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The evaluation results of the quality of public services carried out by officials in one of the villages in West Sumatra are perceived by the community as being full of discrimination. This is due to the lack of nationalism in the Nagari apparatus, so the apparatus is perceived as unprofessional in carrying out its function as a servant for the community. This research was conducted with an experimental approach using a pretest-posttest group design model (Creswell, 2012). Participants were given public service training with the main material on internalizing the values of nationalism, and then their knowledge and attitudes about nationalism were measured before and after the training. The sample for this study was 63 nagari officials from 3 different villages in West Sumatra, namely Nagari Gunung Talang, Solok Regency; Nagari Kota XI Tarusan, Pesisir Selatan Regency; and Nagari Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency. The data processing technique used different analyses with paired sample t-tests. The results of the data analysis prove that public service training is effective in increasing participants' knowledge and attitudes toward nationalism, as evidenced by the index p 0.05. It is recommended that this training be carried out consistently to maintain the quality of public services in the community. Keywords: Nasionalism, Nagari, Public Service Training

Synergy of Alumni and Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan in community economic empowerment is an article that seeks to answer the question how is the synergy of alumni and Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan in empowering the community's economy, by reviewing the synergy of alumni and society in general in economic empowerment programs is very important because Islamic boarding schools are currently required to show collaboration so that Islamic boarding schools are not only able to graduate students who understand religious knowledge, but are also required to have broad knowledge, managerial abilities and expertise that is entrepreneurial in nature as a medium for mutualist symbiosis between alumni and Islamic boarding schools. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach that is descriptive analytical. The data collection technique uses interviews, observation and documentation about programs that synergize with alumni in economic empowerment. Then the data is processed and analyzed with a descriptive-inductive pattern. The results of this study indicate that there is an implementation of synergy by pesantren and their alumni in economic empowerment. With this synergy, it provides a wide space for pesantren to be able to develop their potential and vice versa, the implication is to create mutually reinforcing synergies between alumni and pesantren. Forms of empowerment can be seen in the pattern of relationships between the Sunan Drajat Lamongan Islamic Boarding School and alumni through economic empowerment using the triple helix theory model.

This research was motivated by the change of the minister of education so that it had an impact on the use of the curriculum in education units where the new curriculum that emerged at this time was the independent curriculum. Where in this independent curriculum, the learning tools used by educators have many changes, one of which is the RPP in the independent curriculum being changed into Teaching Modules. Then the low creative thinking ability of students and the lack of understanding of students on vector introduction material so that the development of vector introduction material teaching modules is needed. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of validity, effectiveness and practicality of the development of teaching modules. The research method used is Design-based Research (DbR) with the Plomp model. The data sources in this study are material expert validators, media experts, and respondents. The instruments used in this research are material and media expert validation sheets as well as effectiveness and practicality questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using percentages which were interpreted according to their qualifications. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that the development of teaching modules developed is valid, effective, and practical as well as the implementation of linkages with creative thinking skills in the complete category, and student responses meet positive criteria. It is recommended that further research be carried out on a large scale or using other mathematical abilities.

This study aims to describe the difficulty of learning mathematics for fifth grade students at SD Private Swakarsa 4 Paripurna on statistics. This type of research is qualitative descriptive method. Selection of research subjects using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that students had learning difficulties in mathematics in statistics material, this was due to internal and external factors that affected the difficulty of learning mathematics in statistics material. The Course Review Hooray type cooperative learning model is a learning model that can create a lively and fun class atmosphere because each group that can answer correctly is required to shout "HORE" or other yells they like. The novelty of this article is the object of his research study on statistical material and specification of indicators of learning difficulties in mathematics.

This research is motivated by the regulation of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia which has issued a driving school program. The needs in the driving school program are the existence of teaching devices in the form of teaching modules to realize the profile of Pancasila students. In learning activities, students' mathematical problem solving skills are still low, one of the learning models to improve problem solving skills is the Problem-Based Learning model and students are still having difficulty solving vector material in vector sub operations, so it is necessary to develop a Vector Operations Teaching Module Related to Mathematical Problem Solving Ability Problem-Based Learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the teaching module, the effectiveness and practicality of the developed teaching module. The research method used in this study, namely Design Based Research with the Plomp model. Sources of data in this study are validators of material experts, media experts, and respondents. The instruments used are material expert validation sheets, media experts, ability tests, affective questionnaires, affective observations, psychomotor observations and educator response questionnaires. The data were analyzed using percentages which were interpreted according to their qualifications. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the teaching module developed is very valid, effective, and practical. It is recommended that further research be carried out for large-scale trials, different materials or other mathematical abilities.

Pembelajaran abad 21 bisa ditandai dengan perubahan paradigma teaching (root learning) menjadi learning (deep learning). Karena pengaruhnya yang signifikan itulah siswa diharap mampu beradaptasi dengan zaman sehingga nantinya mereka bisa berkompetisi dengan baik di masa yang akan datang. Setidaknya Indonesia mempunyai kurikulum 2013 yang nantinya bisa dipadukan dengan pembelajaran abad 21. Terdapat elemen yang mampu merepresentasikan apa itu pembelajaran abad 21, di antaranya adalah Creativity and Innovation, Collaboration, Communication, Critical Thinking and Problem Solving. Dikenal sebagai 4 elemen pembelajaran abad 21. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pembelajaran PJOK melalui model pembelajaran team base project dengan pendekatan Matematika Olahraga terhadap peningkatan kemampuan numerasi siswa. Penelitian eksperimental dengan pre test post test control grup design dengan jumlah sampel 50 siswa kelompok perlakuan dan 50 siswa kelompok kontrol. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah pembelajaran PJOK dengan pendekatan matematika olahraga. Hasil penelitian meunjukan rata rata nilai numerasi pre test kelompok perlakuan 66.16 kelompok kontrol 66.76. Post test numerasi kelompok perlakuan 67.5 dan 68.2 untuk kelompok control. Hail uji t didapat dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,002. Dengan demikian pendekatan pembelajaran dengan matematika olaharga berdampak pada numerasi siswa.

This paper discusses the use of verses of the Qur'an in the Robo'-Robo' prayer tradition in Selat Remis Village, Teluk Pakedai District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This tradition uses verses of the Qur'an by reading selected surahs in its implementation which is carried out once a year, namely on the last Wednesday of the month of Safar. Therefore, to find out the meaning of the use of the verses of the Qur'an in the Robo'-Robo' prayer tradition is to use the sociological theory of knowledge introduced by Karl Mannheim. The source of the data was obtained from observations and in-depth interviews at the research site. The results of this study are: 1) the objective meaning in the perspective of the Pakedai Bay community, namely preserving tradition as a form of obedience to a cleric named Guru Haji Ismail Mundu by finding manuscripts or hand notes that are used as references in that tradition. 2) expressive meaning in the view of the Pakedai Bay community, namely as a means of repelling reinforcements, avoiding disease, gaining safety, wanting a harmonious household, and after carrying out the tradition feel peace, comfort and tranquility. 3) the documentary meaning of the Robo'-Robo' prayer tradition is the formation of a habit as a forum for togetherness and intimacy for the Pakedai Bay community.

