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We present a novel dynamic recommendation model that focuses on users who have interactions in the past but turn relatively inactive recently. Making effective recommendations to these time-sensitive cold-start users is critical to maintain the user base of a recommender system. Due to the sparse recent interactions, it is challenging to capture these users' current preferences precisely. Solely relying on their historical interactions may also lead to outdated recommendations misaligned with their recent interests. The proposed model leverages historical and current user-item interactions and dynamically factorizes a user's (latent) preference into time-specific and time-evolving representations that jointly affect user behaviors. These latent factors further interact with an optimized item embedding to achieve accurate and timely recommendations. Experiments over real-world data help demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed time-sensitive cold-start recommendation model., 7 pages, conference

Hand trajectory forecasting from egocentric views is crucial for enabling a prompt understanding of human intentions when interacting with AR/VR systems. However, existing methods handle this problem in a 2D image space which is inadequate for 3D real-world applications. In this paper, we set up an egocentric 3D hand trajectory forecasting task that aims to predict hand trajectories in a 3D space from early observed RGB videos in a first-person view. To fulfill this goal, we propose an uncertainty-aware state space Transformer (USST) that takes the merits of the attention mechanism and aleatoric uncertainty within the framework of the classical state-space model. The model can be further enhanced by the velocity constraint and visual prompt tuning (VPT) on large vision transformers. Moreover, we develop an annotation workflow to collect 3D hand trajectories with high quality. Experimental results on H2O and EgoPAT3D datasets demonstrate the superiority of USST for both 2D and 3D trajectory forecasting. The code and datasets are publicly released: https://github.com/Cogito2012/USST., Comment: ICCV 2023 Accepted

The popular VQ-VAE models reconstruct images through learning a discrete codebook but suffer from a significant issue in the rapid quality degradation of image reconstruction as the compression rate rises. One major reason is that a higher compression rate induces more loss of visual signals on the higher frequency spectrum which reflect the details on pixel space. In this paper, a Frequency Complement Module (FCM) architecture is proposed to capture the missing frequency information for enhancing reconstruction quality. The FCM can be easily incorporated into the VQ-VAE structure, and we refer to the new model as Frequency Augmented VAE (FA-VAE). In addition, a Dynamic Spectrum Loss (DSL) is introduced to guide the FCMs to balance between various frequencies dynamically for optimal reconstruction. FA-VAE is further extended to the text-to-image synthesis task, and a Cross-attention Autoregressive Transformer (CAT) is proposed to obtain more precise semantic attributes in texts. Extensive reconstruction experiments with different compression rates are conducted on several benchmark datasets, and the results demonstrate that the proposed FA-VAE is able to restore more faithfully the details compared to SOTA methods. CAT also shows improved generation quality with better image-text semantic alignment., Comment: Accepted by CVPR 2023

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-fst-10.1177_10820132231176875 for Influence of hydrocolloids and natural emulsifier in the physical stability of UHT oat beverage by Youhui Zhang, Yu Kong, Yanjun Yan, Feng Gao, He Ma and Changjin Liu in Food Science and Technology International

The compositional zero-shot learning (CZSL) task aims to recognize unseen compositional visual concepts (i.e., sliced tomatoes), where the models are learned only from the seen compositions (i.e., sliced potatoes and red tomatoes). Thanks to the prompt tuning on large pre-trained visual language models such as CLIP, recent literature shows impressively better CZSL performance than traditional vision-based methods. However, the key aspects that impact the generalization to unseen compositions, including the diversity and informativeness of class context, and the entanglement between visual primitives (i.e., states and objects), are not properly addressed in existing CLIP-based CZSL literature. In this paper, we propose a model by prompting the language-informed distribution, aka., PLID, for the CZSL task. Specifically, the PLID leverages pre-trained large language models (LLM) to 1) formulate the language-informed class distribution, and 2) enhance the compositionality of the softly prompted class embedding. Moreover, a stochastic logit mixup strategy is proposed to dynamically fuse the decisions from the predictions in the compositional and the primitive logit space. Orthogonal to the existing literature of soft, hard, or distributional prompts, our method advocates prompting the LLM-supported class distribution that leads to a better compositional zero-shot generalization. Experimental results on MIT-States, UT-Zappos, and C-GQA datasets show the superior performance of the PLID to the prior arts. The code and models will be publicly released.

