly affected by the surrounding environment. On one side, gas inflows provide galaxies with new fuel for star formation. On the other side, the high temperatures and densities of the medium are expected to induce quenching in the star formation. Observations of large structures, in particular filaments at the cluster outskirts (r>2r$_{200}$), are currently limited to the low redshift Universe. We present a multi-band dataset for the cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 (z=0.397), observed in the context of the Galaxy Assembly as a function of Mass and Environment with VST (VST-GAME) survey. The project aims at gathering deep ($r$, Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures and 5 tables

Euclid Consortium: S. Contarini et al., The Euclid mission – with its spectroscopic galaxy survey covering a sky area over 15 000 deg2 in the redshift range 0.9, We acknowledge the grant ASI n.2018-23-HH.0. SC, FM and LM acknowledge the use of computational resources from the parallel computing cluster of the Open Physics Hub (https://site.unibo.it/openphysicshub/en) at the Physics and Astronomy Department in Bologna. GV is supported by Universitá degli Studi di Padova and in part by the project “Combining Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure data: an Integrated Approach for Addressing Fundamental Questions in Cosmology”, funded by the MIUR Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) Bando 2017 – grant 2017YJYZAH. AP is supported by NASA ROSES grant 12-EUCLID12-0004, and NASA grant 15-WFIRST15-0008 to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Science Investigation Team “Cosmology with the High Latitude Survey”. NH is supported by the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS, which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2094 – 390783311. MS acknowledges support by the P. E. Filén fellowship and a fellowship at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). LM acknowledges support from PRIN MIUR 2017 WSCC32 “Zooming into dark matter and proto-galaxies with massive lensing clusters”. AR acknowledges funding from Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) through the ‘Dipartimenti di eccellenza’ project Science of the Universe. He is supported in part by the project “Combining Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure data: an Integrated Approach for Addressing Fundamental Questions in Cosmology”, funded by the MIUR Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN) Bando 2017 – grant 2017YJYZAH We acknowledge use of the Python libraries NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007) and ChainConsumer (Hinton 2016). This work has made use of Cosmo-Hub (Carretero et al. 2017; Tallada et al. 2020). CosmoHub has been developed by the Port d’Informació Científica (PIC), maintained through a collaboration ofthe Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) and the Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and the Institute of Space Sciences (CSIC & IEEC), and was partially funded by the “Plan Estatalde Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación” program of the Spanish government. The Euclid Consortium acknowledges the European Space Agency and a number of agencies and institutes that have supported the development of Euclid, in particular the Academy of Finland, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, the Belgian Science Policy, the Canadian Euclid Consortium, the French Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, the Danish Space Research Institute, the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, the Netherlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie, the Norwegian Space Agency, the Romanian Space Agency, the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) at the Swiss Space Office (SSO), and the United Kingdom Space Agency.

This special issue of The Public Historian examines the nature and scope of the historian’s role as a consultant and expert witness in natural resource litigation. The introductory essay identifies the major issues and challenges that historians face when they bring their knowledge, skills, and professional best standards into law offices and courtrooms, while also positing a conceptual framework for public history practitioners to better understand and appreciate the larger stakes in conducting research for environmental litigation. The author delineates his own experience as an expert in certain water rights cases in the American Southwest where knowledge of the Spanish and Mexican civil law of property is essential.

This special issue of The Public Historian examines the nature and scope of the historian's role as a consultant and expert witness in natural resource litigation. The introductory essay identifies the major issues and challenges that historians face when they bring their knowledge, skills, and professional best standards into law offices and courtrooms, while also positing a conceptual framework for public history practitioners to better understand and appreciate the larger stakes in conducting research for environmental litigation. The author delineates his own experience as an expert in certain water rights cases in the American Southwest where knowledge of the Spanish and Mexican civil law of property is essential.

