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2. Debates in the Digital Humanities 2023

Author

Matthew N. Hannah, Astrid J. Smith, Bridget Whearty, Masoud Ghorbaninejad, Nathan P. Gibson, David Joseph Wrisley, Michelle Lee Brown, Hēmi Whaanga, Jason Edward Lewis, Gabriela Baeza Ventura, María Eugenia Cotera, Linda García Merchant, Lorena Gauthereau, Carolina Villarroel, Harmony Bench, Kate Elswit, Kent K. Chang, Tonia Suther, Marika Cifor, T. L. Cowan, Jas Rault, Patricia Garcia, Nishani Frazier, Christy Hyman, Hilary N. Green, Abraham Gibson, Christina Boyles, Andrew Boyles Petersen, Arun Jacob, Alison Martin, Jo Guldi, Emily Pugh, Rico Devara Chapman, Olivia Quintanilla, Jeanelle Horcasitas, Anastasia Salter, Mel Stanfill, Melanie Walsh, Quinn Dombrowski, Patrick J. Burns, Spencer D. C. Keralis, Rafia Mirza, Maura Seale, Megan R. Brett, Jessica Marie Otis, Mills Kelly, Zoe LeBlanc, Celeste Tường Vy Sharpe, Jeri Wieringa, James Malazita, Kaiama L. Glover, Marlene L. Daut, Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel, Kim Gallon, Marisa Parham, Maboula Soumahoro, Mame-Fatou Niang, Martha S. Jones, and Jessica Marie Johnson

Published
2023

5. ‘The francophone world was set ablaze’: Pan-African intellectuals, European interlocutors and the global Cold War

Author

Kaiama L. Glover

Subjects
History, Politics, Pan african, Political science, Political Science and International Relations, Cold war, language, Media studies, French, language.human_language
Abstract

By the mid-1930s, migration from the French colonies had brought Afro-intellectuals into the heart of political and artistic conversations in the metropoles of Europe and had created imbricated spa...

Published
2021

7. AFTERWORD

Author

Kaiama L. Glover

Published
2022

8. The deubiquitylase USP31 controls the Chromosomal Passenger Complex and spindle dynamics

Author

Erithelgi Bertsoulaki, Hannah L. Glover, Joana I. Gomes-Neto, Barry Pizer, Helder Maiato, Sylvie Urbé, and Michael J. Clague

Abstract

We have identified USP31 as a microtubule and centrosome associated deubiquitylase, depletion of which leads to an increase in individual cell mass and defective proliferation. We have examined its dynamics and impact during mitosis. GFP-USP31 associates with the mitotic and central spindles, its levels are increased 2-3-fold in prometaphase compared to asynchronous cells and it is dynamically phosphorylated in a CDK1 dependent manner. We find that USP31 depleted cells display altered spindle morphology and chromosomal segregation errors, whilst stable expression of a catalytically inactive form of USP31 leads to polyploidy. At prometaphase, levels of multiple CPC components are destabilised, most prominently INCENP. Under anaphase conditions, depletion of USP31 impairs the translocation of both endogenous and ectopically expressed INCENP to the spindle mid-zone, whilst expression of catalytically inactive USP31 results in multiple ectopic cleavage furrows. In summary, our data indicate a multifaceted regulatory role for USP31 during mitosis, with a profound impact on chromosomal passenger complex abundance, dynamics and function.

Published
2022

9. P-348 Assisted Reproduction Legislation: Listening to the voice of Health Care Professionals

Author

L Schaler, G Amy, L Glover, and M Wingfield

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Rehabilitation, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abstract

Study question To investigate the perceptions of health care practitioners in Ireland to a draft Assisted Human Reproduction (AHR) Bill, currently being assess by government. Summary answer There is strong support for AHR and for national legislation in this field among healthcare professionals working in Ireland. What is known already AHR legislation is essential to protect the rights of those accessing, born from and providing AHR services. Ireland is one of the only countries in the EU which lacks specific AHR legislation. The General Scheme of an AHR Bill was published in 2017 and is currently awaiting review and approval by government. Study design, size, duration An anonymous 25-item questionnaire was distributed via secure email link. This was a detailed 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire based on clinically relevant aspects of the Irish draft AHR Bill. Consultants and trainees in Obstetrics and Gynaecology were identified through The Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. A snow balling approach was used to recruit General Practitioners and all Fertility Clinics in Ireland were asked to distribute the questionnaire to their staff. The study remained open for 28days. Participants/materials, setting, methods Participants included Consultant and trainee Obstetrician Gynaecologists, general practitioners and multidisciplinary staff at Irish fertility clinics. The questionnaire focused on six key factors; a national AHR regulatory authority, AHR treatment type and availability, age limits for AHR treatment, counselling prior to ART, posthumous use of gametes and embryos and legislations surrounding surrogacy. Main results and the role of chance In total 245 responses were received. The majority of respondents were female aged 31-59years. 42.2% (n = 103/244) are currently working or had previous experience working with ART. 93% (n = 215/231) of respondents believe that Ireland should have a national authority to regulate AHR – similar to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in the UK. Over 80% of participants strongly agreed with access to IVF and gamete and embryo vitrification being available in Ireland. The majority of participants also supported oocyte and sperm donation (69% and 71% respectively). Support for more recent technologies in AHR was variable. Over 50% of respondents strongly disagreed with sex selection for non-medical reasons and less than half of participants strongly agreed with ART for single men and transgender males/females. 80.5% (n = 170/211) of respondents felt that there should be an upper age limit for women receiving access to ART and 64.5% (n = 136/211) felt there should be an upper age limit for men. Those who had experience working in an AHR clinic felt more strongly that sperm / egg donors should be paid a modest fee for donation (p = 0.04; p = 0.03 respectively) and that counselling should be mandatory for every person considering gamete donation (p = 0.0233). Limitations, reasons for caution Due to reliance on third parties in distribution of the survey to target groups, a response rate could not be calculated, a limitation of the study. A further limitation is the high detail of the survey questions, which seemed to lead to participant fatigue with later questions. Wider implications of the findings National legislation on AHR is both needed and desired by health care professionals working in Ireland. It is hoped that results of this study will help inform the proposed national AHR legislation as it nears completion and in turn, elevate Irelands low position in the European Atlas of Fertility Policies. Trial registration number not applicable

Published
2022

10. A Gravitational-wave Measurement of the Hubble Constant Following the Second Observing Run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo

