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1. Dusty Starbursts Masquerading as Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies in JWST CEERS Observations

Author

Zavala, JA, Buat, V, Casey, CM, Finkelstein, SL, Burgarella, D, Bagley, MB, Ciesla, L, Daddi, E, Dickinson, M, Ferguson, HC, Franco, M, Jiménez-Andrade, EF, Kartaltepe, JS, Koekemoer, AM, Bail, AL, Murphy, EJ, Papovich, C, Tacchella, S, Wilkins, SM, Aretxaga, I, Behroozi, P, Champagne, JB, Fontana, A, Giavalisco, M, Grazian, A, Grogin, NA, Kewley, LJ, Kocevski, DD, Kirkpatrick, A, Lotz, JM, Pentericci, L, Pérez-González, PG, Pirzkal, N, Ravindranath, S, Somerville, RS, Trump, Yang, G, Aaron Yung, LY, Almaini, O, Amorín, RO, Annunziatella, M, Haro, PA, Backhaus, BE, Barro, G, Bell, EF, Bhatawdekar, R, Bisigello, L, Buitrago, F, Calabrò, A, Castellano, M, Chávez Ortiz, ÓA, Chworowsky, K, Cleri, NJ, Cohen, SH, Cole, JW, Cooke, KC, Cooper, MC, Cooray, AR, Costantin, L, Cox, IG, Croton, D, Davé, R, Vega, ADL, Dekel, A, Elbaz, D, Estrada-Carpenter, V, Fernández, V, Finkelstein, KD, Freundlich, J, Fujimoto, S, García-Argumánez, Á, Gardner, JP, Gawiser, E, Gómez-Guijarro, C, Guo, Y, Hamilton, TS, Hathi, NP, Holwerda, BW, Hirschmann, M, Huertas-Company, M, Hutchison, TA, Iyer, KG, Jaskot, AE, Jha, SW, Jogee, S, Juneau, S, Jung, I, Kassin, SA, Kurczynski, P, Larson, RL, Leung, GCK, Long, AS, Lucas, RA, Magnelli, B, Mantha, KB, Matharu, J, McGrath, EJ, McIntosh, DH, Medrano, A, Merlin, E, Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ciesla, L [0000-0003-0541-2891], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Franco, M [0000-0002-3560-8599], Jiménez-Andrade, EF [0000-0002-2640-5917], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Bail, AL [0000-0002-9466-2763], Murphy, EJ [0000-0001-7089-7325], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Aretxaga, I [0000-0002-6590-3994], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Champagne, JB [0000-0002-6184-9097], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-5537-8110], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Almaini, O [0000-0001-9328-3991], Amorín, RO [0000-0001-5758-1000], Annunziatella, M [0000-0002-8053-8040], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Barro, G [0000-0001-6813-875X], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buitrago, F [0000-0002-2861-9812], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Castellano, M [0000-0001-9875-8263], Chávez Ortiz, ÓA [0000-0003-2332-5505], Chworowsky, K [0000-0003-4922-0613], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cohen, SH [0000-0003-3329-1337], Cole, JW [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooke, KC [0000-0002-2200-9845], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Cox, IG [0000-0002-1803-794X], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Davé, R [0000-0003-2842-9434], Vega, ADL [0000-0002-6219-5558], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Estrada-Carpenter, V [0000-0001-8489-2349], Fernández, V [0000-0003-0531-5450], Finkelstein, KD [0000-0003-0792-5877], Freundlich, J [0000-0002-5245-7796], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], García-Argumánez, Á [0000-0002-8365-5525], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Gómez-Guijarro, C [0000-0002-4085-9165], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Hamilton, TS [0000-0002-9753-1769], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Jaskot, AE [0000-0002-6790-5125], Jha, SW [0000-0001-8738-6011], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, I [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kassin, SA [0000-0002-3838-8093], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Larson, RL [0000-0003-2366-8858], Leung, GCK [0000-0002-9393-6507], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, B [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, J [0000-0002-7547-3385], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Merlin, E [0000-0001-6870-8900], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
5101 Astronomical Sciences, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidates at z ≳ 10 are rapidly being identified in James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam observations. Due to the (redshifted) break produced by neutral hydrogen absorption of rest-frame UV photons, these sources are expected to drop out in the bluer filters while being well detected in redder filters. However, here we show that dust-enshrouded star-forming galaxies at lower redshifts (z ≲ 7) may also mimic the near-infrared (near-IR) colors of z > 10 LBGs, representing potential contaminants in LBG candidate samples. First, we analyze CEERS-DSFG-1, a NIRCam dropout undetected in the F115W and F150W filters but detected at longer wavelengths. Combining the JWST data with (sub)millimeter constraints, including deep NOEMA interferometric observations, we show that this source is a dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at z ≈ 5.1. We also present a tentative 2.6σ SCUBA-2 detection at 850 μm around a recently identified z ≈ 16 LBG candidate in the same field and show that, if the emission is real and associated with this candidate, the available photometry is consistent with a z ∼ 5 dusty galaxy with strong nebular emission lines despite its blue near-IR colors. Further observations on this candidate are imperative to mitigate the low confidence of this tentative submillimeter emission and its positional uncertainty. Our analysis shows that robust (sub)millimeter detections of NIRCam dropout galaxies likely imply z ∼ 4–6 redshift solutions, where the observed near-IR break would be the result of a strong rest-frame optical Balmer break combined with high dust attenuation and strong nebular line emission, rather than the rest-frame UV Lyman break. This provides evidence that DSFGs may contaminate searches for ultra-high redshift LBG candidates from JWST observations.