Kitab Kifayah al-Akhyar karya Imam Taqiy al-Din al-Hishni atau nama lengkapnya dengan Imam Taqiy al-Din Abu Bakr bin Muhammad al-Husaini ad-Dimasyi adalah seorang ulama fiqh dan ulama sufi yang lahir di kalangan Syafi' saya aliran pemikiran yang lahir pada tahun 752 H. dan meninggal pada tahun 829 H yang diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad. Ia banyak mempelajari berbagai disiplin ilmu agama kepada para ulama besar, Beberapa karya Imam Taqiy al-Din al-Hishni; Sistematika Pembahasan Kitab Kifayah al-Akhyar terbagi menjadi dua bab; Metode Syarah: Halli (menguraikan), Memberikan dalil (istidlal dari Al-Qur'an, as-Sunnah, Ijma' dan Qiyas dan menjelaskan sejumlah lafadz hadits, takhrij hadits, sanad, matan dan kualitas hadits), Ta'lil (Penalaran) /Kajian kritis dalam menghadirkan suatu hukum, Memberikan koreksi (ta'qib), melengkapi, merinci hukum dan juga mengkritik, mengutip ikhtilaf dan qiq mentahnya, dan menjelaskan kesamaan. Qiradh: Imam Taqiy ad-Din al-Hishni memberikan pemahaman yang sama antara qiradh dan mudharabah; Mudharabah secara istilah adalah akad kerjasama antara dua pihak dimana pihak pertama bertindak sebagai pemberi modal atau shohibul maal, sedangkan pihak kedua bertindak sebagai pengelola atau mudharib. Keuntungan yang diperoleh dibagi berdasarkan nisbah yang disepakati antara shohibul maal dan mudharib, sedangkan jika terjadi kerugian ditanggung oleh shohibul maal kecuali kelalaian pengelola. Kontrak mudharabah dapat dibagi menjadi tiga; 1). Mudharabah Muqayyadah (terikat); 2).Mudharabah Mutlaqah (tidak terikat); 3). Mudharabah Musytarakah. Produk investasi dengan akad dengan menggunakan instrumen prinsip mudharabah: 1). Obligasi Mudharabah; 2). Sukuk Mudharabah; 3). Reksa Dana Syariah; Dan beberapa produk Investasi Mikro (Produk Tamwil).

Kitab Kifayah al - Akhyar karya Imam Taqiy al - Din al - Hishni atau nama lengkapnya dengan Imam Taqiy al - Din Abu Bakr bin Muhammad al - Husaini ad - Dimasyi adalah seorang ulama fiqh dan ulama sufi yang lahir di kalangan Syafi' saya aliran pemikiran yang lahir pada tahun 752 H. dan meninggal pada tahun 829 H yang diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad. Ia banyak mempelajari berbagai disiplin ilmu agama kepada para ulama besar, Beberapa karya Imam Taqiy al - Din al - Hishni; Sistematika Pembahasan Kitab Kifayah al - Akhyar terbag i menjadi dua bab; Metode Syarah: Halli (menguraikan), Memberikan dalil (istidlal dari Al - Qur'an, as - Sunnah, Ijma' dan Qiyas dan menjelaskan sejumlah lafadz hadits, takhrij hadits, sanad, matan dan kualitas hadits), Ta'lil (Penalaran) /Kajian kritis dalam menghadirkan suatu hukum, Memberikan koreksi (ta'qib), melengkapi, merinci hukum dan juga mengkritik, mengutip ikhtilaf dan qiq mentahnya, dan menjelaskan kesamaan. Qiradh: Imam Taqiy ad - Din al - Hishni memberikan pemahaman yang sama antara qiradh dan mudhar abah; Mudharabah secara istilah adalah akad kerjasama antara dua pihak dimana pihak pertama bertindak sebagai pemberi modal atau shohibul maal, sedangkan pihak kedua bertindak sebagai pengelola atau mudharib. Keuntungan yang diperoleh dibagi berdasarkan ni sbah yang disepakati antara shohibul maal dan mudharib, sedangkan jika terjadi kerugian ditanggung oleh shohibul maal kecuali kelalaian pengelola. Kontrak mudharabah dapat dibagi menjadi tiga; 1). Mudharabah Muqayyadah (terikat); 2).Mudharabah Mutlaqah (ti dak terikat); 3). Mudharabah Musytarakah. Produk investasi dengan akad dengan menggunakan instrumen prinsip mudharabah: 1). Obligasi Mudharabah; 2). Sukuk Mudharabah; 3). Reksa Dana Syariah; Dan beberapa produk Investasi Mikro (Produk Tamwil).

This article aims to find out the form of connection that occurred between the Prophet Muhammad and the Jews in Madina. The population of Madina consists of a wide variety of tribes, religions, and social and economic levels. In this situation, it is perilous for conflict to occur. It is known that there were three popular Jewish groups in Madina, namely the Banu Qainuqā, the Banu Naḍīr, and the Banu Qurayẓah. In addition, the author wants to explore the factors that influence the dynamics of the connection between the Prophet Muhammad SAW and the Jews. In order to find out the answer to the question, this research was conducted using qualitative methods from the perspective of Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory. The results of this study were: First, the relations started when the Prophet Muhammad SAW moved to Madina and the involvement of the Jews in a mutual agreement. Furthermore, the axis of the conflict began to appear when there was a debate on the issue of faith and worship. Second, the factors that influenced the relations of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in the perspective of conflict theory were three factor; the factor of the seizure of authority, the ethnocentrism factor and transferred culture factor.

The purpose of this research is to create a learning media for the concept of geogebra to improve students' mathematical understanding of the material of spatial structure. The things tested in this study were validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This research method is R&D with a 4-D model, namely defining, designing, developing and distributing. However, in this study only up to the development stage. Based on the research that has been done, the result is that the average score of media experts is 3.6, material experts are 3.6, which means the results are very good. Furthermore, the practicality score obtained from the teacher's response questionnaire is 89,93% and the student's is 78,67%. Furthermore, the results of the effectiveness of learning media get 90% of students who get complete learning using geogebra learning media.

