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While a wide variety of astrophysical and cosmological phenomena suggest the presence of Dark Matter, all evidence remains via its gravitational effect on the known matter. As such, it is conceivable that this evidence could be explained by a modification to gravitation or concepts of inertia. Various formulations of modified gravity exist, each giving rise to several non-canonical outcomes. This motivates us to propose experiments searching for departures from (quantum) Newtonian predictions in a bipartite setting with gravitational accelerations $\lesssim 10^{-10}$ m/s$^2$, i.e., where the effective force needs to be stronger than Newtonian to account for the Dark Matter effects. Since quantum particles naturally source weak gravitation, their non-relativistic dynamics offers opportunities to test this small acceleration regime. We show that two nearby quantum particles accumulate significantly larger entanglement in modified gravity models, such as the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). We demonstrate how the temperature can be fine-tuned such that these effects are certified simply by witnessing the entanglement generated from uncorrelated thermal states, eliminating the need for precise noise characterisation. Our second regime of interest is bipartite dynamics in the presence of external gravitational fields. The MOND model does not adhere to the Strong Equivalence Principle, leading to anisotropic mutual attraction dependent on the orientation of the symmetry axis with respect to the external field. We calculate the temporal resolution required to detect this phenomenon on Earth., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

This research aims to investigate how price, service quality, and perceived value affect customer satisfaction among consumers of Telekom Malaysia broadband. This quantitative research distributed an online questionnaire to collect data from 271 current or former customers of Telekom Malaysia Broadband. The findings concluded that service quality and perceived value have significant positive relationships with customer satisfaction, whereas price possesses a significant negative relationship with customer satisfaction. The findings contribute to the continuous improvement on customer satisfaction among consumers of Telekom Malaysia broadband and other telecommunication providers by improving price, service quality, and perceived value.

In this paper we study a Kaluza-Klein bubble-type spacetime with a magnetic field first obtained by Sarbach and Lehner in 2005. It is shown that this solution can be derived via a Harrison transformation of a vacuum Kaluza-Klein bubble, and its physical and geometrical quantities are determined. For certain ranges of the magnetic field parameter, this solution carries negative mass. Furthermore, for a given value of magnetic flux, there exist two branches of solutions, and the branch with lower mass is thermodynamically favoured. In light of these properties we interpret the spacetime as another analogue to the Anti-de Sitter-Melvin solution., Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures

Allelic variation in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism moderates increases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of tau and phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), measured using immunoassay, and cognitive decline in presymptomatic dominantly inherited Alzheimer disease (DIAD). Advances in mass spectrometry show that CSF tau phosphorylation occupancy at threonine 181 and 217 (p-tau181/tau181, p-tau217/tau217) increases with initial β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, while phosphorylation occupancy at threonine 205 (p-tau205/tau205) and level of total tau increase when brain atrophy and clinical symptoms become evident.To determine whether site-specific tau phosphorylation occupancy (ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated tau) is associated with BDNF Val66Met in presymptomatic and symptomatic DIAD.This cross-sectional cohort study included participants from the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) and Aβ-positive cognitively normal older adults in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Data were collected from 2009 through 2018 at multicenter clinical sites in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, with no follow-up. DIAN participants provided a CSF sample and completed clinical and cognitive assessments. Data analysis was conducted between March 2020 and March 2021.Mass spectrometry analysis was used to determine site-specific tau phosphorylation level; tau levels were also measured using immunoassay. Episodic memory and global cognitive composites were computed.Of 374 study participants, 144 were mutation noncarriers, 156 were presymptomatic mutation carriers, and 74 were symptomatic carriers. Of the 527 participants in the network, 153 were excluded because their CSF sample, BDNF status, or both were unavailable. Also included were 125 Aβ-positive cognitively normal older adults in the ADNI. The mean (SD) age of DIAD participants was 38.7 (10.9) years; 43% were women. The mean (SD) age of participants with preclinical sporadic AD was 74.8 (5.6) years; 52% were women. In presymptomatic mutation carriers, compared with Val66 homozygotes, Met66 carriers showed significantly poorer episodic memory (d = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.28-0.95), lower hippocampal volume (d = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.09-0.71), and higher p-tau217/tau217 (d = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.30-0.97), p-tau181/tau181 (d = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.32-0.99), and mass spectrometry total tau (d = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.10-0.76). In symptomatic mutation carriers, Met66 carriers showed significantly poorer global cognition (d = 1.17; 95% CI, 0.65-1.66) and higher p-tau217/tau217 (d = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.05-1.01), mass spectrometry total tau (d = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.28-1.25), and p-tau205/tau205 (d = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.46-1.45), when compared with Val66 homozygotes. In preclinical sporadic AD, Met66 carriers showed poorer episodic memory (d = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.00-0.77) and higher total tau (d = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.07-0.84) and p-tau181 (d = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.07-0.85).In DIAD, clinical disease stage and BDNF Met66 were associated with cognitive impairment and levels of site-specific tau phosphorylation. This suggests that pharmacological strategies designed to increase neurotrophic support in the presymptomatic stages of AD may be beneficial.

