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6 results on '"Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition"'

1. How to change your memory of an object with a posture and a verb

Author

Valérie Gyselinck, Xavière Dahiez, Léo Dutriaux, Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris Descartes – Institut de psychologie (UPD5 Psychologie), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Psychologie des Comportements et des Mobilités (IFSTTAR/AME/LPC), and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Memory, Long-Term, Physiology, Posture, Object (grammar), Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), Verb, Representation (arts), Motor Activity, 050105 experimental psychology, Association, Young Adult, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Humans, Attention, PSYCHOLOGIE, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Control (linguistics), General Psychology, Language, Long-term memory, MEMORY, 05 social sciences, General Medicine, MEMOIRE, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Action (philosophy), Embodied cognition, Mental Recall, COGNITION, Female, Cues, EMBODIEMENT, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

According to grounded cognition, the format of representation of knowledge is sensorimotor. This means that long-term memory shares processing resources with the sensorimotor system. The main objective of this work is to provide new evidence in favour of two claims from the embodied cognition framework: (1) memory is grounded on the sensorimotor system, that is, memory shares processing resources with the sensorimotor system, and (2) memory serves at least in part to support action. For this purpose, the present experiment aimed to show that the action context modulates the motor simulation and, consequently, the memory of manipulable objects. Participants were presented with short phrases comprising the name of a manipulable object, and an action verb (“To take a cup”) or an attentional verb (“To see a cup”). During this phase, they had to put their hands in front of them in the control condition, whereas they had to keep them behind their back in the interfering condition. A cued recall test followed after a short distractive letter-matching task, with the verbs serving as cues. Results showed that memory of the words denoting manipulable objects was impaired by the interfering posture when associated with an action verb, but not when associated with an attentional verb. This suggests that a context which does not favour action interferes with motor simulation and thus decreases the memory of manipulable objects. These results provide strong evidence for a grounded account of memory and language.

Published
2018
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2. Subsyndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms among older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder: Prevalence and associated factors in a multicenter study

Author

Céline Béra-Potelle, Astrid Chevance, Rachel Pascal de Raykeer, Kibby McMahon, Hugo Peyre, Nicolas Hoertel, Christine Cuervo-Lombard, Frédéric Limosin, Claire Jaffré, Sarah Barrière, Christophe Portefaix, Arthur Kaladjian, Guillaume Airagnes, Christophe Guerin-Langlois, Yvonne Blumenstock, Delphine Raucher-Chéné, Cédric Lemogne, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris - Espace éthique (AP-HP Espace éthique), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Duke University [Durham], Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication - EA 3804 (CRESTIC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychosis, Comorbidity, Antipsychotic, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Benzodiazepines, 0302 clinical medicine, Elderly, Quality of life, Risk Factors, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, Not evaluated, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, business.industry, Depression, Depressive symptoms, Antidepressants, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Treatment, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Older, Cross-Sectional Studies, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Cohort, Quality of Life, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Schizophrenia spectrum
Abstract

International audience; BackgroundFew studies have examined the prevalence and correlates of subsyndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms (SSSD) among older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. In this report, we examined the prevalence of SSSD and their associations with sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics of schizophrenia, comorbidity, psychotropic medications, quality of life, functioning and mental health care utilization in a large, multicenter sample of older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.MethodsData from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used to examine the prevalence of SSSD, defined using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) scale. Clinical characteristics associated with SSSD were explored.ResultsAmong 343 older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 78.1% had either subsyndromal (30.6%) or syndromal (47.5%) depressive symptoms. SSSD were independently associated with positive and negative symptoms, lower quality of life, non-late-onset psychosis, benzodiazepine use and urbanicity. There were no significant associations of SSSD with other sociodemographic characteristics and psychotropic medications, or with general medical conditions. We found no significant differences in the proportion of participants who were treated with antidepressants between those with syndromal depressive symptoms and those without depression (22.1% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.89). SSSD were not associated with higher mental health care utilization.LimitationsData were cross-sectional and depression was not evaluated with a semi-structured interview.ConclusionSSSD may be highly prevalent and under-assessed and/or undertreated among older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Our findings should alert clinicians about the need to assess systematically and regularly depression in this vulnerable population.