Additional file 1: Table 1.The association between inflammatory biomarkers and auxiliary examinations inpatients with CJD.

Recent evidence demonstrated that functional bacteria were involved in the regulation of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the mechanism of probiotics in improving PD was unclear. Here the antioxidant effect and the mechanism of probiotics Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) on PD were studied by regulating the gut–brain axis. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneally to establish a PD model and were then treated with PP for 4 weeks. Subsequently, a series of neurobehavioral tests to evaluate the motor function of the mice was performed. Additionally, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, accumulation of α-synuclein, the production of an oxidative stress response, and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-related proteins were evaluated. Moreover, the gut microbial composition and the level of metabolite γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were assessed. The results showed that PP treatment could improve MPTP-induced motor deficits, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and the accumulation of α-synuclein. Moreover, PP treatment significantly increased the levels of SOD1, Gpx1, and Nrf2, while it decreased the levels of Keap1 in the brain of MPTP-induced mice. Notably, PP treatment improved the gut microbial dysbiosis and increased the level of GABA in MPTP-induced mice. These findings indicated that PP might represent a promising candidate, due to the metabolite of GABA, that could be used for the treatment of PD.

IntroductionThe alterations of gut microbiota have been associated with multiple diseases. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and adverse outcomes of hyperlipidemic stroke patients remains unclear. Here we determined the gut microbial signature to predict the poor outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with hyperlipidemia (POAH).MethodsFecal samples from hyperlipidemic stroke patients were collected, which further analyzed by 16s rRNA gene sequencing. The diversity, community composition and differential gut microbiota were evaluated. The adverse outcomes were determined by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 3 months after admission. The diagnostic performance of microbial characteristics in predicting adverse outcomes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsOur results showed that the composition and structure of gut microbiota between POAH patients and good outcome of AIS with hyperlipidemia (GOAH) patients were different. The characteristic gut microbiota of POAH patients was that the relative abundance of Enterococcaceae and Enterococcus were increased, while the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Rothia and Butyricicoccus were decreased. Moreover, the characteristic gut microbiota were correlated with many clinical parameters, such as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, mean arterial pressure, and history of cerebrovascular disease. Moreover, the ROC models based on the characteristic microbiota or the combination of characteristic microbiota with independent risk factors could distinguish POAH patients and GOAH patients (area under curve is 0.694 and 0.971 respectively).ConclusionsThese findings revealed the microbial characteristics of POAH, which highlighted the predictive capability of characteristic microbiota in POAH patients.

Online action detection is the task of predicting the action as soon as it happens in a streaming video. A major challenge is that the model does not have access to the future and has to solely rely on the history, i.e., the frames observed so far, to make predictions. It is therefore important to accentuate parts of the history that are more informative to the prediction of the current frame. We present GateHUB, Gated History Unit with Background Suppression, that comprises a novel position-guided gated cross-attention mechanism to enhance or suppress parts of the history as per how informative they are for current frame prediction. GateHUB further proposes Future-augmented History (FaH) to make history features more informative by using subsequently observed frames when available. In a single unified framework, GateHUB integrates the transformer's ability of long-range temporal modeling and the recurrent model's capacity to selectively encode relevant information. GateHUB also introduces a background suppression objective to further mitigate false positive background frames that closely resemble the action frames. Extensive validation on three benchmark datasets, THUMOS, TVSeries, and HDD, demonstrates that GateHUB significantly outperforms all existing methods and is also more efficient than the existing best work. Furthermore, a flow-free version of GateHUB is able to achieve higher or close accuracy at 2.8x higher frame rate compared to all existing methods that require both RGB and optical flow information for prediction., Comment: CVPR 2022