Author

G. Pagliaroli, Kevin Barkett, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, I. Belahcene, A. K. Y. Li, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, P. Ruggi, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, C. Kr mer, K. W. Chung, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Filip Morawski, Xiaohui Fan, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, B. D. Lackey, G. Eddolls, A. Cumming, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, F. Di Renzo, M. Steinke, Francesco Pannarale, Soichiro Morisaki, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, Zhihui Du, G. Ciani, Alessandro Bertolini, Olivier Minazzoli, M. Razzano, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, O. de Varona, A. L. Stuver, R. De Rosa, I. Nardecchia, M. Kasprzack, J. Baird, Frances Hellman, M. B. Shaner, Manel Molina-Ruiz, S. B. Coughlin, Jessica Steinlechner, A. Neunzert, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, Tenglin Li, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, D. Meacher, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, E. Genin, D. Estevez, W. Katzman, B. Grace, S. M. Aronson, M. Llorens-Monteagudo, M. Nery, Ryan Lynch, Ettore Majorana, D. M. Wilken, A. Rocchi, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Lormand, William Parker, D. J. Stops, J. S. H. Lee, Felix Wellmann, Shreya Anand, D. Huet, S. H. Huttner, Z. Tornasi, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, M. Bitossi, J.-G. Ducoin, J. Neilson, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, M. G. Benjamin, E. Payne, Rory Smith, C. Adams, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Z. Yang, D. M. Shoemaker, Michelle E. Walker, J. Eichholz, G. Moreno, H. Inchauspe, J. Liu, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, C. Rajan, O. Durante, N. Krupinski, F. Martelli, Karan Jani, Jade Powell, V. Mangano, H. K. Gulati, David H. Reitze, Rahul Kashyap, C. McIsaac, Nergis Mavalvala, A. K. Lenon, S. Mastrogiovanni, P. A. Altin, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, L. F. Ortega, Jerome Degallaix, R. C. Walet, V. P. Mitrofanov, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, T. Sadecki, V. Tiwari, Yann Bouffanais, A. C. Green, C. Casentini, R. Shink, E. Goetz, F. Magaña-Sandoval, J. McIver, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, L. Rei, Gijs Nelemans, Tanja Hinderer, Alejandro Torres-Forné, A. K. Zadrożny, P.H. Nguyen, V. Boschi, E. J. Son, M. van Beuzekom, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, A. Ain, Shubhanshu Tiwari, G. A. Prodi, R. DeSalvo, V. Kondrashov, F. Frasconi, A. K. Mehta, E. D. Hall, S. Farinon, E. Mejuto Villa, D. Barker, A. Samajdar, Jolien D. E. Creighton, A. Pele, D. Singh, Arunava Mukherjee, Fausto Acernese, J. C. Barayoga, B. F. Neil, R. Flaminio, Richard J. Abbott, D. W. Yeeles, Hartmut Grote, D. C. Vander-Hyde, P. Puppo, W. Del Pozzo, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, P. F. Cohadon, H. Heitmann, A. Strunk, N. Kijbunchoo, Piero Rettegno, K. A. Santiago, P. J. Sutton, M. Cieślar, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, P. Raffai, J. C. Bayley, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, Marcus E. Lower, L. Glover, G. Losurdo, S. Biscoveanu, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, D. E. Cohen, M. Agathos, J. H. Romie, S. Sitmukhambetov, G. Kuehn, K. Merfeld, M. Ar ne, M. Phelps, Archisman Ghosh, R. G. Ormiston, Andrew Matas, A. Chiummo, K. Holt, M. Mantovani, E. A. Huerta, A. Ramos-Buades, S. L. Danilishin, Tristan Briant, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Sheelu Abraham, Eric B. Flynn, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, J. Hanks, A. Sur, H. Overmier, R. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, J. P. Zendri, L. Sun, C. De Rossi, D. Buskulic, Odylio D. Aguiar, James Healy, P. Brockill, Luca Gammaitoni, R. Fittipaldi, C. Horst, Alberto Vecchio, F. Cipriano, Michael Thomas, R. Tenorio, N. A. Holland, D. Sellers, P. Popolizio, Koji Arai, F. J. Raab, Devon S. Johnson, N. Mukund, L. R. Cominsky, Neil J. Cornish, Colm Talbot, Andreas Freise, M. Davier, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, S. Koley, M. Brinkmann, C. Affeldt, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, E. J. Sanchez, Nicholas Demos, J. D. Lough, D. Pascucci, H. S. Chen, L. E. H. Datrier, M. Bawaj, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, J. Meidam, M. Gosselin, Riccardo Sturani, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, Wolfango Plastino, R. Taylor, C. L. Romel, Giovanni Carapella, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, Soma Mukherjee, Charalampos Markakis, G. Mo, J. K. Blackburn, C. J. Richardson, F. L. Linde, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sylvain Marsat, Sheila Rowan, B. Gateley, Howard Pan, Aaron Buikema, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, V. Fafone, Paul D. Lasky, R. K. Hasskew, Jordan Camp, D. Tao, M. Muratore, M. C. Heintze, D. Sentenac, F. Carbognani, Patrick Brady, P. Fulda, J. M. Fishner, Will M. Farr, M. Montani, Nancy Aggarwal, R. Gustafson, A. Grimaldi, J. W. Westhouse, Matthew Pitkin, F. Lin, Tania Regimbau, Serena Vinciguerra, F. Garufi, Chandra Kant Mishra, Joseph D. Romano, R. Bhandare, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, C. C. Wipf, V. Pierro, M. J. Cowart, I. Dave, Lee McCuller, O. J. Piccinni, Takuya Tsutsui, T. D. Abbott, Zoheyr Doctor, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, K. W. Tsang, P. J. Veitch, M. Rakhmanov, Surendra Nadh Somala, Gregorio Carullo, R. Xu, C. Buy, M. Oliver, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, T. J. Hansen, N. Bode, Christopher P. L. Berry, T. Harder, Rico K. L. Lo, P. Charlton, Kejia Lee, Patrick Das Gupta, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, M. Eisenmann, Ofek Birnholtz, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, W. S. Kim, Christophe Collette, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, J. C. Driggers, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, Daniel Wysocki, J. Prasad, A. J. Pedersen, S. B. Anderson, Tim Dietrich, M. Pürrer, S. Kwang, Frank Ohme, Vicky Kalogera, K. Rose, M. Tonelli, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, R. Gray, Patrick Godwin, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, S. Frasca, Jonathan Richardson, Tyson Littenberg, Kai Staats, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, Yu Huang, Geert Raaijmakers, F. Y. Khalili, R. P. Fisher, A. Allocca, D. I. Jones, Guoying Zhao, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, S. Raja, H. Y. Chia, Sascha Husa, S. E. Strigin, S. Mitra, M. Granata, H. J. Bulten, Minchuan Zhou, Shao-Jiang Wang, T. D. Creighton, S. E. Gossan, Dániel Barta, G. Venugopalan, Karl Gill, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, S. Barnum, S. C. Tait, K. Shukla, Zifan Zhou, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, D.B. DeBra, David J. Ottaway, C. J. Perez, Matthew Evans, B. D. O'Brien, Marek Szczepanczyk, C. Bradaschia, M. Standke, Deep Jariwala, C. Cahillane, Otto A. Hannuksela, C. Gray, H. Estelles, W. A. Campbell, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, N. N. Janthalur, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, E. A. Muñiz, B. Sassolas, S. Brunett, Monica Colpi, Albino Perego, A. Bisht, M. Boer, J. B. Kanner, Andrew Lundgren, S. Xiao, J. V. Vanheijningen, D. Fiorucci, Zachariah B. Etienne, D. Moraru, E. Floden, Jennifer Watchi, A. K. Prajapati, Gianpietro Cagnoli, A. R. Wade, A. Di Lieto, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, Jonathan Cripe, V. Bossilkov, A. Paoli, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, R. Inta, Steven Bloemen, Jonathan R. Gair, S. Klimenko, Eric Howell, E. Cesarini, S. Márka, N. Sennett, Stephen Fairhurst, Carl Blair, V. Fiumara, M. F. Carney, C. Lazzaro, Patricia Schmidt, Ajay Kumar, Y. K. Lecoeuche, M. J. Yap, C. Whittle, Bala R. Iyer, Stefan Grimm, D. B. Tanner, Kevin M. Ryan, S. McCormick, C. Difronzo, G. M. Harry, C. Palomba, S. Ascenzi, A. L. Miller, K. Venkateswara, L. Aiello, R. Green, Giuseppe Intini, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, M. Sieniawska, Gregory Ashton, K. Chakravarti, G. Valdes, Ken K. Y. Ng, E. E. Cowan, B. D'Angelo, Hongyu Shen, D. C. Coyne, T. Dal Canton, J. Casanueva Diaz, P. Couvares, H. Fong, G. Greco, J. Zweizig, M. S. Shahriar, M. Korobko, J. Brooks, K. Siellez, Shiuh Chao, C. Périgois, P. Astone, Carlos O. Lousto, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, David Coward, A. Miani, R. Cotesta, Rakesh Kumar, F. Travasso, Yuri Levin, T. P. Downes, Gor Oganesyan, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, J. Gniesmer, Kyungmin Kim, Debarati Chatterjee, A. Trovato, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, Sheon Chua, R. Bonnand, C. North, Mariana Fazio, F. Vetrano, Samuele Cortese, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, S. J. Cooper, S. Leavey, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, M. Pedraza, M. Chan, Francesco Chiadini, Michał Bejger, Charlie Hoy, P. Schale, J. Jiang, J. Hennig, J. Junker, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, V. Gayathri, V. Hui, S. Walsh, Miriam Cabero, Alexander C. Jenkins, A. Markowitz, Robert Stone, M. Was, M. M. Hanke, G. Cho, James Whelan, P. Ajith, P. Booker, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, M. Di Giovanni, A. Malik, S. Gaudio, G. Dálya, T. Prestegard, J. Scott, L. K. Nuttall, A. W. Jones, Alessandro Nagar, R. De Pietri, Rocco Romano, M. Kinley-Hanlon, Lindsay DeMarchi, K. A. Thorne, E. L. Merilh, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, L. Matone, Mandar Patil, Guenakh Mitselmakher, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, Karsten Danzmann, A. R. Williamson, H. Vocca, Mario Spera, Peter Aufmuth, Andrea H. Tapia, Hua Wang, F. Cavalier, A. Bals, Yang Yang, S. G. Crowder, J. Bosveld, N. Koper, S. Kaufer, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Rana X. Adhikari, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, Om Sharan Salafia, C. K. Cheong, A. Lartaux-Vollard, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, Slawomir Gras, L. Sammut, F. Muciaccia, Anupam Sharma, Lionel London, Moritz Mehmet, S. W. S. Ng, Suvadeep Bose, R. Gouaty, Debnandini Mukherjee, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, Rainer Weiss, Alessandra Buonanno, R. Metzdorff, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, R. A. Eisenstein, Hee-Suk Cho, Gabrielle Allen, J.-M. Isac, B. Irwin, F. Donovan, S. Doravari, F. Ricci, W. Z. Korth, R. Kennedy, G. Fronz, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, László Á. Gergely, A. Macquet, Jishnu Suresh, G. D. Meadors, P. G. Murray, A. K. Divakarla, S. J. Kapadia, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, Z. Márka, Daichi Tsuna, Geoffrey Lovelace, M. Merzougui, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Haocun Yu, E. Biggs, L. Zhang, T. Zelenova, Riccardo Bassiri, Sebastian Steinlechner, C. A. Rose, X. Liu, Torrey Cullen, Magnus Manske, Bernard F. Whiting, Jesper Munch, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, Chris A. Collins, Achamveedu Gopakumar, M. De Laurentis, M. Bischi, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, J. R. Palamos, P. T. Baker, Carl-Johan Haster, Alessandra Corsi, D. Laghi, S. D'Antonio, E. Maros, P. B. Covas, L. Rolland, N. Letendre, B. D. Cheeseboro, B. Lantz, David Blair, P. J. Easter, K. Mogushi, Michele Zanolin, I. Magaña Hernandez, T. J. Massinger, Kiran Prasai, M. Khursheed, L. Naticchioni, D. Töyr, G. Vedovato, D. B. Kozak, F. Brighenti, Aniello Grado, D. Stocks, C. Vorvick, T. Vo, E. J. Daw, Salvatore Vitale, P. J. King, G. D. Hammond, K. H. Lai, Aaron Viets, Javed Rana, Abhirup Ghosh, G. Kang, A. L. Urban, Maurizio Canepa, J. Feicht, Satya Mohapatra, Antonio Marquina, L. Errico, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, E. M. Santos, Nikhil Sarin, Martin Obergaulinger, M. Mondin, F. Marion, T. Huynh-Dinh, P. Weßels, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, C. F. Da Silva Costa, J. K. Wofford, Vuk Mandic, Chunglee Kim, M. A. Page, J. S. Kissel, H. Cao, D. J. Vine, R. M. S. Schofield, Fabrizio Barone, M. T. Hübner, N. Man, D. Lumaca, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. S. Lange, M. A. Okada, E. Cuoco, Binlei Ding, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, Marta Colleoni, Bruno Giacomazzo, A. Gupta, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, J. A. Giaime, M. C. Tringali, K. Haughian, S. Hochheim, N. A. Robertson, D. Corre, Y. M. Kim, B. R. Hall, Maher Yazback, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, Marc Favata, Matteo Breschi, Fabrizio Bobba, Roger Jones, V. J. Roma, M. C. Díaz, Liam Cunningham, K. Mason, L. Trozzo, Antonios Kontos, S. A. Bilgili, E. C. Ferreira, Albert Lazzarini, A. P. Spencer, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Jonathan Blackman, D. D. Brown, Anthony A. Amato, N. van Bakel, K. Toland, D. J. Hofman, A. Dmitriev, Samaya Nissanke, Y. Boetzel, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, N. V. Krishnendu, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, José A. Font, C. C. Yancey, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, W. G. Anderson, N. Singh, Subroto Mukherjee, G. Cella, K. Rao, C. Fee, Maya Fishbach, Silvia Corezzi, S. Bae, E. Coccia, S. Katsanevas, M. E. Zucker, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, L.-W. Wei, Madeline Wade, P. Leaci, G. Rutins, J. D. Jones, T. C. Pechsiri, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, A. Masserot, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, K. Ueno, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, Podila Satya Venkata Narasimha Sharma, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, Q. Chu, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, A. M. Holgado, K. G. Arun, S. V. Angelova, C. Nguyen, S. Vass, J.-P. Coulon, M. Fitz-Axen, F. J. Hayes, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Vivien Raymond, Jacob Scheuer, Michael W. Coughlin, I. Khan, G. Pagano, V. Avendano, P. Oppermann, F. Messina, R. Coyne, Fabrice Matichard, E. K. Wessel, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Bernard F. Schutz, Daniel E. Holz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, V. Sequino, L. E. Wade, S. Caride, David A. Williams, Samuel Deléglise, A. Fernandez-Galiana, J.-D. Fournier, I. W. Harry, Li Ju, H. Qi, Daniel A. Shaddock, B. Patricelli, Brittany Kamai, C. V. Kalaghatgi, J. Hanson, R. Mittleman, Lili Yang, Philip F. Hopkins, Terry G. McRae, I. Fiori, Shawn Rosofsky, L. G. Prokhorov, T. Di Girolamo, M. Branchesi, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, D. Y. T. Pong, H. Masalehdan, E. Massera, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, P. Kumar, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, S. Chung, N. Arnaud, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, S. Penn, S. Caudill, P. Rapagnani, T. Mistry, V. B. Adya, G. L. Mansell, A. Viceré, V. Dattilo, Riccardo Ciolfi, Yi Chen, B. W. Schulte, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, A. A. Ciobanu, S. G. Gaonkar, Haixing Miao, H. Ohta, Jianfang Wang, F. Di Giovanni, G. Bogaert, Hang Yu, K. L. Dooley, Aaron Zimmerman, Fangchen Feng, Lisa Barsotti, Anirban Dasgupta, A. Effler, R. J. G. Jonker, Nelson Christensen, Z. A. Warden, S. A. Usman, M. Cavagli, D. Tuyenbayev, K. E. Ramirez, S. Ponrathnam, Chunnong Zhao, D. Moffa, David H. Shoemaker, S. Karki, J. J. McCann, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, S. P. Stevenson, Sebastien Biscans, V. Kringel, R. Tso, S. A. Nichols, M. Kovalam, L. Mereni, D. Passuello, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, A. Cirone, S. Banagiri, T. L. Lam, Hyun Lee, Tomasz Bulik, J. Calderón Bustillo, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, François Bondu, Edward K. Porter, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, D. Rose, M. Vardaro, Valérie Martinez, A. Avila-Alvarez, Cesare Barbieri, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, L. Nevin, D. Verkindt, M. Cho, J. Cao, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, I. Maksimovic, R. L. Ward, G. Hemming, F. Badaracco, C. Messenger, S. M. Koehlenbeck, N. Leroy, B. Bécsy, Des Gibson, Vivishek Sudhir, E. Schreiber, L. Terkowski, Leo Singer, Ryan Magee, Nandita Khetan, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, A. Gennai, L. Kleybolte, Harald P. Pfeiffer, M. Rizzo, I. W. Martin, David E. McClelland, Daniel R. 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Rosińska, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Australian Research Council, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Council of Science and Technology UP (India), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat Valenciana, National Science Centre (Poland), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Swiss National Science Foundation, European Commission, Royal Society (UK), Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, National Research Foundation of Korea, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. 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A., Prokhorov, L., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Rettegno, P., Ricci, F., Richardson, C. J., Richardson, J. W., Ricker, P. M., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romanelli, M., Romano, J., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rose, C. A., Rose, D., Rose, K., Rosinska, D., Rosofsky, S. G., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rudiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Santiago, K. A., Santos, E., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shukla, K., Shyamsundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Soni, S., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tapai, M., Tapia, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Tenorio, R., Terkowski, L., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, C. I., Toyr, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Bakel, N. V., Beuzekom, M. V., Brand, J. F. J. V. D., Broeck, C. V. D., Vander-Hyde, D. C., Schaaf, L. V. D., Vanheijningen, J. V., Veggel, A. A. V., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Viets, A. D., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, S., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Wessels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, S., Xu, R., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, H., Yuen, S. H. R., Zadrozny, A. K., Zadrozny, A., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Abbott, B, Abbott, R, Abbott, T, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adhikari, R, Adya, V, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, O, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Aloy, M, Altin, P, Amato, A, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Angelova, S, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Araya, M, Areeda, J, Ar ne, M, Arnaud, N, Aronson, S, Arun, K, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aston, S, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V, Avila-Alvarez, A, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, M, Bae, S, Baird, J, Baker, P, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, S, Bals, A, Banagiri, S, Barayoga, J, Barbieri, C, Barclay, S, Barish, B, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barnum, S, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, J, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bell, A, Beniwal, D, 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Santos, E, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, B, Sauter, O, Savage, R, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, R, Schonbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Scott, J, Scott, S, Seidel, E, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, D, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaner, M, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shink, R, Shoemaker, D, Shukla, K, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Singer, L, Singh, D, Singh, N, Singhal, A, Sintes, A, Sitmukhambetov, S, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B, Slaven-Blair, T, Smith, J, Smith, R, Somala, S, Son, E, Soni, S, Sorazu, B, Sorrentino, F, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spencer, A, Spera, M, Srivastava, A, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Standke, M, Steer, D, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stevenson, S, Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, D, Strain, K, Stratta, G, Strigin, S, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A, Sudhir, V, Summerscales, T, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, P, Swinkels, B, Szczepanczyk, M, Tacca, M, Tait, S, Talbot, C, Tanner, D, Tao, D, Tapai, M, Tapia, A, Tasson, J, Taylor, R, Tenorio, R, Terkowski, L, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, C, Toyr, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, M, Tripathee, A, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Tsang, K, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Tuyenbayev, D, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, A, Usman, S, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, Bakel, N, Beuzekom, M, Brand, J, Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, Schaaf, L, Vanheijningen, J, Veggel, A, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, A, Vinciguerra, S, Vine, D, Vinet, J, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, A, Wade, L, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, Y, Ward, R, Warden, Z, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, L, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, E, Wessels, P, Westhouse, J, Wette, K, Whelan, J, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Winkler, W, Wipf, C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Wright, J, Wu, D, Wysocki, D, Xiao, S, Xu, R, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, C, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, M, Yazback, M, Yeeles, D, Yu, H, Yuen, S, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhou, M, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zimmerman, A, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), VIRGO, (Astro)-Particles Physics, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Arène, M., Bécsy, B., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Diaz, J. Casanueva, Cavaglià, M., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cieślar, M., Cordero-Carrión, I., Dálya, G., D’Angelo, B., D’Antonio, S., Deléglise, S., Pozzo, W. Del, de Varona, O., Díaz, M. C., Vivanco, Francisco Hernandez, Fronzè, G., García-Quirós, C., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, González, G., Gupta, Anchal, Hübner, M. T., Kéfélian, F., Kim, Chunglee, Krämer, C., Królak, A., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Lück, H., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magaña-Sandoval, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Villa, E. Mejuto, Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, Subroto, Muñiz, E. A., O’Brien, B. D., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Périgois, C., Pinto, I. M., Pürrer, M., Rana, Javed, Rosińska, D., Rüdiger, A., Schönbeck, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tápai, M., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Torres-Forné, A., Töyrä, D., Bakel, N. van, Beuzekom, M. van, Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Schaaf, L. van der, Veggel, A. A. van, Vasúth, M., Viceré, A., Weßels, P., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Zadrożny, A. K., Zadrożny, A., RS: FSE MSP, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Faculty of Science, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), and Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Gravitació, neutron star: binary, cosmological model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Gravitational Waves, Hubble constant, O2, LIGO, Virgo, detector: network, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, LIGO, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Hubble constant, Settore FIS/05, CATALOG, Physical Sciences, symbols, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), DATA RELEASE, COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, FOS: Physical sciences, O2, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS, gravitational radiation: direct detection, Gravitational-wave astronomy, 1ST, Article, electromagnetic field: production, symbols.namesake, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, DISTRIBUTIONS, K-CORRECTIONS, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Astrophysique, STFC, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Gravitational Waves, Science & Technology, Gravitational wave, Virgo, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, cosmology, gravitational waves, 310 Galaxies and Cosmology, Galaxy, EVOLUTION, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie, gravitational radiation detector, VIRGO, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], DENSITY, gravitational radiation: emission, Dark energy, Astronomia, ddc:520, galaxy, Gravitational wave astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hubble's law
Abstract

