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Bleeding due to esophageal varices is associated with high mortality and hospital costs. The incidence of morbidity and mortality can be reduced with appropriate treatment measures by identifying the predictors of re-bleeding at admission. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the risk factors for rebleeding in hospitalized esophageal varices patients using factors included in the Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) scoring system. In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients were evaluated for bleeding from esophageal varices. Some characteristics and variables were recorded, including age, gender, cause of disease, CTP classification score, and clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory findings. Patients were divided into two groups with and without bleeding from esophageal varices, and predictive factors were identified in both groups. Besides, a genetic predictor factor, i.e. plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1), was evaluated by the Real-time PCR technique. Sixty-eight patients in the non-re-bleeding group with a mean age of 49.88 ± 16.42 years and 32 patients with a mean age of 54.22 ± 19.81 years were in the group with re-bleeding. Varicose vein size, encephalopathy, ascites, and CTP classification had a predictive effect on re-bleeding. Twelve people were in class A, 59 people in class B and 29 people in class C had CTP classification. The sensitivity of CTP, PAI-1 gene expression, and bilirubin in prediction through the ROC chart were calculated to be more than 85%, 61.4%, and 62%, respectively. In general, determining the degree and score of CTP at the time of referral of a patient with varicose hemorrhage provides valuable information on the risk of bleeding. Patients with class B CTP were strongly susceptible to re-bleeding in this study. Also, with increased bilirubin or ascites and more severe encephalopathy, the risk of bleeding is higher, and these people should be followed up.

Type 1 recombinant enterovirus G (EV-G), which carries the papain-like cysteine protease (PLCP) gene of torovirus between its 2C/3A regions, and type 2 recombinant EV-G, which carries the torovirus PLCP gene with its flanking regions having non-EV-G sequences in place of the viral structural genes, have been detected in pig farms in several countries. In a previous study, we collected 222 fecal samples from 77 pig farms from 2104 to 2016 and detected one type 2 recombinant EV-G genome by metagenomics sequencing. In this study, we reanalyzed the metagenomic data and detected 11 type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes. In addition, we discovered new type 2 recombinant EV-G genomes of the two strains from two pig farms samples in 2018 and 2019. Thus, we identified the genomes of 13 novel type 2 recombinant EV-Gs isolated from several pig farms in Japan. Type 2 recombinant EV-G has previously been detected only in neonatal piglets. The present findings suggest that type 2 recombinant EV-G replicates in weaning piglets and sows. The detection of type 1 recombinant EV-Gs and type 2 recombinant EV-Gs at 3-year and 2-year intervals, respectively, from the same pig farm suggests that the viruses were persistently infecting or circulating in these farms.

Aiming at the characteristics of the large-scale power electronic equipment access in modern power system, the inertia is continuously reduced. Based on the stability graph theory, the inertia evaluation method for power electronic system is proposed and designed. The method derives the relationship between inertia and active power from the second-order rocking equation model of the power system. Then, based on the output equivalence principle, the equivalent model of the new energy generation system is established by the synchronous machine rocking model. Further, the combination is stable. The graph method identifies the equivalent inertia of the wind farm and the fan based on the active power of the grid connection point. The simulation and measured tests show that the inertia estimated by this method can effectively adapt to the evaluation of the equivalent inertia of the wind farm, thus significantly improving the level of inertia assessment of the power system.