Search

Two new pseudoscorpion species, Stenohya dongtianensis sp. nov. and S. jiahensis sp. nov., from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, are described and illustrated. An identification key is provided for all known representatives of the genus Stenohya from China.

Stenohya jiahensis sp. nov. (Figures 2, 3B) Type material. Holotype male: China, Guangxi Province, Guilin City, Lingui District, Lingui Town, Jiahe Garden, 25º15.134’ N, 110º12.125’ E, 156 m a.s.l., 18 February 2019, Yun-Chun Li leg., in MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GX-0003). Diagnosis (male, female unknown). This new species is distinguished from other members of the genus Stenohya by the following combination of characters: pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle (many small bulges) and one basal tubercle on prolateral face, hand with 42 tooth-shaped tubercles (retrolateral view). Fixed finger with 94 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 89 teeth. Pedipalpal femur 4.25× longer than broad, length 1.64 mm; chela (with pedicel) 5.19× longer than broad, length 2.93 mm; ratio movable chelal finger/chelal hand (with pedicel) 1.40×. Etymology. Latinised adjective, derived from the type locality, namely Jiahe Garden. Description. Carapace, chelicerae and abdomen brown, remaining parts yellowish brown. Carapace (Fig. 2A): 1.34× longer than broad, with four well-developed eyes; two anterior eyes length 0.11 mm, breadth 0.08 mm; two posterior eyes length 0.09 mm, breadth 0.06 mm; anterior margin with distinct epistome, triangular. Carapace surface with ten lyrifissures. A total of 28 setae, including six on the anterior margin and seven on the posterior margin. Chelicera: Hand with six setae and one or two lyrifissures dorsally, movable finger with one submedial seta; fixed cheliceral finger with nine teeth, movable finger with five teeth (Fig. 2B). Galea divided into two main branches, one of them forked apically. Serrula exterior with about 37 blades and serrula interior with 32, rallum composed of six blades. Pedipalp (Figs 2E–I): pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle (many small bulges) and one basal tubercle on the prolateral face, and six lyrifissures, patella with four lyrifissures, hand with 42 tooth-shaped tubercles basal to fixed chelal finger base (retrolateral view), each tooth-shaped tubercle has a seta at the base (Figs 2F, G). Trochanter 1.94×, femur 4.25×, patella 4.30× longer than broad, femur 1.09× longer than patella. Chela (with pedicel) 5.19×, hand (with pedicel) 2.26× longer than broad; movable chelal finger 1.40× longer than hand (with pedicel) length. Fixed finger with 94 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 89 teeth; venom duct in fixed finger, very short. Fixed chelal finger with eight trichobothria and movable finger with four trichobothria, eb, esb, ib and isb located basally of the fixed finger; et, est, it (retrolateral view) and ist (prolateral view) situated distally, et distinctly closer to fingertip than to it; on movable finger, b and sb located basally, t and st situated distally. Abdomen: tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6: 8: 8: 9: 11: 10: 11: 11: 11: 11: 7; sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 29: 18: 14: 19: 15: 15: 12: 9; anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Tergite XI with two tactile setae. Manducatory process with five setae. Pedipalpal coxa with 14 setae, coxa I 7, II 8, III 8, IV15 setae. Anterior genital operculum with 27 setae and without lyrifissures; posterior operculum with 25 setae, two lyrifissures (Fig. 2D). Sternites V 2, VI 13, VII 13, VIII 11 medial scattered glandular setae (Fig. 2C). Legs: Leg I: trochanter 1.08× longer than deep, femur 3.09× longer than deep and 1.01× longer than patella, patella 3.09× longer than deep, tibia 4.16× longer, basitarsus 3.14× longer, telotarsus 4.50× longer than deep, telotarsus 1.06× longer than basitarsus. Leg IV: trochanter 2.62× longer than deep, femur + patella 3.71× longer than deep, femur shorter than patella, tibia 7.24× longer than deep, basitarsus 4.41× longer, telotarsus 7.34× longer than deep. Tactile setae probably present (most setae lacking) on basitarsus (near basally of segment), telotarsus with 2 tactile setae (basally, TS = 0.25; distally, TS = 0.43), subterminal seta forked, arolia shorter than claws. Dimensions (Length/width or, in the case of the legs, length/depth in mm). Males: Body length 3.58. Carapace 1.31/0.97. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.73/0.37, femur 1.64/0.39, patella 1.50/0.35, hand (with pedicel) 1.27/0.56, length of movable chelal finger 1.78, chela 2.93/0.56. Leg I: trochanter 0.36/0.33, femur 0.89/0.29, patella 0.88/0.28, tibia 0.69/0.17, basitarsus 0.41/0.13, telotarsus 0.44/0.10. Leg IV: trochanter 0.61/0.23, femur + patella 1.43/0.38, tibia 1.31/0.18, basitarsus 0.54/0.12, telotarsus 0.80/0.11. Distribution. China (Guangxi)., Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun & Shi, Ai-Min, 2023, Two new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Stenohya (Pseudoscorpiones Neobisiidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, pp. 387-395 in Zootaxa 5278 (2) on pages 390-392, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7906051

Key to the species of Stenohya known from China (males only; S. bomica Zhao & Zhang, 2011 and S. huangi Hu & Zhang, 2012 not included) 1. Palpal femur with tubercle on prolateral face................................................................ 2 - Palpal femur normal, without tubercle on prolateral face...................................................... 3 2. Chelal hand with 14 tooth-shaped tubercles.............................................. S. dongtianensis sp. nov. - Chelal hand with 42 tooth-shaped tubercles.................................................. S. jiahensis sp. nov. 3. Chelal hand with accessory structures, “spine” or “rectangular”................................................. 4 - Chelal hand normal, without accessory structures............................................................ 6 4. Chelal hand have a spine on the ventral margin.............................................................. 5 - Chelal hand projection is large and almost rectangular in shape with 2 horn-like bulges at the top.......................................................................................... S. bicornuta Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019 5. Rallum with 7 pinnate blades............................................... S. curvata Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011 - Rallum with 9 pinnate blades............................................... S. meiacantha Yang & Zhang, 2013 6. Carapace anterior margin with 8 setae..................................................................... 7 - Carapace anterior margin with 6 setae..................................................................... 8 7. Rallum with 6 pinnate blades; fixed chelal finger with 70–74 teeth, movable finger with about 45–47 teeth........................................................................................... S. pengae Hu & Zhang, 2012 - Rallum with 8 pinnate blades; fixed chelal finger with 124–129 teeth, movable finger with about 115–118 teeth................................................................................ S. arcuata Guo, Zang & Zhang, 2019 8. Palpal femur straight................................................................................... 9 - Palpal femur curved.......................................................... S. setulosa Guo & Zhang, 2016 9. Fixed chelal finger at least 95 teeth...................................................................... 10 - Fixed chelal finger at most 66 teeth....................................... S. xiningensis Zhao, Zhang & Jia, 2011 10. Palpal femur 5.00–5.52× as long as broad (length 1.71–1.90 mm), chela (with pedicel) 4.23–4.60× longer than broad.............................................................................. S. hainanensis Guo & Zhang, 2016 - Palpal femur 4.14–4.43× as long as broad (length 1.45–1.55 mm), chela 3.06–3.29× longer than deep...................................................................................... S. tengchongensis Yang & Zhang, 2013, Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun & Shi, Ai-Min, 2023, Two new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Stenohya (Pseudoscorpiones Neobisiidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, pp. 387-395 in Zootaxa 5278 (2) on pages 392-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7906051, {"references":["Hu, J. & Zhang, F. (2012) Description of two new Stenohya species from China (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae). ZooKeys, 213, 79 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 213.2237","Guo, X. B., Zang, X. & Zhang, F. (2019) Two new Stenohya species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) from the Gaoligong Mountains, Southwestern China. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 65, 95 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.17109 / AZH. 65.2.95.2019","Zhao, YW., Zhang, F. & Jia, Y. (2011) Two new species of the genus Stenohya Beier, 1967 (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae) from China. Zootaxa, 2834 (1), 57 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2834.1.5","Yang, J. & Zhang, F. (2013) Two new species of the genus Stenohya Beier from Yunnan, China (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 59, 131 - 141."]}