This paper presents the gravitational-wave measurement of the Hubble constant (H 0) using the detections from the first and second observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detector network. The presence of the transient electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star GW170817 led to the first standard-siren measurement of H 0. Here we additionally use binary black hole detections in conjunction with galaxy catalogs and report a joint measurement. Our updated measurement is H 0 = km s-1 Mpc-1 (68.3% of the highest density posterior interval with a flat-in-log prior) which is an improvement by a factor of 1.04 (about 4%) over the GW170817-only value of km s-1 Mpc-1. A significant additional contribution currently comes from GW170814, a loud and well-localized detection from a part of the sky thoroughly covered by the Dark Energy Survey. With numerous detections anticipated over the upcoming years, an exhaustive understanding of other systematic effects are also going to become increasingly important. These results establish the path to cosmology using gravitational-wave observations with and without transient electromagnetic counterparts., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2021

11. Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of a Zinc Porphyrin for CO 2 Reduction: Cooperative Effects of Triazole Units in the Second Coordination Sphere

Author

Jianbing 'Jimmy' Jiang, Caroline K. Williams, Amir Lashgari, Jenna L. Glover, Jingchao Chai, and Yueshen Wu

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Coordination sphere, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Triazole, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Electrocatalyst, 01 natural sciences, Porphyrin, Combinatorial chemistry, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Coordination complex, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Carbon monoxide, Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide
Abstract

The control of the second coordination sphere in a coordination complex plays an important role in improving catalytic efficiency. Herein, we report a zinc porphyrin complex ZnPor8T with multiple flexible triazole units comprising the second coordination sphere, as an electrocatalyst for the highly selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to carbon monoxide (CO). This electrocatalyst converted CO 2 to CO with a Faradaic efficiency of 99% and a current density of -6.2 mA/cm 2 at -2.4 V vs Fc/Fc + in N,N -dimethylformamide using water as the proton source. Structure-function relationship studies were carried out on ZnPor8T analogs containing different numbers of triazole units and distinct triazole geometries; these unveiled that the triazole units function cooperatively to stabilize the CO 2 -catalyst adduct in order to facilitate intramolecular proton transfer. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating triazole units that function in a cooperative manner is a versatile strategy to enhance the activity of electrocatalytic CO 2 conversion.

