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Lan Gao,1,&ast; Rui Yang,2,&ast; Hong-Zhen Fan,1 Lei-Lei Wang,1 Yan-Li Zhao,1 Shu-Ping Tan,1 Chun-Ling Xiao,1 Shuang-Jiang Zhou1 1Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chun-Ling Xiao; Shuang-Jiang Zhou, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 10096, People’s Republic of China, Email xiaocl2002@163.com; zhoushuangjiang@126.comPurpose: To explore the correlation between aggressive behavior and impulsive and aggressive personality traits in inpatients with schizophrenia.Methods: In total, 367 inpatients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups: the aggressive group and the non-aggressive group. We assessed inpatients’ psychotic symptoms as well as their aggressive and impulsive personality traits using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire.Results: Compared with the scores of inpatients in the non-aggressive group, the total Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, subscale, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale behavioral factor scores in those in the aggressive group were higher (p < 0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that a high Positive and Negative Symptom Scale positive factor score (odds ratio = 1.07) and a high Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire physical aggression score (odds ratio = 1.02) were risk factors for aggressive behavior.Conclusion: Hospitalized patients with schizophrenia with more severe positive symptoms and aggressive traits may be more prone to aggressive behavior.Keywords: schizophrenia, aggressive behavior, impulsivity trait, aggressive trait, stable patients

Few researchers have investigated the incidence of and risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) among inpatients with mental disorders in a general hospital.This study included patients with mental disorders hospitalized in a large mental health center (situated in a general hospital) between January 1, 2017, and July 31, 2021 (excluding January 1, 2020- May 31, 2020). Risk factors for HAP were identified by logistic regression analysis after propensity score matching (PSM, 1:4) for gender, age, duration of observation, and hospital ward.The study included 16,864 patients. HAP incidence rate was 1.15% overall, 2.11% in closed wards, 0.75% in open wards, 4.45% in patients with organic mental disorders, 1.80% in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and 0.84% in patients with mood disorders. Risk factors for HAP after PSM were hypoproteinemia, chronic liver disease, use of clozapine, hospitalization during the previous 180 days, body mass index (BMI) ≤18.5 kg/mHAP was common among inpatients with mental disorders. Risk factors for HAP in patients with mental disorders include hypoproteinemia, chronic liver disease, hospitalization during the past 180 days, BMI ≤18.5 kg/m

The recently proposed learned bloom filter (LBF) opens a new perspective on how to reconstruct bloom filters with machine learning. However, the LBF has a massive time cost and does not apply to multidimensional spatial data. In this paper, we propose a prefix-based and adaptive learned bloom filter (PA-LBF) for spatial data, which efficiently supports the insertion and deletion. The proposed PA-LBF is divided into three parts: (1) the prefix-based classification. The Z-order space-filling curve is used to extract data, prefix it, and classify it. (2) The adaptive learning process. The multiple independent adaptive sub-LBFs are designed to train the suffixes of data, combined with part 1, to reduce the false positive rate (FPR), query, and learning process time consumption. (3) The backup filter uses CBF. Two kinds of backup CBF are constructed to meet the situation of different insertion and deletion frequencies. Experimental results prove the validity of the theory and show that the PA-LBF reduces the FPR by 84.87%, 79.53%, and 43.01% with the same memory usage compared with the LBF on three real-world spatial datasets. Moreover, the time consumption of PA-LBF can be reduced to 5 × and 2.05 × that of the LBF on the query and learning process, respectively.

Renal tubular injury is the main feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We intend to investigate the function and related mechanisms of lncRNA SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) in high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs).To construct diabetes models, the human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells were treated with HG (30 mM), and mice were injected with streptozotocin. The levels of intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by dihydroethidium staining and MitoSox staining. The cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Urinary ACR, and oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were detected by relevant kits. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization staining, RNA-pull down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) were also executed.Levels of SOX2OT and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) were down-regulated in HG-cultured HK-2 cells. Overexpressing SOX2OT reduced intracellular and mitochondrial ROS levels and cell apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, SOX2OT overexpression also reduced serum creatinine, BUN, urinary ACR, 8-OHdG, renal tubular injury markers KIM1 and NGAL, ROS levels, and cell apoptosis in vivo. In addition, SOX2OT promoted SIRT1 expression by suppressing its ubiquitination. Besides, interference with SIRT1 reversed the inhibitory effect of SOX2OT overexpression on HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Forkhead box A2 (Foxa2) levels were up-regulated in HG-cultured HK-2 cells. Foxa2 could bind to the SOX2OT promoter and suppress its expression. Furthermore, interfering with SOX2OT reversed the inhibitory effect of Foxa2 interference on HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.Foxa2-mediated SOX2OT up-regulation reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis of RTECs by promoting SIRT1 expression, thus alleviating the progression of DN. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

By facile calcination, we successfully prepared CDs@MOF composites via self-carbonization in defect-containing MOFs, achieving photoluminescence fine tuning and effective sensing of picric acid.