Stenohya dongtianensis sp. nov. (Figures 1, 3A) Type material. Holotype male: China, Guangxi Province, Guilin City, Xingan County, Hucheng Town, Dongtian Village, Longpan Mountain, Rudongyan, 25º34’26.3’’N, 110º37’12.2’’E, 200 m a.s.l., 21 February 2019, Yun-Chun Li leg., in MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GX-0009); Paratype: 1 male, collected with the holotype, in MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GX-0007). Diagnosis (male, female unknown). This new species is distinguished from other members of the genus Stenohya by the following combination of characters: pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle on the prolateral face, hand with 14 large tooth-shaped tubercles in the middle (retrolateral view). Fixed finger with 112–115 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 106–110 teeth. Pedipalpal femur 5.21–5.26× longer than broad, length 1.96–1.97 mm; chela with pedicel 4.56–4.60× longer than broad, length 3.62–3.63 mm; ratio movable chelal finger/chelal hand (with pedicel) 1.46–1.48×. Etymology. Latinised adjective, derived from Dongtian Village, near the type locality. Description. Carapace, chelicerae and abdomen brown, remaining parts yellowish brown. Carapace (Fig. 1A): 1.06–1.08× longer than broad, with four well-developed eyes; two anterior eyes, length 0.12–0.13 mm, breadth 0.07–0.08 mm; two posterior eyes length 0.09–0.10 mm, breadth 0.05–0.06 mm; anterior margin with distinct epistome, triangular. Carapace surface with seven lyrifissures. With a total of 29 or 30 setae, including six on the anterior margin and seven or eight on the posterior margin. Chelicera: Hand with six or seven setae and two lyrifissures dorsally, movable finger with one submedial seta; fixed cheliceral finger with 13 teeth, movable finger with seven teeth (Fig. 1B). Galea divided into two main branches, one of them forked apically (Figs 1B, C). Serrula exterior with about 39 blades and serrula interior with 33; rallum composed of six blades (Fig. 1D). Pedipalp (Fig. 1I–M): pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle on the prolateral face, and with seven lyrifissures, patella with eight lyrifissures, hand with 14 large tooth-shaped tubercles in the middle (retrolateral view), each tooth-shaped tubercle has a seta at the base (Fig. 1I, J). Trochanter 2.21–2.23×, femur 5.21–5.26×, patella 4.19–4.24× longer than broad, femur 1.13–1.14× longer than patella. Chela (with pedicel) 4.56–4.60×, hand (with pedicel) 1.92–1.95× longer than broad; movable chelal finger 1.46–1.48× longer than hand (with pedicel) length. Fixed finger with 112–115 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 106–110 teeth; venom duct in fixed finger, very short. Fixed chelal finger with eight trichobothria and movable finger with four trichobothria, eb, esb, ib and isb located basally of the fixed finger; et, est, it (retrolateral view) and ist (prolateral view) situated distally, et distinctly closer to fingertip than to it; on movable finger, b and sb located basally, t and st situated distally. Abdomen: tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6: 8: 8: 8: 8: 9: 11: 12: 12: 10: 7; sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 27: 15: 13: 14: 16: 17: 11: 7; anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Tergite XI with two tactile setae. Manducatory process with five setae. Pedipalpal coxa with 12 setae, coxa I 9, II 8, III 9, IV18 setae. Anterior genital operculum with 40–42 setae and two lyrifissures; posterior operculum with 27–29 setae, two lyrifissures (Fig. 1H). Sternites VI 12–13, VII 13, VIII 13 medial scattered glandular setae (Fig. 1E). Legs (Fig. 1F, G): Leg I: trochanter 0.91–0.93× longer than deep, femur 4.42–4.43× longer than deep and 1.40–1.42× longer than patella, patella 2.76–2.77× longer than deep, tibia 4.29–4.30× longer, basitarsus 3.23–3.24× longer, telotarsus 4.43–4.45× longer than deep, telotarsus 1.29–1.30× longer than basitarsus. Leg IV: trochanter 2.89–2.93× longer than deep, femur+patella 3.62–3.65× longer than deep, femur shorter than patella, tibia 5.78– 5.79× longer than deep, basitarsus 4.14–4.16× longer, telotarsus 6.37–6.38× longer than deep. Basitarsus with one tactile seta (distally, TS = 0.53), telotarsus with a tactile seta near the middle (TS = 0.46), subterminal seta forked, arolia shorter than claws. Dimensions (Length/width or, in the case of the legs, length/depth in mm). Males: body length 3.83–3.92. Carapace 1.35–1.37/1.28–1.29. Pedipalp: trochanter 1.00–1.02/0.45–0.47, femur 1.96–1.97/0.38–0.40, patella 1.73–1.76/0.41–0.42, hand (with pedicel) 1.53–1.55/0.79–0.80, length of movable chelal finger 2.23–2.24, chela 3.62–3.63/0.79–0.80. Leg I: trochanter 0.35–0.39/0.39–0.40, femur 1.22–1.24/0.28– 0.31, patella 0.88–0.91/0.32–0.33, tibia 0.86–0.88/0.20–0.23, basitarsus 0.49–0.51/0.15–0.17, telotarsus 0.63– 0.66/0.14–0.16. Leg IV: trochanter 0.79–0.81/0.27–0.30, femur+patella 1.69–1.72/0.47–0.50, tibia 1.64–1.66/0.28– 0.30, basitarsus 0.69–0.71/0.17–0.19, telotarsus 0.91–0.93/0.14–0.16. Distribution. China (Guangxi)., Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun & Shi, Ai-Min, 2023, Two new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Stenohya (Pseudoscorpiones Neobisiidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, pp. 387-395 in Zootaxa 5278 (2) on pages 388-390, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7906051

Stenohya jiahensis sp. nov. (Figures 2, 3B) Type material. Holotype male: China, Guangxi Province, Guilin City, Lingui District, Lingui Town, Jiahe Garden, 25º15.134’ N, 110º12.125’ E, 156 m a.s.l., 18 February 2019, Yun-Chun Li leg., in MCWNU (Ar-Ps-GX-0003). Diagnosis (male, female unknown). This new species is distinguished from other members of the genus Stenohya by the following combination of characters: pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle (many small bulges) and one basal tubercle on prolateral face, hand with 42 tooth-shaped tubercles (retrolateral view). Fixed finger with 94 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 89 teeth. Pedipalpal femur 4.25× longer than broad, length 1.64 mm; chela (with pedicel) 5.19× longer than broad, length 2.93 mm; ratio movable chelal finger/chelal hand (with pedicel) 1.40×. Etymology. Latinised adjective, derived from the type locality, namely Jiahe Garden. Description. Carapace, chelicerae and abdomen brown, remaining parts yellowish brown. Carapace (Fig. 2A): 1.34× longer than broad, with four well-developed eyes; two anterior eyes length 0.11 mm, breadth 0.08 mm; two posterior eyes length 0.09 mm, breadth 0.06 mm; anterior margin with distinct epistome, triangular. Carapace surface with ten lyrifissures. A total of 28 setae, including six on the anterior margin and seven on the posterior margin. Chelicera: Hand with six setae and one or two lyrifissures dorsally, movable finger with one submedial seta; fixed cheliceral finger with nine teeth, movable finger with five teeth (Fig. 2B). Galea divided into two main branches, one of them forked apically. Serrula exterior with about 37 blades and serrula interior with 32, rallum composed of six blades. Pedipalp (Figs 2E–I): pedipalpal femur with one distal tubercle (many small bulges) and one basal tubercle on the prolateral face, and six lyrifissures, patella with four lyrifissures, hand with 42 tooth-shaped tubercles basal to fixed chelal finger base (retrolateral view), each tooth-shaped tubercle has a seta at the base (Figs 2F, G). Trochanter 1.94×, femur 4.25×, patella 4.30× longer than broad, femur 1.09× longer than patella. Chela (with pedicel) 5.19×, hand (with pedicel) 2.26× longer than broad; movable chelal finger 1.40× longer than hand (with pedicel) length. Fixed finger with 94 small cusped teeth, movable finger with 89 teeth; venom duct in fixed finger, very short. Fixed chelal finger with eight trichobothria and movable finger with four trichobothria, eb, esb, ib and isb located basally of the fixed finger; et, est, it (retrolateral view) and ist (prolateral view) situated distally, et distinctly closer to fingertip than to it; on movable finger, b and sb located basally, t and st situated distally. Abdomen: tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6: 8: 8: 9: 11: 10: 11: 11: 11: 11: 7; sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 29: 18: 14: 19: 15: 15: 12: 9; anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Tergite XI with two tactile setae. Manducatory process with five setae. Pedipalpal coxa with 14 setae, coxa I 7, II 8, III 8, IV15 setae. Anterior genital operculum with 27 setae and without lyrifissures; posterior operculum with 25 setae, two lyrifissures (Fig. 2D). Sternites V 2, VI 13, VII 13, VIII 11 medial scattered glandular setae (Fig. 2C). Legs: Leg I: trochanter 1.08× longer than deep, femur 3.09× longer than deep and 1.01× longer than patella, patella 3.09× longer than deep, tibia 4.16× longer, basitarsus 3.14× longer, telotarsus 4.50× longer than deep, telotarsus 1.06× longer than basitarsus. Leg IV: trochanter 2.62× longer than deep, femur + patella 3.71× longer than deep, femur shorter than patella, tibia 7.24× longer than deep, basitarsus 4.41× longer, telotarsus 7.34× longer than deep. Tactile setae probably present (most setae lacking) on basitarsus (near basally of segment), telotarsus with 2 tactile setae (basally, TS = 0.25; distally, TS = 0.43), subterminal seta forked, arolia shorter than claws. Dimensions (Length/width or, in the case of the legs, length/depth in mm). Males: Body length 3.58. Carapace 1.31/0.97. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.73/0.37, femur 1.64/0.39, patella 1.50/0.35, hand (with pedicel) 1.27/0.56, length of movable chelal finger 1.78, chela 2.93/0.56. Leg I: trochanter 0.36/0.33, femur 0.89/0.29, patella 0.88/0.28, tibia 0.69/0.17, basitarsus 0.41/0.13, telotarsus 0.44/0.10. Leg IV: trochanter 0.61/0.23, femur + patella 1.43/0.38, tibia 1.31/0.18, basitarsus 0.54/0.12, telotarsus 0.80/0.11. Distribution. China (Guangxi).

Identification key to the family of Pseudotyrannochthoniidae from China 1. Coxal spines on a common protuberance.......................................................................................... 2 – Coxal spines never on a common protuberance.............................................................................. 12 2. Carapace with eyes............................................................................................................................ 3 – Carapace without eyes or eyespots................................. Allochthonius brevitus Hu & Zhang, 2012 3. Carapace anterior margin with 8 setae............................................................................................... 4 – Carapace anterior margin with 10 setae............................................................................................. 7 4. Rallum with 11 pinnate blades........................................................................................................... 5 – Rallum only with 8 pinnate blades......................... Allochthonius sichuanensis (Schawaller, 1995) 5. Carapace without lyrifissures; movable chelicera finger most with 14 conspicuous teeth................ 6 – Carapace with 2 pairs of lyrifissures; movable chelicera finger with 20 conspicuous teeth.................................................................................. Allochthonius fanjingshan Gao, Zhang & Zhang, 2016 6. Fixed chelicera finger with 6 teeth; palpal femur 5.30–5.50 × as long as broad (length 1.05– 1.22 mm)............................................................................ Allochthonius fuscus Hu & Zhang, 2011 – Fixed chelicera finger with 5 teeth; palpal femur 6.10–7.20 × as long as broad (length 1.36– 1.40 mm)................................................................................. Allochthonius wui Hu & Zhang, 2011 7. Carapace anterior margin without protuberances.............................................................................. 8 – Carapace anterior margin with 27 triangular protuberances........................................................................................................................................................ Allochthonius trigonus Hu & Zhang, 2011 8. Chelicera hand with 6 setae............................................................................................................... 9 – Chelicera hand with 7 setae..............................................................................................................11 9. Rallum with 10 pinnate blades........................................................................................................ 10 – Rallum with 12 pinnate blades.............................. Allochthonius liaoningensis Hu & Zhang, 2012 10. Fixed chelicera finger with 5–6 teeth; coxal spine with a spray of 4–5 clavate blades..................................................................................................... Allochthonius jingyuanus Zhang & Zhang, 2014 – Fixed chelicera finger with 4 teeth; coxal spine with a spray of 7–8 clavate blades.............................................................................................................. Allochthonius exornatus Gao & Zhang, 2013 11. Fixed finger with 5 teeth; rallum; the apical-most one without small branches at the bend........................................................................................................... Allochthonius lini sp. nov. – Fixed finger with 4 teeth; rallum; the apical-most one with 3 small branches at the bend........................................................................................................ Allochthonius xuae sp. nov. 12. Carapace with eyes; coxal spine with a spray of 4–5 clavate blades............................................... 13 – Carapace without eyes or eyespots; coxal spine with a spray of 7–8 clavate blades.................................................................................................................................. Spelaeochthonius yinae sp. nov. 13. Carapace with three pairs of lyrifissures; female chela length 1.21 mm.................................................................................................................... Centrochthonius cheni (Gao, Zhang & Zhang, 2016) – Carapace without lyrifissures; female chela length 1.71 mm................................................................................................................................................... Centrochthonius kozlovi (Redikorzev, 1918), Published as part of Yun-Chun LI, 2023, Three new species of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from caves in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, China, pp. 48-64 in European Journal of Taxonomy 861 on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.861.2065, http://zenodo.org/record/7729666, {"references":["Hu J. F. & Zhang F. 2012. Two new species of the genus Allochthonius Chamberlin from China (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae). Entomologica Fennica 22: 243 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 5003","Gao Z. Z., Zhang Y. F. & Zhang F. 2016. Two new species of Pseudotyrannochthoniidae, including the first species of Pseudotyrannochthonius (Pseudoscorpiones) from China. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 62: 117 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.17109 / AZH. 62.2.117.2016","Hu J. F. & Zhang F. 2011. Description of three new species of the genus Allochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from China. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3: 2167 - 2176. https: // doi. org / 10.11609 / JOTT. O 2767.2167 - 76","Zhang F. B. & Zhang F. 2014. A new species of the genus Allochthonius (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from Liupan Mountains, China, with the description of the male of Allochthonius brevitus. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 60: 45 - 56.","Gao Z. Z. & Zhang F. 2013. Description of a new Allochthonius species from China, with a key to the genus (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae). Entomologica Fennica 24: 107 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 8346"]}