Published
2020

12. Selection and Characterization of Mutants Defective in DNA Methylation in Neurospora crassa

Author

Andrew D. Klocko, Laurel Payne, Aurelian Stewart, William K Storck, Robert Parrish, Kirsten Gotting, Shin Hatakeyama, Marissa L. Glover, Eric U. Selker, Ariel M Morrison, Nicole D Moss, Calvin A Summers, and Kevin J McNaught

Subjects
Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Methyltransferase complex, Heterochromatin, biology.organism_classification, Neurospora crassa, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Histone methyltransferase, DNA methylation, Constitutive heterochromatin, Epigenetics, Gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

DNA methylation, a prototypical epigenetic modification implicated in gene silencing, occurs in many eukaryotes and plays a significant role in the etiology of diseases such as cancer. The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa places DNA methylation at regions of constitutive heterochromatin such as in centromeres and in other A:T-rich regions of the genome, but this modification is dispensable for normal growth and development. This and other features render N. crassa an excellent model to genetically dissect elements of the DNA methylation pathway. We implemented a forward genetic selection on a massive scale, utilizing two engineered antibiotic-resistance genes silenced by DNA methylation, to isolate mutants defective in methylation (dim). Hundreds of potential mutants were characterized, yielding a rich collection of informative alleles of 11 genes important for DNA methylation, most of which were already reported. In parallel, we characterized the pairwise interactions in nuclei of the DCDC, the only histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase complex in Neurospora, including those between the DIM-5 catalytic subunit and other complex members. We also dissected the N- and C-termini of the key protein DIM-7, required for DIM-5 histone methyltransferase localization and activation. Lastly, we identified two alleles of a novel gene, dim-10 – a homolog of Clr5 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe – that is not essential for DNA methylation, but is necessary for repression of the antibiotic-resistance genes used in the selection, which suggests that both DIM-10 and DNA methylation promote silencing of constitutive heterochromatin.

Published
2020

13. Everyday Discrimination in Adults with Knee Pain: The Role of Perceived Stress and Pain Catastrophizing

Author

Laura B. Hughes, Josue Cardoso, Emily J. Bartley, Toni L. Glover, Ellen L. Terry, Kimberly T. Sibille, David T. Redden, Adriana S. Addison, Roland Staud, Kathryn A. Thompson, Roger B. Fillingim, Laurence A. Bradley, M Dottington Fullwood, Staja Q. Booker, and Burel R. Goodin

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, WOMAC, business.industry, Chronic pain, Ethnic group, Perceived Stress Scale, Osteoarthritis, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Knee pain, 030202 anesthesiology, medicine, Physical therapy, Pain catastrophizing, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Purpose Research indicates pain-related disparities in the impact of knee osteoarthritis (OA) across both sex and ethnicity/race. While several factors likely contribute to these disparities, experiences of discrimination are associated with poor OA-related pain, disability, and functional performance. However, the mechanisms that mediate experiences of discrimination and OA-related outcomes are unclear. The current cross-sectional study examined the associations between everyday experiences of discrimination and clinical pain, disability and functional performance among non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) persons with or at risk of knee OA and assessed the serial mediated model of perceived stress and pain catastrophizing on these relationships in women only. Patients and Methods Participants were 188 community-dwelling adults who presented with unilateral or bilateral knee pain and screened positive for clinical knee pain. Participants completed several measures including experiences of discrimination, Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Strategies Questionnaire-Revised (CSQ-R): Pain Catastrophizing subscale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results As compared to NHW participants, NHB individuals reported experiencing significantly higher levels of discrimination (F(1, 175)=26.660, p

Published
2020

15. Foreword

Author

DANNY L. GLOVER

Published
2021

16. Declining yet persistent use of traditional contraceptive methods in low- and middle-income countries

Author

Annie L Glover, Jane T. Bertrand, and John Ross

Subjects
Developing country, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Condom, law, Contraceptive Agents, Female, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Contraception Behavior, Developing Countries, Alternative methods, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Social Sciences, Quarter (United States coin), Discontinuation, Contraception, Low and middle income countries, Family planning, Pill, Family Planning Services, Income, Female, Business, Demography
Abstract

Traditional contraceptive methods are used by 55 million women in developing countries. This study analysed over 80 national surveys to compare traditional with modern method users, by type, region, socio-demographic characteristics, strength of family planning programmes and discontinuation rates. The advance of modern methods has greatly reduced the share held by traditional methods, but the actual prevalence of their use has declined little. Young, sexually active unmarried women use traditional contraception much more than their married counterparts. Discontinuation rates are somewhat lower for traditional methods than for the resupply methods of the pill, injectable and condom; among users of all of these methods, more than a quarter stop use in the first year to switch to alternative methods. Traditional method use is firmly entrenched in many countries, as the initial method tried, a bridge method to modern contraception and even the primary method where other methods are not easily available.

Published
2021

17. Telehealth During COVID-19: Suicide Prevention and American Indian Communities in Montana

Author

Haley Eakin, Annie L. Glover, Zachary Pruitt, and Kate P. Chapin

Subjects
Suicide Prevention, medicine.medical_specialty, Telemedicine, Descriptive statistics, Montana, SARS-CoV-2, Social distance, Public health, education, COVID-19, Health Informatics, General Medicine, Telehealth, Suicide prevention, Health Information Management, Family medicine, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Disconnection, Psychology, Pandemics, health care economics and organizations, American Indian or Alaska Native
Abstract

Background: Public health measures that prevent the spread of COVID-19, such as social distancing, may increase the risk for suicide among American Indians due to decreased social connectedness that is crucial to wellbeing. Telehealth represents a potential solution, but barriers to effective suicide prevention may exist. Materials and Methods: In collaboration with Tribal and Urban Indian Health Center providers, this study measured suicide prevention practices during COVID-19. A 44-item Likert-type, web-based survey was distributed to Montana-based professionals who directly provide suicide prevention services to American Indians at risk for suicide. Descriptive statistics were calculated for survey items, and Mann-Whitney U tests examined the differences in telehealth use, training, skills among Montana geographic areas, and barriers between providers and their clients/patients. Results: Among the 80 respondents, two-thirds agreed or strongly agreed that American Indians experienced greater social disconnection since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Almost 98% agreed that telehealth was needed, and 93% were willing to use telehealth for suicide prevention services. Among current users, 75% agreed telehealth was effective for suicide prevention. Over one-third of respondents reported using telehealth for the first time during COVID-19 pandemic, and 30% use telehealth at least "usually" since the COVID-19 pandemic began, up from 6.3%. Compared with their own experiences, providers perceive their American Indian client/patients as experiencing greater barriers to telehealth. Discussion: Telehealth was increasingly utilized for suicide prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Opportunities to improve telehealth access should be explored, including investments in telehealth technologies for American Indians at risk for suicide.

Published
2021

18. The Digital Black Atlantic

Author

Abdul Alkalimat, Sonya Donaldson, Amy E. Earhart, Janneken Smucker, Angel David Nieves, Alexandrina Agloro, Sayan Bhattacharyya, Paul Barrett, Hélène Huet, Suzan Alteri, Laurie N. Taylor, Jamila Moore Pewu, Schuyler Esprit, Toniesha L. Taylor, Agata Błoch, Demival Vasques Filho, Michał Bojanowski, Tunde Opeibi, Anne Donlon, D. Fox Harrell, Sercan Şengün, Danielle Olson, Laurent Dubois, David Kirkland Garner, Mary Caton Lingold, Anne Rice, Kaiama L. Glover, and Alex Gil

Published
2021

20. Predicting Detection Performance on Security X-Ray Images as a Function of Image Quality

Author

Nicholas G. Paulter, Zeina Sinno, Praful Gupta, Jack L. Glover, and Alan C. Bovik

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Image quality, media_common.quotation_subject, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Scene statistics, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Article, Task (project management), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Medical imaging, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Quality (business), Artificial intelligence, Metric (unit), business, computer, Software, media_common
Abstract

Developing methods to predict how image quality affects the task performance is a topic of great interest in many applications. While such studies have been performed in the medical imaging community, little work has been reported in the security X-ray imaging literature. In this paper, we develop models that predict the effect of image quality on the detection of the improvised explosive device components by bomb technicians in images taken using portable X-ray systems. Using a newly developed NIST-LIVE X-Ray Task Performance Database, we created a set of objective algorithms that predict bomb technician detection performance based on the measures of image quality. Our basic measures are traditional image quality indicators (IQIs) and perceptually relevant natural scene statistics (NSS)-based measures that have been extensively used in visible light image quality prediction algorithms. We show that these measures are able to quantify the perceptual severity of degradations and can predict the performance of expert bomb technicians in identifying threats. Combining NSS- and IQI-based measures yields even better task performance prediction than either of these methods independently. We also developed a new suite of statistical task prediction models that we refer to as quality inspectors of X-ray images (QUIX); we believe this is the first NSS-based model for security X-ray images. We also show that QUIX can be used to reliably predict conventional IQI metric values on the distorted X-ray images.