This paper concerns the problem of multi-object tracking based on the min-cost flow (MCF) formulation, which is conventionally studied as an instance of linear program. Given its computationally tractable inference, the success of MCF tracking largely relies on the learned cost function of underlying linear program. Most previous studies focus on learning the cost function by only taking into account two frames during training, therefore the learned cost function is sub-optimal for MCF where a multi-frame data association must be considered during inference. In order to address this problem, in this paper we propose a novel differentiable framework that ties training and inference together during learning by solving a bi-level optimization problem, where the lower-level solves a linear program and the upper-level contains a loss function that incorporates global tracking result. By back-propagating the loss through differentiable layers via gradient descent, the globally parameterized cost function is explicitly learned and regularized. With this approach, we are able to learn a better objective for global MCF tracking. As a result, we achieve competitive performances compared to the current state-of-the-art methods on the popular multi-object tracking benchmarks such as MOT16, MOT17 and MOT20., Accepted as a poster at CVPR2022

Polysaccharides can be used as a potential hepatoprotective agent in the treatment of acute liver injury. However, the underlying mechanism governing how polysaccharides protect against acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine (LPS/d-GalN) remains unclear. To investigate the mechanism, the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory action and pathways were determined. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (GFP), which are obtained from the fruiting body of Grifola frondosa, on (LPS/d-GalN)-induced liver injury in mice. Histopathological analyses showed that GFP protected against LPS/d-GalN-induced lung inflammation. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the levels of the inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were inhibited by GFP. The LPS/d-GalN-induced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were inhibited by GFP. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were upregulated by GFP. The GFP-treated group showed reduced expression levels of miR-122 in liver tissue. Nrf2 has been identified as a potential target of miR-122. The western blotting results showed that GFP attenuates LPS/d-GalN-induced acute liver injury via upregulating transcription factors Nrf2, Nqo-1, and HO-1 and downregulating transcription factor Keap-1 in the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. In conclusion, these results indicated that GFP was highly effective in inhibiting liver injury and may be a promising potential therapeutic reagent for liver injury treatment. GFP exerts protective effects against LPS/d-GalN-induced liver injury in mice, which may be related to the regulation of the miR-122-Nrf2/ARE pathways.

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe cognitive, social, and physical impairments resulting from de novo mutations in the X-chromosomal methyl-CpG binding protein gene 2 (MECP2). While there is still no cure for RTT, exploring up-to date neurofunctional diagnostic markers, discovering new potential therapeutic targets, and searching for novel drug efficacy evaluation indicators are fundamental. Multiple neuroimaging studies on brain structure and function have been carried out in RTT-linked gene mutation carriers to unravel disease-specific imaging features and explore genotype-phenotype associations. Here, we reviewed the neuroimaging literature on this disorder. MRI morphologic studies have shown global atrophy of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) and regional variations in brain maturation. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in left peripheral WM areas, left major WM tracts, and cingulum bilaterally, and WM microstructural/network topology changes have been further found to be correlated with behavioral abnormalities in RTT. Cerebral blood perfusion imaging studies using single-photon emission CT (SPECT) or PET have evidenced a decreased global cerebral blood flow (CBF), particularly in prefrontal and temporoparietal areas, while magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and PET studies have contributed to unraveling metabolic alterations in patients with RTT. The results obtained from the available reports confirm that multimodal neuroimaging can provide new insights into a complex interplay between genes, neurotransmitter pathway abnormalities, disease-related behaviors, and clinical severity. However, common limitations related to the available studies include small sample sizes and hypothesis-based and region-specific approaches. We, therefore, conclude that this field is still in its early development phase and that multimodal/multisequence studies with improved post-processing technologies as well as combined PET–MRI approaches are urgently needed to further explore RTT brain alterations.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Clinical and auxiliary features of gPrDs with FTD grouped by PRNP mutations.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Clinical and auxiliary features of gPrDs with FTD grouped by PRNP mutations.

