10 results on '"Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi"'
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2. sj-pdf-1-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. sj-docx-4-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. sj-docx-5-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-5-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. sj-docx-4-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. sj-docx-5-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-5-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. sj-docx-3-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. sj-pdf-2-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 – Supplemental material for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial
- Author
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Cherrington, Andrea L, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Aroda, Vanita, Buse, John B, Fattaleh, Basma, Fortmann, Stephen P, Hall, Stephanie, Hox, Sophia H, Kuhn, Alexander, Killean, Tina, Loveland, Amy, Phillips, Lawrence S, Jackson, Analyn Uy, Waltje, Andrea, and McKee, M Diane
- Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-ctj-10.1177_17407745231175919 for Use of comprehensive recruitment strategies in the glycemia reduction approaches in diabetes: A comparative effectiveness study (GRADE) multi-center clinical trial by Andrea L Cherrington, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Vanita Aroda, John B Buse, Basma Fattaleh, Stephen P Fortmann, Stephanie Hall, Sophia H Hox, Alexander Kuhn, Tina Killean, Amy Loveland, Lawrence S Phillips, Analyn Uy Jackson, Andrea Waltje, M Diane McKee and the GRADE Research Group in Clinical Trials
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Islet Autoimmunity is Highly Prevalent and Associated With Diminished β-Cell Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Grade Study
- Author
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Brooks-Worrell, Barbara, Hampe, Christiane S., Hattery, Erica G., Palomino, Brenda, Zangeneh, Sahar Z., Utzschneider, Kristina, Kahn, Steven E., Larkin, Mary E., Johnson, Mary L., Mather, Kieren J., Younes, Naji, Rasouli, Neda, Desouza, Cyrus, Cohen, Robert M., Park, Jean Y., Florez, Hermes J., Valencia, Willy Marcos, Shojaie, Ali, Palmer, Jerry P., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Crandall, Jill P., McKee, Melissa Diane, Brown-Friday, Janet, Xhori, Entila, Ballentine-Cargill, Keisha, Duran, Sally, Lukin, Jennifer, Beringher, Stephanie, Gonzalez de la Torre, Susana, Phillips, Lawrence, Burgess, Elizabeth, Olson, Darin, Rhee, Mary, Wilson, Peter, Raines, Tasha Stephanie, Costello, Julie, Gullett, Chona, Maher-Albertelli, Maxine, Morehead, Folayan, Mungara, Radhika, Person, Saranjit, Savoye, Louise, Sibymon, Mabil, Tanukonda, Sridhar, White, Carol Ann, Holloway, Leah, Adams, Cynthia, Ross, April, Gonzalez Hattery, Erica, Gaba, Ruchi, Montes, Graciela, Wright, Charlyne, Hollander, Priscilla, Roe, Erin, Uy, Analyn, Burt, Polly, Estrada, Lorie, Chionh, Kris, Ismail-Beigi, Faramarz, Falck-Ytter, Corinna, Sayyed Kassem, Laure, Sood, Ajay, Tiktin, Margaret, Cramer, Bethany, Iacoboni, Jacalyn, Kononets, Maria V., Kulow, Tanya, Newman, Cynthia, Stancil, Katherine A., Sanders, Cristina, Tucker, Lisa, Werner, Amanda, Krol, Adrienne, McPhee, Gloria, Patel, Christine, Colosimo, Linda, Goland, Robin, Pring, James, Kringas, Patricia, Tejada, Jessica, Hausheer, Camille, Schneier, Harvey, Gumpel, Kelly, Kirpitch, Amanda, Green, Jennifer B., AbouAssi, Hiba, Chatterjee, Ranee, Feinglos, Mark N., English Jones, Jennifer, Khan, Shubi A., Kimpel, Jeanne