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The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) as the main docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial. Our study aimed to provide detailed information about the role of endogenous n-3 PUFAs in AD.Here, we generated a fat-1/tau transgenic mouse AD model by crossing female tau mice with male fat-1 mice to exclude confounding variables associated with the benefit of a DHA diet in these AD mice models. PUFAs presented in these AD models were detected by gas chromatography, and the role of endogenous n-3 PUFAs was assessed by lifespan survival assay, behavioral, pathologic, and molecular biology testing as well as imaging of cerebral vasculature.Endogenous n-3 PUFAs were shown to improve the memory and learning ability of AD mice. One possible reason for this improvement is the reduced formation of neurotrophic factors (NFTs) and Aβ amyloid plaques which usually damage hippocampal neurons. Additionally, endogenous n-3 PUFAs were demonstrated to protect cerebral vascular of AD mice, thereby increasing brain metabolism. Besides, endogenous n-3 PUFAs were observed to extend of the overall survival of tau mouse models.Endogenous n-3 PUFAs delayed the onset of Alzheimer's disease caused by tau protein dysfunction, alleviating related symptoms and significantly prolonging survival in vivo.

The objective of this study was to present a case of a solitary fourth intraventricular schwannoma with a review of the literature, and to analyzing the current theories of its origin and application of trancerebellomedullary fissure approach. The authors presented a primary intraventricle schwannoma occurring in the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle in a 53-year-old female. She presented with severe headache, dysphagia, horizontal nystagmus, ataxia and quadriparesis were detected on initial examination. Imaging studies showed a large mass in the fourth ventricle and a marked hydrocephalus. The tumor was removed by microsurgical dissection using the cerebellomedullary fissure approach at our Institution. Complete removal was achieved and no reccurrence was noted follow-up period of 8 months after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the ninth reported case schwannoma of fourth intraventricule in the literature, which is unrelated to the cranial nerves and cerebellar hemisphere parenchyma, blood vessel or to the dura, is extremely rare. The etiology and natural history of intraventricular schwannomas is not well understood. The presenting clinical, radiological and pathological features of this tumor are summarized. We have discussed the effectiveness of this approach for removal of bulky tumors of the fourth ventricle, the other cases reported in the literature are reviewed and the benefits and potential hazards of trancerebellomedullary fissure (T-CMF) approach. Intraventricular schwannomas are benign tumours that are amenable to complete surgical removal, having a good prognosis without the need of adjuvant therapy.

In this paper, a multirate processing approach for microwave imaging is presented. This approach has the advantages of largely compressing the raw spectral data for imaging, greatly reducing the storage requirement and enhancing the processing efficiency. To demonstrate its applicability, the proposed approach is tested on both simulated and experimental data.