InSAR time-series analysis is a powerful remote sensing technique that can measure ground deformation with high spatial and temporal resolution. It has been widely used in various applications, such as the detection and monitoring of land subsidence, earthquakes, landslides, and other geohazards. In recent years, there has been significant development in InSAR time-series analysis, including the development of new algorithms and techniques, the availability of new and improved satellite data, and the application of InSAR in new and innovative ways. In this research, we propose the use of improved combined scatterers interferometry with optimized point scatterers (ICOPS) time-series analysis for InSAR application in the continuous monitoring of surface deformation. The key features of ICOPS include the optimization of point scatterers, the use of combined scatterers, and the optimization based on machine learning. These features enable ICOPS to effectively handle non-linear deformation, slow rate deformations, and to provide more accurate and reliable deformation estimates. The ICOPS method can be briefly explained by optimizing the measurement points obtained based on combined scatterers interferometry of persistent scatterers (PS) and distributed scatterers (DS) using machine learning and statistical based approaches. Distributed scatterers (DS) are used as a complement to persistent scatterers which provide increased spatial coverage with an assessment of pixel quality. After the measurement points are obtained, then the optimization process begins with support vector regression (SVR) which can handle non-linear cases and is capable of processing large data. Then, optimization results using machine learning will then be maximized using the optimized hot-spot analysis (OHSA) method to obtain spatially clustered deformation maps. In practically, we applied ICOPS to InSAR data of a surface deformation case study in the several regions and compared the results with those obtained using other InSAR methods. For the application, we applied the ICOPS in the Yellowstone National Park, USA, for detecting surface deformation around Yellowstone caldera related with volcanic activity. Then, the application for ICOPS was used in land subsidence in coastal city in Semarang, Indonesia. We also try the ICOPS for measure the surface deformation related with the construction activity in reclaimed area in Dangjin, South Korea. The results showed that ICOPS can accurately and reliably monitor surface deformation, even in complex and challenging scenarios. In summary, our study demonstrates the potential of ICOPS time-series analysis for InSAR application in the continuous monitoring of surface deformation and highlights its advantages over other methods. This work can contribute to the development of more effective and robust InSAR-based monitoring systems for surface deformation and support the sustainable and resilient management of our built and natural environments.

The COVID-19 pandemic and humanitarian challenges such as war and conflict, climate changes, and economic crises bring unexpected humanitarian challenges, such as food insecurity. Especially for developing countries, this is a double crisis, food poverty and COVID-19 pandemic. This situation needs an alternative food network (AFN), which can improve the local food sources to fulfill the food demand. The local food hubs’ (LFHs) development as an AFN that considers local producers and customers could serve as an alternative strategy to reduce the uncertainty of food availability. However, the challenge in developing LFH in developing countries is the problem of logistics efficiency. Therefore, this study discusses the development of food logistics efficiency by determining the optimum location of LFH and the fulfillment of food supply for each optimum location of LFH in rural areas. Robust optimization is applied to the Multi-Objective Many-to-Many Location-Routing Problem (MOMMLRP) model to handle the uncertain demand and production capacity. This study focused on West Java Province, Indonesia, as areas that represent developing countries. Based on our result, eight sub-districts have been determined as an optimum location to develop LFHs. This study also elaborates on the food network in the worst situation that needs regional food hubs’ (RFHs) support. The RFH support can be used when the LFH faces an unexpected problem that cannot fulfill their demand.

Tarannum, or melodic recitation of Quranic verses, employs the softness of the voice in reading the holy verses of the Quran. Melody training technology allows users to practise repetitively while also providing feedback on their performance. This paper describes an application that captures the pattern of tarannum melodies (from Quranic recitations) and provides feedback to the user. Recordings of Quranic verses are collected from an expert reciting Bayati tarannum. The samples are pre-processed into segmented tarannum verse-contours using pitch sequences. Using the k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classifier, the melody patterns are trained on 20 samples. Input vectors are formed by computing the melody verse-contour representation using mean, standard deviation, and slope values and combining them with an identified Tilt-based contour label. A tarannum training prototype is built to test similarity between a user’s recitation and the trained patterns. To identify similarity between a pair of verse-contours, the application employs a shape-based contour similarity algorithm. The proposed application also provides feedback in the form of a grade and a percentage of accuracy, as determined by a melody curve similarity algorithm. As results, the current samples have an overall shape-based weighted score of 66%. Some samples are successfully classified with a similarity score as high as 80% individually. The study provides an alternative interactive session for people who want to learn Tarannum, as well as a preliminary step toward understanding the melodic patterns for tarannum. The application provides a repetitive training experience and encourages users to improve their recitations in order to achieve the highest possible score.

Smartphones have been an essential device in most of our daily activities. However, there is not much information regarding the difference of smartphone usage between gender among medical students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of smartphone usage and the reasons of its usage among medical students by gender. A cross-sectional study was done, using self-administered questionnaires given to 300 medical students in University of Cyberjaya. The students were selected using stratified and simple random sampling methods. All respondents were using smartphone with majority from age of 18-21 years old (55.3%), female (67.7%), Malay (85%) and studying in 1st year (24.7%). The most popular reason of smartphone usage for male and female was entertainment mainly leisure activity (91.8% and 93.6%, respectively). There was no significant difference between gender and reasons of smartphone usage among medical students. Regardless, time must be managed wisely to avoid overuse of smartphones that can disrupt relationships with others. Keywords: smartphone, reason, medical student, gender, Selangor.

This research utilised the practise-based method of art focussing on the hero’s journey and his inquiry in the search for information and knowledge related to Hikayat Raja Pasai; a Malay mythological narrative, for the conceptual framing within phenomenology and methodology (practise-based research). Therefore, this research unfolds the creative process revealing the gaps in reading the narrative into drawing practise, animation making, and hermeneutic phenomenology method as an important instrument in practise-based research.

Karakter tanggung jawab merupakan salah satu karakter yang harus dimiliki oleh mahasiswa sebelum terjun ke dunia kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter tanggung jawab ditinjau dari kemampuan awal pemecahan masalah melalui model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kombinasi (mixed method) dengan model sequential explanatory yakni penggabungan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan metode kualitatif secara berurutan. Analisis data kuantitatif diarahkan untuk menganalisis kemampuan awal pemecahan masalah mahasiswa dan analisis data kualitatif diarahkan untuk mengetahui karakter tanggung jawab berdasarkan kemampuan awal pemecahan masalah. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pendidikan matematika Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa semester 1 sejumlah 37 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pembentukan karakter tanggung jawab mahasiswa selama pembelajaran Problem Based Learning jika ditinjau dari kemampuan awal pemecahan masalah.

Indonesia’s rice production has decreased by 6.83% (on average) in the last five years (2015 – 2019) because of some factors. Salinity (42%) is one of the leading factors that cause decreasing rice production besides climate change (21%), drought (9%), and other factors (28%). The smartphone camera serves as an alternative technology to prevent macronutrient deficiencies due to salinity. This study used aerial photos from android with visible light (R, G, and B), and the image was taken from a height of 5 m. The observation of macronutrient content in plant biomass was carried out using a free grid to adjust rice fields and saline soil. The formula was obtained from regression analysis and paired t-test between the biomass macronutrient and the extracted digital number of aerial photographs that have been stacked. The results showed that digital number (DN) from a smartphone was reliable to predict nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in rice with formula N = 0.0035 * DN + 0.8192 (R 2 0.84), P = 0.0049 * DN – 0.2042 (R 2 0.70), and K = 0.0478 * DN – 2.6717 (R 2 0.70). There was no difference between the macronutrient estimation results from the formula and the field’s original data.