This study aimed to measure the patient safety culture and the current practice of patient safety goals in China.This cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2020 and November 2021. The 12-dimensions Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire and the 14-items Survey on the Current Practice of Patient Safety Goal questionnaire were electronically distributed to 8164 healthcare providers across 26 provinces in China. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multivariate linear regression.A total of 8164 surveys were received, of which 7765 were valid and analyzed. The average positive response rate for the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture survey was 69.68% (43.41%-91.54%). The percentage of positive responses in 5 dimensions (organizational learning, teamwork within units, feedback about error, management support for safety, and teamwork across units) was above the control limits, and 3 (nonpunitive response to error, staffing, and frequency of event reporting) were below the control limits. The average positive response rate for the Survey on the Current Practice of Patient Safety Goal survey was 96.11%. Patient safety culture was positively related to the current practice of patient safety goals ( r = 0.34, P0.001).Our study concludes that although healthcare providers in China feel positively toward patient safety culture and practicably toward patient safety goals, considerable work is still needed to promote a patient safety movement.

TO explore the changes of rhizosphere soil bacterial community of Rosa rugosa "Fenghua", Rosa rugosa cv. Plena and Rosa rugosa "Zizhi" in different seasons, the Illumina Miseq sequencing and the correlation network analysis of dominant flora was used. The results showed that the bacterial communities were mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, with Sphingomonas, GP6, GP4, Novosphingobium, Wps-1_genera_incertae_sedis, and Massilia as the dominant genera. The correlation network analysis showed that, as the dominant group with the highest relative abundance, Sphingomonas had a significant positive correlation with Gemmatimonas, Aridibacter, GP3, GP4, and Flavisolibacter, and a significant negative correlation with Solirubrobacter, indicating that it could work synergistically with a variety of microorganisms to contribute to soil metabolism and the growth and development of roses. The results revealed the diversity of microbial structures in the rhizosphere soil of Rosa rugosa "Fenghua", Rosa rugosa cv. Plena and Rosa rugosa "Zizhi", and this will provide a theoretical basis for exploring the change rules of microbial communities, screening and utilizing beneficial microorganisms, and maintaining the growth and development of roses. KEY POINTS: • Variations from season to season significantly affected the bacterial community structure. • There was less variability in the bacterial community structure between rose varieties. • Sphingomonas was the dominant bacterium in all seasons.

To preoperatively predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with cervical nonsquamous cell carcinoma (non-SCC) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis.This retrospective study included 104 consecutive patients (mean age of 47.2 ± 11.3 years) with stage IB-IIA cervical non-SCC. According to the ratio of 7:3, 72, and 32 patients were randomly divided into the training and testing cohorts. A total of 272 original features were extracted. In the process of feature selection, features with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) less than 0.8 were eliminated. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to reduce redundancy, overfitting, and selection biases. Further, a support vector machine (SVM) with linear kernel function was applied to select the optimal feature set with a high discrimination power.The T2WI + DWI-based, T2WI + DWI + CE-T1WI-based and T2WI + DWI + LNS-MRI (LN status on MRI)-based SVM models yielded an AUC and accuracy of 0.78 and 0.79; 0.79 and 0.69; 0.79 and 0.81 for predicting LNM in the training cohort, and 0.82 and 0.78; 0.82 and 0.69; 0.79 and 0.72 in the testing cohort. The T2WI + DWI-based, T2WI + DWI + CE-T1WI-based and T2WI + DWI + LNS-MRI-based SVM models performed better than morphologic criteria of LNS-MRI and yield similar discrimination abilities in predicting LNM in the training and testing cohorts (all p-value0.05). In addition, the T2WI + DWI-based and T2WI + DWI + LNS-MRI-based SVM models showed robust performance in the AC and ASC subgroups (all p-value0.05).The T2WI + DWI-based, T2WI + DWI + CE-T1WI-based and T2WI+DWI+LNS-MRI-based SVM models showed similar good discrimination ability and performed better than the morphologic criteria of LNS-MRI in predicting LNM in patients with cervical non-SCC. The inclusion of the CE-T1WI sequence and morphologic criteria of LNS-MRI did not significantly improve the performance of the T2WI + DWI-based model. The T2WI + DWI-based and T2WI + DWI + LNS-MRI-based SVM models showed robust performance in the subgroup analysis.

