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Additional file 1. Supplementary methods, results, figures and tables.

There is a growing consensus that perceptions of coherence, purpose, and mattering represent primary indicators of the subjective experience of meaning in life (MIL; Costin & Vignoles, 2019). While these variables are supported by recent empirical research, it is unclear whether they encompass all information people consider when judging the meaningfulness of their lives. Based on the ideas of classic (Frankl, 1986) and contemporary (Martella & Steger, 2016) meaning in life scholars, the current research examines whether valuing one’s life experiences, or experiential appreciation (EA), constitutes another unique indicator of MIL. Study 1 provided support for this idea showing that a theorized hub of meaning, generativity, was uniquely associated with purpose, mattering, and EA. Studies 2-4 used cross sectional and daily diary methodology to directly support the claim that EA predicted global evaluation of MIL above and beyond the contribution of coherence, purpose, mattering. Finally, Studies 5 & 6 experimentally influenced EA by exposing participants stimuli high in intrinsic value (awe inspiring videos), and showed that the EA manipulation indirectly influenced MIL. Importantly, in both studies, these indirect effects were not found though other indicators of MIL. Overall, these findings support Frankl’s argument that valuing one’s experiences is uniquely tied to perceptions of meaning. Implications for the incorporation of EA as a primary indicator of MIL are discussed. This manuscript has not yet been published

A single integer linear programming model for optimally scheduling partitioned regular algorithms is presented. The herein presented methodology differs from existing methods in the following capabilities: 1) Not only constraints on the number of available processors and communication capabilities are taken into account, but also local memories and constraints on the size of available memories. 2) Different types of processors can be handled. 3) The size of the optimization model (number of integer variables) is independent of the size of the tiles to be executed. Hence, 4) the number of integer variables in the optimization model is greatly reduced such that problems of relevant size can be solved in practical execution time.

International audience; Ocean color measured from satellites provides daily, global estimates of marine inherent optical properties (IOPs). Semi-analytical algorithms (SAAs) provide one mechanism for inverting the color of the water observed by the satellite into IOPs. While numerous SAAs exist, most are similarly constructed and few are appropriately parameterized for all water masses for all seasons. To initiate community-wide discussion of these limitations, NASA organized two workshops that deconstructed SAAs to identify similarities and uniqueness and to progress toward consensus on a unified SAA. This effort resulted in the development of the generalized IOP (GIOP) model software that allows for the construction of different SAAs at runtime by selection from an assortment of model parameterizations. As such, GIOP permits isolation and evaluation of specific modeling assumptions, construction of SAAs, development of regionally tuned SAAs, and execution of ensemble inversion modeling. Working groups associated with the workshops proposed a preliminary default configuration for GIOP (GIOP-DC), with alternative model parameterizations and features defined for subsequent evaluation. In this paper, we: (1) describe the theoretical basis of GIOP; (2) present GIOP-DC and verify its comparable performance to other popular SAAs using both in situ and synthetic data sets; and, (3) quantify the sensitivities of their output to their parameterization. We use the latter to develop a hierarchical sensitivity of SAAs to various model parameterizations, to identify components of SAAs that merit focus in future research, and to provide material for discussion on algorithm uncertainties and future emsemble applications.

Changes in the phase composition and crystallite size of a rapid quenched Nd4.5Fe77B18.5 alloy, caused by thermomagnetic measurements (TM) have been studied using XRD methods of phase analysis, crystallite size and lattice microstrain determination. Structural changes in regard to optimal magnetic state were additionally analyzed by TEM. Magnetic properties in optimal magnetic state and after TM were observed using room temperature SQUID measurements. The obtained experimental results suggest the Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B and partly α-Fe nanocomposite structure of the alloy in the optimized magnetic state, with mean crystallite size (< 30 nm). After TM, an increased amount of α-Fe phase, presence of different oxide and Fe-B phases as well as growth of crystallites are found to be the main reasons for the observed quality loss of hard magnetic properties.

Mc 2009. Microscopy Conference, Graz, Austria. 30 August - 4 September 2009. First Joint Meeting Of Dreiländertagung And Multinational Congress On Microscopy.

The rapid-quenched (R/Q) and subsequently optimally annealed Nd-Fe-B alloy with 12 wt% Nd was characterized using the X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. It was found that microstructure of the investigated alloy mainly consist of Fe3B, Nd2Fe14B phases and minor content of α-Fe phase, with mean crystal grain sizes being below 30 nm. The ferromagnetic exchange coupling between the grains of identified hard and soft magnetic phases has direct influence on the magnetic properties as it is illustrated by SQUID hysteresis loop. Correlation of the measured magnetic properties with results of microstructure analysis indicates that the investigated rapid-quenched Nd-Fe-B alloy has the nanocomposite structure in optimal magnetic state.