Lagynochthonius bailongtanensis sp. nov. (Figs 1���18) Type material. Holotype: male (MSWU: Ms20181015-01), CHINA: Yunnan Province, Luoping County, Bailongtan Village, Qianfo cave, 24��51.966�� N, 104��17.374�� E, 1594 m, 28 February 2016, leg. Yun-chun Li. Paratypes: 27 adults (10 ♂, 17 ♀) in MSWU (Ms20181015-01), 4 adults (2 ♂, 2 ♀) in MNHN (Ar-Ps146-02), all with same data as holotype. The cave is approximately 700 m long, and 2���5 m high. The types were collected from under stones about 200 m from the cave entrance. Diagnosis. Lagynochthonius with troglobiont habitus; carapace without eyes or eyespots. Epistome small, rounded. Tergites II���VI each with 4 setae, medial setae longer than lateral setae. Pedipalps slender, femur 8.9���10.0 times longer than broad (length 1.30���1.58 mm), patella 2.4���2.5 times (length 0.43���0.55 mm), chela 8.5���10.2 times longer than broad, hand 3.9���4.2 times longer than broad. Etymology. Named after the village of Bailongtan, near the type locality. Description. Carapace, pedipalps and chelicerae brown, legs slightly yellowish. Carapace distinctly constricted posteriorly (Fig. 3), 0.94���0.96 times longer than broad, anterior margin thin, finely denticulate, epistome very small, obtuse, one seta near its base on each side; no eyes or eyespots; chaetotaxy 6:4:4:2:2 (18), anterolateral setae much shorter than others. Tergal chaetotaxy: male 3���4:4:4:4:4:4:4���5:4���5:4���5:4:T2T:0, female 4:4:4:4:4:4:4:4:4���5:4:T2T:0. Sternal setae III���XII: male, 8���10:10���11:12:12:12:10:9���10:9:0:2, female 8���9:12:10���11:11���12:10:10:10:9���10:0:2; sternites IX��� X with unpaired median seta. Manducatory process pointed, with 2 distal setae, one long and the other slightly shorter. Setae P 5, coxa I 3���4, II 3���4, III 5, IV 5; intercoxal tubercle absent. Process of coxa I long and rounded at tip. Coxae II each with 9���11 spines, arranged in an arc, distal (middle) spines longest, spines incised for about half their length. Male and female genital opercula as illustrated (Figs 17���18). Male anterior genital operculum (Fig. 18) with 10 setae, genital opening slit-like, with 13���15 marginal setae on each side; female anterior genital operculum (Fig. 17) with 11���12 setae plus 6 setae on posterior margin. Chelicera (Fig. 8) with 5 setae on palm, ventrobasal seta shorter than others, palm with moderate hispid granulation dorsally. Fixed finger with 23���25 small teeth, decreasing in size proximally; movable finger with 16��� 17 small teeth. Spinneret not developed, but silk ducts present. Serrula exterior with 22���25 and serrula interior with 14 blades. Rallum composed of 8 blades (Fig. 9), distal blade weakly recumbent basally, with fine barbules and set apart from the other blades, latter tightly grouped and with long pinnae. Palp (Figs 11���16) with weak granulation ventrally at base of femur and base of patella. Trochanter 1.6���1.9 times longer than broad, femur slightly widened distally, 8.9���10.0 times, patella 2.4���2.5 times longer than broad, femur 2.9���3.1 times longer than patella, chela 8.5���10.2 times longer than broad, hand 3.6���3.9 times longer than broad; movable finger 1.2���1.4 times longer than hand. Setal formula of femur 4���5:4:1:2:4���5:1. Chelal palm (Figs 11, 14) gradually constricted towards fingers; dorsal surface with a single row of 3���4 chemosensory setae between trichobothria esb and ib / isb; distal paraxial seta of palm not enlarged. Fingers straight in dorsal view (Fig. 14). Fixed finger with 18���22 macrodenticles, plus one tooth on antiaxial face (Figs 12, 15), near trichobothria dx. Movable finger with 10 macrodenticles; base of finger with about 3���7 very low, vestigial teeth (without canals and therefore difficult to count accurately). Movable finger with 4 sensilla: am 1���2 near tip (Fig. 13); p 1 slightly proximad of sb, p 2 well distad of sb; terminal tooth of movable finger not hooked; apodeme complex of movable finger strongly sclerotized. Movable finger with a row of 4 very weakly lanceolate setae antaxioventrally, extending from t to nearly half-way between st and sb (Fig. 13). Legs (Figs 5���7) elongate. Fine granulation present on anterodorsal faces of femora I and IV and patella IV. Leg I: femur 9.3���9.9 times longer than deep and 1.9���2.2 times longer than patella, patella 4.1���5.2 times, tibia 5.0���5.4 times, tarsus 12.7���13.2 times longer than deep and 2.2���2.5 times longer than tibia. Leg IV: femur+patella 6.0���6.3 times, tibia 6.8���7.5 times longer than deep, basitarsus 3.9���4.6 times longer than deep, with a basal tactile setae (TS= 0.23���0.27), telotarsus 14.4���15.9 times longer than deep and 2.4���3.0 times longer than basitarsus, with a tactile seta near base (TS= 0.20���0.23). Measurements (in mm): Male (holotype and paratypes). Body length 2.55���2.92; carapace (length/breadth) 0.66���0.72/0.71���0.75. Pedipalps: trochanter 0.31���0.34/0.16���0.19, femur 1.30���1.58/0.15���0.18, patella 0.43���0.55/ 0.18���0.22, length of chela 1.85���2.22, hand 0.86���0.92/0.23���0.25, length of movable finger 1.07���1.21. Leg I: femur 0.79���0.85/0.09���0.11, patella 0.39���0.41/0.09���0.11, tibia 0.34���0.38/0.07���0.09, tarsus 0.81���0.83/0.07���0.09. Leg IV: femur+patella 1.07���1.21/0.17���0.21, tibia 0.71���0.78/0.10���0.12, basitarsus 0.33���0.36/0.08���0.10, telotarsus 0.87��� 0.92/0.06���0.08. Female (paratypes). Body length 2.72���2.95; carapace (length/breadth) 0.59���0.68/0.62���0.72. Pedipalps: trochanter 0.32���0.37/0.19���0.22, femur 1.35���1.56/0.17���0.19, patella 0.45���0.53/0.19���0.20, length of chela 1.94��� 2.03, hand 0.82���0.87/0.22���0.24, length of movable finger 1.09���1.17. Leg I: femur 0.73���0.75/0.08���0.10, patella 0.38���0.40/0.07���0.09, tibia 0.32���0.35/0.06���0.08, tarsus 0.78���0.82/0.05���0.07. Leg IV: femur+patella 1.08���1.13/ 0.18���0.21, tibia 0.62���0.69/0.09���0.11, basitarsus 0.29���0.33/0.07���0.08, telotarsus 0.84���0.89/0.06���0.07., Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun, Liu, Huai & Shi, Ai-Min, 2019, A new cave-dwelling species of Lagynochthonius (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae) from Yunnan Province, China in Zootaxa 4571 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2605932

Key to the species of Lagynochthonius known from China 1. Carapace with eyes.................................................................................... 2 - Carapace without eyes or eyespots................................................... L. bailongtanensis sp. nov. 2. Posterior pair of eyes reduced to eyespots.................................................................. 3 - Posterior pair of eyes with flattened lenses.................................................................. 5 3. Trichobothrium sb 2.0 times as far from st as far from b; palpal femur 5.8 times as long as broad............................................................................................ L. brachydigitatus Zhang & Zhang, 2014 - Trichobothrium sb 1.3���1.5 times as far from st as far from b; palpal femur 3.0���4.0 times as long as broad................ 4 4. Tergites III���V each with 6 setae; palpal femur 3.0 times as long as broad (length 0.45 mm), hand 2.0 times longer than broad.................................................................................. L. sinensis (Beier, 1967) - Tergites III���V each with 4 setae; palpal femur 4.0 times as long as broad (length 0.60 mm), hand 2.7 times longer than broad................................................................................ L. tonkinensis (Beier, 1951) 5. Chelal fingers without intercalary teeth.................................................................... 6 - At least one finger of chela with intercalary teeth............................................................ 7 6. Palpal femur 6.3���6.4 times as long as broad (length 0.70���0.75 mm), chela length 0.95���1.00 mm.................................................................................................. L. leptopalpus Hu & Zhang, 2012 - Palpal femur 4.8���5.5 times as long as broad (length 0.55���0.58 mm), chela length 0.75���0.93 mm.. L. niger Hu & Zhang, 2012 7. Tergites I���II each with 2 setae; both chelal fingers with intercalary teeth; chela 6.9���7.2 times as long as broad (length 0.65��� 0.69 mm)................................................................... L. medog Zhang & Zhang, 2014 - Tergites I���II each with 4 setae; only fixed chelal finger with intercalary teeth; chela 5.8���6.4 times as long as broad (length 0.58���0.76 mm)................................................................ L. harveyi Hu & Zhang, 2014, Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun, Liu, Huai & Shi, Ai-Min, 2019, A new cave-dwelling species of Lagynochthonius (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae) from Yunnan Province, China in Zootaxa 4571 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2605932, {"references":["Zhang, F. & Zhang, F. (2014) Two new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Lagynochthonius from China (Pseudoscorpiones: Chthoniidae). Entomologica Fennica, 25, 170 - 179.","Beier, M. (1967) Pseudoscorpione vom kontinentalen Sudost-Asien. Pacific Insects, 9, 341 - 369.","Beier, M. (1951) Die Pseudoscorpione Indochinas. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, N. S. (A) 1, 47 - 123."]}

