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Coriandrum sativum L. is well known around the world because of its food and medicine uses. The main bioactive constituents in C. sativum are essential oil, fatty acids, tocol, sterol and carotenoids, their yields and chemical compositions being influenced by genotype, variety, planting season, ecotype, planting condition, growth stage, plant part, harvesting time, extracting process and other factors. Coriander and its different extracts possess varying degrees of antioxidative and antimicrobial activities on account of different active constituents. The general usages, chemical compositions and bioactivities of coriander are summarized in this review, along with safety considerations.

Scroll compressor is widely used in machines for gases compression, and scroll profile is the basic of a scroll compressor. The combined profile of scroll has advantages of several single scroll profiles. For improving the performance of a scroll compressor, it is necessary to investigate characteristics of the internal flow of combined profile of scroll compressors. In this paper, the combined profile is composed of the base circle involute-variable radius and base circle involute. A two-dimensional transient flow model of the combined profile of scroll refrigeration compressor operating with ammonia is established. The pressure, temperature, and velocity distribution of the working chamber are collected using the computational fluid dynamic method. Based on comparison between the combined profile and the circular involute profile, it is found that the combined profile is more favorable to bear the pressure, decrease the leakage, and decrease the fluctuation of mass flow rate than the circular involute profile.

Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.

To select elite germplasms, 112 mutants derived from japonica rice cultivar Wuyujing 3 were evaluated. The yield components such as panicle number per square meter, grain number per panicle, and grain weight were measured. The quality traits such as percentage of chalky grains (PCG), brown rice yield (BRY), milled rice yield (MRY), degree of milling (DM), amylose content (AC), protein content (PC), and relationships among traits were inverstigated. Results showed that grain yield ranged from 2.15 to 12.49 t/hm2 with a mean of 6.4 t/hm2 and number of grains per square meter contributed for 94.64% in grain yield variation. For quality traits, all rice mutants had short size (grain length ≤ 5.5 mm) and bold shape (grain length to width ratio = 1.10–2.00). Most of rice mutants (87.5%) had PCG values below 20%. All mutants had MRY values above 50%, AC values below 20%, and PC values below 10%. Percentage of chalky grains was significantly negatively correlated with MRY and positively correlated with DM. BRY and MRY were significantly negatively correlated with DM. PC was significantly and positively correlated with MRY and negatively correlated with DM, while AC had no significant correlation with these quality traits. It was concluded that there were 25 rice mutants which fulfilled the major requirements of Jiangsu standard japonica rice such as low percentage of chalky grains, low amylose content, optimal protein content, and which could be used as elite germplasms. Thus the mutants identified may lead to significant progress in improvement of rice quality.

AlGaN is a key material for deep ultraviolet optoelectronic and electronic devices. With the increase of the Al composition ratio, the phase separation on the surface, caused by small-scale compositional fluctuations, is prone to affecting the performance of the device. In order to explore the mechanism of the phase separation on a nanoscale, the AlGaN wafers with different quantities of Al compositions are investigated by the confocal photoluminescence spectroscopy and the single-pass Kelvin force probe microscopy. The composition ratios of Al for the three samples are about 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively. The single-pass Kelvin force probe microscopy based on dual-frequency phase-locking is used to obtain high spatially resolved (about 10 nm) surface potential images. In the area where the phase separation phenomenon is obvious in the photoluminescence spectrum, the sharp change of the surface potential can be observed at the irregular steps and the edges of the surface pits. The potential changes can be ascribed to the inhomogeneous composition distribution. In the area where the topography turns into step flow, the surface pits shrink and merge. No obvious surface potential domain boundaries appear at the steps nor on the edges of the surface pits. Meanwhile, the phase separation phenomenon in the photoluminescence spectrum almost disappears. Our experiments show that the steps and the edges of the surface pits on AlGaN surfaces are main reasons for small-scale compositional fluctuations and the phase separation in the spectrum. Combining with in-situ confocal photoluminescence spectra, high spatially resolved surface potential image by single-pass Kelvin force probe microscopy is an effective method to characterize the phase separation on AlGaN surface on a nanoscale.