Sidodadi Village, Garum District is a fertile area that located 18 KM from the city. The majority of its residents work as farm laborers and sand miners. Almost all residents have yards that are left without any productive use. Natural conditions are still full of trees also cause the leaf litter that less conditioned. This is the idea for us to introduce an innovation in terms of land use and neglected organic waste, that is Hydroponic. The output of this activity is expected to be an additional economic source for local residents. In addition, it is also to make new job opportunities for local youth. The methods used are Explorative Survey, SWOT Analysis, Micro Teaching, Focus Discussing Group, Participatory Rural Appraisal and e-Mentoring. In its implementation, youth organizations is very enthusiastic. So the assistance and implementation process can run well and smoothly. The enthusiasm of the team and youth organizations in this activity succeeded in establishing two greenhouses with the installations. As well as making production and marketing designs which are the final determinants in this activity. The final result of this activity is the establishment of “Green Fresh” which is divided into production, marketing and publication divisions.Keywords: PHP2D, Strategy, Marketing, Hydroponic.Abstrak. Desa Sidodadi, Kecamatan Garum merupakan wilayah subur yang terletak 18 KM dari pusat kota. Mayoritas warganya bekerja sebagai buruh tani maupun penambang pasir. Hampir seluruh warga desa ini memiliki pekarangan yang dibiarkan tanpa ada pemanfaatan yang produktif. Kondisi alam yang masih dipenuhi pohon–pohon juga menyebabkan sampah daunnya yang berserakan kurang terkondisikan. Hal inilah yang memunculkan ide bagi kami untuk memperkenalkan sebuah inovasi dalam hal pemanfaatan lahan dan sampah organik yang tak terurus, yaitu hidroponik. Luaran kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber ekonomi tambahan bagi warga setempat. Selain itu juga, untuk membuka lapangan kerja baru bagi pemuda setempat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Explorative Survey, SWOT Analysis, Micro Teaching, Focus Discussing Group, Participatory Rural Apprasial dan e-Mentoring. Dalam pelaksanaannya, karang taruna sangat antusias dengan apa yang kami sampaikan. Sehingga pendampingan dan proses pelaksanaan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Antusias tim dan karang taruna dalam kegiatan tersebut berhasil mendirikan dua greenhouse lengkap dengan instalasinya, serta membuat desain produksi dan pemasaran yang merupakan penentu akhir dalam kegiatan ini. Hasil akhir kegiatan ini adalah berdirinya Green Fresh yang terbagi dalam divisi produksi, pemasaran dan publikasi.Kata Kunci: PHP2D, Strategi, Pemasaran, Hidroponik.

Bahan bakar briket sudah banyak diteliti dan dikembangkan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar padat seperti kayu. Salah satunya briket terbuat dari biomassa yang sudah tidak terpakai seperti serbuk gergaji, sekam padi bahkan limbah sisa industri. Pada penelitian ini peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui karakteristik pembakaran briket yang terbuat dari sekam padi dicampur limbah arang kayu alaban yang meliputi penyalaan awal, laju pembakaran dan temperatur pembakaran. Adapun sampel briket yang digunakan dengan memvariasikan berupa bentuk segi empat dan enam, mesh 20 dan mesh 40 dan tekanan cetak briket sebesar 50 kg/cm2 dan 100 kg/cm2. Hasil menunjukkan temperatur tertinggi dimiliki briket segi empat dengan mesh 40 dan kekuatan tekan 50 kg/cm2 sebesar 4120C dan yang terendah dimiliki briket segi empat dengan mesh 20 dengan kekuatan tekan 100 kg/cm2 sebesar 333,330C. Semakin rendah tekanan pencetakan penyalaan awal semakin cepat dan laju pembakaran lebih lama karena ada rongga udara dan tingginya tekanan pencetakan mempengaruhi lamanya proses pembakaran.

Perkembangan TIK dalam dunia pendidikan, pada akhirnya mendorong pendidik dan praktisi pendidikan untuk terus meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Seperti halnya upaya peningkatan dalam kualitas proses pembelajaran. Salah satu contoh dari upaya ini adalah dengan penggunaan metode yang tepat dan didukung dengan adanya pemanfaatan media dan bahan ajar yang berbentuk elektronik dalam pembelajaran. Salah satu bentuk bahan ajar yang dapat diterapkan dalam bentuk elektronik adalah modul digital berbasis epub. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: merancang dan mengembangkan modul digital untuk bahan ajar Pengolahan Citra di Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Negeri Malang dan menguji kelayan modul digital untuk bahan ajar Pengolahan Citra di Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Negeri Malang. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada prosedur penelitian pengembangan menurut Sugiyono, yang dibatasi pada beberapa tahap saja. Tahap-tahap tersebut meliputi: a) potensi dan masalah, b) pengumpulan data, c) desain produk, d) validasi desain e) uji coba pemakaian. Modul digital untuk bahan ajar pengolahan citra divalidasi oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Pada penilaian ahli materi dengan skor yang diperoleh adalah 87,5 persen kategori kriteria sangat valid. Penilaian yang dilakukan oleh ahli media dengan skor yang diperoleh adalah 79 persen kategori kriteria cukup valid. Setelah divalidasi, modul digital tersebut diuji cobakan kepada 30 mahasiswa dengan memperoleh skor 87,9 persen masuk kategori sangat valid. Modul digital pengolahan citra yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini cukup valid dan layak digunakan sebagai modul pembelajaran dengan nilai rata-rata kelayakan adalah 84,7 persen.

Children with special needs have the right to a proper education. The aims of this study were: 1) Knowing the characteristics and abilities of children with special needs in MI Tholabiyah Salary, 2) Knowing the development of children with special needs at MI Tholabiyah Salary, 3) Knowing the positive and negative impacts of children with special needs in MI Tholabiyah Salary. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected by observation and interviews. The results of this study are children with special needs have abilities below the average compared to others, but they still experience significant development. The presence of children with special needs has a positive and negative impact on their peers in the educational environment.

Penelitian Pengembangan ini dilakukan berdasarkan masalah yang dialami siswa dilapangan saat bermain kasti. Beberapa dari siswa merasa kesulitan memukul bola yang dilemparkan temannya. Adanya KASPALE ini memudahkan siswa saat memukul bola, karena memukul dengan bantuan pelontar. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Research and Development mengacu pada model Borg and Gell. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini yaitu (1) menghasilkan bahan ajar permainan KASPALE, (2) bahan ajar permainan KASPALE memiliki kriteria kevalidan oleh validasi isi materi mencapai 88%, validasi ahli desain mencapai 89%, penilaian oleh praktisi 90%, dan nilai dari responden skala kecil dengan nilai 87% responden skala besar dengan nilai 87%. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa bahan ajar permainan KASPALE tidak perlu direvisi, dan permainan KASPALE sangat disukai oleh peserta didik.

Some of the important factors to monitor during exercise are training load / exercise, recovery, and illness / injury. Training load includes training duration, frequency, and intensity. What is considered during recovery is resting heart rate, fatigue, appetite, and sleep quality. The frequency, type, cause, place / position of the body where the illness / injury occurs, and how long it takes for the illness / injury to occur are important things that should not be overlooked (Malm et al., 2019). By monitoring these things independently at home, it is hoped that sports can take place safely and increase immunity during this corona pandemic. In order to prepare for offline learning, SMPN 1 Perak Jombang needs a lot of references on how to improve the immune system through sports in the pandemic era in order to avoid Covid-19. Starting from knowledge about immunity, increasing immunity by improving nutrition, increasing immunity by exercising and other knowledge that can provide benefits for all.