In this paper, we study the motion of test particles around two exact charged black-hole solutions in Einstein-��ther theory. Specifically, we first consider the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and their resonances generated by the particle moving in the Einstein-��ther black hole and then turn to study the periodic orbits of the massive particles. For QPOs, we drop the usually adopted assumptions $��_U=��_��$, $��_L=��_r$, and $��_U/��_L=3/2$ with $��_U$ ($��_L$) and $��_r$ ($��_��$) being the upper (lower) frequency of QPOs and radial (vertical) epicyclic frequency of the orbiting particles, respectively. Instead, we put-forward a new working ansatz for which the Keplerian radius is much closer to that of the innermost stable circular orbit and explore in detail the effects of the ��ther field on the frequencies of QPOs. We then realize good curves for the frequencies of QPOs, which fit to data of three microquasars very well by ignoring any effects of rotation and magnetic fields. The innermost stable circular orbits (isco) of timelike particles are also analyzed and we find the isco radius increases with increasing $c_{13}$ for the first type black hole while decreases with increasing $c_{14}$ for the second one. We also obtain several periodic orbits and find that they share similar taxonomy schemes as the periodic equatorial orbits in the Schwarzschild/Kerr metrics, in addition to exact solutions for certain choices of the Einstein-��ther parameters. The equations for null geodesics are also briefly considered, where we study circular photon orbits and bending angles for gravitational lensing., 21 pages, 17 captioned figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D

The recent Opinion article by Cabeza and colleagues (Maintenance, reserve and compensation: the cognitive neuroscience of healthy ageing. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 19, 701–710 (2018))1 provides definitions for reserve and maintenance along with a detailed description of compensatory mechanisms from a cognitive ageing perspective. The article represents a much-needed effort to refine the definitions for various forms of compensation. Nevertheless, the definitions presented by Cabeza et al. for reserve, maintenance and compensation diverge from the ‘whitepaper’ consensus definitions developed by a workgroup of 31 researchers2 in ways that we believe are not ideal in terms of their ability to capture the full extent of the mechanisms underlying individual differences in resilience.

ObjectiveOur objectives were to characterize the inter-relation of known dementia-related neuropathologies in one comprehensive model and quantify the extent to which accumulation of neuropathologies accounts for the association between age and dementia.MethodsWe used data from 1,362 autopsied participants of three community-based clinicopathological cohorts: the Religious Orders Study, the Rush Memory and Aging Project, and the Minority Aging Research Study. We estimated a series of structural equation models summarizing a priori hypothesized neuropathological pathways between age and dementia risk individually and collectively.ResultsAt time of death (mean age, 89 years), 44% of our sample had a clinical dementia diagnosis. When considered individually, our vascular, amyloid/tau, neocortical Lewy body, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)/hippocampal sclerosis pathology pathways each accounted for a substantial proportion of the association between age and dementia. When considered collectively, the four pathways fully accounted for all variance in dementia risk previously attributable to age. Pathways involving amyloid/tau, neocortical Lewy bodies, and TDP-43/hippocampal sclerosis were interdependent, attributable to the importance of amyloid beta plaques in all three. The importance of the pathways varied, with the vascular pathway accounting for 32% of the association between age and dementia, wheraes the remaining three inter-related degenerative pathways together accounted for 68% (amyloid/tau, 24%; the Lewy body, 1%; and TDP-43/hippocampal sclerosis, 43%).InterpretationAge-related increases in dementia risk can be attributed to accumulation of multiple pathologies, each of which contributes to dementia risk. Multipronged approaches may be necessary if we are to develop effective therapies. Ann Neurol 2018;84:10-22.