For the greater utilization of β-carotene in antioxidant material, β-carotene-loaded emulsion stabilized by alkali lignin (AL) was successfully electrospinning with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) (PVA/AL/β-carotene nanofiber). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the core-shell structure of nanofiber with the average diameter being 356.31 nm, and 85.7 % of β-carotene was effectively encapsulated into the core section. Fourier transform infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry revealed the good compatibility and decreased crystallinity of β-carotene, favoring its stability and solubility, respectively. As expected, the PVA/AL/β-carotene nanofiber exhibited higher antioxidant activity than free β-carotene due to the protection of AL matrix and the special structure of nanofiber, as the DPPH free radical scavenging rate being 90.7 % at 7th day. The sustained release behavior of β-carotene and AL from fiber followed Fickian diffusion model, contributing to the greater protection for fish oil than that of emulsion. Thus, this study provides an approach to develop hydrophobic compounds-loaded emulsion electrospun antioxidant material with controlled release property and enhanced activity.

Spatially localized deformation components are very useful for shape analysis and synthesis in 3D geometry processing. Several methods have recently been developed, with an aim to extract intuitive and interpretable deformation components. However, these techniques suffer from fundamental limitations especially for meshes with noise or large-scale nonlinear deformations, and may not always be able to identify important deformation components. In this paper we propose a mesh-based variational autoencoder architecture that is able to cope with meshes with irregular connectivity and nonlinear deformations, assuming that the analyzed dataset contains meshes with the same vertex connectivity, which is common for deformation analysis. To help localize deformations, we introduce sparse regularization in this framework, along with spectral graph convolutional operations. Through modifying the regularization formulation and allowing dynamic change of sparsity ranges, we improve the visual quality and reconstruction ability of the extracted deformation components. Our system also provides a nonlinear approach to reconstruction of meshes using the extracted basis, which is more effective than the current linear combination approach. As an important application of localized deformation components and a novel approach on its own, we further develop a neural shape editing method, achieving shape editing and deformation component extraction in a unified framework, and ensuring plausibility of the edited shapes. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for neural shape editing.

Sudden cardiac death, arising from abnormal electrical conduction, occurs frequently in patients with coronary heart disease. Myocardial ischemia simultaneously induces arrhythmia and massive myocardial leukocyte changes. In this study, we optimized a mouse model in which hypokalemia combined with myocardial infarction triggered spontaneous ventricular tachycardia in ambulatory mice, and we showed that major leukocyte subsets have opposing effects on cardiac conduction. Neutrophils increased ventricular tachycardia via lipocalin-2 in mice, whereas neutrophilia associated with ventricular tachycardia in patients. In contrast, macrophages protected against arrhythmia. Depleting recruited macrophages in Ccr2−/− mice or all macrophage subsets with Csf1 receptor inhibition increased both ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Higher arrhythmia burden and mortality in Cd36−/− and Mertk−/− mice, viewed together with reduced mitochondrial integrity and accelerated cardiomyocyte death in the absence of macrophages, indicated that receptor-mediated phagocytosis protects against lethal electrical storm. Thus, modulation of leukocyte function provides a potential therapeutic pathway for reducing the risk of sudden cardiac death.

Quantitative characterization of the pore structure in tight reservoir can provide basic parameters for the evaluation of the reservoir quality. By using the cast thin-section petrography, scanning electron microscopy, mercury injection capillary pressure, and constant-rate mercury injection, we have evaluated the distribution characteristics of pore throat and its contribution to permeability. In addition, we have established the relationship between different pore-throat structure parameters and reservoir physical, which provides theoretical support for reservoir evaluation of the He-8 Member in the study area. The results indicate that the pore structure exerts a great control on the quality of the reservoir. Large pore throats (>0.15 μm) are the main contributors to the high seepage capacity of the reservoir. Throat radius, throat distribution, and pore-throat ratio are the key factors controlling the quality of tight reservoir. The He-8 Member of the Upper Paleozoic in the study area is dominated by tight reservoirs, accompanied by a small number of conventional reservoirs.