Lagynochthonius bailongtanensis sp. nov. (Figs 1–18) Type material. Holotype: male (MSWU: Ms20181015-01), CHINA: Yunnan Province, Luoping County, Bailongtan Village, Qianfo cave, 24°51.966ʹ N, 104°17.374ʹ E, 1594 m, 28 February 2016, leg. Yun-chun Li. Paratypes: 27 adults (10 ♂, 17 ♀) in MSWU (Ms20181015-01), 4 adults (2 ♂, 2 ♀) in MNHN (Ar-Ps146-02), all with same data as holotype. The cave is approximately 700 m long, and 2–5 m high. The types were collected from under stones about 200 m from the cave entrance. Diagnosis. Lagynochthonius with troglobiont habitus; carapace without eyes or eyespots. Epistome small, rounded. Tergites II–VI each with 4 setae, medial setae longer than lateral setae. Pedipalps slender, femur 8.9–10.0 times longer than broad (length 1.30–1.58 mm), patella 2.4–2.5 times (length 0.43–0.55 mm), chela 8.5–10.2 times longer than broad, hand 3.9–4.2 times longer than broad. Etymology. Named after the village of Bailongtan, near the type locality. Description. Carapace, pedipalps and chelicerae brown, legs slightly yellowish. Carapace distinctly constricted posteriorly (Fig. 3), 0.94–0.96 times longer than broad, anterior margin thin, finely denticulate, epistome very small, obtuse, one seta near its base on each side; no eyes or eyespots; chaetotaxy 6:4:4:2:2 (18), anterolateral setae much shorter than others. Tergal chaetotaxy: male 3–4:4:4:4:4:4:4–5:4–5:4–5:4:T2T:0, female 4:4:4:4:4:4:4:4:4–5:4:T2T:0. Sternal setae III–XII: male, 8–10:10–11:12:12:12:10:9–10:9:0:2, female 8–9:12:10–11:11–12:10:10:10:9–10:0:2; sternites IX– X with unpaired median seta. Manducatory process pointed, with 2 distal setae, one long and the other slightly shorter. Setae P 5, coxa I 3–4, II 3–4, III 5, IV 5; intercoxal tubercle absent. Process of coxa I long and rounded at tip. Coxae II each with 9–11 spines, arranged in an arc, distal (middle) spines longest, spines incised for about half their length. Male and female genital opercula as illustrated (Figs 17–18). Male anterior genital operculum (Fig. 18) with 10 setae, genital opening slit-like, with 13–15 marginal setae on each side; female anterior genital operculum (Fig. 17) with 11–12 setae plus 6 setae on posterior margin. Chelicera (Fig. 8) with 5 setae on palm, ventrobasal seta shorter than others, palm with moderate hispid granulation dorsally. Fixed finger with 23–25 small teeth, decreasing in size proximally; movable finger with 16– 17 small teeth. Spinneret not developed, but silk ducts present. Serrula exterior with 22–25 and serrula interior with 14 blades. Rallum composed of 8 blades (Fig. 9), distal blade weakly recumbent basally, with fine barbules and set apart from the other blades, latter tightly grouped and with long pinnae. Palp (Figs 11–16) with weak granulation ventrally at base of femur and base of patella. Trochanter 1.6–1.9 times longer than broad, femur slightly widened distally, 8.9–10.0 times, patella 2.4–2.5 times longer than broad, femur 2.9–3.1 times longer than patella, chela 8.5–10.2 times longer than broad, hand 3.6–3.9 times longer than broad; movable finger 1.2–1.4 times longer than hand. Setal formula of femur 4–5:4:1:2:4–5:1. Chelal palm (Figs 11, 14) gradually constricted towards fingers; dorsal surface with a single row of 3–4 chemosensory setae between trichobothria esb and ib / isb; distal paraxial seta of palm not enlarged. Fingers straight in dorsal view (Fig. 14). Fixed finger with 18–22 macrodenticles, plus one tooth on antiaxial face (Figs 12, 15), near trichobothria dx. Movable finger with 10 macrodenticles; base of finger with about 3–7 very low, vestigial teeth (without canals and therefore difficult to count accurately). Movable finger with 4 sensilla: am 1–2 near tip (Fig. 13); p 1 slightly proximad of sb, p 2 well distad of sb; terminal tooth of movable finger not hooked; apodeme complex of movable finger strongly sclerotized. Movable finger with a row of 4 very weakly lanceolate setae antaxioventrally, extending from t to nearly half-way between st and sb (Fig. 13). Legs (Figs 5–7) elongate. Fine granulation present on anterodorsal faces of femora I and IV and patella IV. Leg I: femur 9.3–9.9 times longer than deep and 1.9–2.2 times longer than patella, patella 4.1–5.2 times, tibia 5.0–5.4 times, tarsus 12.7–13.2 times longer than deep and 2.2–2.5 times longer than tibia. Leg IV: femur+patella 6.0–6.3 times, tibia 6.8–7.5 times longer than deep, basitarsus 3.9–4.6 times longer than deep, with a basal tactile setae (TS= 0.23–0.27), telotarsus 14.4–15.9 times longer than deep and 2.4–3.0 times longer than basitarsus, with a tactile seta near base (TS= 0.20–0.23). Measurements (in mm): Male (holotype and paratypes). Body length 2.55–2.92; carapace (length/breadth) 0.66–0.72/0.71–0.75. Pedipalps: trochanter 0.31–0.34/0.16–0.19, femur 1.30–1.58/0.15–0.18, patella 0.43–0.55/ 0.18–0.22, length of chela 1.85–2.22, hand 0.86–0.92/0.23–0.25, length of movable finger 1.07–1.21. Leg I: femur 0.79–0.85/0.09–0.11, patella 0.39–0.41/0.09–0.11, tibia 0.34–0.38/0.07–0.09, tarsus 0.81–0.83/0.07–0.09. Leg IV: femur+patella 1.07–1.21/0.17–0.21, tibia 0.71–0.78/0.10–0.12, basitarsus 0.33–0.36/0.08–0.10, telotarsus 0.87– 0.92/0.06–0.08. Female (paratypes). Body length 2.72–2.95; carapace (length/breadth) 0.59–0.68/0.62–0.72. Pedipalps: trochanter 0.32–0.37/0.19–0.22, femur 1.35–1.56/0.17–0.19, patella 0.45–0.53/0.19–0.20, length of chela 1.94– 2.03, hand 0.82–0.87/0.22–0.24, length of movable finger 1.09–1.17. Leg I: femur 0.73–0.75/0.08–0.10, patella 0.38–0.40/0.07–0.09, tibia 0.32–0.35/0.06–0.08, tarsus 0.78–0.82/0.05–0.07. Leg IV: femur+patella 1.08–1.13/ 0.18–0.21, tibia 0.62–0.69/0.09–0.11, basitarsus 0.29–0.33/0.07–0.08, telotarsus 0.84–0.89/0.06–0.07.