Supplemental Material for Towards a 15-minute city: A network-based evaluation framework by Shanqi Zhang, Feng Zhen, Yu Kong, Tashi Lobsang, Sicong Zou in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Representative 7-O flavonoid glycosides detected from roots of S. baicalensis. Red boxes indicated the different groups between sugar moieties. Figure S2. Alignment of SbUGTs and SbUGATs protein sequences. The consensus sequences were highlighted by red color. The arrows indicated the different amino acid residues between SbUGTs and SbUGATs, which were responsible for the functional divergent between these two types of glycosyltransferases. Figure S3. MS and MS2 patterns of oroxin A (A) and baicalin standard (B). Figure S4. SDS PAGE analysis of purification of SbUGT and SbUGAT proteins. A. Tracks from left to right showed protein markers (M), empty vector control (1), SbUGT1 (2), SbUGT2 (3), SbUGT3 (4), SbUGT7 (5), SbUGT8 (6) and SbUGT9 (7). B. Tracks from left to right showed protein markers (M), empty vector control (1), SbUGTA3 (2), SbUGAT4 (3), SbUGAT5 (4) and SbUGAT6 (5). Figure S5. Nonlinear regressions of the Michaelis���Menten equation for SbUGTs and SbUGATs.

Additional file 3: Table S1. Spatial coordinates and peak values of brain areas showing significant GM density and metabolism changes between asymptomatic MAPT carriers and non-carriers.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Supplementary Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of study population stratified according to 3-month favorable or unfavorable outcome after acute ischemic stroke in Chinese patients with mechanical thrombectomy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effect and mechanism of the glycopeptides from Paecilomyces sinensis (CPS-II) on ethanol induced ulcers in mice. In this study, histopathological evaluation (H&E staining) and the gastric ulcer score, ulcer index, total acid secretion and gastric pH value were used to determine the anti-ulcer activity. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and epidermal growth factor (PEG2) in serum were measured according to the instructions for the reagents. Western blotting was used to detect the effect of CPS-II on the MEK/ERK pathway. The results showed that CPS-II could inhibit the ulcer score and ulcer index compared with the disease control group. CPS-II could significantly increase gastric pH and decrease gastric acid secretion in mice. The ELISA analysis showed that the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the CPS-II treatment group were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of IL-10 were significantly increased in the CPS-II treatment group. In the resveratrol treatment group, the content of MDA in serum was decreased, and the level of PEG2 and the activity of SOD in serum were significantly increased, which indicated that CPS-II has immunoregulation and anti-ulcer properties. The CPS-II treatment group could reduce the expression level of miR-9-5p in gastric tissue. pEGFR had been identified as a potential target of miR-9-5p. Western blot analysis showed that CPS-II could up-regulate the relative protein expression of pEGFR/EGFR, pRaf/Raf, pMEK/MEK, pERK/ERK, and ZO-1. The results showed that CPS-II could reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response by regulating the miR-9-5p-MEK/ERK signaling pathway, thus protecting the gastric mucosa and improving stress gastric ulcers.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. mvda knockdown presents normal macrophage chemotaxis in zebrafish model Tg(zlyz:EGFP). The materials and method of zebrafish in vivo macrophage migration assays and the resulting figure.