This paper presents a classifier ensemble for Facial Expression Recognition (FER) based on models derived from transfer learning. The main experimentation work is conducted for facial action unit detection using feature extraction and fine-tuning convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Several classifiers for extracted CNN codes such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) are compared and evaluated. Multi-model ensembles are also used to further improve the performance. We have found that VGG-Face and ResNet are the relatively optimal pre-trained models for action unit recognition using feature extraction and the ensemble of VGG-Net variants and ResNet achieves the best result., Comment: 6 pages, Humanoids 2017 IEEE RAS International Conference workshop Cooperative Autonomous Robot Experience (Presentation)

The field equations for Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity in $D$ dimensions are reduced to an effective one-dimensional system under the influence of exponential potentials. Various cases where exact solutions can be found are explored. With this procedure, we present interesting solutions such as a one-parameter generalisation of the dilaton-Melvin spacetime and a three-parameter solution that interpolates between the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m and Bertotti-Robinson solution. This procedure also allows simple, alternative derivations of known solutions such as the Lifshitz spacetime and the planar Anti-de Sitter naked singularity. In the latter case, the metric is cast in a simpler form which reveals the presence of an additional curvature singularity., Comment: Typos corrected, 20 pages, no figures

One of waste agriculture materials is oil palm shell ash. It has been producing in high quantity in palm oil mill, and for storage of that an investment requires. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analysis effect of oil palm shell ash on compressive and flexural strength of cement mortar. The compressive strength and flexural strength of cement mortar has been measured. To improve accuracy of work 50% cement and 50% fine sand has been proposed in cement mortar mix design. The results have been indicated that the effect of OPS ash on flexural and compressive strength of cement mortar is not same. The deflection, load sustainability and time to failure for compressive strength have independent fluctuation of flexural strength. The positive and negative effect of OPS ash on mechanical properties of cement mortar has been observed. The morphology of crack failure has not been investigated. The work can be continued with many waste agriculture materials. Keywords: waste agriculture, deflection, load sustainability, time to failure.

Fueled by the help of the Internet, more and more tourists nowadays tend to plan trips by themselves in order to have trip plans that meet their preferences and convenience perfectly. However, tourists may face some problems when they plan a trip by themselves, which makes the whole trip planning process challenging and tiring. These problems include extensive tourism information, manually constructing an itinerary for a trip and difficulty in satisfying the needs of all trip participants. Therefore, a web-based trip planning system is proposed in this project to solve all these problems in order to help tourists in planning their desired trips more effectively and efficiently. This system will help users to search for attractions and restaurants in Southeast Asian countries faster by providing filtering and prioritizing features. This system also facilitates the decision-making process of tourists when choosing places to visit and restaurants by utilizing the power of word-of-mouth (reviews). Besides, this system will aid tourists by reducing the need to manually construct the itinerary for a trip. The k-means clustering algorithm will be used to auto-arrange the trip itinerary to ensure places close to each other are arranged to be visited on the same day so that tourists can save on unnecessary transport costs and time. Lastly, this system promotes collaborative trip planning by providing a platform for all the participants in a trip to discuss and plan their trip together.

The original map of mammalian cytochrome P450 (CYP450) residues involved in substrate recognition was prepared for the CYP2 family by Gotoh in 1992 by manual alignment of mammalian CYP450 residues with substrate recognition site (SRS) residues manually delimited from a bacterial cytochrome P450-substrate complex. Using modern structural bioinformatics tools, we have identified CYP450-ligand interactions in mammalian complexes to create a "X-ray structures" SRS map. In a parallel approach, we have built a "docking" SRS map by successful docking of 868 known substrates of 10 mammalian CYP450 isoforms and analysis of contacts made in docking solutions. We subsequently combined these maps to create a unified description of SRSs. The new map largely agrees with the original map by Gotoh with the six original SRS regions appearing in similar locations along the CYP450 sequence as in Gotoh's map. However, important differences also occur: Two new SRS regions appear before SRS1 and we have assigned them as SRS1'a and SRS1'b; SRS1 is much bigger in our map than in Gotoh's (49 aligned positions versus 28); & SRS2 and SRS3 are co-joined in our map to give a single large SRS region (60 aligned positions) we have designated as SRS(2,3), in contrast to the 9 and 10 aligned positions individually covered by SRS2 and SRS3 respectively in Gotoh's original map. These differences result in the SRS zone covering 33 % of the mammalian CYP450 sequence in our map as opposed to 16 % in Gotoh's map.