Cyclotoma nigrithorax sp. nov. (Figs 1A–C, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁, CHINA: SICHUAN: ‘China. Sichuan, Mianyang, Yangmaxia, N32°5′48″, E104°56′32″, 810 m, 2021.X.1, leg. Ling-Xiao Chang’ (NNHMC). PARATYPES: CHINA: SICHUAN: 9 ♁♁ 5 &female;&female;, same collecting data as holotype (NNHMC); 23 ♁♁, ‘ China. Sichuan, Pingwuxian, Doukouzhen, Jinbao, 980 m, leg. Hao Xu & Xin-Yuan Zhang’ (MYNU). Diagnosis. Cyclotoma nigrithorax sp. nov. resembles C. formosana, C. indiana, C. parvimaculata, C. simianshanensis sp. nov., and C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. in appearance. However, the black pronotum and ventral surfaces except for elytral epipleura can separate it from all these similar species. In addition, C. nigrithorax sp. nov. differs from C. formosana in the femora uniformly black (vs. femora near apical 1/2 black); from C. indiana in antennomere 4 distinctly shorter than antennomere 3 (vs. antennomere 4 elongate, hardly shorter than antennomere 3); from C. parvimaculata in three lateral elytral spots visible dorsally (vs. barely visible dorsally); antennomere 4 distinctly longer than antennomere 5 (vs. antennomere 4 nearly as long as antennomere 5); from C. simianshanensis sp. nov. in antennomere 4 distinctly longer than antennomere 5 (vs. antennomere 4 slightly longer than antennomere 5); from C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. by the antenna uniformly brownish-black (vs. antennomeres 1–9 yellowish-brown, club brownish-black); antennomere 4 distinctly shorter than antennomere 3 (vs. antennomere 4 elongate, hardly shorter than antennomere 3). Description. Male (Figs 1A–B, 2A). Length 4.6–6.6 mm; body 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide; height 2.4–3.4 mm, about 0.5 times as high as long, smooth, strongly shiny. Dorsal surfaces yellowish-brown with head, pronotum, scutellum, suture, leg, spots on pronotum and on elytra black; ventral surfaces black with elytral epipleura yellowish-brown. Antenna 11-segmented with scape long and stout, 4.0 times longer than pedicel; antennomere 2 distinctly longer than wide, antennomere 3 about as long as antennomere 4 and 5 combined; antennomere 4 longer than wide, and distinctly longer than antennomere 5; antennomeres 6–8 quadrate; club almost as long as remaining antennomeres combined; terminal antennomeres twice as long as wide. Maxilla with terminal palpomere elongate, weakly tapering towards apex, truncate apically. Pronotum 1.0– 1.4 mm long, 2.0– 3.2 mm wide; about 0.4–0.5 times as long as wide; anterior and lateral edges very narrowly bordered; disc weakly convex. Pronotal surface polished between punctures, punctation rather dense and moderately coarse. Prosternal process widely separates front coxae, about 1.2 times as wide as longest coxal diameter and narrower than intercoxal process of mesoventrite, widening behind front coxae; sides weakly curved outwardly, rounded at apex. Elytra 4.4–6.0 mm long, 4.1–5.6 mm wide; 1.1 times as long as wide; 4.3–4.4 times longer than pronotum, 1.8–2.1 times wider than pronotum; sides abruptly converging from about half-length towards apex; each elytron with seven black spots of different size and shape (one humeral, three near lateral margin, three sutural); sutural spots with inner margin sometimes touching elytral suture; three lateral spots with outer margin distant from lateral margin of elytra; the first lateral spots smallest and from dorsal view barely visible. Humeri moderately prominent; elytral surface polished between punctures, punctation as large as pronotal ones, rather dense and moderately coarse. Ventrite 1 with lines bordering edge of coxal cavity extending posteriorly (Fig. 3A); ventrite 5 weakly curved at apex. Aedeagus (Fig. 4A) long, thin, curved, curled at its base; tegmen located in apical 1/4 with large, submembranous, tegminal plate with length reaching nearly basal 1/6 of aedeagus. Female. Habitus (Fig. 1C) similar to males. Elytra with sides gently and widely converging posteriad in apical 1/3; ventrite 5 truncate at apex. Etymology. The name refers to the black thorax; noun in nominative case standing in apposition. Distribution. China: Sichuan. Biology and ecology. The adults were collected by simple searching from a large pile of dead wood in the day (Fig. 5). The adults have the habit of feigning death. Remarks. Live or fresh specimens were observed with milky white elytra which gradually turned yellowish brown after drying. This species was also recognized as undescribed by Mr. Yu-Tang Wang (Mianyang Normal University).