Background and objectives: Postburn pruritus is a common complication of scars in burn patients. In our previous study, we discovered increased expression of TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPA1. Among them, TRPV3, in particular, is predominantly expressed in the epidermis of the tissue of pruritic burn scars. We sought to evaluate the correlation between the expression of TRPV3 activators and itching after application of TRPV3 activator carvacrol over burn scars. Materials and Methods: Design: This was a double-blind clinical trial with non-randomized distribution. Setting: This study was performed in a hospital setting. Patients or participants: Patients with itching of burn scars (numerical rating scale (NRS), &lt, 3, n = 8, Group 1 and NRS, &ge, n = 16, Group 2) and healthy volunteers (n = 18, Group 3) were included. Interventions: The investigational drug carvacrol (100%, 75%, and 50%) and control drug (10% ethanol) were applied over the scars using IQ Ultimate&trade, 1 &times, 1 cm chamber sheets. Main variables of interest: The presence of pruritus, erythema, edema, and other skin lesions was evaluated. The verbal NRS scores were also compared. Results: Carvacrol induced more itching in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. In Group 2, 100%, 75%, and 50% carvacrol caused significantly more itching (NRS score, 5.18 &plusmn, 3.04, 5.18 &plusmn, 3.04, and 4.93 &plusmn, 2.96, respectively) than that in Group 1 (NRS score, 1.00 &plusmn, 1.80, 1.00 &plusmn, 1.80, and 1.00 &plusmn, 1.80, respectively) and Group 3 (NRS score, 2.38 &plusmn, 1.94, 1.27 &plusmn, 1.32, respectively). Conclusions: The TRPV3 activator carvacrol can cause itching if applied over burn scars. This study can help understand the mechanism and prognosis of post-burn itching and contribute to the development of its treatment.

Rye is an important economic crop with remarkable resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and high nutrient utilization. Identification of genes related to cold stress response in winter rye to improve understanding of the molecular mechanism of low temperature response. We performed RNA-seq on winter rye transcriptome under four different cold stress conditions: CK (room temperature), 24 h (4 °C), 48 h (4 °C) and 72 h (4 °C). A total of 128,744 Unigenes were identified, of which 29,874 genes were differentially expressed, including genes related to photosynthesis, plasma membrane stability, glucose and energy metabolism, as well as cold-response transcription factors. GO and KEGG results showed that winter rye protects against low temperature damage by synthesizing extracellular components such as Cutin, suberine and wax. In addition, Oligosaccharides and chitin play a key role in cold resistance of winter rye and MNS1 and MNS3 were the candidate genes. The transcription factors (TFs) results showed that MYB and bHLH families showed a close relationship with cold resistance. In conclusion, the cold tolerance of winter rye is achieved through a variety of biological pathways, including “chitin binding”, “glycolytic process”, and “tricarboxylic acid cycle”. Winter rye can also respond to cold stress by regulating cutin, suberine and wax synthesis. The expression of common cold stress genes such as HSPs, MYBs, bHLHs, NAC, bZIPs, C2H2 and CBF changed after cold stimulation. This study can provide a valuable resource for studies related to cold tolerance, helping to explore genes associated with cold stress and for genetic improvement of crops.

In this paper, the distributed finite-time consensus of leader-following is investigated for a class of second-order multi-agent systems with undirected and directed topology. A new distributed control protocol is proposed to solve the consensus problem for nonlinear multi-agent systems. The control protocol is designed via applying the system of Laplacian matrix and the nonlinear constants. It is proven that the practical leader-following finite-time consensus can be achieved by the proposed protocol under undirected and directed topologies with the algebraic graph theory, matrix theory and Lyapunov control approach. Finally, two numerical simulation examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.

Memory-Driven Computing facilitates real-world applications like in-memory database to benefit from substantial memory resources; however, these workloads perform dramatically downgraded if the memory capacity cannot reach to a threshold. In this paper, we present a novel remote memory system, which can handle memory-intensive workloads up to the scale of 1 Terabyte, by leveraging sophisticated tmpfs, virtual memory system, and Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) over Ethernet. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first design that provides (1) the most significant memory extension without any software modification and (2) the large-scale performance evaluations comparing to other state-of-the-art works about network-based remote memory. Based on the evaluation results, we believe the proposed composable memory is valuable for readers to re-visit wildly developed computing models (e.g., Apache Spark) and facilitate research work which can potentially reshape the data center architecture/deployment further.

