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Most hydrochromic materials only exhibit either absorption or fluorescence changes, which greatly restrict their applications. Herein, we reported a new hydrochromic dye capable of a absorption/fluorescence dual-mode change via transforming rhodamine B from its structure of lactone to pyrroline. Taking advantage of its excellent physico-chemical properties, this hydrochromic dye has been applied in water-jet printing, which has fast coloration speed, good reversibility, high resolution, and absorption/fluorescence two-mode display. Based on its fluorescence property, its application in information encryption has been illustrated. This dual-mode hydrochromic dye shows great potential in multifunctional integrated devices.

In a seminal work, Gozar et al. reported on the high-temperature interface superconductivity in bilayers of insulating La2CuO4 and metallic La2−xSrxCuO4 (x=0.45). An interesting question to address is how general and robust this interface superconductivity is. In the past, the cuprate bilayers were grown in a unique atomic-layer molecular beam epitaxy system, with a Sr doping range of x≤0.47, and the atomically flat interface was thought to be indispensable. Here, we have fabricated bilayers of La2CuO4 and La2−xSrxCuO4 by pulsed laser deposition. We have tried to extend the nominal doping range of Sr from the previous maximum of 0.47 to the present 1.70 (the nominal Sr content in the targets). X-ray diffraction result indicates that our La2−xSrxCuO4 films with x≤0.60 have very high crystalline quality; but the film crystalline structure degrades gradually with further increasing x, and finally the structure is fully lost when x reaches 1.40 and higher. Although the film quality scatters dramatically, our experiments show that there exists superconductivity for bilayers in nearly the entire over-doped Sr range, except for a non-superconducting region at x∼0.80. These observations demonstrate that the interface superconductivity in copper oxides is very general and robust.

Water solubility and adjustable fluorescence properties have been successfully implemented in the hydrochromic amino rhodamine via copolymerization. Four copolymers have been synthesized and clearly characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, proving greater detail than the commonly used NMR and IR technologies. The four copolymers have good solubility in pure water and in many common organic solvents, while preserving the hydrochromism of the dye monomer. Based on aggregation and dispersion of the copolymers as adjusted by solvent media and temperature, reversible fluorescence properties were successfully realized. Furthermore, their luminescence in solid state was observed. These studies are of great significance for expanding the application of hydrochromic dyes in biological fields and promoting green industrialization.

We propose schemes for preparing W and GHZ photonic states entangled in polarization via quantum walks, where the trajectory exchanging of identical photons plus postselection induces the coupling between their polarization degrees of freedom. Being different from the polarization beam splitter-based approach, the indistinguishability of identical photons provides an alternative for coupling photons, which is more phase stable and may induce richer actions than the traditional polarization beam splitter on input photons. Our schemes demonstrate that this new coupling mechanism for photons is originated from the fact that trajectory-exchanging operation plus postselection can extract entangled states from the initially product states, and this new coupling mechanism may find considerable potential applications in both quantum communication and quantum computation.

The maintenance of adaptability to the exposure to agroecological extreme environments is generally a feature after the long-term domestication of crops. Auxin influences plant growth in all environments. At present, the research on the auxin response factors (ARFs) has been very in-depth. However, there is still a large gap in the research on the origin, evolution, and regulatory networks of the Auxin-responsive protein (AUX/IAA) family. Here, we identified 495 AUX/IAAs from 19 representative species covering aquatic algae to angiosperms and found that they originated from early bryophytes and mainly expanded by polyploidy in angiosperms. In the domesticated crop quinoa, the evolutionary model of the IAA family is relatively independent and forms a robust regulatory network with auxin signals and energy metabolism pathways. In the nitrogen-deficient environment, CqIAAs (Chenopodium quinoa AUX/IAAs), auxin signals, and TCA pathway genes induced expression in young roots to promote root elongation and could regulate the balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism to maintain the adaptation of early seedlings in poor environments. Furthermore, a rapidly evolving CqIAA (AUR62011942) not only has different expression levels in two quinoa seeds but also has a significant stress response when seedlings face nitrogen deficiency stress, which may be a key factor in the adaptive regulation of the barren environment. Our research provides valuable clues for understanding the origin, evolution, and functional innovation of auxin signaling and also provides a reference for future agricultural breeding in the context of global environmental changes.

Measurement-based quantum computation in an optical setup shows great promise towards the implementation of large-scale quantum computation. The difficulty of measurement-based quantum computation lies in the preparation of cluster state. In this paper, we propose the method of generating the large-scale cluster state, which is a platform for measurement-based quantum computation. In order to achieve more complex quantum circuits, the preparation protocol of N-photon cluster state will be proposed as a generalization of the preparation of four- and five-photon cluster states. Furthermore, our proposal is experimentally feasible.

Reversible multicolor displays on solid media created from single-molecule pigments are a long-awaited goal. Herein, a new and simple molecular dyad, which can undergo switchable cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) color changes in both solution and the solid state upon exposure to light, water/acid, and nucleophiles, has been designed and synthesized. The stimuli used herein can be applied independent of each other, which is beneficial for color changes without mutual interference. For comparison, mixtures of the two molecular switching motifs that form the basis of the dyad were also studied. The dyad greatly outperforms the corresponding mixed system with respect to reversible color switching on the paper substrate. Its potential for full-color rewritable paper with excellent reversibility has been demonstrated. Legible multicolor prints, that is, high color contrast and resolution, good dispersion, and excellent reversibility, were achieved by using common water-jet and light-based printers. This work provides a very promising approach for the further development of full-color switchable molecules, materials, and displays.

To compare the effect of different approaches of bone marrow stromal stem cell (BMSCs) transplantation into the allogenic rat liver.Thirty male SD rats were randomized equally into local liver group, portal vein group, and femoral vein group, and received injection of 1×10⁶/ml BMSCs directly into the rat liver, through the portal vein and through the femoral vein, respectively. The rat livers were scanned by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 12 h and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days after the cell transplantation. Prussian blue staining of the rat liver sections was also performed 14 days after the transplantation.MRI showed decreased signal intensity in all the rat livers of the local liver group; the ovoid area of the signal intensity gradually shrunk and the signal intensity increased with the passage of time. Lowered signal intensity was also seen in the rat livers of the portal vein group, appearing constantly branch-shaped, indistinct and increased gradually. Decreased signal intensity did not occur in the livers of femoral vein group. Prussian blue staining of all the rat livers at day 14 showed the presence of cells containing blue particles in all the groups, most numerous in the local liver group followed by the portal vein group and then the femoral vein group.Direct intrahepatic injection of the BMSCs results in better effect than cell transplantation via the portal vein or the femoral vein.