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In this paper we study $L_p$-norm spherical copulas for arbitrary $p \in [1,\infty]$ and arbitrary dimensions. The study is motivated by a conjecture that these distributions lead to a sharp bound for the value of a certain generalized mean difference. We fully characterize conditions for existence and uniqueness of $L_p$-norm spherical copulas. Explicit formulas for their densities and correlation coefficients are derived and the distribution of the radial part is determined. Moreover, statistical inference and efficient simulation are considered., Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures

Relative cross sections for m-fold photoionization (m = 1,., 5) of Fe3+ by single-photon absorption were measured employing the photon-ion merged-beams setup PIPE at the PETRA III synchrotron light source operated at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. The photon energies used spanned the range of 680-950 eV, covering both the photoexcitation resonances from the 2p and 2s shells, as well as the direct ionization from both shells. Multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) calculations were performed to simulate the total photoexcitation spectra. Good agreement was found with the experimental results. These computations helped to assign several strong resonance features to specific transitions. We also carried out Hartree-Fock calculations with relativistic extensions taking into account both photoexcitation and photoionization. Furthermore, we performed extensive MCDHF calculations of the Auger cascades that result when an electron is removed from the 2p and 2s shells of Fe3+. Our theoretically predicted charge-state fractions are in good agreement with the experimental results, representing a substantial improvement over previous theoretical calculations. The main reason for the disagreement with the previous calculations is their lack of inclusion of slow Auger decays of several configurations that can only proceed when accompanied by de-excitation of two electrons. In such cases, this additional shake-down transition of a (sub)valence electron is required to gain the necessary energy for the release of the Auger electron.

Petaflop architectures are currently being utilized efficiently to perform large scale computations in Atomic, Molecular and Optical Collisions. We solve the Schr\"odinger or Dirac equation for the appropriate collision problem using the R-matrix or R-matrix with pseudo-states approach. We briefly outline the parallel methodology used and implemented for the current suite of Breit-Pauli and DARC codes. In this report, various examples are shown from our theoretical results compared with experimental results obtained from Synchrotron Radiation facilities where the Cray architecture at HLRS is playing an integral part in our computational projects., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, Chapter 4, in High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering 2014, edited by W. E. Nagel, D. B. Kroner, and M. Reich (Springer, New York and Berlin, 2014). http://www.springer.com/mathematics/computational+science+%26+engineering/book/978-3-319-10809-4

Objective Apart from headache dizziness, vertigo or visual problems are common symptoms after a head trauma. Making an adequate diagnose of the symptoms remains challenging and only a few laboratory tests exist. The computerised sensory organisation test (SOT) differentiates the sensory integration between somatosensory, vision, vestibular and visual preference and therefore helps to objectify symptoms. Design consecutive case series. Setting rehabilitation centre. Participants 29 consecutive post injury symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes with a diagnosed concussion (n=24) or combined injury (concussion plus commotio/contusio labyrinthi (n=5)). Interventions All athletes performed a post injury SOT on the computerised dynamic posturograph (Smart Equitest, 6 conditions). The sensory scores (somatosensory, vestibular and vision) were compared to the normative data (n=112). Outcome measures The main aim was to determine the sensory source of post-concussive symptoms by application of the sensory analysis after performance of the SOT. Main results Half of the athletes (n=15) achieved a normal sensory score, the other half (n=14) were below average (−9.4%) in visual (n=2), vestibular system (n=5) or both (n=7). In these athletes an individual specific vestibulo-oculomotor therapy was recommended. Conclusions The computerised SOT is a useful tool to determine the specific sensory deficits in patients with or without symptoms after a head trauma. Competing interests None.

Objective Vertigo, dizziness and visual problems are among the main symptoms of a prolong course after concussion. Adequate diagnostic tools are rare. The computerized sensory organization test (SOT) differentiates the sensory integration between somatosensory, vision, vestibular and visual preference. This analysis may help to create an individual rehabilitation program and observe the progress. Design Case series. Setting Rehabilitation center. Participants Among 31 post-injury tested athletes with a diagnosed concussion 5 male professional players completed a follow-up test by the end of April 2016. Interventions: 5 players performed a post-injury baseline on the computerized dynamic posturograph (Equitest) and repeated the test as follow-up after personalized vestibulo-oculomotor therapy and improvement of symptoms during the rehabilitation process. Outcome measures Outcome measures were total score (calculated by 6 SOT conditions) and identification of the integrational deficits (calculated by results of sensory analysis). Both values serve to guide and monitor the individual rehabilitation. Main results At post-injury baseline a deficient total score and vestibular impairment was verified in all 5 athletes. After specific individualized vestibulo-oculomotor therapy and a significant reduction of symptoms the follow-up test demonstrated improvement in total score (22% ± 10% SD) to a point where entering intensive training (return to play protocol stage 3) was recommended. Regarding the vestibular system patients improved their score 57% ± 20% SD. Conclusions The computerized SOT can be a useful tool to identify specific sensory deficits and to help specify post-injury therapy and observe the individual rehabilitation process regarding the return to play protocol. Further research is required. Competing interests None.

Die Eigenschaften der innersten Bausteine der Materie untersuchen in aufwendigen Experimenten Wissenschaftler am künftigen internationalen Forschungszentrum FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt. Das von der Hessischen Landesregierung im Rahmen der Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer Exzellenz (LOEWE) geförderte Exzellenzzentrum HIC for FAIR (Helmholtz International Center for FAIR) macht die Physiker der Universität Gießen zu wichtigen Partnern in dem weltweit einmaligen Projekt auf der Suche nach der elementaren Struktur der Materie.

Reiner Kohlenstoff kommt in der Natur in zwei Modifikationen vor: als Graphitund als Diamant. Dies ist schon lange bekannt. Mitte der 80-er Jahreentdeckten die amerikanischen und britischen Wissenschaftler Robert F.Curl Jr., Sir Harold W. Kroto und Richard E. Smalley eine weitere Form desreinen Kohlenstoffs, in der 60 Kohlenstoffatome zu einem nahezu kugelförmigenMolekül in Form eines Fußballs mit einem Durchmesser von nur0,7 Nanometern (0,000 000 7 mm) zusammengeschlossen sind. Für dieEntdeckung des C60-Moleküls erhielten Curl, Kroto und Smalley 1996 denNobelpreis für Chemie. Seither sind viele Eigenschaften des auch als Buckminster-Fulleren oder salopp als Bucky-Ball bezeichneten C60-Molekülsund verwandter Fullerene eingehend untersucht worden. Im C60-Molekülwurde jetzt von einer internationalen Forschergruppe um Prof. Dr. AlfredMüller und Priv.-Doz. Dr. Stefan Schippers vom Institut für Atom- und Molekülphysik(IAMP) der Justus-Liebig-Universität erstmalig eine weitere kollektiveSchwingungsmode experimentell nachgewiesen. Dabei handelt essich um ein so genanntes Volumenplasmon, das sich mit ultraviolettemLicht einer Energie von ca. 40 eV anregen lässt und bei dem die Ladungswolkeaus den 240 C60-Valenzelektronen abwechselnd gestaucht und gestrecktwird.