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Additional file 1: Figure S1-3.

As a screening procedure, gross alpha and gross beta activity have been developed to determine whether further analysis of water samples related to specific radionuclide is necessary. In China, the determination of gross alpha and gross beta in drinking water was generally based on the HJ standard method: HJ 898-2017, water quality — determination of gross alpha activity — thick source method, and HJ 899-2017, water quality — determination of gross beta activity — thick source method. In this study, 15 water samples from Bahe river in Chan Ba region of Xi’an in China, were pretreated and analyzed by BH1216-III low background alpha and beta scintillation counter. The water samples were collected nearby residential area, wetland park, water conservation district and urban sewage treatment plant as well as other important locations which probably influence on the radioactivity level. The values of the activity concentrations of the gross alpha and beta measured in the water samples ranged from less than LD to 0.183Bq/L with a mean of 0.077Bq/L and 0.073–0.151Bq/L with a mean 0.102Bq/L respectively. All values of samples were lower than the limit level of 0.500Bq/L for gross alpha and 1.000Bq/L for gross beta, indicating that the radioactivity level in Bahe water between Chan Ba region of Xi’an is basically within the normal environmental background.

Additional file 7: Figure S4. The frequencies of JAK2 gain and amplification, and their survival analysis. a. The frequencies of JAK2 gain and amplification in DLBCL_JAK2/PD-L2_amp and PMBCL. b. the OS and PFS of DLBCL with JAK2 gain or with JAK2 amplification.

Additional file 3: Table S1. The details of MLPA probes of genes in DLBCL. The locations and lengths of MLPA probes of genes are showed in this table.

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Representative results of MLPA. Representative results of MLPA are showed in this figure.

Based on the VRP model, we establish a model for path optimization. Through the node splitting method, different transport paths and modes are combined into the multimodal network, and a model of the multimodal path optimization problem targeting transport cost and transport time minimum by the introduced weights is constructed and solved with EXCLE. Finally, the examples are calculated to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the path optimization models.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Integrative analysis of the association between differential gene expression and CNV across multiple cancer types. Figure S2. Integrative analysis of the association between differential gene expression and CNV across multiple cancer types. Figure S3. Most genes’ expression changes significantly correlated with their CNVs. A. Genes were sorted according to ρ on Z score versus copy number across 1025 cell lines, green representing a positive ρ and red meaning a negative one, representative oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes next to the corresponding points. B. An example of gene with copy number correlated with expression level in cell lines dataset. C. Histograms present the distribution of r for each genes based on the linear fitting results of median Z score with each variable copy number in cell lines datasets. D. Scatter plot shows the distribution of genes based on r of fitting (x-axis) and ρ (y-axis) for cell lines dataset (left) and TCGA dataset (right). E. An example of gene with copy number uncorrelated with expression level in cell lines dataset. Figure S4. The amount proportion of copy number amplification and expression level downregulation, copy number deletion and expression level upregulation versus the total variant copy number count across each primary site of cell lines in CCLE (A) and each cancer types of TCGA (B). CNS: central nervous system; HLT: haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue; UAT: upper aerodigestive tract. Figure S5. The linear regression fitting of median Z scores versus corresponding copy number among 1020 cell lines of CCLP. Figure S6. Integrated analysis of CNV and differential gene expression of FYTTD1 in ESCA patients.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Datasets of CCLE, NCI-60 and 31 cancers in TCGA and the number of samples used in this study. Table S2. KEGG pathways enrichment of top 1000 genes with r of fitting from the lowest to the highest for TCGA datasets. Table S3. KEGG pathways enrichment of top 1000 genes with r of fitting from the lowest to the highest for cell lines datasets combining CCLE and NCI60. Table S4. Lists of 30 most popular oncogenes with ρ and the count of copy number amplification and expression level upregulation across 9159 tumor samples. Table S5. Lists of 10 most popular tumor suppressor genes with ρ and the count of copy number deletion and expression level downregulation across 9159 tumor samples. Table S6. Identified 560 AUGs and 365 DDGs. Table S7. The distribution of AUGs and DDGs across 22 chromosomes. Table S8. High relation of 9 concordant genes with the development and progression of numerous cancers. Table S9. Correlation analysis of genes with a significant correlation between CNV and differential protein expression in literature. Table S10. Variation tendency validation of genes with a significant correlation between CNV and differential protein expression in literature. Table S11. Stable expression level over various copy number of small nucleolar RNAs in cell line dataset. Table S12. Stable expression level over various copy number of small nucleolar RNAs in T dataset.