Published
2019

21. Neuropathic-Like Pain Symptoms in a Community-Dwelling Sample with or at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis

Author

Laurence A. Bradley, Staja Q. Booker, Burel R. Goodin, Ivana A. Vaughn, Emily J. Bartley, Kathryn A. Thompson, Roland Staud, Jeffrey C. Edberg, Hailey W. Bulls, Kimberly T. Sibille, Ellen L. Terry, Josue Cardoso, Toni L. Glover, Roger B. Fillingim, Laura B. Hughes, David T. Redden, and Adriana S. Addison

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Central sensitization, Significant group, Osteoarthritis, Physical function, Summation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Aged, Pain Measurement, Pain symptoms, Aged, 80 and over, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Quantitative sensory testing, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, medicine.disease, Neuropathic Pain Section, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Knee pain, Physical therapy, Neuralgia, Female, Independent Living, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectiveTo characterize neuropathic-like pain among individuals with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis.SubjectsOne hundred eighty-four individuals who self-identified as non-Hispanic black or non-Hispanic white and presented with unilateral or bilateral knee pain.DesignNeuropathic-like pain was assessed using the painDETECT, and those with high vs low neuropathic-like pain were compared on clinical pain, psychological symptoms, physical function, and quantitative sensory testing. Analyses were unadjusted, partially and fully adjusted for relevant covariates.ResultsThirty-two (17.4%) participants reported experiencing neuropathic-like pain features above the painDETECT clinical cut-score. The neuropathic-like pain group reported significantly greater pain severity on all measures of clinical pain and higher levels of psychological symptoms when fully adjusted for covariates, but no differences emerged for disability and lower extremity function. The neuropathic-like pain group also reported greater overall heat pain ratings during the heat pain threshold and increased temporal summation of heat pain in the fully adjusted model. Additionally, those with neuropathic-like pain symptoms reported greater painful after-sensations following heat pain temporal summation in all analyses. No significant group differences in pressure pain threshold emerged at any of the testing sites. In contrast, temporal summation of mechanical pain was significantly greater at both the index knee and the ipsilateral hand for the neuropathic-like pain group in all analyses.ConclusionsParticipants with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis who reported high neuropathic-like pain experienced significantly greater clinical pain and increased heat and mechanical temporal summation at the index knee and other body sites tested, suggesting central sensitization.

Published
2019

22. Race/Ethnicity Moderates the Association Between Psychosocial Resilience and Movement‐Evoked Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis

Author

Josue Cardoso, Clarence C. Gravlee, Emily J. Bartley, Ivana A. Vaughn, Nadia I. Hossain, Hailey W. Bulls, Laurence A. Bradley, Kimberly T. Sibille, Kathryn A. Thompson, Roger B. Fillingim, Ellen L. Terry, Staja Q. Booker, Burel R. Goodin, Adriana Sotolongo, Toni L. Glover, Roland Staud, and Jeffrey C. Edberg

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Ethnic group, Osteoarthritis, Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, 0302 clinical medicine, Optimism, Medicine, pain, resilience, media_common, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Original Articles, race/ethnicity, General Medicine, Moderation, medicine.disease, osteoarthritis, disability, Original Article, Psychological resilience, business, Psychosocial, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Objective Racial/ethnic disparities in pain are well-recognized, with non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) experiencing greater pain severity and pain-related disability than non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). Although numerous risk factors are posited as contributors to these disparities, there is limited research addressing how resilience differentially influences pain and functioning across race/ethnicity. Therefore, this study examined associations between measures of psychosocial resilience, clinical pain, and functional performance among adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA), and assessed the moderating role of race/ethnicity on these relationships. Methods In a secondary analysis of the Understanding Pain and Limitations in Osteoarthritic Disease (UPLOAD-2) study, 201 individuals with knee OA (NHB = 105, NHW = 96) completed measures of resilience (ie, trait resilience, optimism, positive well-being, social support, positive affect) and clinical pain, as well as a performance-based measure assessing lower-extremity function and movement-evoked pain. Results Bivariate analyses showed that higher levels of psychosocial resilience were associated with lower clinical pain and disability and more optimal physical functioning. NHBs reported greater pain and disability, poorer lower-extremity function, and higher movement-evoked pain compared with NHWs; however, measures of psychosocial resilience were similar across race/ethnicity. In moderation analyses, higher optimism and positive well-being were protective against movement-evoked pain in NHBs, whereas higher levels of positive affect were associated with greater movement-evoked pain in NHWs. Conclusion Our findings underscore the importance of psychosocial resilience on OA-related pain and function and highlight the influence of race/ethnicity on the resilience-pain relationship. Treatments aimed at targeting resilience may help mitigate racial/ethnic disparities in pain.

Published
2019

24. Changing Nonstuttering Preschool Children's Stuttering Attitudes

Author

Mary E. Weidner, Haley L. Glover, and Kenneth O. St. Louis

Subjects
Male, Linguistics and Language, Stuttering, Speech perception, Voice Quality, media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, Child Behavior, Empathy, Speech Acoustics, Developmental psychology, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Interpersonal relationship, 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Peer influence, Interpersonal Relations, Peer Influence, media_common, Speech Intelligibility, Age Factors, Attitude, Psychological Distance, Otorhinolaryngology, Child, Preschool, Speech Perception, Female, Construal level theory, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Purpose Negative or uninformed stuttering attitudes proliferate among the general public, and bourgeoning research has shown that such attitudes might emerge as early as the preschool years. Much remains unknown about young children's stuttering attitudes, and conclusive recommendations to improve attitudes toward stuttering have yet to be advanced. This study sought to determine the effect of a new educational program on improving stuttering attitudes among preschool children using objective measures. Method Thirty-seven preschool children learned about stuttering and sensitive peer interactions by participating in the newly developed Attitude Change and Tolerance program. The program teaches children about human differences with an emphasis on stuttering and how to interact with people who stutter. Children's stuttering attitudes were measured using the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering/Child (Weidner & St. Louis, 2014) before and after the program. Results Pre–post comparisons showed statistically significant improvements in children's overall stuttering attitudes. In particular, children demonstrated gains relative to their perceptions of and reactions toward people who stutter. Conclusion This study provides empirical evidence that young children's stuttering attitudes can be improved using the Attitude Change and Tolerance program. In addition, it supports previous research that negative stuttering attitudes emerge as early as preschool.

Published
2018

26. Assessing Readiness to Provide Comprehensive Abortion Care in the Democratic Republic of the Congo After Passage of the Maputo Protocol

Author

Didine Kaba, Patrick K. Kayembe, Pélagie Babakazo, and Annie L Glover

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Aftercare, Context (language use), Abortion, World health, Obstetric care, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Misoprostol, Demography, media_common, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Pregnancy, Unplanned, Abortion, Induced, medicine.disease, Democracy, Abortion, Spontaneous, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Female, Medical emergency, business, Maputo Protocol, medicine.drug
Abstract

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) decriminalized abortion under certain circumstances in 2018 through the Maputo Protocol. However, little is known about the readiness of the country's health facilities to provide comprehensive abortion care.Data on 1,380 health facilities from the 2017-2018 DRC Service Provision Assessment (SPA) inventory survey were used to assess readiness to provide abortion care in four domains: termination of pregnancy, basic treatment of postabortion complications, comprehensive treatment of postabortion complications and postabortion contraceptive care. Analyses used a modified application of the emergency obstetric care signal function approach; criteria for readiness were based on World Health Organization guidelines.Thirty-one percent of DRC facilities met the criteria for readiness to provide abortions. The proportion of facilities classified as ready was higher among urban facilities than rural ones (50% vs. 26%), and among hospitals than health centers or reference health centers (72% vs. 25% and 45%, respectively). Few facilities were ready to provide either basic or comprehensive treatment of postabortion complications (4% and 1%); readiness to provide these services was greatest among hospitals (14% and 11%). Only a third of facilities displayed readiness to provide postabortion contraceptive care. Inadequate supplies of medication (e.g., misoprostol, antibiotics, contraceptives) and equipment were the greatest barrier to readiness.Most DRC facilities were not ready to provide comprehensive abortion care. Improving supplies of vital health commodities will improve readiness, and has the potential to reduce the prevalence of unplanned pregnancies and future demand for abortions.RESUMEN Contexto: En 2018, la República Democrática del Congo (RDC) despenalizó el aborto bajo ciertas circunstancias a través del Protocolo de Maputo. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la disposición de las instituciones de salud del país para proveer servicios integrales de aborto. Métodos: Se utilizaron datos de 1,380 instituciones de salud a partir de la Encuesta Inventario sobre la Evaluación de la Prestación de Servicios (EPS) con el fin de evaluar la disposición para proveer servicios de aborto en cuatro dominios: terminación del embarazo, tratamiento básico de complicaciones postaborto, tratamiento integral de complicaciones postaborto y servicios anticonceptivos postaborto. Los análisis utilizaron una aplicación modificada del enfoque de función de señales de atención obstétrica de emergencia; los criterios para disposición se basaron en las pautas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados: Treinta y un porciento de las instituciones de salud de la RDC cumplieron con los criterios de disposición para la provisión de servicios de aborto. La proporción de instituciones clasificadas como preparadas fue mayor en los centros urbanos que en los rurales (50% vs. 26%) y en hospitales respecto de centros de salud o centros de salud de referencia (72% vs. 25% y 45%, respectivamente). Pocas instituciones de salud estuvieron preparadas para proveer ya fueran servicios básicos o tratamiento integral para complicaciones postaborto (4% y 1%); la mayor preparación para proveer esos servicios se presentó en los hospitales (14% y 11%). Solamente un tercio de las instituciones de salud mostró estar preparado para proveer servicios anticonceptivos postaborto. La inadecuada disponibilidad de medicamentos (ej., misoprostol, antibióticos, anticonceptivos) y de equipo fueron las más grandes barreras para la preparación. Conclusiones: La mayoría de las instituciones de salud de la RDC no estuvieron preparadas para proveer servicios integrales de aborto. Mejorar la disponibilidad de productos vitales para la salud aumentará la preparación y tiene el potencial de reducir la prevalencia de embarazos no planeados y la demanda futura de servicios de aborto.RÉSUMÉ Contexte: La République démocratique du Congo (RDC) a décriminalisé l'avortement dans certaines circonstances en 2018, du fait du Protocole de Maputo. La préparation des formations sanitaires du pays à assumer des soins d'avortement complets n'est cependant guère documentée. Méthodes: Les données relatives à 1 380 formations sanitaires comprises dans l'enquête d‘évaluation de la prestation des services de soins de santé (EPSS) ont servi à évaluer l‘état de préparation à offrir et assurer des soins d'avortement sur quatre plans: l'interruption de grossesse, le traitement de base des complications après avortement, le traitement complet des complications après avortement et les soins de contraception après avortement. Les analyses reposent sur une application modifiée de l'approche des fonctions fondamentales des soins obstétricaux d'urgence; les critères de préparation, sur les directives de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé. Résultats: Trente-et-un pour cent des formations sanitaires de RDC répondaient aux critères de préparation à la prestation de l'avortement. La proportion qualifiée de prête était plus grande parmi les formations urbaines que rurales (50% contre 26%) et parmi les hôpitaux que dans les centres de santé ou de référence (72% contre 25% et 45%, respectivement). Peu de formations étaient prêtes à traiter, selon une approche de base ou complète, les complications après avortement (4% et 1%). Cette préparation était supérieure dans les hôpitaux (14% et 11%). Un tiers seulement des formations sanitaires étaient prêtes à offrir des soins contraceptifs après avortement. La disponibilité inadéquate de médicaments (par ex., misoprostol, antibiotiques, contraceptifs) et d'équipements était le plus grand obstacle à la préparation. Conclusions: La plupart des formations sanitaires en RDC n‘étaient pas prêtes à assumer les soins complets de l'avortement. L'amélioration de l'approvisionnement en produits de santé vitaux renforcera l‘état de préparation tout en offrant le potentiel de réduire la prévalence des grossesses non planifiées et la demande future d'avortements.