Cyclotoma simianshanensis sp. nov. (Figs 1D–F, 2B, 3B, 4B, 6) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁, CHINA: CHONGQING: ‘China. Chongqing, Jiangjin, Simianshan, 1100 m, 2011.VII.27, leg. Hao Xu & Jian-Yue Qiu’ (MYNU). PARATYPES: CHINA: CHONGQING: 3 ♁♁ 2 &female;&female;, same collecting data as holotype (NNHMC); 4 ♁♁, ditto except ‘Simianshan, Dawopu’ (NNHMC). Diagnosis. Cyclotoma simianshanensis sp. nov. resembles C. formosana, C. indiana, C. parvimaculata, and C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. in the four spots on pronotum, seven spots on each elytron. But it can be differentiated from C. formosana in the femora uniformly black (vs. femora near apical 1/2 black); from C. indiana in antennomere 4 distinctly shorter than antennomere 3 and slightly longer than 5 (vs. antennomere 4 elongate, hardly shorter than antennomere 3 and distinctly longer than 5); from C. parvimaculata in the three lateral elytral spots visible dorsally (vs. barely visible dorsally); abdominal ventrite 1 with lines bordering edge of coxal cavity simple (vs. lines bordering edge extending posteriorly); from C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. in the antenna uniformly brownish-black (vs. antennomeres 1–9 yellowish-brown, club brownish-black); ventrite 1 with black spots (vs. ventrites 1–3 with black spots). Description. Male (Figs 1D–E, 2B). Length 5.9–6.8 mm; body 1.2–1.3 times longer than wide; height 3.1–3.7 mm, about 0.5 times as high as long, smooth, strongly shiny. Dorsal surfaces yellowish-brown with scutellum, suture, spots on pronotum and on elytra black; leg and antenna dark brown; ventral surfaces yellowish-brown. Antenna 11-segmented with scape long and stout, 3.0 times longer than pedicel; antennomere 2 near quadrate, antennomere 3 longer than antennomere 4; antennomere 4 longer than antennomere 5; antennomere 5 longer than wide; antennomeres 6–8 transverse and subequal in length; club almost as long as remaining antennomeres combined. Maxilla with terminal palpomere longer than wide, tapering apically. Pronotum 1.1–1.4 mm long, 2.7–3.3 mm wide; about 0.4–0.6 times as long as wide; with four similar, circular black spots; two smaller lateral spots and two larger spots in middle; anterior and lateral edges very narrowly bordered; disc weakly convex. Pronotal surface polished between punctures, punctation rather dense and moderately coarse. Prosternal process widely separates front coxae, about 1.2 times as wide as longest coxal diameter and narrower than intercoxal process of mesoventrite, widening behind front coxae; sides weakly curved, rounded at apex. Elytra 5.2–6.0 mm long, 4.8–5.7 mm wide; 1.1 times as long as wide; 4.0–4.7 times longer than pronotum, 1.7–1.8 times wider than pronotum; sides abruptly converging from about half-length towards apex; each elytron with seven black spots of different size and shape (one humeral, three near lateral margin, three sutural); sutural spots with inner margin not touching elytral suture; three lateral spots with outer margin distant from lateral margin of elytra. Humeri moderately prominent; elytral surface polished between punctures, punctation as large as pronotal ones, rather dense and moderately coarse. Ventrite 1 with lines bordering edge of coxal cavity simple (Fig. 3B); two transverse black spots in middle; ventrite 5 nearly truncate at apex. Aedeagus (Fig. 4B) long, thin, strongly curved, curled at its base; tegmen located in apical 1/3 with large, submembranous, tegminal plate with length reaching nearly basal 1/6 of aedeagus. Female. Habitus (Fig. 1F) similar to males. Elytra with sides gently and widely converging posteriad in apical 1/3. Etymology. The name refers to the type locality, Simianshan Mt., Chongqing, China; adjective. Biology and ecology. The adults were found during the day gathered on fungi and lichens growing on the surface of a rock (Figs 6B, C). The adults have the habit of feigning death or thanatosis (Fig. 6D). As many other genera of handsome fungus beetles, they display reflex bleeding from the tibiofemoral joints when a small amount of milky white liquid can be seen overflowing (Fig. 6D). Distribution. China: Chongqing., Published as part of Chang, Ling-Xiao & Ren, Guo-Dong, 2023, New and little-known species of the genus Cyclotoma from China (Coleoptera: Endomychidae), pp. 177-185 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 63 (1) on pages 178-184, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2023.009, http://zenodo.org/record/8109026, {"references":["CHUJO M. 1938: Some additions and revisions to the Japanese Endomychidae (Coleoptera). Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa 28: 394 - 406."]}

