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Films of TiO2 nanotubes distributed over the inner surface of a discharge reactor cylinder (CTD) or adhered to a stainless steel electrode surface (PTD) in a discharge reactor were compared with a single-discharge (SD) system to investigate their efficiencies in phenol degradation. Morphology studies indicated that the TiO2 film was destroyed in the PTD system, but that there was no change in the CTD system after discharge. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the anatase phase of the original sample was preserved in the CTD system, but that an anatase-to-rutile phase transformation occurred in the PTD system after discharge. The highest efficiencies of phenol degradation and total organic carbon (TOC) mineralization were observed in the CTD system, and there was no decrease in phenol degradation efficiency upon reuse of a TiO2 film, indicating high catalysis activity and stability of the TiO2 photocatalysts in the combined treatment. TiO2 photocatalysts favored the formation of hydrogen peroxide and disfavored the formation of ozone. A greater degree of oxidation of intermediates and higher energy efficiency in phenol oxidation were observed with the TiO2-plasma systems, especially in the CTD system, compared to those with the SD system.

The g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 -NTs electrodes were synthesized by a dip-coating procedure followed by high-temperature annealing used in photoelectrochemical process. From the results, a simultaneous and rapid reduction of Cr(VI) and degradation of phenol in Cr(VI)/phenol system was observed with photoelectrocatalytic activity under UV–visible light irradiation than photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activities. The different kinds of Cr(VI)/organic pollutants systems were also investigated systematically. In addition, different scavengers were also added in Cr(VI)/phenol and Cr(VI)/benzyl alcohol systems to indicate that the hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals were the most major active species for the denomination of Cr(VI) and organic pollutants. The intermediates of phenol and benzyl alcohol were also detected during the reaction in order to deduce the photoelectrocatalysis mechanism underg-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 -NTs electrodes that the charge separation was improved and subsequently electron-transfer efficiency was higher.