When the Minister of Culture for the State of Puebla, Hector Azar, organized the 350th anniversary festivities for the Biblioteca Palafoxiana in 1996, he included a concert of epigraphs and sonnets set to classical music in the city's cathedral. Employing an ancient form of the Church's liturgical psalmody,1 Azar replaced scriptural psalms with several lines taken from poetry written by the seventeenth-century bishop of Puebla, Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, whose donation of books to the city in 1646 established the first public library in colonial Mexico. With a full accompaniment of string, percussion, woodwind, and brass instruments to provide music for the Salmodia Palafoxiana, Azar and the Coro del Benemerito Institute Normal del Estado transformed a few lines of the bishop's poetry into quasi-liturgy. Perhaps Bishop Palafox would have disapproved of substituting his poetic metaphors for biblical verse, but this probably never crossed the minds of the city's residents and visitors who gathered around the bishop's cenotaph to attend the concert. The first antiphon, however, evokes quite nicely Palafox's liturgical sensibilities: "Today the sun of wounded love, the new shepherd comes to be."2 The new shepherd is the resurrected, triumphant Christ who gives light to his flock. And, to the shepherd of Puebla and his seventeenth-century flock, Christ's real presence in the bread and wine was instituted each time a priest celebrated the Mass. Liturgy as a sacramental rite imbued with cultural meaning has escaped the scholarly purview of most historians of colonial Latin America. Deciphering discrete portions of ecclesiastical texts in Latin or italicized scriptural citations located in the margins of ceremonials appears more suited to the canon lawyer or liturgist. Moreover, despite the historical centrality of the Mass, as well as of the seven sacraments, to Catholic culture, historians have examined almost every other dimension of the colonial Catholic experience except liturgy and prayer.3 Perhaps scholars view the Pater Noster, Ave Maria, or Hoc Est Enim Corpus Meum4 as officiai prayers of the institutional Church, whose significance remained hidden behind complicated Latin syntax that parishioners (and not a few clergymen too) failed to grasp. Even Bishop Palafox might have agreed in part with this view. Moreover, the mundane features of the Mass, rosary, and other liturgical rites and rituals, with their scripted formulas and responses, seem to demonstrate, on the surface, something less spectacular, less ideological than the extravagant religious and civic processions of Corpus Christi or Holy Week, for example, that so marked urban society in colonial Mexico. Recent contributions to the new cultural history of Mexico provide theoretical and conceptual frameworks that interpret rituals and ceremonies within the context of power relations, popular culture, and resistance.5 Some historians have demonstrated how Spaniards used rituals to help establish their authority and legitimize colonial rule through language and ceremony. Ritual is seen as the medium for rulers to act out the drama of their power, while daily life itself is suffused with ritual performances that reinforce social hierarchies.6 The festival of Corpus Christi in seventeenth-century Mexico City has received some scholarly attention in recent years, and illustrates this turn to cultural history in Mexican studies. Indians and Spaniards, guilds and cofradias (confraternities), parishioners and priests, participated in festivities that expressed political as well as religious sentiment. The principal focus of such studies, however, tends to emphasize "procession-as-spectacle" and its uses as a tool of hegemonic control and institutional legitimization.7 The centrality of the Blessed Sacrament in Catholic worship and the liturgical dimensions of the procession are less evident. When, in 1692, the celebrations turned riotous, two Franciscan friars hoisted the Blessed Sacrament in the air, presumably in its sacred container, the monstrance, in an effort to calm passions and return tranquility to the city. …

Four Square Leagues: Pueblo Indian Land in New Mexico . By Malcolm Ebright, Rick Hendricks, and Richard W. Hughes. (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2014. xii + 452 pp. Illustrations, maps, glossary, appendices, notes, bibliography, index. $65.00.) With longtime practicing water rights attorney Richard W. Hughes, noted scholars of New Mexico Malcolm Ebright and Rick Hendricks have written what can only be described as an exhaustingly researched book that examines the history of Pueblo land tenure in light of Spanish and later Mexican and American dominion. Inspired by Emlen Hall’s call some years ago to tackle the Pueblo square league, the authors bring their own substantial archival and courtroom experience to bear on the topic. With access to documents unavailable to scholars until very recently—specifically, primary source materials from Santa Ana Pueblo—as well as a careful reading of known sources, Ebright, Hendricks, … brescia{at}email.arizona.edu