Bisetocreagris cavernarum n. sp. Figs 6-10 Holotype: MSWU; ♂; China, Chongqing, Bei Bei, Jin Dao Xia Town, Ert Long Cave, alt. 776 m, 30��05539���N 106��62385���E; 8 October 2015; coll. Yun-chun Li. The cave is about 1200 m long, 7 m high, with an underground river. Pseudoscorpions were collected by hand under rocks, together with some spiders. Paratype: MHNG; 1♀; same data as for holotype. Diagnosis: Troglobiomorphic habitus; carapace with 2 tiny plus 2 indistinct eyes; epistome absent; carapace with 6 setae on posterior margin, tergite I with 8-9 setae; teeth on movable cheliceral finger on thickened lamella, galea with several branches; pedipalp slender, smooth, excepted for fine granulation in distal half of hand; femur 5.8 times (length 1.92-2.1), patella 4.3- 4.7 times (length 1.78-2.01) longer than broad, pedicel (length 0.95-1.00) about half of total length of patella and as long as club, hand with pedicel 2.3 times (length 1.37-1.48), chela with pedicel 5.3-5.4 (length 3.27-3.51) times longer than broad, finger 1.4 (length 1.93-2.05) times longer than hand with pedicel. Trichobothrium est nearer to et than to isb, sb halfway between b and st. Etymology: From the Latin word caverna (= cave), genitive plural (meaning coming from caves). Description of holotype (paratype in parentheses): Pedipalps, chelicerae and anterior half of carapace yellowish red, carapace in basal half and tergites yellowish. Carapace smooth, 1.1 times longer than broad, anterior margin with a small rounded median knob, with 4 small eyes, 2 anterior eyes with indistinct lens, 1.5 diameters from anterior carapace margin, 2 posterior eyes indistinct and difficult to observe; with 27 (7-8-6- 6) (holotype) to 32 (8-11-7-6) (paratype) setae; tergites undivided, chaetotaxy: 8/9/ 10/10/11 / 13/13/12 / 13/11/8 (4 tactile setae) (9/8/9/9/ 11/12/12 / 13/10/12 /8). Manducatory process with 5 marginal setae, pedipalpal coxa with 7 (♀ 9-11) setae and 2 round lyrifissures (anteromedially, laterobasally), coxa I 7 (11) setae, lateral corner short and rounded, medial corner rectangular, II 9, III 5 /6 (6), IV 11 (12/13). Genital operculum with about 75 long acute setae, genital opening with 4/4 short acute interior setae, median genital sac undivided and short (reaching anterior half of sternite IV), wrinkled and with enlarged apex, lateral sacs wrinkled, dilated apically and bent anteriorly; sternite III with a small anteromedian groove (with 1/2 short setae at its margins) and with 22 setae (5 medial discal setae, not counting the tiny groove setae) (♀: 14) + 7/8 suprastigmal setae, IV 12 (11) + 2x 5, 16 (18)-17- 18 (16)-19 (17)-15 (16)-17(15)-6 (2 submedial tactile setae), submedial setae submarginally placed on VII-X. Pleural membrane granular. Chelicera (Fig. 6): Hand with 7 long, acute setae; fixed finger with about 16 small, acute, uniform teeth; movable finger with about 14 pointed teeth, the median ones on enlarged lamella, subgaleal seta reaching tip of galea. Galea (Fig. 7 a, b) divided in 2 main branches (♂: left galea with one main branch broken), each one forked apically; serrula exterior with about 44-48 blades, serrula interior with about 34, distal blade not forked. Rallum (Fig. 8) with 9 (8) pinnate setae, the first one with expanded base and separated from second one, proximal one shortest. Pedipalp (Figs 9-10): Femur and patella smooth, distal part of hand dorsally and medially finely granular; trochanter 2.5 (2.7) times, with a distinct small ventral hump, femur 5.8 (5.8) times, patella 4.3 (4.7) times, club 2.0 (2-4) times longer than broad, pedicel as long as or longer than club, hand with pedicel 2.3 (2.3) times, chela with pedicel 5.4 (5.3) times, without pedicel 5.0 (4.9) times longer than broad, finger 1.4 (1.4) times longer than hand with pedicel. Fixed finger with 121 (122) small conical uniform teeth, tooth row as long as on movable finger, movable finger with 119 (122) small teeth, in distal row part with small cusps, others rounded; a very short venom duct present in fixed finger. Trichobothria: eb-esb on lateral side of hand, ib-isb-ist grouped at level of b (movable finger), est nearer to et/it and proximal of st, sb on movable finger halfway between b and st. Leg I: Femur 4.9 (5.5) times longer than deep and 1.5-1.6 times longer than patella; patella 4.1 (4.1) times, tibia 6.8 (6.3) times, basitarsus 3.9 (3.2) times, telotarsus 6.1 (4.7) times longer than deep and 1.6 (1.5) times longer than basitarsus. Leg IV: Femur+patella 6.5 (6.5) times longer than deep, femur distinctly shorter than patella, tibia 9.4 (9.2) times, with one or two longer setae in distal half, basitarsus with a basal tactile seta, 4.0 (3.9) times, telotarsus with a tactile seta near middle of segment, 6.8 (5.6) times longer than deep and 1.5 times longer than basitarsus; claws long and slender, smooth, subterminal seta forked and dentate, arolia shorter than claws. Measurements of holotype ♂ (paratype ♀ in parentheses): Body length 4.40 (5.03); carapace 1.17/10.05 (1.31/1.22). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.88/0.35 (1.01/0.38), femur 1.92/0.33 (2.10/0.36), patella 1.78/1.41 (2.01/0.43), pedicel length 0.95 (1.00); hand with pedicel 1.37/0.60 (1.48/0.66), length of pedicel 0.24 (0.27), finger length 1.93 (2.05), chela length with pedicel 3.27 (5.32), without pedicel 3.03 (3.24). Leg I: femur 1.11/0.23 (1.23/0.22), patella 0.75/0.18 (0.78/0.19), tibia 0.98/0.14 (1.03/0.16), basitarsus 0.47/0.12 (0.46/0.15), telotarsus 0.75/0.12 (0.71/0.15). Leg IV: femur+patella 1.87/0.29 (1.98/0.30), femur length 0.82 (0.88), tibia 1.74/0.18 (1.85/0.20), basitarsus 0.60/0.15 (0.61/0.16), telotarsus 0.90/0.14 (0.89/0.16). Remarks: The new species, B. cavernarum, is most similar to B. chinacavernicola, sharing with this species a similar size, elongate pedipalps, a long patellar pedicel (about half of the total length of patella), 6 or 7 setae on posterior margin of carapace, and 8 or 9 setae on anterior tergites. Bisetocreagris cavernarum n. sp. differs from B. chinacavernicola, recorded from the caves Dei (=Xian Nin) and Chao-Tian (both near Huaying), by the presence of indistinct lenses on the 2 anterior eyes and the presence of 2 indistinct posterior eye-spots, by the fine granulation of the palpal hand, a more slender chela (without pedicel 4.9-5.0 vs 4.4-4.86 times longer than broad), the position of trichobothrium st which is distinctly nearer to t than to sb (halfway between sb and t in chinacavernicola) and perhaps by shorter legs (e.g. femur+patella IV 1.87-1.98 vs 2.18)., Published as part of Volker Mahnert & Yun-chun Li, 2016, Cave-inhabiting Neobisiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from China, with description of four new species of Bisetocreagris ��ur��i��, pp. 259-268 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 on pages 261-262, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.155299

Bisetocreagris baozinensis n.sp. Figs 11-16 Holotype: MSWU; ♀; China, Sichuan Province, Gu Lin, Yu Hua Town, Bao Zi Cave, alt. 954 m, 28��01458���N 106��05209���E; 22 April 2014; coll. Yunchun Li and Yu-Cheng Lin. Paratypes: 1♂ (in MSWU), 1♂, 1♀ (in MHNG); same data as for holotype. Diagnosis: Troglobiomorphic habitus; carapace without eyes or eye-spots, with 6-8 setae on posterior margin; anterior tergites with 6-8 marginal setae; teeth on movable cheliceral finger on thickened lamella; galea present, divided into two main branches, each with forked apex; 6-7 setae on hand; rallum with 9-11 pinnate setae, distal one with an expanded base. Pedipalp: femur 7.0-7.7 times (length 2.17-2.33), patella 6.0-7.0 (length 2.05-2.29) longer than broad, club slightly longer (1.10-1.18 times) than pedicel, hand with pedicel 3.0-3.3 times (length 1.54-1.71), chela with pedicel 7.2-8.2 times (length 3.81-4.08) longer than broad, finger 1.34-1.47 times longer than hand with pedicel (length 2.22-2.42). Trichobothria: et-it at same level near fingertip, est slightly nearer to et than to ist, 5 trichobothria at finger base and on hand, sb on movable finger indistinctly nearer to b than to st. Etymology: Latinized adjective derived from the name of the cave Bao Zi. Description of females (males in parentheses, if different): Carapace, chelicerae and pedipalps yellowish brown, legs and abdominal segments yellowish. Carapace nearly as long as broad to 1.2 times longer than broad, smooth, anterior margin without epistome but with a small rounded knob; eyes or eye-spots absent; with 23-25 setae (6/7/3-5/7). Tergites with 7-9 (exceptionally 6 or 10) marginal setae, tergite XI 7 (with at least 2 tactile setae, most setae broken off). Manducatory process rounded, with 5 (1♀ with 4 on left side) marginal setae, pedipalpal coxa with 6-8 setae, coxa I with rounded medial corner, 6-8, II 5-8, III 4-5, IV 8-10. Genital operculum of ♀ with 18-19 medial setae (2 groups: 8-9/ 10 in marginal and discal position), sternite III with 18-21 marginal setae (a few medial ones in submarginal position)+ 2x 4-5; IV 12 + 2x 4 suprastigmal setae, followed by mainly 13-15 (♂ 15-16) uniseriate setae, XI 4-6 setae; genital operculum of ♂ with about 46-48 setae, genital opening with 6-7 short internal setae on each side; median genital sac short (reaching anterior half of sternite IV), wrinkled and widened distally, lateral sacs short, caudally bent; sternite III with anteromedian groove flanked on each side with 1 stout tiny seta; III with 26-29 setae (9-11 in discal position)+ 2x 5, IV 12-13 + 2x 3-4 suprastigmal setae. Anal cone with 2/2 setae. Pleural membrane granular. Chelicera (Fig. 11): With 6-7 long, slender setae on hand, fixed finger with 11-14 triangular uniform teeth, movable finger with 14-16 teeth, the medial ones on elevated lamella; galea (Fig. 12) divided in 2 main branches, each one apically forked (only one of the 8 galeae examined undamaged), subgaleal seta not reaching fingertip; serrula exterior with 36-42, serrula interior with 28-32 blades. Rallum (Fig. 13) with 9-11 pinnate setae, base of first seta slightly enlarged. Pedipalp (♂ ♀) (Figs 14-15): All segments smooth, setae long and smooth; trochanter 2.9-3.1 times longer than broad, with a tiny ventral hump distal of middle, femur distally slightly thickened, 7.0-7.7 times, patella 6.0-6.1 (♂: 6.4-7.0) times longer than broad, pedicel about half of patella length, club 1.1-1.2 times longer than pedicel, hand with pedicel 3.0-3.3 times, chela with pedicel 7.2- 8.2 times, without pedicel 6.5-7.6 times longer than broad, finger 1.3-1.5 times longer than hand with pedicel; fixed finger with 171-184 small cusped teeth (row about 10 teeth shorter than on movable finger), movable finger with 172-192 small teeth, cusped only in distal fourth of finger; very short venom duct in fixed finger. Five trichobothria grouped at base of fixed finger and on hand, est slightly distal of finger middle, et-it on same level near fingertip, on movable finger st nearer to t than to sb, the latter slightly nearer to b than to st (Fig. 15). Leg I: Femur 5.3-5.9 times, patella 4.0-4.7 times, tibia 7.4-9.0 times, basitarsus 3.8-4.3 times, telotarsus 4.9- 5.6 times longer than deep, femur 1.5 times longer than patella, telotarsus 1.3-1.4 times longer than basitarsus. Leg IV (Fig. 16): Femur+patella 6.3-7.4 times longer than deep, femur shorter than patella, tibia 10.1-10.6 times, basitarsus 3.8-4.6 times, telotarsus 5.3-5.8 times longer than deep, telotarsus 1.2-1.3 times longer than basitarsus; subterminal seta (Fig. 16 a) forked in distal half; both branches dentate, claws slender and smooth; arolia shorter than claws; tactile setae probably present on tibia (TS=0.43-0.46), on basitarsus (TS=0.13), and on telotarsus (TS= about 0.50), but all setae fallen off. Measurements of ♀ (♂ in parentheses): Body length 4.48-4.59 (3.97-4.48); carapace 1.14-1.29/1.00-1.16 (1.17-1.24/1.00-1.10). Pedipalp: trochanter 1.07- 1.08/0.34-0.37 (0.98-1.07/0.32-0.34), femur 2.25- 2.27/0.32-0.33 (2.17-2.33/0.30), patella 2.12-2.13/0.35 (2.05-2.29/0.32-0.33), length of pedicel 0.97-0.99 (0.97- 1.08), hand with pedicel 1.66-1.71/0.53-0.55 (1.54- 1.65/0.47-0.53), length of pedicel 0.31-0.32 (0.27-0.34), length of finger 2.40-2.42 (2.22-2.27), length of chela with pedicel 4.04-4.08 (3.81-3.84), without pedicel 3.72-3.77 (3.49-3.55). Leg I: femur 1.22-1.23/0.22- 0.23 (1.21-1.31/0.21-0.22), patella 0.81-0.82/0.20- 0.21 (0.80-0.86/0.18-0.19), tibia 1.17-1.31/0.15-0.16 1.15-1.21/0.13-0.14), basitarsus 0.54-0.55/0.14 (0.54- 0.56/0.13-0.14), telotarsus 0.76-0.77/0.14-0.15 (0.72- 0.76/0.15-0.16). Leg IV: femur+patella 2.07-2.08/0.28- 0.32 (1.96-2.14/0.29-0.31), length of femur 0.93-0.95 (0.90-0.93), tibia 1.97-2.02/0.19-0.20 (1.95-2.14/0.19- 0.20), basitarsus 0.70/0.16-0.18 (0.64-0.73/0.15), telotarsus 0.87-0.88/0.16-0.17 (0.84-0.85/0.14-0.15). Remarks: Bisetocreagris baozinensis n. sp. belongs to a group of species (B. chinacavernicola n. comb., B. cavernarum n. sp., B. martii n. comb., B. chuanensis n. sp.) possessing a long patellar pedicel which is about half of the total patella length. The new species clearly differs from B. martii n. comb. by the absence of eyes and by much more slender and longer pedipalps (e.g. femur 7.0-7.7 times, length 2.17-2.33 vs 4.25 times, length 1.58). Bisetocregaris cavernarum n. sp. and B. chuanensis n. sp. possess two or four indistinct eyes (vs absence of eye-spots in B. baozinensis n. sp.) and have stouter and shorter pedipalps (e.g. femur max. 5.8 times longer than broad, length max. 2.10 vs min. 7.0 times, length min. 2.17 in B. baozinensis)., Published as part of Volker Mahnert & Yun-chun Li, 2016, Cave-inhabiting Neobisiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from China, with description of four new species of Bisetocreagris ��ur��i��, pp. 259-268 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 on pages 264-265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.155299