To achieve on-site calibration of dose instruments, a calibration transmission system about ‘National standard metering station-Secondary standards laboratory-Position y monitor calibration’ aiming at environmental dose monitoring instrument is established using filtered X-rays. In order to obtain X-ray filtered spectrum of different dose rates, properties of original spectrum with 95 kV high voltage is simulated in Geant4, and the attenuation characteristics of signal material is analyzed, on this basis, multi-objective optimization model is established for various materials, the optimum filtering condition is gotten through solving model. Finally the results of the model are verified through experiment, and it meets the national standard requirement for filtered X-ray resource. This method has significant practical value for obtaining specific doses of X-ray filtered spectrum quickly and accurately.

Since the minimally invasive surgery robot(MISR) has been widely used in hospitals, people pay more and more attention to the safety of minimally invasive surgery. Based on the analysis of security requirements for medical robots, a novel safety design is proposed. The principle and equivalent stiffness of the safety design was researched by the use of analytical method. In the paper, a kind of safety assessment method is defined and safety assessment is also involved. The safety assessment proved that the protection module could improve safety for medical robots.

In order to measure the surface contamination level effectively, the large area surface contamination measuring instrument is widely used. This research designs a thin-window flow gas proportional counter with 1000cm2 detecting area. When to achieve simultaneous measurement of α and β rays in using pulse-height discrimination technology, the selection of high voltage operation point for this detector can't follow the traditional method. As the voltage increases, β pulse-height increases, string to α channel, making the result more inaccuracy. Based on experiments, considered the limitation of the interference ratio in α+β count aerodromes, the operation point of detector was located near the head of plateau. Experimental results proved that the selection methods of the working point meet the regulation of national standard.

Gamma spectra is the fingerprint of uranium materials in the arms control verification technology. To calculate and analyse delayed gamma spectra of fission products, we simplified the decay chain into basic state linear chain and excitation state linear chain. We deduced formulas of the changing rule for nuclide number before and after zero-time. We made the C program to calculate the delayed gamma ray spectra data, and carried on related experiments to check our theory. By analysing some nuclides' delayed gamma counts, the calculated results are well consistent with the experiment values.

Generally, people use Monte Carlo and Geant4 methods to simulate the interactions of gamma photons with the detectors (NaI(Tl), Ge(Li), HPGe and so on), to calculate the response function of detecting system. But when they make separate lines of the measured spectra, energy peaks are hard to simulate for noise signals. In order to including noise signals from the statistical fluctuation of the detector, we designed some special differential functions to measure the gamma energy change for scattering effects, and to better record the accumulated counts in a constant energy region. We interpolated the ideal spectra with the use of designed differential functions. We presented some simulation results, which show that differential functions are effective even in energy spectra with low counts.

According to the requirement for creative talents, how to train engineering undergraduate' innovative consciousness and engineering practice ability, have become a key part of China higher education. First, the engineering undergraduate' innovative situation is analyzed. Based on the elaborating of the TRIZ traditional theoretical system and problem based learning approach, we synthesize problem based learning approach and TRIZ innovation theory as TRIZ-PBL theory. Cultivation pattern of undergraduate's innovative ability and engineering practice ability based on TRIZ-PBL theory is established. Application example, platform and effect of TRIZ theory in problem based learning are studied. Cultivation pattern based TRIZ-PBL theory enables the undergraduates to take part in innovation and put into practice innovation. This provides assistance for the cultivation of innovative consciousness and engineering practice ability.

The accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility characteristics of a method using immunoaffinity column (IAC) cleanup with postcolumn derivatization and LC with a fluorescence detector (FLD) for determination of aflatoxins (AFs; sum of AFs B1, B2, G1, and G2) in olive oil, peanut oil, and sesame oil have been established in a collaborative study involving 15 laboratories from six countries. Blind duplicate samples of blank, spiked at levels ranging from 0.25 to 20.0 μg/kg for AF, were analyzed. A naturally contaminated peanut oil sample was also included. Test samples were extracted with methanol–water (55 + 45, v/v). After shaking and centrifuging, the lower layer was filtered, diluted with water, and filtered through glass microfiber filter paper. The filtrate was then passed through an IAC, and the toxins were eluted with methanol. The toxins were then subjected to RPLC-FLD analysis after postcolumn derivatization. Average recoveries of AFs from olive oil, peanut oil, and sesame oil ranged from 84 to 92% (at spiking levels ranging from 2.0 to 20.0 μg/kg); of AFB1 from 86 to 93% (at spiking levels ranging from 1.0 to 10.0 μg/kg); of AFB2 from 89 to 95% (at spiking levels ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 μg/kg); of AFG1 from 85 to 97% (at spiking levels ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 μg/kg); and of AFG2 from 76 to 85% (at spiking levels ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 μg/kg). RSDs for within-laboratory repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 3.4 to 10.2% for AF, from 3.5 to 10.9% for AFB1, from 3.2 to 9.5% for AFB2, from 6.5 to 14.9% for AFG1, and from 4.8 to 14.2% for AFG2. RSDs for between-laboratory reproducibility (RSDR) ranged from 6.1 to 14.5% for AF, from 7.5 to 15.4% for AFB1, from 7.1 to 14.6% for AFB2, from 10.8 to 18.1% for AFG1, and from 7.6 to 23.7% for AFG2. Horwitz ratio values were ≤2 for the analytes in the three matrixes.

This paper, with the background of Freescale's intelligent car using a camera as a path detection sensor to scan the path in advance, process the image got from the camera loaded on the intelligent car. First, when the image contrast is not obvious because of lack of light etc all reasons, this paper adopts sub-linear transformation to process the image. For median filter's treatment failure in case of points located on edge of image, this paper proposed an median filtering algorithm with T-shaped window, form our results obtained form experiments, we conclude that this filtering algorithm can not only filter out the noise of edge, but also more conductive to filter the whole image making the edge of image more continuous and smooth. For image segmentation, reference to Sobel operator's high computation speed and Roberts operator's high accuracy, this paper proposed an improved edge detection fusion algorithm between these two operators, this fusion algorithm is better suited to the image division. Test results show that, the amount of computation of this detection algorithm is much less than the Sobel operator, meanwhile, isolated noise can be removed more effectively using this algorithm.

Based on the analysis to the phenomenon and methods of denial-of-sleep attacking in wireless sensor network, a scheme is proposed employing fake schedule switch with RSSI measurement aid. The sensor nodes can reduce and weaken the harm from collision, exhaustion and broadcast attack and on the contrary make the attackers lose their energy quickly so as to die. Simulation results show that at a bit price of energy and delay, network health can be guaranteed and packets drop ratio has been decreased compare with original scenario without our scheme.

Based on the analysis to the collected traffic from many WLAN testbed, a statistical model is proposed to predict the short-term traffic in IEEE 802.11 networks. By large numbers of differencing and sampling to the original data sequence, the season property was found and verified. Then, a time series model was given which can accurately predict the WLAN traffic: Multiple Seasonal ARIMA Model (0, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1). After iterative computation, the model was transformed into an MA model and the parameter of it has been estimated using the character of MA model. Finally, a prediction to the random selected WLAN traffic has been finished through the difference function. The result of the prediction present that the employed model can short-term forecast the WLAN traffic and obtains a better result with a tiny average relative error.

A collaborative study of a method for determination of aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1, and G2 in olive oil, peanut oil, and sesame oil using immunoaffinity column cleanup, postcolumn derivatization, and LC with fluorescence detection, previously published in J. AOAC Int. 95, 1689-1700 (2012), was approved as First Action 2013.05 on March 29, 2013 by the Method-Centric Committee for Aflatoxins in Edible Oils. The method uses methanol for extraction followed by filtration. The extract is applied to an immunoaffinity column with antibodies specific for AFs, which are then eluted from the column with a methanol solution. Determination and quantification occur using RP-LC with fluorescence detection after postcolumn derivatization. The average recovery of AFs in olive, peanut, and sesame oils in spiked samples (levels between 2.0 and 20.0 microg/kg) ranged from 84 to 92%. The recoveries for AFs B1, B2, G1, and G2 were 86-93, 89-95, 85-97, and 76-85%, respectively. Within-laboratory RSD (RSDr) values for AFs ranged from 3.4 to 10.2%. RSDr values forAF B1, B2, G1, and G2 were 3.5-10.9, 3.2-9.5, 6.5-14.9, and 4.8-14.2%, respectively. Between-laboratory RSD (RSDR) values for AFs were 6.1-14.5%. RSD, values for AFs B1, B2, G1, and G2 were 7.5-15.4, 7.1-14.6, 10.8-18.1, and 7.6-23.7%, respectively. Horwitz ratio values were < or =2 for the analytes in the three matrixes.