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3 results on '"Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI)"'

1. The therapeutic contribution of nanomedicine to treat neurodegenerative diseases via neural stem cell differentiation

Author

Dario Carradori, Véronique Préat, Anne des Rieux, Joël Eyer, Patrick Saulnier, Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles (MINT), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), and UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Neurogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Central nervous system, Biophysics, Bioengineering, Physiologic process, Neurodegenerative disease, Regenerative medicine, Theranostic Nanomedicine, Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, Nanocapsules, Neural Stem Cells, Animals, Humans, Medicine, In patient, nanotechnology, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds, Neural stem cell differentiation, business.industry, Neurodegenerative Diseases, nanomedicine, Neural stem cell, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mechanics of Materials, Drug delivery, Ceramics and Composites, Nanomedicine, nanoparticles, business, Neuroscience, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The discovery of adult neurogenesis drastically changed the therapeutic approaches of central nervous system regenerative medicine. The stimulation of this physiologic process can increase memory and motor performances in patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Neural stem cells contribute to the neurogenesis process through their differentiation into specialized neuronal cells. In this review, we describe the most important methods developed to restore neurological functions via neural stem cell differentiation. In particular, we focused on the role of nanomedicine. The application of nanostructured scaffolds, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, and nanotechnology-based real-time imaging has significantly improved the safety and the efficacy of neural stem cell-based treatments. This review provides a comprehensive background on the contribution of nanomedicine to the modulation of neurogenesis via neural stem cell differentiation.

Published
2017

2. The gut microbiota metabolite indole alleviates liver inflammation in mice

Author

Pieter Evenepoel, Julie Rodriguez, Giulio G. Muccioli, Audrey de Rocca Serra, Martin Roumain, Martin Beaumont, Laure B. Bindels, Audrey M. Neyrinck, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Patrice D. Cani, Jean-Baptiste Demoulin, Marta Olivares, Metabolism and nutrition research group, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)-Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, European Project: 613979,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,MYNEWGUT(2013), UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, and UCL - SSS/DDUV/MEXP - Médecine expérimentale

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], LPS, Metabolite, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Gut flora, Biochemistry, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, In vivo, Genetics, medicine, Kupffer cells, Molecular Biology, Indole test, gut-liver axis, biology, Research, Kupffer cell, Tryptophan, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, PCLS, gut–liver axis, cholesterol metabolism, medicine.symptom, kupffer cell, Biotechnology
Abstract

The gut microbiota regulates key hepatic functions, notably through the production of bacterial metabolites that are transported via the portal circulation. We evaluated the effects of metabolites produced by the gut microbiota from aromatic amino acids (phenylacetate, benzoate, p-cresol, and indole) on liver inflammation induced by bacterial endotoxin. Precision-cut liver slices prepared from control mice, Kupffer cell (KC)-depleted mice, and obese mice ( ob/ ob) were treated with or without LPS and bacterial metabolites. We observed beneficial effects of indole that dose-dependently reduced the LPS-induced up-regulation of proinflammatory mediators at both mRNA and protein levels in precision-cut liver slices prepared from control or ob/ ob mice. KC depletion partly prevented the antiinflammatory effects of indole, notably through a reduction of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) pathway activation. In vivo, the oral administration of indole before an LPS injection reduced the expression of key proteins of the NF-κB pathway and downstream proinflammatory gene up-regulation. Indole also prevented LPS-induced alterations of cholesterol metabolism through a transcriptional regulation associated with increased 4β-hydroxycholesterol hepatic levels. In summary, indole appears as a bacterial metabolite produced from tryptophan that is able to counteract the detrimental effects of LPS in the liver. Indole could be a new target to develop innovative strategies to decrease hepatic inflammation.-Beaumont, M., Neyrinck, A. M., Olivares, M., Rodriguez, J., de Rocca Serra, A., Roumain, M., Bindels, L. B., Cani, P. D., Evenepoel, P., Muccioli, G. G., Demoulin, J.-B., Delzenne, N. M. The gut microbiota metabolite indole alleviates liver inflammation in mice. ispartof: FASEB JOURNAL vol:32 issue:12 pages:6681-6693 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2018

3. Central Apelin Controls Glucose Homeostasisviaa Nitric Oxide-Dependent Pathway in Mice

Author

Sophie Rastrelli, André Colom, Bernard Frances, Isabelle Castan-Laurell, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Isabelle Leclercq, Philippe Valet, Patrice D. Cani, Thibaut Duparc, Lionel Moulédous, Claude Knauf, Nicolas Massaly, J. Andrew Pospisilik, Catherine Llorens-Cortes, Sophie Le Gonidec, Anne Drougard, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Metabolism and nutrition research group, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)-Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratory of hepato-gastroenterology, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)-Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique, Neuropeptides centraux et régulations hydrique et cardiovasculaire, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Labex MemoLife, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of immunobiology, Max-Planck-Institut, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale - UMR5169 (CRCA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Labex MemoLife, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Simon, Marie Francoise, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, Adipose tissue, Biochemistry, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin Secretion, Hyperinsulinemia, Homeostasis, Insulin, Glucose homeostasis, General Environmental Science, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Brain, Circadian Rhythm, 3. Good health, Apelin, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infusions, Intraventricular, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypothalamus, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism, Nitric Oxide, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Nitric oxide, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Adipokines, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Biosynthetic Pathways, Glucose, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Insulin Resistance, business
Abstract

International audience; Abstract Aims: Apelin and its receptor have emerged as promising targets for the treatment of insulin resistance. Indeed, peripheral administration of apelin stimulates glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity via a nitric oxide (NO) pathway. In addition to being expressed on peripheral metabolically active adipose tissues, apelin is also found in the brain. However, no data are available on the role of central effects of apelin on metabolic control. We studied glucose metabolism in response to acute and chronic intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of apelin performed in normal and obese/diabetic mice. Results: We demonstrate that i.c.v. injection of apelin into fed mice improves glucose control via NO-dependent mechanisms. These results have been strengthened by transgenic (eNOS-KO mice), pharmacological (L-NMMA i.c.v. treated mice), and real-time measurement of NO release with amperometric probes detection. High-fat diet-fed mice displayed a severely blunted response to i.c.v. apelin associated with a lack of NO response by the hypothalamus. Moreover, central administration of high dose apelin in fasted normal mice provoked hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Conclusion: These data provide compelling evidence that central apelin participates in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and suggest a novel pathophysiological mechanism involved in the transition from normal to diabetic state. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 15, 1477-1496.

Published
2011

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