Published
2018
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3. Extensive and severe CNS demyelination associated with golimumab therapy

Author

Elisabeth Maillart, C. Mellerio, Céline Louapre, Anne Bertrand, Catherine Lubetzki, Caroline Papeix, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain (ARAMIS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Inria de Paris, Service de Neuroradiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Neurologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-IFR70-Hôpital de la Salpétrière, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Algorithms, models and methods for images and signals of the human brain ( ARAMIS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de neuro-radiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - IFR70 - Hôpital de la Salpétrière, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire Mémoire & Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria) - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Neurology, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, CNS demyelination, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Golimumab therapy, Medicine, [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Neuroradiology, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], 3. Good health, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Neurology (clinical), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Our case emphasizes a very particular and uncommon course of tumefactive lesions of the central nervous system and their subsequent cavitation in the context of TNF-alpha antagonists. Such evolution must be recognized to initiate active disease-modifying treatments aiming to prevent further neurological relapses and subsequent disability for those patients with rheumatologic diseases.

Published
2016
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4. Hyperfrontality and hypoconnectivity during refreshing in schizophrenia

Author

Catherine Oppenheim, Franck Baylé, Marie-Laure Grillon, Anne-Dominique Devauchelle, F. Charbonneau, Marie-Odile Krebs, Gaël Varoquaux, Caroline Huron, Bertrand Thirion, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Psychiatry Générale, CHUV, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Service de neuroradiologie [Paris], Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie Assistée par Ordinateur (LNAO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Neuroimagerie cognitive - Psychologie cognitive expérimentale (UNICOG-U992), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Chaire Psychologie cognitive expérimentale, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Collège de France - Chaire Psychologie cognitive expérimentale, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] ( CHUV ), service de neuroradiologie [Paris], Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data ( PARIETAL ), Service NEUROSPIN ( NEUROSPIN ), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie Assistée par Ordinateur ( LNAO ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Neuroimagerie cognitive ( UNICOG-U992 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Collège de France ( CDF ), Collège de France ( CdF ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), and Varoquaux, Gaël

Subjects
Adult, Male, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Neuropsychological Tests, Verbal learning, Brain mapping, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neural Pathways, Outpatients, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prefrontal cortex, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, Memory Disorders, medicine.diagnostic_test, Working memory, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Verbal Learning, Executive functions, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxygen, Psychiatry and Mental health, Memory, Short-Term, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral cortex, Schizophrenia, Case-Control Studies, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Female, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Anomalous activations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior cerebral areas have been reported in previous studies of working memory in schizophrenia. Several interpretations have been reported: e.g., neural inefficiency, the use of different strategies and differences in the functional organization of the cerebral cortex. To better understand these abnormal activations, we investigated the cerebral bases of a working memory component process, namely refreshing (i.e., thinking briefly of a just-activated representation). Fifteen patients with schizophrenia and 15 control subjects participated in this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. Participants were told that whenever they saw a word on the screen, they had to read it silently to themselves (read and repeat conditions), and when they saw a dot, they had to think of the just-previous word (refresh condition). The refresh condition (in comparison with the read condition) was associated with significantly increased activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and significantly decreased connectivity within the prefrontal cortex and between the prefrontal and parietal cortices in patients with schizophrenia in comparison with control subjects. These results suggest that prefrontal dysfunctions in schizophrenia might be related to a defective ability to initiate (rather than to execute) specific cognitive processes.

Published
2013
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5. Autobiographical memory in semantic dementia: new insights from two patients using fMRI

Author

Francis Eustache, Armelle Viard, Vanessa Matuszewski, Serge Belliard, Karine Lebreton, Béatrice Desgranges, Pascale Piolino, Vincent de La Sayette, Neuropsychologie cognitive et neuroanatomie fonctionnelles de la mémoire humaine, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau (FRC)., Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Eustache, Francis