Published
2020

28. Multivariate Statistical Approach to Image Quality Tasks

Author

Praful, Gupta, Christos G, Bampis, Jack L, Glover, Nicholas G, Paulter, and Alan C, Bovik

Subjects
generalized contrast normalization, multivariate statistical modeling, X-ray images, image quality assessment, Article
Abstract

Many existing Natural Scene Statistics-based no reference image quality assessment (NR IQA) algorithms employ univariate parametric distributions to capture the statistical inconsistencies of bandpass distorted image coefficients. Here we propose a multivariate model of natural image coefficients expressed in the bandpass spatial domain that has the potential to capture higher-order correlations that may be induced by the presence of distortions. We analyze how the parameters of the multivariate model are affected by different distortion types, and we show their ability to capture distortion-sensitive image quality information. We also demonstrate the violation of Gaussianity assumptions that occur when locally estimating the energies of distorted image coefficients. Thus we propose a generalized Gaussian-based local contrast estimator as a way to implement non-linear local gain control, that facilitates the accurate modeling of both pristine and distorted images. We integrate the novel approach of generalized contrast normalization with multivariate modeling of bandpass image coefficients into a holistic NR IQA model, which we refer to as multivariate generalized contrast normalization (MVGCN). We demonstrate the improved performance of MVGCN on quality relevant tasks on multiple imaging modalities, including visible light image quality prediction and task success prediction on distorted X-ray images.

Published
2020

29. Associations between Vitamin D, Omega 6:Omega 3 Ratio, and Biomarkers of Aging in Individuals Living with and without Chronic Pain

Author

Akemi T. Wijayabahu, Angela M. Mickle, Volker Mai, Cynthia Garvan, Toni L. Glover, Robert L. Cook, Jinying Zhao, Marianna K. Baum, Roger B. Fillingim, and Kimberly T. Sibille

Subjects
Male, Aging, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, vitamin D, Article, C-reactive protein, leukocyte telomere length, omega 6:omega 3 ratio, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Leukocytes, Humans, TX341-641, Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Telomere Homeostasis, Middle Aged, Telomere, Vitamin D Deficiency, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Chronic Pain, Biomarkers, Food Science
Abstract

Elevated inflammatory cytokines and chronic pain are associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a measure of cellular aging. Micronutrients, such as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) and omega 3, have anti-inflammatory properties. Little is known regarding the relationships between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, LTL, inflammation, and chronic pain. We investigate associations between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, LTL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in people living with/without chronic pain overall and stratified by chronic pain status. A cross-sectional analysis of 402 individuals (63% women, 79.5% with chronic pain) was completed. Demographic and health information was collected. Chronic pain was assessed as pain experienced for at least three months. LTL was measured in genomic DNA isolated from blood leukocytes, and micronutrients and CRP were measured in serum samples. Data were analyzed with general linear regression. Although an association between the continuous micronutrients and LTL was not observed, a positive association between omega 6:3 ratio and CRP was detected. In individuals with chronic pain, based on clinical categories, significant associations between vitamin D, omega 6:3 ratio, and CRP were observed. Findings highlight the complex relationships between anti-inflammatory micronutrients, inflammation, cellular aging, and chronic pain.

Published
2022

30. Large differences in CO

Author

David I, Campbell, Georgie L, Glover-Clark, Jordan P, Goodrich, Christopher P, Morcom, Louis A, Schipper, and Aaron M, Wall

Abstract

Drained peatlands are major sources of CO

Published
2020

31. Sister chromatid repair maintains genomic integrity during meiosis inCaenorhabditis elegans

Author

Diana E. Libuda, Erik Toraason, Marissa L. Glover, Alina Salagean, Cordell Clark, and Anna Horacek

Subjects
Chromosome segregation, Meiotic Prophase I, Prophase, Meiosis, fungi, Sister chromatids, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, Ploidy, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Oogenesis, Caenorhabditis elegans, Cell biology
Abstract

SummaryDuring meiosis, the maintenance of genome integrity is critical for generating viable haploid gametes [1]. In meiotic prophase I, double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) are induced and a subset of these DSBs are repaired as interhomolog crossovers to ensure proper chromosome segregation. DSBs in excess of the permitted number of crossovers must be repaired by other pathways to ensure genome integrity [2]. To determine if the sister chromatid is engaged for meiotic DSB repair during oogenesis, we developed an assay to detect sister chromatid repair events at a defined DSB site duringCaenorhabditis elegansmeiosis. Using this assay, we directly demonstrate that the sister chromatid is available as a meiotic repair template for both crossover and noncrossover recombination, with noncrossovers being the predominant recombination outcome. We additionally find that the sister chromatid is the exclusive recombination partner for DSBs during late meiotic prophase I. Analysis of noncrossover conversion tract sequences reveals that DSBs are processed similarly throughout prophase I and recombination intermediates remain central around the DSB site. Further, we demonstrate that the SMC-5/6 complex is required for long conversion tracts in early prophase I and intersister crossovers during late meiotic prophase I; whereas, the XPF-1 nuclease is required only in late prophase to promote sister chromatid repair. In response to exogenous DNA damage at different stages of meiosis, we find that mutants for SMC-5/6 and XPF-1 have differential effects on progeny viability. Overall, we propose that SMC-5/6 both processes recombination intermediates and promotes sister chromatid repair within meiotic prophase I, while XPF-1 is required as an intersister resolvase only in late prophase I.

Published
2020

32. Integrating the ELNEC undergraduate curriculum into Nursing Education: Lessons learned

Author

Megan Lippe, Toni L. Glover, Nanci McLeskey, Andra Davis, Polly Mazanec, and Casey Shillam

Subjects
Medical education, Palliative care, 030504 nursing, education, Distance education, Palliative Care, Champion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Undergraduate curriculum, Critical care nursing, Faculty, Nursing, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Humans, Students, Nursing, 030212 general & internal medicine, Nurse education, Curriculum, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Education, Nursing, General Nursing, Graduation
Abstract

Nurses are called to lead and transform palliative care, compelling nurse educators to provide the requisite education to do so. All nursing students need to learn primary palliative care to be prepared to care for the growing number of patients with serious illness and their families. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Competencies And Recommendations for Educating nursing Students (CARES) document outlines 17 palliative care competencies to be attained by graduation from their pre-licensure programs. Integrating standardized primary palliative care education into curriculum remains a challenge for nurse educators. The End of Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) Undergraduate online modules represent one educational strategy that supports faculty and students in meeting AACN competencies as well as other national guidelines for palliative care education. Despite its ease of use, only about 25% of all undergraduate programs are incorporating these into their programs. Faculty continue to report barriers to implementing palliative care education, including saturated curricula, limited content expertise, and cost. This paper describes lessons learned from palliative care champion nursing schools to help overcome these barriers.

Published
2020

35. Selection and Characterization of Mutants Defective in DNA Methylation in

Author

Andrew D, Klocko, Calvin A, Summers, Marissa L, Glover, Robert, Parrish, William K, Storck, Kevin J, McNaught, Nicole D, Moss, Kirsten, Gotting, Aurelian, Stewart, Ariel M, Morrison, Laurel, Payne, Shin, Hatakeyama, and Eric U, Selker

Subjects
Fungal Proteins, Neurospora crassa, Mutation, DNA Methylation, Investigations
Abstract

DNA methylation, a prototypical epigenetic modification implicated in gene silencing, occurs in many eukaryotes and plays a significant role in the etiology of diseases such as cancer. The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa places DNA methylation at regions of constitutive heterochromatin such as in centromeres and in other A:T-rich regions of the genome, but this modification is dispensable for normal growth and development. This and other features render N. crassa an excellent model to genetically dissect elements of the DNA methylation pathway. We implemented a forward genetic selection on a massive scale, utilizing two engineered antibiotic-resistance genes silenced by DNA methylation, to isolate mutants defective in methylation (dim). Hundreds of potential mutants were characterized, yielding a rich collection of informative alleles of 11 genes important for DNA methylation, most of which were already reported. In parallel, we characterized the pairwise interactions in nuclei of the DCDC, the only histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase complex in Neurospora, including those between the DIM-5 catalytic subunit and other complex members. We also dissected the N- and C-termini of the key protein DIM-7, required for DIM-5 histone methyltransferase localization and activation. Lastly, we identified two alleles of a novel gene, dim-10 – a homolog of Clr5 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe – that is not essential for DNA methylation, but is necessary for repression of the antibiotic-resistance genes used in the selection, which suggests that both DIM-10 and DNA methylation promote silencing of constitutive heterochromatin.

