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CONTEXT: Gender identity, psychosexual function, psychiatric adjustment and quality of life have been investigated in congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH) patients. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate gender identity problems and the psychiatric disorders and associated factors in children and adolescents with CAH patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-five children and adolescents with CAH were included in the study. Psychiatric comorbidity was assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version. Gender identity problems were investigated using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 11.02 years (SD: 3.25, range: 6–18). 51.1% of the patients had at least one lifetime comorbid psychiatric disorder. The most common diagnoses were anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), tic disorders and enuresis nocturna. Tic disorders and ADHD were higher in males but they were not statistically significant. Two female patients were diagnosed with gender dysphoria and 18.5% of females showed variably masculinized behaviors. The girls with gender identity problems expressed lower satisfaction with their sex than other girls and boys. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with CAH had many psychiatric disorders, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. ADHD and tic disorders should be kept in mind during assessment especially in male patients. Gender dysphoria and masculine behaviors seem to be common in female patients with CAH so they should be carefully investigated.

The spherical mesoporous MCM-41 coated with a novel Ca2MoO5:Eu3+ phosphor layer was prepared for the first time. The obtained Ca2MoO5:Eu3+-MCM-41 was characterized via XRD and FT-IR. The crystal system of the Ca2MoO5 phase was determined to be orthorhombic, and its space group was found to be Ima2 (46), and its cell parameters were a =16.175, b = 5.1514, c = 5.6977 A degrees; alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees. The particle dimensions of MCM-41 and Ca2MoO5:Eu3+-MCM-41 nanoparticles were determined to be 260 nm and 229 nm via scanning electron microscopy analysis. Bortezomib was loaded into the Ca2MoO5:Eu3+-MCM-41 nanoparticles under scCO(2) at 200 bars and 40 degrees C. The results of the TG analysis showed that the amount of drug-loaded to MCM-41 and Ca2MoO5:Eu3+-MCM-41 nanoparticles were determined to be 14.02% and 3.02%, respectively. The BET analysis showed that while the specific surface area and pore volume of MCM-41 and Ca2MoO5:Eu3+ before Bortezomib (BTZ) loading were 1,506 m(2)/g and 267 m(2)/g, respectively, after drug loading these values were found to decrease to 488 m(2)/g and 7.883 m(2)/g. It was determined that BTZ was released from the nanoparticles in a sustained manner over 66 h. The R-2 value, which was calculated to be 0.9739, indicated that the release kinetic of BTZ followed the KorsmeyerePeppas model. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

© 2017 National Institute of Optoelectronics. All rights reserved.In this study, we have numerically investigated the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) carrier densities and electron probability densities of pseudomorphically grown ultrathin-barrier AlN/GaN hetero structures using self-consistent solutions of one-dimensional, non-linear Schrödinger–Poisson equations. In these calculations, we have focused on three different AlN/GaN hetero structures included fully undoped, the only Si-doped cap layer and the only Si-doped barrier layer. As a result of the calculations, it was found that doping of AlN barrier layer more effective than other cases on the 2DEG carrier density and the doping of GaN cap layer has not a significant effect on the 2DEG probability densities.