Key to the known species of the subgenus Cardiobioramix from China 1. Pronotum widest near to or at the base.................................................................... 2 - Pronotum widest at the middle or more anteriorly............................................................ 3 2. Pronotum widest just before the base. Pronotal base nearly straight. Protarsi slightly widened, nearly as wide as protibiae. Parameres gradually narrowing towards apex. Phallobase ca. 1.6 times as long as parameres, not S-curved in lateral view, nearly straight........................................................... Bioramix szetschuana (Kaszab, 1940) - Pronotum widest at the base. Pronotal base shallowly bisinuate. Protarsi strongly widened, wider than protibiae. Parameres sharply narrowed in apical 1 / 4 and nearly parallel-sided up to distal end. Phallobase ca. 2.2 times as long as parameres, strongly curved in lateral view................................................. Bioramix splendida Egorov, 2006 3. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuate or nearly straight.................................................. 4 - Anterior margin of pronotum deeply sinuate................................................................ 7 4. Pronotal base strongly arcuate. Anterior and posterior angles of pronotum sharp and rectangular. Parameres with moderately narrowed apical part, not S-curved in lateral view, nearly straight.................. Bioramix korschefskyi (Kaszab, 1940) - Pronotal base straight or shallowly bisinuate. Anterior angles of pronotum obtuse, posterior angles sharp and rectangular or weakly obtuse. Parameres with slightly S-curved in lateral view................................................. 5 5. Pronotal base straight. Protarsi slightly widened, nearly as wide as protibiae. Metatibiae straight. Parameres gradually and almost straightly narrowing towards apex, with sharp apices.......................... Bioramix asidioides Bates, 1879 - Posterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuate. Protarsi strongly widened, wider than protibiae. Metatibiae slightly incurved. Parameres with rounded apices.......................................................................... 6 6. Elytra with distinct bronze shine. Anterior half of outer margin of epipleura visible from above. Protibiae nearly straight. Parameres almost straightly narrowing in basal 1 / 2, shallowly sinuate before distal 1 / 2, with very rounded apices.................................................................................. Bioramix championi (Reitter, 1891) - Elytra with very weak bronze shine. Outer margin of epipleural visible dorsally at base. Protibiae weakly curved in basal 1 / 3. Parameres gradually and almost straightly narrowing in basal 2 / 3, shallowly sinuate before distal 1 / 3, with widely rounded apices......................................................................... Bioramix kabaki Egorov, 2006 7. Elytral punctures with coarse setae in the middle. Traces of rows on elytral surface almost invisible. Dorsal surface of each elytron with 3 longitudinal carinae. Parameres strongly narrowing apically; with obtused apices.................................................................................................. Bioramix kulzeri (Kaszab, 1960) - Elytral punctures with fine setae, almost invisible or visible only at elytral declivity. Elytral surface with noticeable traces of distinct rows. Parameres slightly narrowing apically; with rounded or sharp apices................................. 8 8. Anterior half of the outer margin of epipleura visible dorsally. Protarsi strongly widened, wider than protibiae............ 9 - Only basal part of the outer margin of epipleura visible dorsally. Protarsi slightly widened, nearly as wide as protibiae.... 10 9. Anterior margin of clypeus weakly, but noticeably arcuate in the middle. Antenna long, with three apical segments reaching beyond pronotal base. Elytral surface with rows of sparse punctations much larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Inner surface of protibiae covered with coarse setae. Parameres elongated, S-shaped curved distal part than all other congeners............................................................................... Bioramix jinchuanensis sp. nov. - Anterior margin of clypeus straight. Antenna short, with two apical segments reaching beyond pronotal base. Elytral surface with rows of sparse punctations as large as or slightly larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Inner surface of protibiae not covered with setae. Outer margins of parameres evenly narrowing towards apex, not S-curved in lateral view, nearly straight. .................................................................... Bioramix subaenescens (Schuster, 1923) 10. Antenna short, with only the apical segment reaching beyond pronotal base. Elytral surface with traces of rows of punctations as large as or slightly larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Metatibiae weakly incurved. Parameres almost parallel to the basal part and then gradually tapered to the apex.................................... Bioramix maoxianensis sp. nov. - Antenna long, with two apical segments reaching beyond pronotal base. Elytral surface with distinct rows of punctations much larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Metatibiae straight. Parameres moderately narrowed in apical part..................................................................................... Bioramix chinensis (Kaszab, 1940), Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun, Egorov, L. V. & Shi, Ai-Min, 2016, Two new species of the subgenus Cardiobioramix Kaszab (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Bioramix Bates) from the Sichuan Province, China, pp. 584-590 in Zootaxa 4111 (5) on pages 589-590, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/271504, {"references":["Kaszab, Z. (1940) Revision der Tenebrioniden-Tribus Platyscelini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30 (1), 119 - 235.","Egorov, L. V. (2006) New species of the tenebrionid-beetle subgenus Cardiobioramix Kasz., genus Bioramix Bat. (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Platyscelidini), from the Chinese Provinces Gansu and Sichuan. Entomological Review, 86 (9), 1016 - 1023.","Bates, F. (1879) Characters of the new genera and species of Heteromera collected by Dr. Stoliczka during the Forsyth Expedition to Kashgar in 1873 - 74. Cistula Entomologica, 2, 467 - 484.","Reitter, E. (1891) Coleopterologische Notizen. XLI. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 10, 226 - 228.","Kaszab, Z. (1960) Die Tenebrioniden Afghanistans, auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Sammelreise des Herrn J. Klapperich in den Jahren 1952 / 53 (Coleoptera). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 11 (1), 1 - 179.","Schuster, A. (1923) Neue palaarktische Tenebrioniden (Coleopt.). Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 40, 156 - 162. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 2602"]}

Bioramix (Cardiobioramix) jinchuanensis sp. nov. (Figs 1 ���15, 31��� 32) Type material. Holotype: male, CHINA: Sichuan, Jinchuan, 31 �� 30 ' N, 102 ��03' E, 2469 m, 31 Jul. 2012, Yun-chun Li and Yong-ping Lai leg. (MCWNU). Paratype: 1 female, same data as the holotype (MCWNU). Diagnosis. This new species resembles Bioramix (Cardiobioramix) chinensis (Kaszab, 1940) and B. (C.) korschefskyi (Kaszab, 1940) in having similar length of antennae (when posteriorly extended, reaching pronotal base), transverse pronotum (widest near the middle), elytral surface covered with rows of sparse large punctures, and strongly widened protarsi. It can be distinguished from the above-mentioned species by having anterior margin of clypeus weakly arcuate in the middle, slightly longer antenna (with three apical segments reaching beyond pronotal base) and elongated parameres, which are S-shaped and curved in their distal part. Etymology. Named after the type locality, Jinchuan. Description. Body black, weakly shining, elytra with very weak bronze shine; antennae and legs brownish. Male (Figs 1���12). Anterior margin of clypeus weakly arcuate in the middle. Genal margin parallel before eyes. Eyes transverse, anterior margin with shallow emargination, not protruding beyond contours of head. Temples slightly protruding outwards behind eyes, then sharply narrowed backwards. Vertex convex, with moderately dense punctation. Frontoclypeal suture shallow. Antennae (Fig. 1) long, with three apical segments reaching beyond pronotal base when posteriorly extended. Length (width) ratio of antennomeres from 2 nd to 11 th as follows: 25 (16): 63 (18): 35 (18): 33 (17): 35 (17): 36 (17): 34 (18): 30 (18): 26 (20): 36 (20). Pronotum (Fig. 2) transverse, 1.3 times as wide as long, widest near middle, 1.7 times as wide as head. Ratio of pronotal width at anterior margin to its maximum width and width at the base 0.7: 1.0: 0.9. Lateral margins of pronotum weakly arcuate, nearly parallel in basal 1 / 6, finely bordered along entire length. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuate, base straight, both bordered laterally. Anterior angles of pronotum weakly obtuse, rounded apically; posterior ones nearly rectangular. Pronotal surface between lateral margins convex; with moderately dense coarse punctation. Prothoracic hypomera concave, with longitudinal wrinkles. Intercoxal prosternal process weakly obtuse, projecting beyond level of procoxae (in lateral view). Elytra elongate-oval, 1.6 times as long as wide, maximum width before middle, 1.7 times as wide as pronotum. Outer margin of epipleura reaching apex of elytra, anterior half visible from above. Elytral surface between epipleura and sutural margin convex, with rows of sparse large punctures much larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Epipleural surface with irregular wrinkles and sparse small granules. Abdominal ventrites with yellow setae. First and second abdominal ventrites with shallow impressions in the middle. Last abdominal ventrite without depression and impunctate semicircular area. Legs (Figs 3���7) robust, length (width) ratio of pro-, meso- and metafemorae 75 (23): 82 (20): 100 (20); tibiae: 65 (16): 67 (14): 94 (16). Protibiae 4.2 times as long as wide, gradually widened towards apex; outer margin slightly extended at apex, inner surface with dense hairs and strong setae at apical 2 / 3. Metatibiae slightly incurved. Second and third protarsomeres wider than apical margin of protibia. Plantar surface of 1 st to 4 th pro- and mesotarsomeres with hair brushes. Length (width) ratio of pro- and mesotarsomeres from 1 st to 5 th as follows: 7.7 (9.0): 10.3 (17.4): 9.0(16.1): 5.2 (11.6): 14.8 (5.2) and 12.3 (9.7): 11.0(13.5): 9.7 (11.6): 5.8 (9.0): 16.8 (4.5), metatarsomeres 1 st to 4 th: 35.5 (7.1): 19.4 (6.5): 14.2 (6.5): 20.0(5.8). Aedeagus (Figs 8���10): length 5.2 mm, width 1.3 mm. Parameres 1.8 mm long and 0.8 mm wide, with outer margins gradually narrowing towards apex; Parameres elongated, S-shaped curved distal part. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 11. Apical margin of abdominal sternite VIII deeply sinuate (Fig. 12). Female (Figs 13���15). Body larger. Antennae shorter than in male. Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long, 1.6 times as wide as head. Ratio of pronotal width at anterior margin to its maximum width and width at base 0.6: 1.0: 0.9. Elytra 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as wide as pronotum. Anterior 1 / 3 of outer margin of epipleura visible from above. Plantar surface of pro- and mesotarsomeres without brush. Ovipositor as in Figs 13���14. Spiculum ventrale as in Fig. 15. Measurements. Male body length 14.9 mm, width 6.9 mm; female body length 15.6 mm, width 7.7 mm. Distribution. China: Sichuan (Jinchuan), between Daxue Shan and Qionglai Shan., Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun, Egorov, L. V. & Shi, Ai-Min, 2016, Two new species of the subgenus Cardiobioramix Kaszab (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Bioramix Bates) from the Sichuan Province, China, pp. 584-590 in Zootaxa 4111 (5) on pages 585-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/271504, {"references":["Kaszab, Z. (1940) Revision der Tenebrioniden-Tribus Platyscelini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30 (1), 119 - 235."]}