Latin American Making a New World: Founding Capitalism in the Bajio and Spanish North America. By John lutino. (Durham: Duke University Press. 2011. Pp. ix, 699- $99-95 clothbound, ISBN 978-0-822-34974-7; $29.95 paperback, ISBN 978-0-822-34989-1.) Despite the intense specialization that has fashioned historical research over the last four decades, which has often produced monographs narrow in scope and timid in conceptual reach, historians still relish big history that is empirically sound, theoretically innovative, and lyrically rendered. For historians of colonial Mexico, John lutino 's long-awaited book on the foundations of early-modern capitalism in Spanish North America is precisely the kind of big history that shifts the paradigm to such a degree that historians in other fields- particularly world historians- will take notice and revisit the conventional wisdom that has shaped the direction of their own research. Tutino's book is that good. The author argues that the world became whole in the sixteenth century just about the time Hernan Cortes had toppled the Aztec confederation and Ming China developed a ferocious appetite for silver. Trade expansion linked Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas, while European colonization of the Western Hemisphere, coupled with the rise of the African slave trade, initiated a global dynamic that facilitated capitalism. American silver- especially that which was mined in the Bajio region of Mexico, what Spaniards called New Spain- was key to global trade between 1550 and 1810; the vast quantities of the metal fashioned a protean capitalist society in Spanish North America composed of merchants, entrepreneurs, investors, miners, ranchers, and farmers- an ethnically and racially diverse lot, to be sure- most of whom looked to the Catholic Church for sanctifying power and grace. As lutino makes quite clear in his tome, Catholicism provided an ample arena where religious piety comingled with debate and dissent, paving various pathways for these social groups to adapt, modify, alter, or discard what disrupted production, exchange, and social relations. In short, lutino 's colonial Mexico is the corrective to an older Weberian model that explained change from an Anglo-Protestant-capitalist perspective. Tutino's work also complements quite nicely a larger body of knowledge that shows us that the Spanish colonial enterprise functioned primarily as a judicial mediator, one that sought to resolve disputes and soften the impact of colonialism on the indigenous and racially mixed populations, with an eye toward fostering equity and the common good among local communities and, in the process, maximize the revenues that come from stable commercial relationships. …

Introduction: The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarios de ColombiaEjercito del Pueblo (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People's Army-FARC-EP) is the most powerful and successful guerrilla army in the world confronting neoliberal regimes and their U.S. backers. It is the dominant political force in over 50 percent of the country's municipalities, fielding a guerrilla army of approximately 18,000 mostly peasant fighters. In addition, it has urban militia units in most major cities and towns and hundreds of thousands of sympathizers throughout the country. Led by Manuel Marulanda, it has been battling the Colombian oligarchy and its authoritarian two-party political system for over three decades. The FARC emerged in 1964 from a peasant movement that had sought five years earlier to establish rural self-governing communities in Marquetalia. The military invaded the peasant communities, destroying their villages and razing their crops. The peasants regrouped and, under the leadership of Marulanda, formed the nucleus of what is today the FARC. The FARC, which retains fraternal relations with the Colombian Communist party, has built its support by supporting agrarian reform (redistribution of land), nationalism (opposition to foreign control of strategic sectors of the economy), democratization (the end of the Liberal-Conservative monopoly of political power), and human rights (the dismantling of the military-landlord-controlled paramilitary groups that terrorize the countryside and the cities). It has taken a principled position against the narco-capitalist politicians and military officials. It protects cocagrowing peasants and taxes the dealers who purchase the leaf in their zones of influence. Contrary to the U.S. State Department propaganda, however, the FARC neither produces nor sells coca or drugs, as the present president of Colombia, Andres Pastrana, admits. From early 1998 to the end of 1999, the FARC has extended its field of operations and the size and scope of those operations: military confron