Cyclotoma nigrithorax sp. nov. (Figs 1A–C, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁, CHINA: SICHUAN: ‘China. Sichuan, Mianyang, Yangmaxia, N32°5′48″, E104°56′32″, 810 m, 2021.X.1, leg. Ling-Xiao Chang’ (NNHMC). PARATYPES: CHINA: SICHUAN: 9 ♁♁ 5 &female;&female;, same collecting data as holotype (NNHMC); 23 ♁♁, ‘ China. Sichuan, Pingwuxian, Doukouzhen, Jinbao, 980 m, leg. Hao Xu & Xin-Yuan Zhang’ (MYNU). Diagnosis. Cyclotoma nigrithorax sp. nov. resembles C. formosana, C. indiana, C. parvimaculata, C. simianshanensis sp. nov., and C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. in appearance. However, the black pronotum and ventral surfaces except for elytral epipleura can separate it from all these similar species. In addition, C. nigrithorax sp. nov. differs from C. formosana in the femora uniformly black (vs. femora near apical 1/2 black); from C. indiana in antennomere 4 distinctly shorter than antennomere 3 (vs. antennomere 4 elongate, hardly shorter than antennomere 3); from C. parvimaculata in three lateral elytral spots visible dorsally (vs. barely visible dorsally); antennomere 4 distinctly longer than antennomere 5 (vs. antennomere 4 nearly as long as antennomere 5); from C. simianshanensis sp. nov. in antennomere 4 distinctly longer than antennomere 5 (vs. antennomere 4 slightly longer than antennomere 5); from C. yingjiangensis sp. nov. by the antenna uniformly brownish-black (vs. antennomeres 1–9 yellowish-brown, club brownish-black); antennomere 4 distinctly shorter than antennomere 3 (vs. antennomere 4 elongate, hardly shorter than antennomere 3). Description. Male (Figs 1A–B, 2A). Length 4.6–6.6 mm; body 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide; height 2.4–3.4 mm, about 0.5 times as high as long, smooth, strongly shiny. Dorsal surfaces yellowish-brown with head, pronotum, scutellum, suture, leg, spots on pronotum and on elytra black; ventral surfaces black with elytral epipleura yellowish-brown. Antenna 11-segmented with scape long and stout, 4.0 times longer than pedicel; antennomere 2 distinctly longer than wide, antennomere 3 about as long as antennomere 4 and 5 combined; antennomere 4 longer than wide, and distinctly longer than antennomere 5; antennomeres 6–8 quadrate; club almost as long as remaining antennomeres combined; terminal antennomeres twice as long as wide. Maxilla with terminal palpomere elongate, weakly tapering towards apex, truncate apically. Pronotum 1.0– 1.4 mm long, 2.0– 3.2 mm wide; about 0.4–0.5 times as long as wide; anterior and lateral edges very narrowly bordered; disc weakly convex. Pronotal surface polished between punctures, punctation rather dense and moderately coarse. Prosternal process widely separates front coxae, about 1.2 times as wide as longest coxal diameter and narrower than intercoxal process of mesoventrite, widening behind front coxae; sides weakly curved outwardly, rounded at apex. Elytra 4.4–6.0 mm long, 4.1–5.6 mm wide; 1.1 times as long as wide; 4.3–4.4 times longer than pronotum, 1.8–2.1 times wider than pronotum; sides abruptly converging from about half-length towards apex; each elytron with seven black spots of different size and shape (one humeral, three near lateral margin, three sutural); sutural spots with inner margin sometimes touching elytral suture; three lateral spots with outer margin distant from lateral margin of elytra; the first lateral spots smallest and from dorsal view barely visible. Humeri moderately prominent; elytral surface polished between punctures, punctation as large as pronotal ones, rather dense and moderately coarse. Ventrite 1 with lines bordering edge of coxal cavity extending posteriorly (Fig. 3A); ventrite 5 weakly curved at apex. Aedeagus (Fig. 4A) long, thin, curved, curled at its base; tegmen located in apical 1/4 with large, submembranous, tegminal plate with length reaching nearly basal 1/6 of aedeagus. Female. Habitus (Fig. 1C) similar to males. Elytra with sides gently and widely converging posteriad in apical 1/3; ventrite 5 truncate at apex. Etymology. The name refers to the black thorax; noun in nominative case standing in apposition. Distribution. China: Sichuan. Biology and ecology. The adults were collected by simple searching from a large pile of dead wood in the day (Fig. 5). The adults have the habit of feigning death. Remarks. Live or fresh specimens were observed with milky white elytra which gradually turned yellowish brown after drying. This species was also recognized as undescribed by Mr. Yu-Tang Wang (Mianyang Normal University)., Published as part of Chang, Ling-Xiao & Ren, Guo-Dong, 2023, New and little-known species of the genus Cyclotoma from China (Coleoptera: Endomychidae), pp. 177-185 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 63 (1) on page 178, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2023.009, http://zenodo.org/record/8109026