Bisetocreagris sp. Material examined: 1♀ (in MSWU), 1♂ (in MHNG); China, Henan Province, Nei Xiang, Ban Chang Town, Tian Xian Cave, alt. 683 m, 33��26.732���N 111��38.795���E; 24 May 2014; coll. Yun-chun Li and Yu-Cheng Lin. Description (based mainly on ♀): Carapace nearly as long as broad, smooth, with anterior margin slightly protruding medially, 4 big eyes with distinct lenses present, anterior ones about their diameter away from anterior carapace margin, chaetotaxy: 6/4/6/7-8; tergites mostly with 11-13 marginal setae. Manducatory process with 3-4 setae, pedipalpal coxa 8, coxa I 8-9, II 6, III 4-5, IV 10; genital operculum with 10 (5/5) medial marginal and discal setae; sternite III with anteromedian groove; III and IV with 6 and 4-5 suprastigmal setae, respectively, the following sternites with 18-20 marginal setae, on VI-X 2 submedial setae placed submarginally. Pleural membrane granular. Chelicera: 7 setae on hand, fixed finger with 10 triangular teeth, movable finger with 14 teeth without thickened lamella; galea: a short broad stump on left chelicera (clearly broken), on right chelicera a transparent broad hump; serrula exterior with 36 blades. Rallum with 8 pinnate setae, the distal one with an expanded base. Pedipalp: Femur and club of patella on medial face finely granular (in part indistinctly), hand on medial face indistinctly granular; trochanter with a small ventral hump, 2.2 times, femur 4.4 (♂ 4.2) times, patella 3.0 (♂ 2.8) times, club distinctly (2.51/ ♂ 2.25 times) longer than pedicel, hand with pedicel 1.8 (♂ 2.0) times, chela with pedicel 3.6 (♂ 4.5) times, without pedicel 3.45 times longer than broad; finger 1.08 (♂ 1.27) times longer than hand with pedicel. Fixed finger with 74 teeth (cusped in distal third of tooth row), movable finger with 78 teeth (only the distal 18 cusped). Trichobothria (8+4): on fixed finger it indistinctly proximal et, est in middle of finger slightly nearer to et than to ist; five trichobothria at finger base and on hand; movable finger: st distinctly nearer to t than to sb, sb nearer to b than to st. Measurements of pedipalp of ♀ (♂ in parentheses): Femur 1.10/0.25 (1.01/0.24), patella 0.93/0.36 (0.85/0.31), length of pedicel 0.27 (0.26), hand with pedicel 0.95/0.54 (0.81/0.40), length of pedicel 0.13 (0.09), length of finger 1.03 (1.03), of chela with pedicel 1.96 (1.83). Remarks: This seems to be an edaphic species occasionally occurring in caves. It is similar to Bisetocreagris orientalis (Chamberlin), as defined by Harvey (1999), but differs by the somewhat more slender pedipalpal segments. Variability of those characters being unknown and knowledge of the neobisiid genera and species (particularly of Bisetocreagris) from this region being fragmentary, we refrain from attributing these specimens to a described species., Published as part of Volker Mahnert & Yun-chun Li, 2016, Cave-inhabiting Neobisiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from China, with description of four new species of Bisetocreagris ��ur��i��, pp. 259-268 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 on page 267, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.155299, {"references":["Harvey M. S. 1999. The Asian species of Microcreagris Balzan (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) described by J. C. Chamberlin. Acta arachnologica 48: 93 - 105."]}

Bisetocreagris chuanensis n. sp. Figs 1-5 Holotype: MSWU; ♂; China, Guizhou Province, Xin Hua Town, Jin Sha, Chuan Cave, alt. 1387 m, 27��23.797���N 106��06.104���E; 30 April 2010, coll. Yu-Cheng Lin. This large cave has a length of 700 m and is 70 m high; the pseudoscorpion was collected by hand under rocks, together with some spiders. Paratypes: 1♂ (in MCSNV), 1♀ (in MHNG); China, Guizhou Province, Qianxi, Hong Lin Village, Wang Tian Dong, alt. 1500 m, cave length 770 m, 27��06���59������N, 105��53���37������E; 13 November 2001; coll. L. Latello & G. Gozzo. Diagnosis: Troglobiomorphic habitus; carapace with 2 small eyes with indistinct lenses, 8 setae on posterior margin; anterior tergites with 10-11 marginal setae; pedipalp smooth excepted for hand with finely granular dorsodistal part; pedipalp slender, femur 4.4-4.8 times (length 1.56-1.70), patella 3.1-3.5 times (length 1.39- 1.53), club of patella 1.16-1.34 times longer than pedicel and about half the length of entire patella, hand with pedicel 1.7-2.0 times (length 1.22-1.42), chela with pedicel 3.7-4.0 times (length 2.57-2.83) longer than broad, finger as long as or longer than hand with pedicel. Chelicera: rallum with 8-9 pinnate setae, distal one with an expanded base. Etymology: Latinized adjective, derived from the name of the locus typicus, the Chuan cave. Description of males (female in parentheses): Carapace in anterior half reddish or yellow, basal part lighter and with several unsclerotized areas; pedipalp and chelicera reddish to light brown; abdominal segments yellowish. Carapace smooth, with 2 (anterior) eyes with indistinct lenses, about 2 diameters from the anterior margin; anterior margin with a small rounded knob, without a distinct epistome; a shallow transversal furrow present; chaetotaxy: 6/8-9/6/7-8: 27-29 (6/6/4/7: 23). Tergites undivided, chaetotaxy: 10-11/10/9- 10/9- 11/11 /10/10-11/ 10/10/8 /6-8 (7/7/7/8/7/7/9/ 9/10/11 /9/7), X-XI with numerous pores. Anal cone 2+2. Manducatory process with 5 (4) marginal setae; pedipalpal coxa with 6-8 (4) setae, two round lyrifissures, coxa I 8-9 (5), II 6-8 (5-6), III 4-6 (3), IV 8-10 (6); genital operculum with 31 setae (posterior ones longer than anterior ones)(♀: 10 medial marginal and discal setae), genital opening with 4/4 simple interior setae, median genital sac undivided, apically enlarged, short (reaching anterior half of sternite IV); lateral genital sacs short, caudally bent and apically inflated. Sternite III with anteromedian groove flanked by one small seta on each side, with 18 long setae (7 medial discal setae)+ 5/6 (4) suprastigmal setae, IV-XI: 11+ 2x 5/17/15 /14/ 13/14/12 /4 (2 lateral tactile setae) (♀: 11+ 2x 4/16/ 14/13/12 / 12/10/8), VI-X with 2 submedial, submarginal setae. Pleural membrane granular. Chelicera (Fig. 1): Hand with 6-7 setae, fixed finger with 13-15 small, pointed teeth, movable finger with 12-14 pointed teeth (medial ones on a slightly thickened lamella), subgaleal seta short, not reaching finger tip; galea (Fig. 2 a, b): one male with a transparent rounded spinneret, the other one with a rounded spinneret (left) and a short transparent stump (right), indicating the presence of a broken galea; female with a short galea with two tiny apical branchlets (Fig. 2 b); serrula exterior 36-40, serrula interior 30-34 blades (distal one deeply forked). Rallum (Fig. 3) with 8 (9) pinnate setae, distal one separated and with expanded base, proximal one short. Pedipalp (Figs 4, 5): Smooth excepted for dorsodistal part of hand with fine granulation; trochanter with a small rounded ventral hump, 2.3 (2.5) times, femur distally enlarged, 4.4-4.6 (4.8) times, patella 3.1 (3.5) times longer than broad, club 1.6-1.7 (2.0) times longer than broad and 1.16-1.24 (1.34) times longer than pedicel, hand with pedicel 1.7-2.0 (1.9) times, chela with pedicel 3.7-4.0 (4.0) times, without pedicel 3.4-3.7 (3.7) times longer than broad, finger as long as or 1.14-1.21 (♀ ♂ paratypes) times longer than hand with pedicel. Fixed finger with 104-109 (91) cusped teeth, row shorter than on movable finger, movable finger with 103-112 (85) teeth, about 20 distal ones with tiny cusps. Trichobothria (Fig. 5): 12 (8+4) (♀: 8+3 on left finger: st absent), eb-esb on hand, ib-isb-ist grouped at fixed finger base, it distal of et, est distinctly nearer to et than to ist; sb on movable finger halfway between b and st; very short venom duct in fixed finger. Leg I: Femur 4.1-4.4 (4.5) times, patella 3.1-3.4 (3.1) times, tibia 5.8-6.1 (6.65) times, basitarsus 2.9-3.0 (3.0) times, telotarsus 4.6-5.0 (4.8) times longer than deep, femur 1.5-1.6 (1.6) times longer than patella, telotarsus 1.5-1.7 (1.7) times longer than basitarsus. Leg IV: Femur+patella 4.5-4.8 (5.1) times longer than deep, femur shorter than patella, tibia 7.7-7.9 (7.3) times, basitarsus 3.0-3.4 (3.2) times, telotarsus 5.1 (5.2) times longer than deep; tibia with one tactile seta in middle (TS=0.47-0.55), basitarsus with two tactile setae (basally, distally) (TS= 0.13, TS= 0.83-0.86), telotarsus with a tactile seta near middle (TS=0.46-0.47); subterminal seta forked and dentate, claws slender and smooth, arolia undivided and distinctly shorter than claws. Measurements of holotype ♂ (of paratype ♂; ♀ in parentheses): Body length 4.43 (3.50; 3.45); carapace 1.24/1.12 (1.28/1.12; 1.12/0.96). Pedipalp: trochanter 0.92/0.39 (-; 0.89/0.34), femur 1.70/0.38 (1.61/0.35; 1.56/0.33), patella 1.53/0.50 (1.39/0.45; 1.44/0.41), length of pedicel 0.69 (0.64; 0.62), hand with pedicel 1.42/0.70 (1.22/0.72; 1.26/0.65), length of pedicel 0.25 (0.21; 0.21), length of finger 1.41 (1.49; 1.43), length of chela with pedicel 2.83 (2.69; 2.57). Leg I: femur 0.96/0.22 (0.94/0.23; 0.87/0.19), patella 0.59/0.19 (0.64/0.19; 0.55/0.18), tibia 0.87/0.15 (0.86/0.14); 0.78/0.12), basitarsus 0.38/0.13 (0.37/0.12; 0.35/0.12), telotarsus 0.58/0.13 (0.62/0.1; 0.58/0.12). Leg IV: femur+patella 1.59/0.35 (1.60/0.33; 1.48/0.29), length of femur 0.71 (0.70; 0.67), tibia 1.62/0.21 (1.48/0.19; 1.33/0.18), basitarsus 0.52/0.17 (0.51/0.15; 0.45/0.14), telotarsus 0.73/0.14 (0.73/0.14; 0.72/0.14). Remarks: This new species is similar, in pedipalpal measurements and proportions, to B. martii n. comb. from the Guo Quan Dong Cave (Yunnan Province) and to B. lampra (Chamberlin, 1931) from Gu Shan, Fukien Province. All three belong to a group of species in which the pedicel of the patella is about half the length of the patella. Compared to B. martii n. comb., the new species has only two tiny eyes (four distinct ones in B. martii n. comb.), smooth pedipalpal segments except for the chelal hand, and more numerous teeth on the pedipalpal fingers (fixed/movable finger: 109/122 vs 83/81 vs 81). Bisetocreagris chuanensis n. sp. differs from B. lampra by the presence of only two eyes on the carapace (vs four in B. lampra), by the smooth pedipalpal femur and patella, by a more slender pedipalpal femur (4.4 times vs 3.56 times) and a more slender patella (3.1 times vs 2.3 times), and by a stouter chela with pedicel 4.0 times (vs 4.7 times) longer than broad. Furthermore, trichobothria et/it are distinctly distal to t in B. chuanensis n. sp., but on the same level of t in B. lampra, st is on the same level of est in the new species, but distinctly distal to est in B. lampra., Published as part of Volker Mahnert & Yun-chun Li, 2016, Cave-inhabiting Neobisiidae (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from China, with description of four new species of Bisetocreagris ��ur��i��, pp. 259-268 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 on pages 260-261, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.155299, {"references":["Chamberlin J. C. 1931. The arachnid order Chelonethida. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences 7 (1): 1 - 284."]}