Humans exhibit an acute inflammatory response in the lungs after controlled laboratory exposure to ozone. The present study was designed to test whether biomarkers of inflammation are detectable in humans exposed to ozone and associated copollutants under natural conditions outdoors. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out on 19 normal volunteer joggers from Governors Island, NY, who exercised in the afternoon during the 1992 summer (S1) season. Fifteen subjects were retested during the following, low ozone, winter season (W). The BAL protocol involved an initial instillation of 20 ml saline followed by four sequential 50-ml saline washes carried out in both the right middle lobe and the lingula. The eight 50-ml samples were pooled as the 'alveolar' sample. Analyses performed on the alveolar lavage samples included cell differentials, release of IL-8, TNF-alpha, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by pooled cells, and levels of IL-8, protein, LDH, fibronectin, alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT), complement fragment 3a (C3a), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lavage fluids. Release of ROS by stimulated BAL cells was lower in S1 than in W (p = 0.03). In contrast, LDH levels in BAL fluids were 2-fold higher in S1 than in W (p = 0.02), as were IL-8 (p = 0.12) and PGE2 (p = 0.06). These results suggest a possible ongoing inflammatory response in the lungs of recreational joggers exposed to ozone and associated copollutants during the summer months.

This investigation focused on the role of meaning in the learning of sight vocabulary for beginning readers. Phase I reported the collection of associative data and reconstruction of a search of meaningfulness for 48 selected nouns. Phase II presented data regarding two sight vocabulary teaching-testing cycles with an intermediate interval inferred for “association verbal encoding” (a/v/e) training. Subjects were 46 first grade children. Results indicate that meaningfulness facilitated rate of acquisition and retention of sight vocabulary and that “process plus content” a/v/e training facilitated sight vocabulary retention when compared to no training in a/v/e.

The emergence of a complex, large-scale organisation of cosmic matter into the Cosmic Web is a beautiful exemplification of how complexity can be produced by simple initial conditions and simple physical laws. In the epoch of Big Data in astrophysics, connecting the stunning variety of multi-messenger observations to the complex interplay of fundamental physical processes is an open challenge. In this contribution, I discuss a few relevant applications of Information Theory to the task of objectively measuring the complexity of modern numerical simulations of the Universe. When applied to cosmological simulations, complexity analysis makes it possible to measure the total information necessary to model the cosmic web. It also allow us to monitor which physical processes are mostly responsible for the emergence of complex dynamical behaviour across cosmic epochs and environments, and possibly to improve mesh refinement strategies in the future.

We present a new, updated version of the EuclidEmulator (called EuclidEmulator2), a fast and accurate predictor for the nonlinear correction of the matter power spectrum. Percent-level accurate emulation is now supported in the eight-dimensional parameter space of $w_0w_a$CDM$+\sum m_\nu$models between redshift $z=0$ and $z=3$ for spatial scales within the range 0.01 $h$/Mpc $\leq k \leq$ 10 $h$/Mpc. In order to achieve this level of accuracy, we have had to improve the quality of the underlying N-body simulations used as training data: (1) we use self-consistent linear evolution of non-dark matter species such as massive neutrinos, photons, dark energy and the metric field, (2) we perform the simulations in the so-called N-body gauge, which allows one to interpret the results in the framework of general relativity, (3) we run over 250 high-resolution simulations with $3000^3$ particles in boxes of 1 (Gpc/$h$)${}^3$ volumes based on paired-and-fixed initial conditions and (4) we provide a resolution correction that can be applied to emulated results as a post-processing step in order to drastically reduce systematic biases on small scales due to residual resolution effects in the simulations. We find that the inclusion of the dynamical dark energy parameter $w_a$ significantly increases the complexity and expense of creating the emulator. The high fidelity of EuclidEmulator2 is tested in various comparisons against N-body simulations as well as alternative fast predictors like Halofit, HMCode and CosmicEmu. A blind test is successfully performed against the Euclid Flagship v2.0 simulation. Nonlinear correction factors emulated with EuclidEmulator2 are accurate at the level of 1% or better for 0.01 $h$/Mpc $\leq k \leq$ 10 $h$/Mpc and $z\leq3$ compared to high-resolution dark matter only simulations. EuclidEmulator2 is publicly available at https://github.com/miknab/EuclidEmulator2 ., Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures, submitted to MNRAS