A 2-pyrazine carboxylate lithium monohydrate [Li(pyza)(H2O)] n was synthesized in a mixed solution of redistilled water and anhydrous ethanol. X-Ray crystallography was applied to characterizing its crystal structure. Low temperature molar heat capacities were measured in a temperature range of from 78 K to 400 K with a precision automatic adiabatic calorimeter. Two polynomial equations of experimental molar heat capacity as a function of temperature were obtained by the least-squares method. The smoothed molar heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound were calculated based on the fitted polynomial equations. In accordance with Hess’s law, a reasonable thermochemical cycle was designed based on the preparation reaction of the target compound. The standard molar enthalpies of dissolution for the reactants and products of the designed thermochemical reaction were measured by an isoperibol solution-reaction calorimeter, and the enthalpy change of the reaction was obtained, i.e., Δr H m θ =-(30.084±0.329) kJ/mol. The standard molar enthalpy of the formation of the target compound was determined as $\Delta _f H_{m\{ [Li(pyza)(H_2 O)]_n (s)\} }^\theta = - (260.844 \pm 1.178)$ kJ/mol based on the enthalpy change of the reaction and standard molar enthalpies of the formation of other reactants and products. In addition, UV-Vis spectroscopy and the data of the refractive indexes were used to confirm whether the designed Hess thermochemical cycle was reasonable and reliable.

For the automatic warehouse slotting optimization problems, the mathematical model of multi-objective optimization is established in order to improve the turnover efficiency and meet the requirements of shelf stability. Combined the local search ability of simulated annealing algorithm with the fast global searching ability of genetic algorithm, the genetic annealing algorithm based on slotting optimization is proposed and applied to the solution of the mathematical model. The shelf rated load weight is added to the constraint conditions, which ensures the operational reliability and stability of the automated warehouse. The algorithm is verified by simulation with MATLAB, which showed that genetic annealing algorithm can more effectively solve the problem of slotting optimization.

Based on the analysis and comparison of existing numerical mode-matching method (NMM), an improved NMM is proposed in this paper. A new type of recursive formulas is derived by setting the proper positions for the unknown variables, and recursive formulas are unified to one form for the layers above and under source, avoiding the disadvantage of the traditional NMM to deduce the recursive formulas for the layers above and under source respectively. It is easy to understand and has concise physical meaning. But the incremental factor in the recursive formulas can’t be eliminated thoroughly, which may affect the calculation accuracy and stability. Finally, the merits and demerits of the improved method and the traditional one are summarizes.

Based on Duncan-zhang nonlinear elastic model and ANSYS software, impacts on the settlement and stress of dam as well as the panel deflection are studied with different modulus of dam embankment materials and zoning of rock-fill dams. Through a variety of comparisons, the result shows that the dam settlement and the maximum deflection of panels increase as the initial elastic modulus ratio of main to secondary rock-fill rising. The ratio was much more reasonable within 1 - 2 and the dam deformation was small; 0.3 times top of the dam filled with high strength rock-fill materials might decrease settlement and panel deflection. The boundary line could be put forward to upstream appropriately to improve the utilization of soft rock with modulus ratio of main to secondary rock-fill less than 1.5 times.

This paper reports that low-temperature heat capacities of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-phenol (C8H11NO) are measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K. A polynomial equation of heat capacities as a function of the temperature was fitted by the least square method. Based on the fitted polynomial, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated and tabulated at the interval of 5 K. The energy equivalent, epsilon(calor), of the oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter has been determined from 0.68 g of NIST 39i benzoic acid to be epsilon(calor)=(14674.69 +/- 17.49)J.K-1. The constant-volume energy of combustion of the compound at T=298.15 K was measured by a precision oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter to be Delta U-c=-(32374.25 +/- 12.93)J.g(-1). The standard molar enthalpy of combustion for the compound was calculated to be Delta H-c(m)circle minus = -(4445.47 +/- 1.77) kJ . mol(-1) according to the definition of enthalpy of combustion and other thermodynamic principles. Finally, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound was derived to be Delta H-f(m)circle minus(C8H11 NO,s) = -(274.68 +/- 2.06) kJ . mol(-1), in accordance with Hess law.