B., Zimmer, Ronna P., Furst, Mary, Satterwhite, Barbara M., Thacker, Connie, Evans Kreider, Kathryn, Lteif, Amale, Hamilton, Tonya, Patel, Nick, Riera, Gabriela, Jackson, Marcia, Pirics, Vivian, Howard, Devin, Aguillar, Danielle, Hurt, Sloan, Bergenstal, Richard, Carlson, Anders, Martens, Thomas, Johnson, Mary, Hill, Renae, Hyatt, Jamie, Jensen, Connie, Madden, Marcia, Martin, Dianna, Willis, Holly, Konerza, Wanda, Passi, Rebecca, Kleeberger, Kathleen, Fortmann, Stephen, Herson, Michael, Mularski, Karen, Glauber, Harry, Prihoda, James, Ash, Britt, Carlson, Christina, Ramey, Phyllis Anne, Schield, Emily, Torgrimson-Ojerio, Britta, Arnold, Kathy, Kauffman, Bryan, Panos, Elease, Sahnow, Samantha, Bays, Kristi, Cook, Jennifer, Gluth, Jennifer, Sasaki, Debra, Schell, Katrina, Criscola, Jennifer, Friason, Camille, Jones, Suzi, Nazarov, Sergey, Barzilay, Joshua, Rassouli, Negah, Puttnam, Rachel, Curtis, Michelle, Stokes, Kia, Hollis, Bonita, Sanders-Jones, Cynthia, Nelson, Roslin, El-Haqq, Zakiah, Kolli, Abby, Tran, Tu, Wexler, Deborah, Larkin, Mary, Meigs, James, Dushkin, Amy, Rocchio, Gianna, Chambers, Brittany, Yepes, Mike, Steiner, Barbara, Dulin, Hilary, Cayford, Melody, DeManbey, Andrea, Gurry, Lindsey, Hillard, Mallory, Martin, Kimberly, Stevens, Christine, Thangthaeng, Nopporn, Kochis, Raquel, Raymond, Elyse, Ripley, Valerie, Park, Jean, Aroda, Vanita, Ghazi, Adline, Loveland, Amy, Hurtado, Maria, Kuhn, Alexander, Mofor, Florence, Marks, Jennifer, Oropesa-Gonzalez, Lisset, Riccio Veliz, Ana K., Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis, Gutt, Miriam, Ahmann, Andrew, Aby-Daniel, Diana, Joarder, Farahnaz, Morimoto, Victoria, Sprague, Carol, Yamashita, Daisuke, Cady, Nancy, Kirchhoff, Patricia, Rivera-Eschright, Nadia, Adducci, Joseph, Morales Gomez, Brianna, Goncharova, Alina, Hox, Sophia H., Petrovitch, Helen, Matwichyna, Michael, Jenkins, Victoria, Bermudez, Nina O., Ishii, Renée R., Hsia, Daniel S., Cefalu, William T., Greenway, Frank L., Waguespack, Celeste, King, Erin, Haynes, Natalie, Thomassie, Amy, Bourgeois, Brandi, Hazlett, Claire, Henry, Robert, Mudaliar, Sunder, Boeder, Schafer, Pettus, Jeremy, Diaz, Elsa, DeLue, Catherine, Castro, Erick, Hernandez, Sylvia, Krakoff, Jonathan, Curtis, Jeffrey M., Killean, Tina, Joshevama, Erica, Diaz, Enrique, Martin, Denelle, Karshner, Tracey, Albu, Jeanine, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Frances, Sylvaine, Maggio, Carol, Ellis, Emily, Bastawrose, Joseph, Gong, Xiuqun, Banerji, Mary Ann, August, Phyllis, Lorber, Daniel, Brown, Necole M., Josephson, Debra H., Thomas, Lorraine L., Tsovian, Mari, Cherian, Ajini, Jacobson, Marlo H., Mishko, Motria M., Kirkman, M. Sue, Bergamo, Katherine, Buse, John B., Dostou, Jean, Young, Laura, Goley, April, Kerr, Jeffrey, Largay, Joseph F., Guarda, Sonia, Cuffee, Juanita, Culmer, Dawn, Fraser, Rachael, Almeida, Hope, Coffer, Samantha, Debnam, Elizabeth, Kiker, Lauren, Morton, Sarah, Josey, Kim, Fuller, Gail, Garvey, W. Timothy, Cherrington, Andrea, Golson, Dana, Griffith, Olivia, Robertson, Mary Catherine, Agne, April, McCullars, Steve, Craig, Jacqueline, Kersey, Kimberly, Rogge, M. Colleen, Wilson, Carla, Burton, Kathryn, Lipp, Sonia, Vonder Meulen, Mary Beth, Schroeder, Emily, Steiner, Stephanie, Baker, Chelsea, Underkofler, Chantal, Douglass, Sara, Sivitz, William, Cline, Erin, Knosp, Laura, McConnell, Jennifer, Lowe, Tamara, Herman, William H., Pop-Busui, Rodica, Tan, Meng H., Martin, Catherine, Waltje, Andrea, Goodhall, Lynn, Eggleston, Rebecca, Kuo, Shihchen, Bule, Stephanie, Kessler, Nancy, LaSalle, Elizabeth, Seaquist, Elizabeth