Bioramix (Cardiobioramix) maoxianensis sp. nov. (Figs. 16 ���30, 33��� 34) Type material. Holotype: male, CHINA: Sichuan, Maoxian, 31 �� 41 ' N, 103 �� 49 ' E, 1900 m, 25 Jul. 2012, Yun-chun Li and Yong-ping Lai leg. (MCWNU). Paratypes: 7 males and 10 females, same data as holotype (MCWNU). Diagnosis. This new species resembles Bioramix (Cardiobioramix) szetschuana (Kaszab, 1940), B. (C.) kulzeri (Kaszab, 1960) and B. (C.) subaenescens (Schuster, 1923) in having similar length of antennae (reaching pronotal base when posteriorly extended), and strongly widened protrasi (nearly as wide or wider than protibia). It can be distinguished from the above-mentioned species by having slightly shorter antenna (with only apical segment reaching beyond pronotal base), elytral surface with traces of rows of punctures as large as or slightly larger than those on rest of elytral surface, more strongly widened protarsi (wider than protibia), and almost parallel basal part of parameres, which are apically evenly tapered. Etymology. Named after the type locality, Maoxian. Description. Body black, weakly shining; antennae brownish. Male (Figs 16���27). Anterior margin of clypeus straight. Genal margin parallel before eyes. Eyes transverse, anterior margin with shallow emargination, not protruding beyond contours of head. Temples weakly narrowed backwards. Vertex convex, with moderately dense fine punctation. Frontoclypeal suture shallow. Antennae long, with apical segment reaching beyond pronotal base when posteriorly extended. Length (width) ratio of antennomeres from 2 nd to 11 th as follows: 21 (15): 52 (14): 31 (14): 32 (14): 32 (14): 33 (15): 29 (18): 26 (18): 24 (18): 32 (19). Pronotum (Fig. 17) transverse, 1.2���1.4 (1.3 on average, n= 8) times as wide as long, widest near middle, 1.7��� 1.9 (1.8 on average, n= 8) times as wide as head. Ratio of pronotal width at anterior margin to its maximum width and width at base (n= 8) 0.6: 1.0: 0.9. Lateral margins of pronotum weakly arcuate, finely bordered along entire length. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuate, bordered laterally; base weakly bisinuate, not bordered or bordered laterally. Anterior angles of pronotum obtuse; posterior ones nearly rectangular. Pronotal surface between lateral margins convex, with punctures as large as or a little larger than those on head. Prothoracic hypomera concave, with longitudinal wrinkles. Intercoxal process of prosternum obtuse, projecting beyond level of procoxae (in lateral view). Elytra oval, 1.3���1.5 (1.4 on average, n= 8) times as long as wide, maximum width before middle, 1.3���1.5 (1.4 on average, n= 8) times as wide as pronotum. Outer margin of epipleura reaching sutural angle, visible dorsally only at base. Elytral surface between epipleura and sutural margin convex, with traces of rows of sparse punctures as large as or slightly larger than those on rest of elytral surface. Epipleural surface with irregular wrinkles and small granules. Abdominal ventrites with yellow setae, abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 with shallow impression in middle; middle of base of last abdominal ventrite with shallowly depressed, impunctate semicircular area, apical margin wide rounded. Legs (Figs 18���22) moderately robust, length (width) ratio of pro-, meso- and metafemora 77 (26): 88 (24): 100 (21); tibiae: 72 (15): 73 (14): 103 (15). Protibiae 4.7 times as long as wide, gradually widening towards apex, inner surface with dense hairs and strong setae at apical 1 / 2. Metatibiae weakly incurved. Second protarsomeres nearly as wide as the apical margin of protibia. Plantar surface of pro- and mesotarsomeres from 1 st to 4 th with hair brushes. Length (width) ratio of pro- and mesotarsomeres from 1 st to 5 th as follows: 7.7 (6.9): 9.2 (15.4): 7.7 (14.6): 4.6 (10.8): 16.9 (5.4) and 8.5 (9.2): 10.1 (11.5): 7.7 (10.8): 5.4 (8.5): 16.2 (4.6), metatarsomeres 1 to 4: 33.1 (6.2): 12.3 (6.9): 11.5 (6.2): 17.7 (4.6). Aedeagus (Figs 23���25): length 3.6 mm, width 1.0 mm. Parameres 1.3 mm long and 0.7 mm wide, almost parallel to the basal part and then gradually tapered to the apex. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 26. Apical margin of abdominal inner sternite VIII sinuate (Fig. 27). Female (Figs 28���30). Body wider. Antennae shorter than in male. Pronotum 1.2���1.4 (1.3 on average, n= 8) times as wide as long, 1.7���1.9 (1.8 on average, n= 8) times as wide as head. Ratio of pronotal width at anterior margin to its maximum width and width at base 0.7: 1.0: 0.9. Elytra 1.2���1.4 (1.3 on average, n= 8) times as long as wide, 1.1���1.4 (1.3 on average, n= 8) times as wide as pronotum. Plantar surface of pro- and mesotarsomeres without brush. Ovipositor as in Figs 28���29. Spiculum ventrale as in Fig. 30. Measurements. Male body length 13.5���14.7 mm, width 6.5 ���7.0 mm; female body length 13.2���15.2 mm, width 6.7���7.6 mm. Distribution. China: Sichuan (Maoxian), between Min Shan and Qionglai Shan., Published as part of Li, Yun-Chun, Egorov, L. V. & Shi, Ai-Min, 2016, Two new species of the subgenus Cardiobioramix Kaszab (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Bioramix Bates) from the Sichuan Province, China, pp. 584-590 in Zootaxa 4111 (5) on pages 587-589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/271504, {"references":["Kaszab, Z. (1940) Revision der Tenebrioniden-Tribus Platyscelini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 30 (1), 119 - 235.","Kaszab, Z. (1960) Die Tenebrioniden Afghanistans, auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Sammelreise des Herrn J. Klapperich in den Jahren 1952 / 53 (Coleoptera). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 11 (1), 1 - 179.","Schuster, A. (1923) Neue palaarktische Tenebrioniden (Coleopt.). Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 40, 156 - 162. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 2602"]}