Structural variants are implicated in numerous diseases and make up the majority of varying nucleotides among human genomes. Here we describe an integrated set of eight structural variant classes comprising both balanced and unbalanced variants, which we constructed using short-read DNA sequencing data and statistically phased onto haplotype blocks in 26 human populations. Analysing this set, we identify numerous gene-intersecting structural variants exhibiting population stratification and describe naturally occurring homozygous gene knockouts that suggest the dispensability of a variety of human genes. We demonstrate that structural variants are enriched on haplotypes identified by genome-wide association studies and exhibit enrichment for expression quantitative trait loci. Additionally, we uncover appreciable levels of structural variant complexity at different scales, including genic loci subject to clusters of repeated rearrangement and complex structural variants with multiple breakpoints likely to have formed through individual mutational events. Our catalogue will enhance future studies into structural variant demography, functional impact and disease association.

The structure and operating principle of a new kind of hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) with permanent magnets in the rotor are introduced in this paper. Three-dimensional FEM analysis models of HMB are built first, then air-gap flux density distribution under different conditions, X-Y magnetic coupling, and the force-current characteristics are studied in sequence, some of which are compared with other kinds of magnetic bearings to throw light on the advantages of the presented HMB. A prototyped HMB is manufactured in the application of the satellite attitude control/energy storage flywheel system with angular moments of 15Nms at a speed of 30 000rpm. It is verified by theoretical analysis and prototyped experiments that the proposed HMB features simple structure, low power loss, little X-Y magnetic coupling, good force-current characteristics, and, finally, high operating reliability

We report a new way, i.e. double-end-pumping, to extend the stability range of a laser resonator, in advantage of making the thermal loading be effectively divided between the ends of the laser crystal to reduce the thermal effect, thus to extend the stability range. Using this new way, we experimentally obtained a 2.7-W cw laser source at 671 nm by intracavity frequency doubling of 1342 nm of a Nd:YVO4 laser based on the nonlinear crystal LiB3O5. The maximum pump power is 28 W, which is higher than 13 W of the single-end-pumping.

We report a nanosecond Nd:YVO4-pumped optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN). Tuning is achieved in this experiment by varying the temperature and period of the PPLN. The design of double-pass singly resonant oscillator (DSRO) and confocal cavity enables the OPO threshold to be lowered considerably, resulting in a simple, compact, all-solid-state configuration with the mid-infrared idler powers of up to 466mW at 3.41μm.

We report the generation of tunable mid-infrared optical pulses using all-solid-state pumped optical parametric oscillator in a periodically poled lithium niobate. Several ways were used to lower the threshold, resulting in a mean threshold as low as 6.5 mW and an achievement of wavelength conversion in the 2.77-4.04 mum spectral range. Continuous tuning range from 2.97 to 3.25 mum was achieved. The maximum idler output power of 466 mW at the wavelength of 3.41 mum was obtained, which represents an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 19% from incident pump power to the idler output.

We report on an all-solid-state high-power quasi-continuous blue light source by the frequency doubling of a signal wave from an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). A 50-mm-long LiB3O5 (LBO) crystal is used for the OPO, which is pumped by a diode-pumped Nd:YAG green laser (10 kHz, 50 ns). Tunable blue emission in a new nonlinear crystal BiB3O6 (BiBO) is obtained with a wavelength range from 450 to 495 nm. The average power of the signal output is as high as 9.3 W from 924 to 970 nm. The maximum output of the blue laser with the second harmonic walk-off compensation is 1.3 W average power at 470 nm for 6.2 W of OPO signal light at 940 nm.

We report the tunable mid-infrared generation with a periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN). Using an all-solid-state-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser as the pump source and a PPLN nonlinear crystal with grating periods of 28.2-30.8 mum, we have achieved wavelength conversion in the 2.90-4.05 mum spectral range by period tuning. The use of confocal cavity design has brought a compact, all-solid-state configuration with an average output powers of idler up to similar to 200 m W. The maximum power of 277 mW was obtained at the wavelength of 3.35 mum.