R., Bantle, Anne, Kumar, Anjali, Redmon, Bruce, Bantle, John, Harindhanavudhi, Tasma, Coe, Mary, Mech, Michael, Taddese, Abdisa, Lesne, Lesia, Smith, Shannon, Kuechenmeister, Lisa, Shivaswamy, Vijay, Morales, Ana Laura, Rodriguez, Maria Grace, Seipel, Kris, Alfred, Alissa, Eggert, Jenna, Lord, Grace, Taylor, William, Tillson, Renee, Schade, David S., Adolphe, Allen, Burge, Mark, Duran-Valdez, Elizabeth, Martinez, Janae, Hernandez McGinnis, Doris, Pucchetti, Benjamin, Scripsick, Elizabeth, DeFronzo, Ralph A., Cersosimo, Eugenio, Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad, Triplitt, Curtis, Verastiqui, Hector, Garza, Rosa Irene, Wright, Kathryn, Puckett, Curtiss, Raskin, Philip, Rhee, Chanhaeng, Abraham, Soma, Jordan, Lin Fan, Sao, Serey, Morton, Luisa, Smith, Oralenda, Osornio Walker, Laura, Schnurr-Breen, Laura, Ayala, Rosa, Kraymer, Robert, Sturgess, Daytheon, Utzschneider, Kristina M., Alarcon-Casas Wright, Lorena, Boyko, Edward, Tsai, Elaine C., Trence, Dace L., Fattaleh, Basma N., Montgomery, Brenda K., Atkinson, Karen M., Concepcion, Tessa, Kozedub, Alexandra, Moak, Cameron, Rhothisen, Samantha, Elasy, Tom A., Martin, Stephanie, Shackelford, Laura, Goidel, Rita, Hinkle, Nina, Lipps Hogan, Janie, Lovell, Cynthia, Myers, Janet, McGill, Janet B., Salam, Maamoun, Kissel, Sarah, Schweiger, Toni, Recklein, Carol, Tamborlane, William, Gatcomb, Patricia, Camp, Anne, Gulanski, Barbara, Inzucchi, Silvio, Pham, Kim, Alguard, Michele, Lessard, Katarzyna, Perez, Magalys, Magenheimer, Elizabeth, Montoza, Abmaridel, Nathan, David M., Lachin, John, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Burch, Henry, Linder, Barbara, Bremer, Andrew, Backman, Michael, Bebu, Ionut, Buys, C.J., Fagan Murphy, Anna, Gao, Yuping, Gramzinski, Michaela, Hall, Stephanie, Legowski, Elizabeth, Arey, Alyssa, Bethepu, Joel, Lund, Claire, Mangat Dhaliwal, Pam, McGee, Paula, Mesimer, Emily, Ngo, Lisa, Steffes, Michael, Seegmiller, Jesse, Saenger, Amy, Arends, Valerie, Gabrielson, Deanna, Conner, Todd, Stuart, Warren, Day, Jolene, Scrymgeour, Alexandra, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Campbell, Charles, Hu, Julie, Keasler, Lisa, Hensley, Susan, Li, Yabing, Herman, William, Mihalcea, Rada, Perez-Rosas, Veronica, Prosser, Lisa, Resnicow, Kenneth, Ye, Wen, Shao, Hui, Zhang, Ping, Luchsinger, Jose, Sanchez, Danurys, Burch, Henry B., Fradkin, Judith, Groessl, Erik, Chong, Helen, Hillery, Naomi, Abdouch, Ivan, Brantley, Paula, Broyles, Frances E., Canaris, Gay, Copeland, Paul, Craine, Jeri J., Fein, Warren L., Lee, Melissa S., Meiners, Rebecca, Meiners, Vaughn, O’Neal, Hollis, Park, James E., Sledge, Edward, Steppel-Resnick, Jeanne, Turchin, Alexander, Higgins, John, Fischer, Lawrence, Golden, Sherita, Gonzalez, Jeffrey, Naik, Aanand, Walker, Elizabeth, Doner Lotenberg, Lynne, Gallivan, Joanne M., Lim, Joanne, Tuncer, Diane M., and Behringer-Massera, Stephanie
- Subjects
endocrine system diseases ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Smoke ,T-Lymphocytes ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Pathophysiology ,Fires - Abstract
Islet autoimmunity may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Its prevalence and clinical significance have not been rigorously determined. In this ancillary study to the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE), we investigated the prevalence of cellular and humoral islet autoimmunity in patients with T2D duration of 4.0 ± 3.0 years (HbA1c 7.5 ± 0.5% on metformin alone). We measured T-cell autoreactivity against islet proteins, islet autoantibodies against 65-kDa GAD antigen, IA-2, and zinc transporter-8, and β-cell function. Cellular islet autoimmunity was present in 41.3%, humoral