Background: Compared to Native Born (NB) populations, elevated rates of schizophrenia have been identified in the First-Generation Migrants (FGMs) and Second-Generation Migrants (SGMs) of numerous countries (‘the migration effect’). However, recent data suggest that FGMs have a reduced risk of psychotic illness in Australia. Methods: Study 1 utilised data from the Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank (ASRB) (N= 1528, cases N=714) and Study 2 consisted of 217 participants recruited from the ASRB (cases N=103). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to examine the effects of migrant status and other psychosocial factors on risk of schizophrenia (expressed as odds ratios (OR)). Results: Overall, FGM status was associated with a significantly reduced relative-risk of schizophrenia compared to NB participants (Study 1 OR = 0.53, p0.05). These effects were moderated by cannabis abuse as well as childhood adversity, which were found to strongly predict schizophrenia in Study 1. Experiences of discrimination increased the odds of schizophrenia in Study 2 (OR=1.27, p

A 62-year-old man presented with a 10-day history of painful ulcerated lesions on his tongue and penis. His medical history was remarkable for a low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, which had been treated with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine 1 month earlier. Clinical examination showed a large, deep, and exquisitely tender ulceration on the glans penis, with a purulent exudate (Figure 1). Also, 3 linear superficial erosions were detected on the dorsum of the tongue (Figure 2). Exudate cultures yielded Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin and metronidazole was unable to improve the clinical lesions, which enlarged after a few days. Laboratory evaluation was significant for a severe lymphocytopenia (lymphocytes, 300/μL [to convert to 10/L, multiply by 0.001]). No other cutaneous or extracutaneous signs or symptoms of visceral involvement were detected. Serologic tests were negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Skin biopsy findings are shown in Figure 3. What is your diagnosis?

This paper addresses the data integrity (DI) challenges faced by Intel manufacturing. Critical data missing in fab/sort/assembly/test manufacturing has brought Intel to a risk of shipping escapees to end customers as a consequence of inaccuracy in engineering analysis. This paper will describe about the capability to eliminate the risks of data missing. The capability is an automated solution to track the test DI performance, and effectively assist the DI root-cause tracing and analysis, and finally automate the DI recovery best known methods (BKM) to ensure the robustness of overall data system for all assembly/test factories, varies geography manufacturing site across Intel worldwide.

Background:The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism Met allele exacerbates amyloid (Aβ) related decline in episodic memory (EM) and hippocampal volume (HV) over 36–54 months in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the extent to which Aβ+ and BDNF Val66Met is related to circulating markers of BDNF (e.g. serum) is unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of Aβ and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on levels of serum mBDNF, EM, and HV at baseline and over 18-months.Methods:Non-demented older adults (n = 446) underwent Aβ neuroimaging and BDNF Val66Met genotyping. EM and HV were assessed at baseline and 18 months later. Fasted blood samples were obtained from each participant at baseline and at 18-month follow-up. Aβ PET neuroimaging was used to classify participants as Aβ– or Aβ+.Results:At baseline, Aβ+ adults showed worse EM impairment and lower serum mBDNF levels relative to Aβ- adults. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism did not affect serum mBDNF, EM, or HV at baseline. When considered over 18-months, compared to Aβ– Val homozygotes, Aβ+ Val homozygotes showed significant decline in EM and HV but not serum mBDNF. Similarly, compared to Aβ+ Val homozygotes, Aβ+ Met carriers showed significant decline in EM and HV over 18-months but showed no change in serum mBDNF.Conclusion:While allelic variation in BDNF Val66Met may influence Aβ+ related neurodegeneration and memory loss over the short term, this is not related to serum mBDNF. Longer follow-up intervals may be required to further determine any relationships between serum mBDNF, EM, and HV in preclinical AD.