This study deals with the complex problems of wellbore collapse and hole shrinkage during drilling process in Jilin Oilfield. Analysis of lithological characteristics and mineral compositions of the representative reservoir cores, revealed that the reservoir cores have microcracks development in the region. The cores mainly composed of brittle shale and soft mudstone with high contents of illite-smectite, belonging to the strata of strong water-sensitivity and easy to collapse. Based on the principles of aluminum chemistry, optimization and compounding of aluminum salt anti-collapse inhibitors was experimentally formulated. The formation of aluminum matrix drilling fluid system in combination with other additives was also established, and evaluation of the system’s rheology, fliter loss, temperature resistance, inhibition and anti-pollution were carried out. Finally, the aluminum matrix drilling fluid system with strong anti-collapse capacity was developed. The on-site applications of 14 wells in Jilin Oilfield related blocks show that compared to the previous anti-collapse system, the aluminum matrix drilling fluid system eliminated the problems of sticking by fast dropping, hang sticking during pulling out of hole and slacking during running in hole caused by wellbore collapsing and hole shrinkage, thus, greatly reducing the accidents’ rate.

In this paper, we make analysis and knowledge extraction on the process parameters of affecting stock market using Rough Lattice model. In order to forecast the risk of stock market, we utilize stock quotation data to mine rules according to CM_CARCL (Compressed Matrix Based Construction Algorithm of Rough Concept Lattice).The experiment shows that these rules mined from stock quotation can reflect the influence of different factors on stock quotation.

Objectives 148 cases combined dynamic blood pressure index analysis, this paper discusses the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in essential hypertension with coronary heart disease in prediction function. Methods According to the criteria, consecutive patients with chest pain accept coronary angiography in 546 cases of essential hypertension and coronary angiography results based on merger coronary heart disease and high blood pressure group is divided into pure high blood pressure group. 148 of them routine ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. All patients will do coronary angiography,coronary artery pathological changes of blood vessels with lesions degree count and Gensini integral said. Results The hypertension with coronary heart disease group risk of cardiovascular events than pure hypertension patients (P Conclusions 24h dynamic SBP, night dynamic PP is high blood pressure patients with coronary heart disease risk factors of cardiovascular events.

Objectives To study the relationship between renal function and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with refractory hypertension (RH), and to investigate the relative risk factors of LVH in RH patients. Methods 215 (120 cases of RH and 95 cases of none RH) hospitalised patients were retrospectively analysed. The renal function was evaluated by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula, and 24h ambulatory blood Pressure were monitored. Echocardiography measurement were performed, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were calculatled. LVH were definited when LVMI > 125 g/m 2 in male or LVMI > 110 g/m 2 in female. Results Compared with that in none RH group, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in RH group was lower [(72.3 ± 22.1) vs (83.1 ± 19.5) ml/(min.1.73m2), P 2 , respectively]. These differences had statistic significance (all P Conclusions Renal function and LVH are evident in RH patients. Different levels of renal function had different impacts on LVH. eGFR

Objective To study the relationship between renal function and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with refractory hypertension (RH), and to investigate the relative risk factors of LVH in RH patients. Methods 215 (120 cases of RH and 95 cases of none RH) hospitalised patients were retrospectively analysed. The renal function was evaluated by modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula, and 24h ambulatory blood pressure was monitored. Echocardiography measurement was performed, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were calculatled. LVH were definited when LVMI > 125g/m2 in male or LVMI > 110g/m 2 in female. Results Compared with that in none RH group, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in RH group was lower[(72.3 ± 22.1) vs (83.1 ± 19.5)ml/(min.1.73 m 2), P 2 ), LVH, secondary hypertension, and LVMI in RH group were higher[29.2%vs10.5%, 32.5%vs 16.8%, 31.7%vs5.3%,(108.0 ± 27.1)vs (95.3 ± 22.9) g/m2, respectively]. These differences had statistic significance (all P 2 ) and concomitant hypercholesteremia were 4.5(95%CI 1.82–1.07, P = 0.001) and 3.6(95%CI 1.36–9.58, P = 0.010), respectively. Conclusions Renal function and LVH are evident in RH patients. Different levels of renal function had different impacts on LVH. eGFR 2 ) is a relative risk factors of LVH.