We propose an alternative scenario for the axion misalignment mechanism based on the nontrivial interplay between the axion and a light dilaton in the early universe. Dark matter abundance is still sourced by the initial misalignment of the axion field, whose motion along the potential kicks the dilaton field away from its minimum, and dilaton starts to oscillate later with a delayed onset time for oscillation and a relatively large misalignment value due to the kick; eventually the dilaton dominates over the axion in their energy densities, and the dilaton is identified as dark matter. The kick effect due to axion motion is the most significant if the initial field value of dilaton is near its minimum; therefore, we call this scenario axion free-kick misalignment mechanism, where axion plays the role similar to a football player. Dark matter abundance can be obtained with a lower axion decay constant compared to the conventional misalignment mechanism., Comment: v2: 5+3 pages, 4 figures, references added, typo fixed, some improvements, results unchanged

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and the risk factors associated with severe laryngomalacia in children.Methods In this study, the clinical data of children (0–18 years), including gender, age at presentation, preterm delivery, low birth weight, delivery mode, feeding mode, fetal delivery, medical comorbidities, maternal gestational age at presentation, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy, diagnosed with laryngomalacia between January 2013 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into mild-moderate and severe groups. Several risk factors were compared and analyzed between the two groups. The statistically significant risk factors were included in the logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 224 children with severe laryngomalacia were enrolled in this study. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.55: 1. All patients had severe laryngomalacia manifested by inspiratory laryngeal stridor. The average age of patients at symptom presentation was 2.7 (1.5–5.2) months. There were significant differences between the two groups in the age at presentation, premature delivery, low birth weight, medical comorbidities, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy (P ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that premature delivery (OR = 3.177, 95% CI:2.329–4.334), low birth weight (OR = 3.188, 95%CI:2.325–4.370), and medical comorbidities (OR = 1.434, 95% CI:1.076–1.909) were independent risk factors for severe laryngomalacia (P ).Conclusion Children with severe laryngomalacia exhibited persistent stridor at an earlier age at presentation. Premature delivery, low birth weight, and medical comorbidities were potential risk factors for severe laryngomalacia in children.

ObjectiveBile reflux plays a key role in the development of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), an independent risk factor of gastric cancer. Here, we aimed to explore the biological mechanism of GIM induced by bile reflux in a rat model.MethodsRats were treated with 2% sodium salicylate and allowed to freely drink 20 mmol/L sodium deoxycholate for 12 weeks, and GIM was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Gastric microbiota was profiled according to the 16S rDNA V3–V4 region, gastric transcriptome was sequenced, and serum bile acids (BAs) were analyzed by targeted metabolomics. Spearman's correlation analysis was used in constructing the network among gastric microbiota, serum BAs, and gene profiles. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) measured the expression levels of nine genes in the gastric transcriptome.ResultsIn the stomach, deoxycholic acid (DCA) decreased the microbial diversity but promoted the abundances of several bacterial genera, such as Limosilactobacillus, Burkholderia–Caballeronia–Paraburkholderia, and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group. Gastric transcriptome showed that the genes enriched in gastric acid secretion were significantly downregulated, whereas the genes enriched in fat digestion and absorption were obviously upregulated in GIM rats. The GIM rats had four promoted serum BAs, namely cholic acid (CA), DCA, taurocholic acid, and taurodeoxycholic acid. Further correlation analysis showed that the Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group was significantly positively correlated with DCA and RGD1311575 (capping protein-inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics), and RGD1311575 was positively correlated with Fabp1 (fatty acid-binding protein, liver), a key gene involved in fat digestion and absorption. Finally, the upregulated expression of Dgat1 (diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1) and Fabp1 related to fat digestion and absorption was identified by RT-PCR and IHC.ConclusionDCA-induced GIM enhanced gastric fat digestion and absorption function and impaired gastric acid secretion function. The DCA–Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group–RGD1311575/Fabp1 axis might play a key role in the mechanism of bile reflux-related GIM.