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the learning control system in Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri. The orderliness of students' learning can be improved through the boarding school's security management system. This control system relies on the maximum role of Islamic boarding school security staff in the activities and activities that exist in Islamic boarding schools. This study uses a qualitative field method. This research is intended to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by research subjects, for example behavior, perception, motivation, action, and others related to orderliness of learning in Darussalam Islamic Boarding School and security management systems and security strategies in improving learning order. This study concludes that the system for controlling learning activities at Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri uses a punishment strategy that has value in learning. This punishment is termed takzir. Keywords: safety officer, pesantren, learning order, ta'zir. SISTEM PENGELOLAAN PETUGAS KEAMANAN PESANTREN DALAM KETERTIBAN PEMBELAJARAN Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi sistem penertiban pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri. Ketertiban pembelajaran santri dapat ditingkatkan melalui sistem pengelolaan keamanan pondok pesantren. Sistem penertiban ini bertumpu pada peran maksimal staf keamanan pondok pesantren dalam kegiatan dan aktifitas yang ada dipondok pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif lapangan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian misalnnya perilaku, persepsi, motivasi, tindakan, dan lain-lain berkaitan dengan ketertiban pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam dan sistem pengelolaan keamanan dan strategi keamanan dalam meningkatkan ketertiban pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa system penertiban kegiatan pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Sumbersari Kediri menggunakan strategi punishment (hukuman) yang bernilai pembelajaran. Hukuman ini diistilahkan dengan takzir. Kata kunci: petugas keamanan, pondok pesantren, ketertiban pembelaran, takzir.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa berpengaruhnya reinforcement dan gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar servis bawah bola voli pada siswa kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen, yaitu untuk mencari pengaruh pemberian reinforcement dan gaya belajar. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan Pre-Experimental Designs yang jenisnya Pretest-Posttest Design, karena penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Hasil dari penelitian ini adanya pengaruh reinforcement dan konvensional terhadap hasil belajar servis bawah bola voli dapat dilihat dari hasil Nilai Fhitung= 3,186 dan Ftabel= 3,15, maka Fhitung>Ftabel. Selanjutnya, terdapat perbedaan pemberian metode reinforcement dan gaya belajar terhadap pengetahuan awal tinggi dan rendah pada keterampilan servis bawah yang dilakukan menjukkan bahwa Nilai Fhitung= 7,357 dan Ftabel = 4,00. Fhitung > Ftabel, maka Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak maka 7,357>4,00, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hasil penghitungan untuk mengetahui interaksi pemberian metode reinforcement dan gaya belajar pada keterampilan servis bawah yaitu Fhitung= 4,562 dan Ftabel= 3,15. Kesimpulanya ada interaksi pemberian reinforcement dan gaya belajar serta pengetahuan awal terhadap keterampilan servis bawah pada kelas VII SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Sidoarjo.

The training on making Es Dawet Belut Manis (dawnis) was motivated by the abundance of produce from eel cultivation in Kandri Village, like the lack of consumption of fish in Indonesia. The aim of this program is to increase the use of eels as an effort to promote the movement to eat fish. This program focuses on Kandri Tourism Village people, there are three stages, namely exposure to the potential and nutritional content of eels, training in Es Dawnis making and marketing of Es Dawnis. From the three stages, it can be concluded that the Ice Dawnis making training program has been successfully implemented by observing the enthusiasm of the participants, product acceptance, and product marketing that could potentially introduce Es Dawnis as a typical drink for Kandri Tourism Village.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan yang ada dalam sistem boarding school, dan bentuk kemandirian siswa di boarding school di MAN 1 Kota Pekalongan. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data didapat dari hasil wawancara dengan kepala asrama, pengasuh asrama putra dan 3 siswa boarding school, dan hasil observasi terkait pembelajaran guru dan kemandirian siswa. Analisis data yang digunakakan menurut Miles dan Huberman, yaitu: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa boarding school bertujuan membentuk siswa yang mandiri, baik secara emosional, ekonomi, intelektual, dan sosial. Bentuk kemandirian siswa di boarding school seperti mencuci pakaian, mencuci peralatan masak, membersihkan tempat tidur sekaligus kamarnya. Kemandirian siswa dibentuk karena pembiasaan dari seluruh kegiatan yang ada di boarding school dan pengulangan-pengulangan sebagai penguat dari sikap mandiri yang sudah dimiliki siswa. Sehingga diharapkan, ada penelitian khusus kesadaran diri siswa selama di boarding school MAN 1 Kota Pekalongan.

There were differences of attitudes taken by the caliphs Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Umar bin al-Khattab in the narration of the hadith, as compared to those carried by the Prophet Muhammad. In his time, the Prophet (SAS) invited and motivated the Companions to narrate the hadith to others. But the caliphs Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Umar bin al-Khattab carried out a different policy between the obligations of the Companions to tighten the narrations of the traditions of the Prophet SAW or called taqlid al-riwayah. The paper aims to discuss taqlid al-riwayah policy based on background, forms, and objectives. They were related to the policy and bring up the positive and negative of the application of the policy to the development of hadith in the aftermath. The results of the study found that there were political and social factors that cause policies to be taken. They oppose politics, oppose false prophets, the number of people who apostatize, and do not run Islamic law with kaffah, exchanging friends who gave false traditions. The taqlil al-riwayah policy takes various forms. They are to reduce narration, strictness (tatsabbut) in accepting competition, punishing and renewing friends who had multiply the narration of traditions. The traditions of the Prophet Muhammad were from mistakes and falsification. Besides, this policy also opposes the development of traditions, both regarding the positive, preserved, authenticity and quality of the traditions of the Prophet SAW and also does not violate false traditions (maudhu ') among Muslims. It is also free of negative impacts. According to part of the distribution and the list of traditions, the Prophet (PBUH), the lively discussion of hadith meanings and the delay in the process of codifying the traditions of the Prophet PBUH.