Published
2020

36. Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of a Zinc Porphyrin for CO

Author

Amir, Lashgari, Caroline K, Williams, Jenna L, Glover, Yueshen, Wu, Jingchao, Chai, and Jianbing Jimmy, Jiang

Abstract

The control of the second coordination sphere in a coordination complex plays an important role in improving catalytic efficiency. Herein, we report a zinc porphyrin complex ZnPor8T with multiple flexible triazole units comprising the second coordination sphere, as an electrocatalyst for the highly selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO

Published
2020

37. Palliative medicine and end-of-life care

Author

Toni L, Glover and Benzi M, Kluger

Subjects
Advance Care Planning, Terminal Care, Palliative Care, Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Palliative Medicine
Abstract

Palliative care is an approach to the care of patients, affected by serious illness, and their families that aims to reduce suffering through the management of medical symptoms, psychosocial issues, spiritual well-being, and setting goals of care. Patients and families affected by a neurodegenerative illness have significant palliative care needs beginning at the time of diagnosis and extending through end-of-life care and bereavement. We advocate an approach to addressing these needs where the patient's primary care provider or neurologist plays a central role. Key skills in providing effective palliative care to this population include providing the diagnosis with compassion, setting goals of care, anticipating safety concerns, caregiver assessment, advance care planning, addressing psychosocial concerns, and timely referral to a hospice. Managing distressing medical and psychiatric symptoms is critical to improving quality of life throughout the disease course as well as at end-of-life. Many symptoms are common across illnesses; however, there are issues that are specific to the most common classes of neurodegenerative illness, namely dementia, parkinsonism, and motor neuron disease. Incorporating a palliative approach to care, although challenging in many ways, empowers physicians to provide greater support and guidance to patients and families in making the difficult journey through a neurodegenerative illness.

Published
2019

38. SNRP-27, the C. elegans homolog of the tri-snRNP 27K protein, has a role in 5′ splice site positioning in the spliceosome

Author

Marissa L Glover, Sol Katzman, James Matthew Ragle, Samira Yitiz, Lucero E Rogel, and Alan M. Zahler

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Spliceosome, RNA Splicing, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Splicing factor, Report, RNA Precursors, Animals, Humans, snRNP, splice, Caenorhabditis elegans, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Intron, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear, 030104 developmental biology, MRNA Sequencing, Mutation, RNA splicing, Spliceosomes, RNA Splice Sites
Abstract

The tri-snRNP 27K protein is a component of the human U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP and contains an N-terminal phosphorylated RS domain. In a forward genetic screen in C. elegans, we previously identified a dominant mutation, M141T, in the highly-conserved C-terminal region of this protein. The mutant allele promotes changes in cryptic 5′ splice site choice. To better understand the function of this poorly characterized splicing factor, we performed high-throughput mRNA sequencing analysis on worms containing this dominant mutation. Comparison of alternative splice site usage between the mutant and wild-type strains led to the identification of 26 native genes whose splicing changes in the presence of the snrp-27 mutation. The changes in splicing are specific to alternative 5′ splice sites. Analysis of new alleles suggests that snrp-27 is an essential gene for worm viability. We performed a novel directed-mutation experiment in which we used the CRISPR-cas9 system to randomly generate mutations specifically at M141 of SNRP-27. We identified eight amino acid substitutions at this position that are viable, and three that are homozygous lethal. All viable substitutions at M141 led to varying degrees of changes in alternative 5′ splicing of native targets. We hypothesize a role for this SR-related factor in maintaining the position of the 5′ splice site as U1snRNA trades interactions at the 5′ end of the intron with U6snRNA and PRP8 as the catalytic site is assembled.

Published
2018

39. Everyday Discrimination in Adults with Knee Pain: The Role of Perceived Stress and Pain Catastrophizing

Author

Ellen L, Terry, M Dottington, Fullwood, Staja Q, Booker, Josue S, Cardoso, Kimberly T, Sibille, Toni L, Glover, Kathryn A, Thompson, Adriana S, Addison, Burel R, Goodin, Roland, Staud, Laura B, Hughes, Laurence A, Bradley, David T, Redden, Emily J, Bartley, and Roger B, Fillingim

Subjects
physical function, disability, pain catastrophizing, pain, Perceived Stress Scale, experiences of discrimination, knee osteoarthritis, Original Research
Abstract

Purpose Research indicates pain-related disparities in the impact of knee osteoarthritis (OA) across both sex and ethnicity/race. While several factors likely contribute to these disparities, experiences of discrimination are associated with poor OA-related pain, disability, and functional performance. However, the mechanisms that mediate experiences of discrimination and OA-related outcomes are unclear. The current cross-sectional study examined the associations between everyday experiences of discrimination and clinical pain, disability and functional performance among non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) persons with or at risk of knee OA and assessed the serial mediated model of perceived stress and pain catastrophizing on these relationships in women only. Patients and Methods Participants were 188 community-dwelling adults who presented with unilateral or bilateral knee pain and screened positive for clinical knee pain. Participants completed several measures including experiences of discrimination, Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Strategies Questionnaire-Revised (CSQ-R): Pain Catastrophizing subscale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results As compared to NHW participants, NHB individuals reported experiencing significantly higher levels of discrimination (F(1, 175)=26.660, p

Published
2019

40. Beyond the Post|Colonial Canon: A Pedagogical Approach to Embodiment in Jamaica Kincaid'sThe Autobiography of My Mother

Author

Kaiama L. Glover

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Literature, History, Literature and Literary Theory, business.industry, Post colonial, media_common.quotation_subject, Canon, Biography, Art, business, media_common
Abstract

Is most writing on some level—large or small—autobiographical, whether it be emotional autobiography or straight out borrowing from our lives?—Edwidge Danticat, Contemporary NovelistsJamaica Kincai...

Published
2018

41. An Experiential Learning Approach to Primary Palliative Care Nursing Education

Author

Joan Castleman, Paula Turpening, Toni L. Glover, Sheri Kittelson, and Ann L. Horgas

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Community and Home Care, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030504 nursing, Nursing, Palliative Care Nursing, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, Experiential learning
Published
2017

42. Physical performance and movement-evoked pain profiles in community-dwelling individuals at risk for knee osteoarthritis

Author

Roger B. Fillingim, Emily J. Bartley, David T. Redden, Kimberly T. Sibille, Yenisel Cruz-Almeida, Adriana S. Addison, Joseph L. Riley, Matthew S. Herbert, Toni L. Glover, Hailey W. Bulls, Laurence A. Bradley, Burel R. Goodin, Christopher D. King, Roland Staud, Josue Cardoso, and Megan E. Petrov

Subjects
Male, Biopsychosocial model, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Knee Joint, Health Status, Disease, Osteoarthritis, Motor Activity, Physical function, Summation, Severity of Illness Index, Biochemistry, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Genetics, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Molecular Biology, Aged, Pain Measurement, Aged, 80 and over, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, medicine.disease, Arthralgia, Biomechanical Phenomena, Evoked pain, Knee pain, Physical performance, Alabama, Florida, Physical therapy, Female, Independent Living, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Knee pain associated with osteoarthritis is a significant contributor to decreased physical function. Recent evidence supports the inter-individual heterogeneity associated with knee pain presentation, but whether there is similar heterogeneity in physical performance among these individuals has not been previously examined. The aim of the present study was to characterize the variability in physical performance profiles and the pain evoked by their performance (i.e., movement-evoked pain). Methods In a secondary analysis of the community-based study Understanding Pain and Limitations in Osteoarthritic Disease (UPLOAD), individuals (n = 270) completed functional, pain, psychological, and somatosensory assessments. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to derive physical function profiles that were subsequently compared across several clinical, psychological and experimental pain measures. Results Our results support the hypothesis that among persons with knee OA pain, three different physical performance profiles exist with varying degrees of movement-evoked pain. Even as all three groups experienced moderate to severe levels of spontaneous knee pain, those individuals with the most severe movement-evoked pain and lowest physical functional performance also had the least favorable psychological characteristics along with increased mechanical pain sensitivity and temporal summation. Conclusions Our findings support the need for the assessment and consideration of movement-evoked pain during physical performance tasks as these have the potential to increase the value of functional and pain assessments clinically. The identification of the mechanisms driving pain burden within homogeneous groups of individuals will ultimately allow for targeted implementation of treatments consistent with a biopsychosocial model of pain.

Published
2017

43. Detection of homolog-independent meiotic DNA repair events in C. elegans with the intersister/intrachromatid repair assay

Author

Erik Toraason, Diana E. Libuda, Anna Horacek, and Marissa L. Glover

Subjects
Science (General), Sequence analysis, DNA repair, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Germline, Chromosome segregation, Q1-390, chemistry.chemical_compound, Meiotic Prophase I, Model Organisms, Meiosis, Developmental biology, Genetics, Sequencing, Model organism, Molecular Biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, ved/biology, General Neuroscience, fungi, Cell biology, chemistry, DNA
Abstract

Summary: Accurate repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in developing germ cells is critical to promote proper chromosome segregation and to maintain genome integrity. To directly detect homolog-independent (intersister/intrachromatid) meiotic DSB repair, we exploited the genetics and germline physiology of C. elegans to (1) induce a single DSB in nuclei across discrete stages of meiotic prophase I; (2) detect repair of that DSB as a homolog-independent crossover or noncrossover; and (3) sequence the resultant product to assess mechanisms of recombination.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Toraason et al. (2021).