islet autoimmunity in 13.5%, and both in 5.3%. β-Cell function calculated as incremental area under the curve of glucose from 0–120 min (iAUC-CG) and ΔC-peptide(0–30)/Δglucose(0–30) from an oral glucose tolerance test was lower among T-cell–positive (T+) than T-cell–negative (T−) individuals using two different adjustments for insulin sensitivity (iAUC-CG: 13.2% [95% CI 0.3, 24.4] or 11.4% [95% CI 0.4, 21.2] lower; ΔC-peptide[0–30]/Δglucose[0–30]: 19% [95% CI 3.1, 32.3] or 17.7% [95% CI 2.6, 30.5%] lower). T+ patients had 17% higher HbA1c (95% CI 0.07, 0.28) and 7.7 mg/dL higher fasting plasma glucose levels (95% CI 0.2, 15.3) than T− patients. We conclude that islet autoimmunity is much more prevalent in patients with T2D than previously reported. T-cell–mediated autoimmunity is associated with diminished β-cell function and worse glycemic control.
- Published
- 2021
10. Rationale and Design for a GRADE Substudy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring
- Author
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Larkin, Mary E, Nathan, David M, Bebu, Ionut, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, Herman, William H, Higgins, John M, Tiktin, Margaret, Cohen, Robert M, Lund, Claire, Bergenstal, Richard M, Johnson, Mary L, Arends, Valerie, and GRADE Research Group
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ,Diabetes ,Clinical Sciences ,Medical Physiology ,Type 2 diabetes ,Hispanic or Latino ,GRADE Research Group ,White People ,Black or African American ,Endocrinology & Metabolism ,Interracial differences ,Research Design ,Clinical Research ,Average glucose ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Continuous glucose monitoring ,Type 2 ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
Background: The Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) study has enrolled a racially and ethnically diverse population with type 2 diabetes, performed extensive phenotyping, and randomly assigned the participants to one of four second-line diabetes medications. The continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) substudy has been added to determine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between average glucose (AG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). CGM will also be used to compare time in target range, glucose variability, and the frequency and duration of hypoglycemia across study groups. Methods: The observational CGM substudy will enroll up to 1800 of the 5047 GRADE study participants from the four treatment groups, including as many as 450 participants from each of 4 racial/ethnic minority groups to be compared: Hispanic White, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic African American, and non-Hispanic Other. CGM will be performed for 2 weeks in proximity to a GRADE annual visit, during which an oral glucose tolerance test will be performed and HbA1c and glycated albumin measured. Indicators of interindividual variation in red blood cell turnover, based on specialized erythrocyte measurements, will also be measured to explore the potential causes of interindividual HbA1c variations. Conclusions: The GRADE CGM substudy will provide new insights into whether differences exist in the relationship between HbA1c and AG among different racial/ethnic groups and whether glycemic profiles differ among frequently used diabetes medications and their potential clinical implications. Understanding such differences is important for clinical care and adjustment of diabetes medications in patients of different races or ethnicities.
- Published
- 2019
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