PT XYZ sebagai salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pertambangan batubara yang terletak di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Telah merencanakan pembuatan pit dan timbunan di suatu lahan yang belum dibuka. Oleh karena itu diperlukan studi geoteknik untuk menganalisa geometri lereng bukaan tambang serta timbunan yang telah direncanakan oleh pihak perusahaan. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh dari pengeboran geoteknik, pengukuran muka air tanah dari 9 titik yang dianggap mewakili karakteristik massa tanah atau batuan dari beberapa pit. Lapisan batuan penyusun lereng tambang didominasi oleh batupasir dan batulempung, dijumpai pula batu lanau, carbon disamping batubara yang akan ditambang. Tanah atau batuan di lokasi penelitian termasuk kriteria batuan sedang sampai lemah, dibuktikan oleh pendekatan indeks kekuatan geologi dan sifat mekanik batuan. Pengukuran muka air tanah di daerah penelitian termasuk dalam kondisi jenuh dengan kedalaman MAT 0,88 - 11,975 meter. Penelitian dilakukan dengan jumlah pit sebanyak 7 pit, dan 13 penampang (section) yaitu penampang A-A’ sampai dengan penampang N-N’, yang merepresentasikan bentuk dari tiap pit penambangan batubara meliputi highwall dan lowwall . Kemantapan lereng untuk rencana desain tambang awal pada penampang A-A’ sampai dengan penampang N-N’ untuk lereng highwall dan lowwall faktor keamanannya terdapat yang sudah stabil namun masih dapat dioptimalkan, stabil dan tidak stabil, sehingga untuk lereng yang berada dalam kondisi stabil yang dapat dioptimalkan dilakukan desain ulang dengan kemiringan lereng yang curam dari sebelumnnya, kemudian untuk lereng yang tidak stabil dilakukan desain ulang dengan kemiringan lereng yang landai dari sebelumnnya. Rekomendasi lereng untuk penampang A-A’ lereng highwall yaitu overall slope angle 33 0 dan tinggi lereng 69,665 m serta untuk lereng lowwall yaitu overall slope angle 13 0 dan tinggi lereng 48,105 m, penampang B-B’ lereng highwall yaitu overall slope angle 29 0 dan tinggi lereng 34,139 m serta untuk lereng lowwall yaitu overall slope angle 22 0 dan tinggi lereng 40,109 m, penampang C-C’ lereng highwall yaitu overall slope angle 30 0 dan tinggi lereng 97,900 m serta untuk lereng lowwall yaitu overall slope angle 15 0 dan tinggi lereng 69,284 m, penampang D-D’ lereng highwall yaitu overall slope angle 49 0 dan tinggi lereng 77,023 m serta untuk lereng lowwall yaitu overall slope angle 7 0 dan tinggi lereng 132,16 m. Kata Kunci: Kestabilan Lereng, Highwall, Lowwall, Sidewall , Metode Kesetimbangan Batas ABSTRACT PT XYZ as one of the companies engaged in coal mining located in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Planned construction of pits and waste dump on land that has not been cleared. Therefore a geotechnical study is needed to analyze the geometry of the mine opening slope and the pile planned by the company. Research activities carried out by collecting primary data obtained from geotechnical drilling, groundwater level measurements from 9 points that are considered to represent the characteristics of the soil mass or rock from several pits. Rock layers making up the mine slope are dominated by sandstone and claystone, silt stone, carbon in addition to the coal to be mined. The soil or rocks at the study site are of moderate to weak rock criteria, evidenced by the geological strength index approach and rock mechanical properties. Based on ground water level measurements in the study area included in saturated conditions with a MAT depth of 0.88 - 11.975 meters from the surface. The study was conducted with a total of 7 pits, and 13 section sections, namely A-A section to N-N section, which represent the shape of each coal mining pit including highwall and lowwall. Slope stability for the initial mine design plan on cross sections A-A 'to N-N cross sections for highwall and lowwall slopes there are safety factors that are already stable but can still be optimized, stable and unstable, so for slopes that are in stable conditions that are can be optimized redesigned with a steep slope from the previous, then for unstable slopes redesigned with a safety slope from the previous. Recommended slopes for cross section A-A 'highwall slopes are overall slope angle 330 and slope height 69,665 m and for lowwall slopes are overall slope angle 130 and slope height 48,105 m, cross section B-B' highwall slopes are overall slope angle 290 and slope height 34,139 m and for lowwall slopes namely overall slope angle 220 and slope height 40,109 m, cross section C-C 'highwall slope is overall slope angle 300 and slope height 97,900 m and for lowwall slopes are overall slope angle 150 and slope height 69,284 m, cross section D-D 'highwall slope is 490 overall slope angle and 77.023 m slope height and lowwall slope angle 70 overall and 132.16 m slope height. Key Word: Slope Stability, Highwall, Lowwall, Sidewall, Limit Equilibrium Method

In 2013, Malaysia ranked first in the English Proficiency Index (EPI)[6]. However, a shocking discovery revealed that only 27.8% teachers met the minimum standards of the Cambridge Placement Test (CPT) [7],[8]. This was reflected on the students’ performance revealing a distinct failure in English language subjects in every major examination in Malaysia (UPSR= 25%, PMR= 23%, and SPM= 22%). 50% failed English 1119 and the performance of MUET revealed that 52% candidates getting only band 1 and band 2[7]. Language attrition is a phenomenon where one’s proficiency in a language deteriorates due to several factors. One of the most prominent factors is the disuse of the language itself. The phenomenon can be seen as a threat to teachers or instructors of a language as the quality of their instructions can be deemed questionable should they experience the phenomenon. The research aims to investigate factors that hinder teachers’ use of English in their workplace and daily lives. The study employing the qualitative method took place in the municipal of Machang, Kelantan, Malaysia. The decision to conduct the study in the municipal of Machang, Kelantan, was due to the uniqueness of the state itself for its prevalent EV[121],[13],[14]. The principal results revealed that the factors hindering the use of English language among informants were vastly related but not limited to EVT[25]. There were also factors related to policy. The study tapped into a new dimension linking language attrition, language maintenance, teaching and learning, sociolinguistics, and policy, where the results were inter-related to one another.

Muhammad Nāsir ad-Dīn al-Albānī merupakan salah satu sarjana hadis yang dianggap kontroversial. Banyak ulama yang mengatakan bahwa penilaian-penilaiannya terhadap hadis tidak dapat diperpegangi. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya kontradiksi penilaian al-Albānī dalam banyak hadis. Dalam satu kasus ditemukan ia men-da’īf-kan suatu hadis, namun dalam karyanya yang lain hadis itu dinilainya hasan, atau bahkan sahīh, atau sebaliknya. Artikel ini berupaya mengungkap bagaimana konsistensi al-Albānī dalam kritik hadis, khususnya hadis-hadis yang telah direvisi penilaiannya oleh al-Albānī dari hadis yang awalnya ia hukumi dengan status da’īf kemudian diralat menjadi sahīh dalam karyanya Daī’f al-Jāmi’. Ditemukan bahwa dalam menerapkan konsep tashīh terhadap hadis-hadis yang telah di-da’īf -kan, tampaknya ia kurang konsisten. Berdasarkan penelitian ditemukan kasus al-Albānī men-sahīh-kan hadis yang telah dihukuminya dengan status da’īf jiddan (hadis matrūk dan hadis mungkar), dan hal itu bertentangan dengan metodenya yang menyatakan bahwa hadis da’īf tidak dapat dinaikkan derajatnya jika tingkat ke-da’īf -annya berat meskipun ditemukan riwayat-riwayat lain sebagai pendukung.