ObjectivesChildhood trauma (CT) is a known risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), but the mechanisms linking CT and MDD remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of CT and depression diagnosis on the subregions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in MDD patients.MethodsThe functional connectivity (FC) of ACC subregions was evaluated in 60 first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients (40 with moderate-to-severe and 20 with no or low CT), and 78 healthy controls (HC) (19 with moderate-to-severe and 59 with no or low CT). The correlations between the anomalous FC of ACC subregions and the severity of depressive symptoms and CT were investigated.ResultsIndividuals with moderate-to severe CT exhibited increased FC between the caudal ACC and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) than individuals with no or low CT, regardless of MDD diagnosis. MDD patients showed lower FC between the dorsal ACC and the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and MFG. They also showed lower FC between the subgenual/perigenual ACC and the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and angular gyrus (ANG) than the HCs, regardless of CT severity. The FC between the left caudal ACC and the left MFG mediated the correlation between the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) total score and HAMD-cognitive factor score in MDD patients.ConclusionFunctional changes of caudal ACC mediated the correlation between CT and MDD. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neuroimaging mechanisms of CT in MDD.

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PDF file - 108K, Hierarchical clustering of microRNA expression profiles in three group comparisons. A total of 581 microRNAs were identified via Hiseq sequencing

PDF file - 144K, Eligibility criteria for selection of the subjects

Background Methotrexate is an anticancer drug from the antimetabolite class. It is also used in gynecology and obstetrics for the medical treatment of ectopic pregnancies. Low-dose methotrexate-induced adverse toxic effects are rare. We report a case of toxic effect associated with severe renal insufficiency induced by LD-MTX (Low-Dose Methotrexate) for ectopic pregnancy. Case presentation A 46-year-old Chinese woman was in an operation for an ectopic pregnancy of tubal interstitial pregnancy. The embryo villus was so little that we were not sure if it was evacuated, then it was followed with 50 mg methotrexate injection of intramuscular adjacent the uterine horn in the operation. 48 hour later after injection the patient presented with renal failure. The personalized genetic testing showed that MTHFR (677C > T) and ABCB1 (3435T > C) were detected. Gradually, the symptoms improved after calcium leucovorin (CF) rescue, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), promoting blood system regeneration, and multiple supportive treatments. Conclusions When toxic effects are suspected, detecting the polymorphisms of an MTHFR gene and monitoring MTX concentration in blood could assist us to formulate individualized and active treatments. The management should be multidisciplinary and as much as possible within an intensive care unit.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe life-threatening disorder with increasing prevalence. However, the mechanistic interplay between depression, neuroinflammation, and autophagy is yet to be demonstrated. This study investigated the effect of Oridonin on CUMS-induced depression, neuroinflammation, and autophagy impairment. Male 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), some of which were injected with Oridonin, fluoxetine (FLX), or their combination at different durations of CUMS. CUMS significantly increased the levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1), reduced autophagy-related protein levels (Beclin-1, p62, Atg5, and LC3B), and caused microglia cells activation. Oridonin prevented and reversed the depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, it has a stronger and longer-lasting antidepressant effect than FLX. And the antidepressant effect of Oridonin in combination with fluoxetine was greater than that of high-dose fluoxetine alone. In addition, Oridonin significantly normalized autophagy-related protein levels, and reduced levels of cytokines by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7. Similarly, Oridonin abolished levels of cytokines and reversed autophagy impairment in LPS-activated BV2 cells. All these results supported our hypothesis that Oridonin possesses potent anti-depressive action, which might be mediated via inhibition of neuroinflammation and autophagy impairment by blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7.