Two autistic children with a chromosome 15q11-q13 inverted duplication are presented. Both had uneventful perinatal courses, normal electroencephalogram and magnetic resonance imaging scans, moderate motor delay, lethargy, severe hypotonia, and modest lactic acidosis. Both had muscle mitochondrial enzyme assays that showed a pronounced mitochondrial hyperproliferation and a partial respiratory chain block most parsimoniously placed at the level of complex III, suggesting candidate gene loci for autism within the critical region may affect pathways influencing mitochondrial function.

In a sporadic case of autism and language deficit due to auditory processing defects, molecular genetic studies revealed that a chromosomal deletion occurred in the 13q12→q13 region. No chromosome abnormalities were detected in the parents. We determined that the deletion occurred on the paternally derived chromosome 13. There are two previous reports of chromosome 13 abnormalities in patients with autism. The deletion in the subject described in this paper maps between the two chromosome 13 linkage peaks described by Bradford et al. (2001) in studies of subjects with autism and language deficits. The 9-Mb region deleted in the patient described here contains at least four genes that are expressed in brain and that play a role in brain development. They are NBEA, MAB21L1, DCAMKL1 and MADH9. These genes therefore represent candidate genes for autism and specific language deficits. Copyright © 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.

To the Editor: We read with interest and much concern the recent recommendation of the College regarding carrier screening in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) descent (Genet Med 2008;10: 54 –56). Specifically, we felt that Recommendation 4, “if only one member of a couple is of AJ background, testing should still be offered,” is quite problematic. As stated in the Guidelines, the cumulative probability of being a carrier for one of the conditions in the panel is between 20 and 25%. One in 4 or 1 in 5 couples where only one member is of AJ descent will be identified as at increased risk to have an affected child and offered testing for that specific condition for the non-AJ partner. The screening of the non-AJ partner for the mutations that occur in the AJ population is an exercise in unknown probabilities (Table 1). Since the frequency of those mutations that occur more often in the AJ population is unknown in non-AJ populations, there is no way to revise a couple’s risk after screening the non-AJ member for the AJ mutations. Counseling a couple that the non-AJ member does not carry any of the AJ mutations does not provide much solace (or information) regarding their risk for a child with one of the AJ genetic conditions. In the case of cystic fibrosis (where gene frequencies are known in various populations) and in the case of Tay-Sachs disease (where enzyme analysis is informative regardless of ethnicity) the Practice Guidelines do provide useful information that would aid a family in their decision-making process. Even without testing the non-AJ member, counselors can be reassuring to those couples where the AJ member is a carrier for Dysautonomia, Bloom syndrome, or Mucolipidosis IV, as these conditions are either extremely rare or unreported in non-AJ populations. So the question remaining (with the exception of cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs screening) is what do we accomplish by the implementation of these Guidelines in couples where only one member is of AJ descent? Michael L. Begleiter, MS, CGC Janda L. Buchholz, MS, CGC Andrea M. Atherton, MS, CGC Lee Z. Mays, MS, CGC Molly M. Lund, MS, CGC Meghan E. Strenk, MS Genetics, Dysmorphology and Metabolism, The Children’s Mercy Hospitals & Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri, The University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri

Results of a survey of science writers show they are well-paid and satisfied with their work. They recommend courses in science and writing for students preparing for the field. While the largest single group majored in English in college, most recommend general reporting as preparation for science writing.

To examine the efficacy of intravenous porcine secretin for the treatment of autistic disorder.Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Fifty-six subjects with autistic disorder received either a secretin or placebo infusion at baseline and the other substance at week 4. Subjects were given the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and other pertinent developmental measures at baseline and at weeks 4 and 8 to assess drug effects.For the primary efficacy analysis, change of ADOS social-communication total score from week 0 to week 4, no statistically significant difference was obtained between placebo (-0.8 +/- 2.9) and secretin groups (-0.6 +/- 1.4; t54 = 0.346, p.73). The other measures showed no treatment effect for secretin compared with placebo.There was no evidence for efficacy of secretin in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.

Acetic acid or formic acid treatment of rice straw with the variation of reaction variables, namely acid concentration, catalyst (HCl or H2SO4) concentration, reaction time, temperature and liquor ratio, was investigated to ascertain effects on the dissolution of hemicellulose, which facilitates the dissolution of lignin during alkaline extraction or peroxyacid treatment and improved the drainability of straw pulp. Maximum pentosan dissolution was observed in 80% acetic acid with 0.6% H2SO4 catalyst at 80 °C for 120 min. Acetic acid dissolved pentosan more slowly than formic acid. The catalytic activity of H2SO4 was higher than that of HCl with respect to pentosan dissolution from rice straw. The optimum pulp yields with the lowest kappa number and the highest pulp yield with the optimum kappa number were obtained with formic acid/peroxyformic acid and acetic acid/peroxyacetic acid pulping, respectively. Acetic or formic acid treated pulp did not produce a lower kappa number in alkaline extraction. Acetic acid/peroxyacetic acid pulping produces better pulp from rice straw.