This article presents the data as a support for “Designing a Food Supply Chain Strategy during COVID-19 Pandemic using an Integrated Agent-Based Modelling and Robust Optimization” [1]. An integration framework of Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) and Robust Optimization (RO) is proposed to address the food supply network development involving normal and pandemic condition issue regarding the actual food production data availability. In this article, the data associated with the integrated ABM simulation and RO are discussed. Particularly, this article provides the output rice production capacity data from the ABM simulation. This article also discusses how the output data from ABM simulation are processed to construct the polyhedral uncertainty set, which will later used by RO. By showing the output data from the ABM simulation and explaining how it is processed to be used in RO, other researchers and investigators could integrate their own ABM simulation model with RO to address their respective problems considering any uncertainty. Furthermore, the additional data needed for the optimization model are also included, which are mainly retrieved from the reports of government agencies.

Nowadays, action recognition is widely used in various aspects of life, one of which is for monitoring purposes. One of the challenges in this problem is the process of detecting and recognizing the actions of the elderly. In this research, an integrated system is proposed to detect and monitor the actions of the elderly based on Computer Vision. This system using joint skeleton coordinate data as a system input. The system can detect actions taken by the elderly based on the dataset we created. There are seven actions: standing, sitting, walking, falling, drinking, sleeping, and eating. This system uses the OpenPose library to detect skeletons from the elderly. Then for feature extraction using spatiotemporal to extract the joint position data of the elderly every 15 frames. For classification using the Support Vector Machine in this system. Then, the recognized action data will be sent by the system to the backend of the platform. The test shows that the system can detect seven actions of the elderly with an accuracy value of 87.81% on the training model used.

COVID-19 reported cases in Malaysia is increasing every day. The lab facilities for testing COVID-19 has almost reached their capacity. Traditionally, to detect the COVID-19, a swab test is used. This method will take some time and be costly. The swab test kits are very scarce, and the human resources to do this test are limited. Through modern technology, there is a probability of detecting positive COVID-19 using X-ray images with deep learning. In this paper, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach is used to detect Covid-19 through digital X-ray images. The 2D convolution kernel layer consists of three layers. The first layer has a $3 \times 3$ kernel, the second part has a $5 \times 5$ kernel, and the third part has a $7 \times 7$ kernel. Then, the output will be combined into one layer. Afterwards, the concatenated layer continued with another sequential process consisting of two convolution processes, ReLU and max pooling. Next, the model is then flattened, dropout and dense. A total of 2100 positive Covid-19 and negative Covid-19 images from Github and Kaggle databases have been used in this research. Based on the experiment done, the accuracy was almost 96%.

Food security is the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, safe, and nutritious food for all people. It is a critical point to be achieved yet has many aspects to be considered, which include food availability, stability, access, and utilization. Each aspect has its own challenge, which makes food security a complex goal to achieve. Therefore, this paper aims to demonstrate how the Local Food Network (LFN) might be able to address the challenges of food security and eventually achieve it. Moreover, this paper also takes the standpoint of sustainability aspects to ensure food security can be achieved sustainably and responsibly. A case study in Indonesia is given in this paper to provide a concrete explanation of the topic. Rice commodity is used in this study as the staple food of Indonesia. To achieve the goal of this paper, a Multi-objective Linear Programming (MOLP) model, which reflects the LFN, is developed. Furthermore, sustainability’s social, economic, and environmental aspects are directly incorporated into the model. Through several measures obtained from the model results, this paper indicates that food security can be achieved sustainably through the concept of LFN.

In Semarang, Indonesia, land subsidence had exacerbated the prone area of river floods due to heavy monsoon rain and coastal floods due to sea-level rise during high tide. Monitoring land subsidence in Semarang becomes essential to prevent the coastal inundation which leads the city to be submerged by seawater. In this study, land subsidence in Semarang was mapped using time-series analysis based on Stanford Methods for Persistent Scatterer (StaMPS) on the Sentinel-1 SAR datasets from March 2017 to May 2020 in both ascending and descending tracks. Optimized Hot Spot Analysis (OHSA) was conducted on the persistent scatterer points to spatially clustered the points with a high significance level statistically. The comparison of mean vertical deformation maps between two tracks shows a good correlation between displacement patterns. The land subsidence in Semarang was mainly due to groundwater extraction for industrial use and the compaction from the young alluvium soil.

Penyelidikan ini merangkumi pemahaman metafora melalui perkaitan objek perwakilan dengan seni untuk meningkatkan nilai dan estetika dalam memahami karya seni. Karya seni dapat didefinisikan dalam dua bentuk format iaitu representasi dan bukan representasi. Kedua-dua bentuk format ini menekankan modenisme. Penyelidikan ini membincangkan objek yang dijumpai mewakili kiasan 'kepercayaan' serta memiliki ciptaan seni sambil mencerminkan sejarah, fungsi dan dikontekstualisasikan dalam Karya Seni 2D. Konsep siap pakai diperkenalkan pada tahun 1917 ketika Marcel Duchamp memperkenalkan idea untuk menjelaskan kemampuan sifat fizikal, refleksi psikologi, dan adanya ideologi untuk meniru simbol, dan metafora sebagai akar dalam paradigma baru dalam praktik konseptual. Bahanbahan 'berbicara' dengan sendirinya dalam mewakili 'realisme' sebagai keputusan untuk memperkuat persepsi objektiviti dan mempersoalkan tradisi praktik perwakilan di era modernisme. Kualiti idea ini membawa kepada pengabstrakan dan pemahaman yang kompleks tentang bahasa dan komunikasi seni. Penyelidikan ini menerangkan dua metodologi dalam merujuk objek dan subjek dalam seni visual. Metodologi ini metafora dalam pendekatan semiotik dan psikoanalitik dalam perspektif. Dalam semiologi, metafora melibatkan dan memerlukan satu cara penting iaitu 'penanda' di mana ia merujuk kepada subjek utama (literal) dan juga dinyatakan dalam subjek sekunder (kiasan). This research covers the understanding of metaphor through the association of representational objects to art to enhance the value and aesthetic in understanding artworks. Artwork can be defined in two forms of format which are representational and non-representational. These two forms of format emphasise modernism. This research discusses the found objects which represent the metaphor of ‘belief’ as well as possess artistic creation while reflecting history, functionality and being contextualised in 2D Artworks. The concept of ready-made was introduced in 1917 when Marcel Duchamp introduced the idea of explaining the capability of physical properties, psychological reflection, and the existence of ideology to imitate symbol, and metaphor as a root in the new paradigm in conceptual practises. The materials ‘speak’ by itself in representing ‘realism’ as a decision to reinforce perception of objectivity and questioning the tradition of representational practice in the era of modernism. This quality of ideas leads to abstraction and complex understanding of the language and the communication of art. This research explains two methodologies in referring to objects and subjects in visual art. These methodologies are metaphor in semiotic approach and psychoanalytic in perspective. In semiology, metaphor involves and needs one mode of significance which is the ‘signifier’ in which it refers to the primary subject (literal) and also expressed in the secondary subject (figurative).

The problem considered in this paper is minimization of operational and maintenance costs of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). A continuous condition monitoring system is to be designed for reducing these costs. Hence preliminary identification of the degeneration of the generator health, facilitating a proactive response, minimizing downtime, and maximizing productivity is made possible. The inaccessibility of Wind generators situated at heights of 30m or more height also creates problem in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. This opens up the research on condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in WECS (blades, drive trains, and generators). Therefore different type of faults, their generated signatures, and their diagnostic schemes are discussed in this paper. The paper aims in validating the application of neural networks for the analysis of wind turbine data, so that possible future failures may be predicted and rectified earlier.