An integrated OCO reactor with two side-ditch separators based on the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) process was developed for municipal wastewater treatment in this study. The effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total nitrogen (C/N) in the influent were investigated for optimization, in order to achieve the removal of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and COD in the reactor simultaneously. When the DO concentration of 2.0 mg/L in the aerobic zone, HRT of 12 h and C/N ratio of 8:1 were applied in the reactor, the superior removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP reached 96%, 81% and 92%, respectively. The modification in integrated OCO system was characterized by the mixing of the liquid refluxed from anoxic and aerobic zones with the influent in the anaerobic zone. And the risk of activated sludge bulking was decreased successfully by enhancing phosphorus removal without any chemical auxiliary methods. Quite precise prediction results with the correlation coefficients (R) of 0.9584-0.9948 were forecasted by the back-propagation neural network model. All the results indicated that the integrated OCO process is able to remove TN, TP and COD in a reactor simultaneously.

Neutrophil recruitment, mediated by β2 integrins, combats pyogenic infections but also plays a key role in ischemia-reperfusion injury and other inflammatory disorders. Talin induces allosteric rearrangements in integrins that increase affinity for ligands (activation). Talin also links integrins to actin and other proteins that enable formation of adhesions. Structural studies have identified a talin1 mutant (L325R) that perturbs activation without impairing talin's capacity to link integrins to actin and other proteins. Here, we found that mice engineered to express only talin1(L325R) in myeloid cells were protected from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dissection of neutrophil function in vitro and in vivo revealed that talin1(L325R) neutrophils had markedly impaired chemokine-induced, β2 integrin-mediated arrest, spreading, and migration. Surprisingly, talin1(L325R) neutrophils exhibited normal selectin-induced, β2 integrin-mediated slow rolling, in sharp contrast to the defective slow rolling of neutrophils lacking talin1 or expressing a talin1 mutant (W359A) that blocks talin interaction with integrins. These studies reveal the importance of talin-mediated activation of integrins for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. They further show that neutrophil arrest requires talin recruitment to and activation of integrins. However, although neutrophil slow rolling requires talin recruitment to integrins, talin-mediated integrin activation is dispensable.

The hydraulic steel gate, due to its specific operating environment, the corrosion is a major factor that causes its degradation. In this paper, by the sem and Tensile testing machine, according to the experimental study on the material of existing hydraulic steel gate structure, its chemical composition and mechanical index can be tested, and the reasons of hydraulic steel gate components resistance degradation can also be obtained. The results show that: the chemical composition and mechanical index of the hydraulic steel gate do not change; the main reason of the structural resistance degradation is that the corrosion causes decrease of structural stress area, when the structural resistance is less than the load effect, the structure is in failed state, and structural reliability will be reduced. Keywords-hydraulic steel gate; chemical composition; mechanics index

In the present study, 98 cases of acute leukemias (AL) were diagnosed and classified based on morphologic, immunologic and cytogenetic (MIC) features to assess their diagnostic value in AL. The results showed that: the conformity rate of cytomorphologic/cytochemical classification with MIC classification was 90.8%. For ALL, the conformity rate of immunologic classification with MIC classification was 95.6% while it was only 70.8% for AML. Of the 48 AML, 10 expressed lymphoid-lineage-associated antigens and 8 of 43 ALL expressed myeloid-lineage-associated antigens. Seven cases were diagnosed as hybrid acute leukemia according to Catovsky’s scoring criterion. The clonal chromosomal aberrations were found in 70 cases, of them 46 cases showed characteristic changes including t(9; 22), t(4; 11), t(11; 14), t(8; 12), t(8; 14), 6q-, 9p- and t(15; 17), t(8; 21), inv(16), etc. These data suggested that MIC classification of acute leukemias could provide more diagnostic and biologic information than traditional FAB classification.