Published
2021

44. Study of Bomb Technician Threat Identification Performance on Degraded X-ray Images

Author

Praful Gupta, Alan C. Bovik, Nicholas G. Paulter, and Jack L. Glover

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Technician, 05 social sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Identification (information), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, X ray image, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, 050107 human factors
Published
2021

45. Meiotic DNA break repair can utilize homolog-independent chromatid templates in C. elegans

Author

Cordell Clark, Marissa L. Glover, Victoria L. Adler, Alina Salagean, Tolkappiyan Premkumar, Anna Horacek, Diana E. Libuda, Francesca Cole, and Erik Toraason

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, biology, DNA repair, fungi, biology.organism_classification, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell biology, Chromosome segregation, 03 medical and health sciences, Meiotic Prophase I, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Prophase, Meiosis, Sister chromatids, Chromatid, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Caenorhabditis elegans
Abstract

During meiosis, the maintenance of genome integrity is critical for generating viable haploid gametes.1 In meiotic prophase I, double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) are induced and a subset of these DSBs are repaired as interhomolog crossovers to ensure proper chromosome segregation. DSBs not resolved as crossovers with the homolog must be repaired by other pathways to ensure genome integrity.2 To determine if alternative repair templates can be engaged for meiotic DSB repair during oogenesis, we developed an assay to detect sister and/or intra-chromatid repair events at a defined DSB site during Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis. Using this assay, we directly demonstrate that the sister chromatid or the same DNA molecule can be engaged as a meiotic repair template for both crossover and noncrossover recombination, with noncrossover events being the predominant recombination outcome. We additionally find that the sister or intra-chromatid substrate is available as a recombination partner for DSBs induced throughout meiotic prophase I, including late prophase when the homolog is unavailable. Analysis of noncrossover conversion tract sequences reveals that DSBs are processed similarly throughout prophase I. We further present data indicating that the XPF-1 nuclease functions in late prophase to promote sister or intra-chromatid repair at steps of recombination following joint molecule processing. Despite its function in sister or intra-chromatid repair, we find that xpf-1 mutants do not exhibit severe defects in progeny viability following exposure to ionizing radiation. Overall, we propose that C. elegans XPF-1 may assist as an intersister or intrachromatid resolvase only in late prophase I.

Published
2021

46. 'Flesh Like One’s Own': Benign Denials of Legitimate Complaint

Author

Kaiama L. Glover

Subjects
History, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Social Psychology, 060402 drama & theater, Communication, Flesh, 0602 languages and literature, Complaint, Advertising, 06 humanities and the arts, 060202 literary studies, 0604 arts
Abstract

This essay looks pointedly at a broad phenomenon wherein ostensibly benign discourses—from the news media to the Hollywood film industry to humanitarian aid—grant permission for North Atlantic denial of human proximity to peoples of the so-called global South. Taking the figure of the (Haitian) zombie as pivot point, the essay reflects on the continuity between dehumanized discursive and visual representations of (postearthquake) Haitians, sub-Saharan Africans, and other immiserated “others.” In question is what exactly the contemporary zombie allows “First World” citizenries to get away with in their dealings with the “Third World.” What thought project does the zombie myth sustain and participate in? How does it link our feelings about blacks, migrants, refugees, and the poor into a long-historical narrative of distancing and (pathologized) ontological difference?

Published
2017

47. How Occupationally High-Achieving Individuals With a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Manage Their Symptoms

Author

Alison B. Hamilton, John S. Brekke, Shirley M. Glynn, Stephen R. Marder, Dawn L. Glover, Elyn R. Saks, and Amy N. Cohen

Subjects
Adult, Employment, Male, Clinical interview, Coping (psychology), Occupational prestige, Qualitative interviews, Middle Aged, Achievement, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Psychiatric history, Adaptation, Psychological, Schizophrenia, Humans, Female, Salary, Psychology, Qualitative Research, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, Diagnosis of schizophrenia, Qualitative research
Abstract

The study objective was to elucidate coping strategies utilized by individuals recovered from schizophrenia.This qualitative study enrolled individuals with schizophrenia who had reached a level of recovery defined by their occupational status. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Current symptoms were objectively rated by a clinician. Surveys gathered information on demographic characteristics, occupation, salary, psychiatric history, treatment, and functioning. Audio-recorded person-centered qualitative interviews gathered accounts of coping strategies. Transcripts were summarized and coded with a hybrid deductive-inductive approach.Twenty individuals were interviewed, including ten men. The average age was 40 years. Sixty percent of participants were either currently in a master's-level program or had completed a master's or doctoral degree. Eight categories of coping strategies were identified: avoidance behavior, utilizing supportive others, taking medications, enacting cognitive strategies, controlling the environment, engaging spirituality, focus on well-being, and being employed or continuing their education. Some strategies were used preventively to keep symptoms from occurring; others were used to lessen the impact of symptoms. Strategies were flexibly utilized and combined depending on the context.Use of strategies in a preventive fashion, the effectiveness of the identified strategies, and the comfort individuals expressed with using several different strategies supported these individuals in achieving their occupational goals. The findings contribute to an overall shift in attitudes about recovery from schizophrenia and highlight the importance of learning from people with lived experience about how to support recovery.

Published
2017

48. Testing the Image Quality of Cabinet X-ray Systems for Security Screening: The Revised ASTM F792 Standard

Author

Ronald E. Tosh, Lawrence T. Hudson, Nicholas G. Paulter, and Jack L. Glover

Subjects
Engineering drawing, Routine testing, Computer science, Image quality, Mechanical Engineering, computer.file_format, Test method, Test object, Article, Test (assessment), Mechanics of Materials, Cabinet (file format), General Materials Science, computer
Abstract

ASTM F792, Standard Practice for Evaluating the Imaging Performance of Security X-ray Systems, provides test objects and methods for measuring the imaging performance of cabinet X-ray systems used at security checkpoints. The standard is widely used, with many thousands of ASTM F792 test objects utilized throughout the world. The last major revision of the standard was more than 15 years ago (2001), and since that time, several deficiencies have been noted when using the standard for testing modern systems employing multiple-view and multiple-energy configurations. Accordingly, the present work describes a new revision of the ASTM F792 standard realized as a trifurcation into three parts, each with its own separate test object and associated test method. The three parts of the standard are intended for routine testing, human-perception testing, and objective technical testing, and represent a major update to this venerable standard.

Published
2019

49. At the Intersection of Ethnicity/Race and Poverty: Knee Pain and Physical Function

Author

Roger B. Fillingim, Erin N Ross, Ellen L. Terry, Toni L. Glover, Kathryn A. Thompson, Ethan W. Gossett, Roland Staud, Ivana A. Vaughn, Emily J. Bartley, Jeffrey C. Edberg, Kimberly T. Sibille, Laurence A. Bradley, David T. Redden, Burel R. Goodin, Adriana Sotolongo, Laura B. Hughes, and Josue Cardoso

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), WOMAC, Sociology and Political Science, Ethnic group, Osteoarthritis, Physical function, White People, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomic status, Poverty, Aged, 030505 public health, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Physical Functional Performance, medicine.disease, Arthralgia, Black or African American, Knee pain, Anthropology, Female, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, business, human activities, Demography
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities. non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) report a higher prevalence and severity of knee OA symptoms than their non-Hispanic White (NHW) counterparts. The role of poverty in explaining this disparity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The overall aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether ethnic/racial differences in knee pain and physical function varied according to poverty status. DESIGN: NHB and NHW adults with or at risk of knee OA self-reported sociodemographic information, and completed the Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Annual income was adjusted for number of household occupants to determine poverty status (i.e., living above versus below poverty line). RESULTS: Findings revealed 120 individuals living above the poverty line (49% NHB, 77% NHW) and 71 individuals living below the poverty line (51% NHB, 23% NHW). Adjusted multivariable models revealed significant ethnic/race by poverty status interactions for knee pain (p = .036) and physical function (p = .032) on the WOMAC, as well as physical function on the SPPB (p = .042). Post-hoc contrasts generally revealed that NHW adults living above the poverty line experienced the least severe knee pain and best physical function, while NHB adults living below the poverty line experienced the most severe knee pain and poorest physical function. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the present study add to the literature by emphasizing the importance of considering poverty and/or other indicators of socioeconomic status in studies examining ethnic/racial disparities in pain and physical function.

Published
2019

50. Experiential Palliative Care Immersion: Student Nurse's Narratives Reflect Care Competencies

Author

Susan Bluck, Hanna Åkerlund, Ann L. Horgas, and Toni L. Glover

Subjects
Palliative care, Narration, 030504 nursing, Undergraduate nursing, Attitude of Health Personnel, education, Palliative Care, Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate, Experiential learning, Nurse's Role, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Content analysis, Humans, Student nurse, Narrative, Students, Nursing, 030212 general & internal medicine, Nurse education, Clinical Competence, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, End-of-life care, General Nursing
Abstract

Many nurses report a lack of confidence providing care for patients facing a life-threatening illness. Palliative care leaders have devised primary palliative nursing care competencies (CARES [Competencies And Recommendations for Educating undergraduate nursing Students]) that all students should achieve. In this study, nursing students participated in an innovative palliative care immersion experience, the Comfort Shawl Project. We performed a reliable content analysis of their narrative reflections. The goal was to evaluate whether reflections on their interactions with patients/families were consistent with CARES competencies. Nine female students wrote reflections after gifting each of the 234 comfort shawls to patients. Four CARES-related categories were analyzed: Individual Values and Diversity, Compassionate Communication, Fostering Quality of Life, and Self-Insight and Emotion. Reflections were highly representative (41%) of recognizing Individual Values and Diversity, representing sensitivity for patients’ unique differences in values, an integral component of palliative care. The Comfort Shawl Project shows promise as an experiential immersion for introducing nursing students to CARES competencies.

Published
2019

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