Educational Game Equipment (APE) adalah alat permainan yang dirancang khusus untuk tujuan pendidikan, Mayke dan APE adalah salah satu program yang diminati penduduk desa Pohjejer. Kegiatan program ini terdiri dari dua bagian: Play Dough dan Puppet Gloves. Implementasi 2 bagian divisi APE dilakukan secara terpisah dengan mempertimbangkan target lima divisi yang berbeda. Pengamatan yang yang dilakukan adalah proses pengamatan danpencatatan secara sistematis / berurutan, logis, obyektif dan rasional, baik dalam situasi aktual maupun dalam situasi artifisial untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi untuk mengetahui tingkat apresiasi PKK, guru dan anak TK / pohjejer. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah . guru playgroup dan guru TK berjalan dengan baik dan lancar dengan antusias yang tinggi.

The Internet of Things (IoT) growth are rapidly in various fields such as industry 4.0, smart cities, and smart homes. Implementation of IoT for electronic assistance had been researched to increase the longevity of human life. However, not all IoT implementation as human life assistance provides action recognition monitoring on multiple elderly people, provide information such as real-time action monitoring, and real-time streaming in a mobile application. Therefore, this research intends to create a system that can receive and provide information on each elderly people who registered. The Action Recognition Backend Platform will be working as cloud computing to receive and manage input data from Edge Computing Action Recognition. This platform integrated Deep Learning, Data Analytics, Big Data Warehouse that implemented Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) methods, communication services with MQTT, and Kafka Streaming Processor. The test result showed that the edge computing action recognition got better model accuracy performance from our last model [1], which can predict with 50,7% accuracy in 0.5 confidence threshold. Moreover, the backend platform had been successfully implemented a simple IoT paradigm and got an average delivery time of MQTT communication at 204ms, for streaming data process took an average delay of 680ms.

A person's ability to interact with others in a community is social capital. Social ability that occurs and is based on trust, mutual understanding, and rules about the same values can be understood (shared value) owned by group members in order to be resilient to life's challenges. Student Activity Unit (UKM) is a student organization in the campus environment aims to create activities outside the academic students who are thought / reasoning, talent interests, welfare, and special interests in addition to equipping softskil for its members can develop. The result of data analysis shows that there are 1)Influence of Social Capital variables in the form of Participation, Social Norm on Student Activity Units (SMEs) 2). There is an influence of capital social variables in the form of Participation, Social Norm on the soul of Entrepenuer 30. There is an influence of capital social variables in the form of Participation, Social Norm on the soul of Entrepenuer through the Student Activity Unit

Floods in Pekalongan, Indonesia often occur due to the overflowing of river water during heavy monsoon rain. While the northern coast area of Pekalongan which located adjacent to the Java sea was affected by coastal floods due to sea-level rise. The flood conditions in every area were exacerbated by land subsidence and lead to coastal inundation. Monitoring land subsidence in Pekalongan becomes important to predict the further possible land subsidence occurrence area and mitigate the possible hazard caused by land subsidence. The analysis of land subsidence is much easier since the existence of radar satellites. This study used Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets from the Sentinel-1 radar satellite between 2017 and 2020 in descending tracks. The data was processed through a time-series Interferometry SAR (InSAR) method based on the Stanford Methods for Persistent Scatterer (StaMPS) algorithm to provide accurate measurements over large areas by improving the selection of coherent pixels and reducing atmosphere noises. The result of persistent scatterer points then spatially clustered using Optimized Hot Spot Analysis (OHSA) to estimate significant points statistically and define them as the hot spot points. The results of time-series vertical deformation in Pekalongan were compared with the GPS station measurements. The comparison showed a good correlation in deformation patterns between time-series InSAR and GPS measurements. Our study revealed that the land subsidence in Pekalongan occurred mostly in settlement areas under the young alluvium soil which did not support the maximum compression from many buildings. Another cause of land subsidence in Pekalongan was the excessive groundwater extraction in the settlement areas could reduce the effective stress of pore pressure and lead to compaction in the aquifer areas. The time-series method that using the StaMPS algorithm and Optimized Hot Spot Analysis in this study can be applied for monitoring land subsidence in another area and from all-terrain.

Hakim, W.L.; Achmad, A.R.; Eom, J., and Lee, C.-W., 2020. Land subsidence measurement in Jakarta coastal area using time series interferometry with Sentinel-1 SAR data. In: Jung, H.-S.; Lee, S.; Ryu, J.-H., and Cui, T. (eds.), Advances in Geospatial Research of Coastal Environments. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 102, pp. 75-81. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Jakarta coastal area is a part of North Jakarta which has a boundary to the Java Sea. Coastal flood from the Java Sea was not a new case in North Jakarta, the situations occurred due to sea-level rise. The conditions of coastal flood in Jakarta can be worsening by land subsidence in Jakarta coastal area. The land subsidence in Jakarta coastal area was occurred in many years and detected by geodetic measurement methods such as GPS and leveling surveys. The study about land subsidence in Jakarta coastal area needed to be updated because it could affect the urban development. This study presents the mean vertical deformation map using Stanford Methods for Persistent Scatterer (StaMPS) for time-series analysis on the Sentinel-1 data archives in the period of March 2017 through April 2020 in both ascending and descending track. The comparison of mean vertical deformation map between two tracks shows a good correlation in terms of displacement patterns with slightly different in 4 individual chosen points that show a high deformation at rates between 30 mm/year and 40 mm/year. The area chosen in this study known as a reclaimed area and the subsidence occurred due to young alluvium consolidation that not supported the maximum compression from a lot of buildings. These approach methods in this study that using StaMPS could be used to monitor land subsidence from all-terrain.

Landslides are a geological hazard that can pose a serious threat to human health and the environment of highlands or mountain slopes. Landslide susceptibility mapping is an essential tool for predicting and mitigating landslides. This study aimed to investigate the application of deep learning algorithms based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with metaheuristic optimization algorithms, namely the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), to landslide susceptibility mapping. The study area was Icheon City, South Korea, for which an accurate landslide inventory dataset was available. The landslide inventory map was prepared and randomly divided into datasets of 70% for training and 30% for validation. Additionally, 18 landslide-related factors, including geo-environmental and topo-hydrological factors, were considered as predictive variables. The models were compared using area under the curve (AUC) values in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The validation results showed that optimized models based on CNN-GWO (AUC = 0.876, RMSE = 0.08) and CNN-ICA (AUC = 0.852, RMSE = 0.09) outperformed the standalone CNN model (AUC = 0.847, RMSE = 0.12). Nevertheless, the CNN model outperformed previous research that used a machine learning algorithm alone. Thus, the deep learning algorithm with optimization algorithms proposed in this study can generate more suitable models for landslide susceptibility mapping in the study area due to its improved accuracy.