Subjects
Male, MESH : Oxygen, MESH : Aged, Hippocampal formation, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH : Frontotemporal Dementia, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, MESH : Female, Episodic memory, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, 05 social sciences, Brain, MESH: Memory Disorders, MESH: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Memory, Episodic, MESH : Memory, Episodic, Frontotemporal Dementia, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Psychology, MESH : Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, MESH: Oxygen, Mental image, Cognitive Neuroscience, MESH : Male, Memory, Episodic, Semantic dementia, MESH: Frontotemporal Dementia, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Brain, Atrophy, Neuroimaging, MESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine, MESH : Memory Disorders, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, Memory Disorders, MESH: Humans, Recall, Autobiographical memory, MESH : Humans, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Oxygen, MESH : Brain, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Episodic autobiographical memory (EAM) consists of personal events embedded within a specific spatiotemporal context. Patients with semantic dementia (SD) generally show preserved recent EAMs, but a controversy remains concerning their ability to retrieve remote ones. Only one fMRI study examined remote autobiographical memory in SD through a longitudinal case study (Maguire, Kumaran, Hassabis, & Kopelman, 2010). Here, we propose a cross-sectional study to test the hippocampo-neocortical up-regulation hypothesis, through a multimodal approach (gray matter volume, activation, connectivity analyses), directly comparing recent and remote autobiographical memory retrieval and collecting data to asses phenomelogical re-experiencing. EAM retrieval recruits a distributed network of brain regions, notably the hippocampus which is shown to be atrophied in SD, although some studies report no hippocampal atrophy in SD. Using fMRI, we examined recent and remote EAM retrieval in two SD patients with different profiles of hippocampal atrophy, compared to 12 healthy elders (HE). JPL presented severe bilateral hippocampal atrophy, while EP showed sparing of both hippocampi. Behaviourally, JPL was impaired at retrieving EAMs from both life periods and showed poorer use of visual mental imagery than HE, while EP retrieved memories which were as episodic as those of HE for both periods and relied on greater use of visual mental imagery than HE. Neuroimaging results showed that, for JPL, hyperactivations of the residual hippocampal tissue and of frontal, lateral temporal, occipital and parietal cortices did not efficiently compensate his autobiographical memory deficit. EP however presented hyperactivations in similar neocortical regions which appeared to be more efficient in compensating for atrophy elsewhere, since EP's EAM retrieval was preserved. Functional connectivity analyses focusing on the hippocampus showed how the residual hippocampal activity was connected to other brain areas. For JPL, recent autobiographical retrieval was associated with connectivity between the posterior hippocampus and middle occipital gyrus, while for EP, connectivity was detected between the anterior hippocampus and numerous regions (medial temporal, occipital, temporal, frontal, parietal) for both recent and remote periods. These findings suggest that intensification of hippocampal atrophy in SD strongly affects both recent and remote autobiographical recollection. Up-regulation of neocortical regions and functional hippocampal-neocortical connectivity within the autobiographical network may be insufficient to compensate the lifelong episodic memory deficit for patients with extensive hippocampal atrophy.

Published
2013
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6. The awareness of body orientation modulates the perception of visual vertical

Author

Adolfo M. Bronstein, Dominic Pérennou, Julien Barra, Michael A. Gresty, Kail V. Thilo, Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications [Grenoble] (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) - IMAG - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPM, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) - IMAG - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) - IMAG - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London - Imperial College London - Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, CHU Grenoble - CHU Grenoble, Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Department of Medicine, Imperial College London-Imperial College London-Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, CHU Grenoble-CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Department of Medicine

Subjects
Male, MESH: Awareness, Audiology, Neuropsychological Tests, Body awareness, Behavioral Neuroscience, User-Computer Interface, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Models, Psychological, MESH : Female, media_common, MESH : Models, Psychological, 05 social sciences, MESH : Awareness, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, MESH: Neuropsychological Tests, MESH: Posture, MESH : Adult, Awareness, MESH : Neuropsychological Tests, Body orientation, Visual Perception, Female, Psychology, MESH : Space Perception, Social psychology, MESH : Visual Perception, MESH : Orientation, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH : Male, MESH: Space Perception, Posture, Posterior parietal cortex, MESH: Orientation, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Sensory system, Models, Psychological, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Perception, Orientation, medicine, MESH : User-Computer Interface, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Visual vertical, Postural vertical, MESH: User-Computer Interface, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH : Humans, Body position, MESH : Posture, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, Space Perception, Insula, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

International audience; It is established that the body position influences verticality perception. In contrast, the possible influence of the awareness of the body orientation on verticality perception has never been investigated. This hypothesis, explored in the present study, is supported by the role played by the parietal cortex and the insula in both body position awareness and verticality perception. Nine subjects were asked to estimate the direction of the visual vertical (VV) by 12 adjustments of a luminous line in three conditions: (1) a control condition (subjects were upright and aware of their position), (2) a condition of congruence between the lateral body tilt and the awareness of this tilt, and (3) a condition of dissociation of subjective and objective orientations (tilted subjects who felt upright). The dissociation between objective and subjective orientations was obtained by inducing experimentally a postural vertical (PV) bias through 5 min of lateral body tilt at 30° in darkness in a motorized flight simulator (mean 8.8° ± 4; min 6.2°; max 17.4°). VV orientation and variability were measured (expressed below in this order). As compared to the upright condition (0.3° ± 0.2; 0.8° ± 0.5), subjects showed similar VV orientation (0.1° ± 0.6; p=0.82) but an increased variability (1.4°±0.5; p

Published
2012
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