Published
2023

2. A Long Time Ago in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: A Candidate z ~ 12 Galaxy in Early JWST CEERS Imaging

Author

Finkelstein, SL, Bagley, MB, Haro, PA, Dickinson, M, Ferguson, HC, Kartaltepe, JS, Papovich, C, Burgarella, D, Kocevski, DD, Huertas-Company, M, Iyer, KG, Koekemoer, AM, Larson, RL, Pérez-González, PG, Rose, C, Tacchella, S, Wilkins, SM, Chworowsky, K, Medrano, A, Morales, AM, Somerville, RS, Aaron Yung, LY, Fontana, A, Giavalisco, M, Grazian, A, Grogin, NA, Kewley, LJ, Kirkpatrick, A, Kurczynski, P, Lotz, JM, Pentericci, L, Pirzkal, N, Ravindranath, S, Ryan, RE, Trump, Yang, G, Almaini, O, Amorín, RO, Annunziatella, M, Backhaus, BE, Barro, G, Behroozi, P, Bell, EF, Bhatawdekar, R, Bisigello, L, Bromm, V, Buat, V, Buitrago, F, Calabrò, A, Casey, CM, Castellano, M, Chávez Ortiz, ÓA, Ciesla, L, Cleri, NJ, Cohen, SH, Cole, JW, Cooke, KC, Cooper, MC, Cooray, AR, Costantin, L, Cox, IG, Croton, D, Daddi, E, Davé, R, De La Vega, A, Dekel, A, Elbaz, D, Estrada-Carpenter, V, Faber, SM, Fernández, V, Finkelstein, KD, Freundlich, J, Fujimoto, S, García-Argumánez, Á, Gardner, JP, Gawiser, E, Gómez-Guijarro, C, Guo, Y, Hamblin, K, Hamilton, TS, Hathi, NP, Holwerda, BW, Hirschmann, M, Hutchison, TA, Jaskot, AE, Jha, SW, Jogee, S, Juneau, S, Jung, I, Kassin, SA, Le Bail, A, Leung, GCK, Lucas, RA, Magnelli, B, Mantha, KB, Matharu, J, McGrath, EJ, McIntosh, DH, Merlin, E, Mobasher, B, Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Larson, RL [0000-0003-2366-8858], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Rose, C [0000-0002-8018-3219], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Chworowsky, K [0000-0003-4922-0613], Morales, AM [0000-0003-4965-0402], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Ryan, RE [0000-0003-0894-1588], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Almaini, O [0000-0001-9328-3991], Amorín, RO [0000-0001-5758-1000], Annunziatella, M [0000-0002-8053-8040], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Bromm, V [0000-0003-0212-2979], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Buitrago, F [0000-0002-2861-9812], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Castellano, M [0000-0001-9875-8263], Chávez Ortiz, ÓA [0000-0003-2332-5505], Ciesla, L [0000-0003-0541-2891], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cohen, SH [0000-0003-3329-1337], Cole, JW [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooke, KC [0000-0002-2200-9845], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Cox, IG [0000-0002-1803-794X], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Davé, R [0000-0003-2842-9434], De La Vega, A [0000-0002-6219-5558], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Estrada-Carpenter, V [0000-0001-8489-2349], Fernández, V [0000-0003-0531-5450], Finkelstein, KD [0000-0003-0792-5877], Freundlich, J [0000-0002-5245-7796], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], García-Argumánez, Á [0000-0002-8365-5525], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Gómez-Guijarro, C [0000-0002-4085-9165], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Hamblin, K [0000-0002-6292-4589], Hamilton, TS [0000-0002-9753-1769], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Jaskot, AE [0000-0002-6790-5125], Jha, SW [0000-0001-8738-6011], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, I [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kassin, SA [0000-0002-3838-8093], Le Bail, A [0000-0002-9466-2763], Leung, GCK [0000-0002-9393-6507], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, B [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, J [0000-0002-7547-3385], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Merlin, E [0000-0001-6870-8900], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
5101 Astronomical Sciences, 5109 Space Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

We report the discovery of a candidate galaxy with a photo-z of z ∼ 12 in the first epoch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Following conservative selection criteria, we identify a source with a robust z phot = 11.8 − 0.2 + 0.3 (1σ uncertainty) with m F200W = 27.3 and ≳7σ detections in five filters. The source is not detected at λ < 1.4 μm in deep imaging from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST and has faint ∼3σ detections in JWST F150W and HST F160W, which signal a Lyα break near the red edge of both filters, implying z ∼ 12. This object (Maisie’s Galaxy) exhibits F115W − F200W > 1.9 mag (2σ lower limit) with a blue continuum slope, resulting in 99.6% of the photo-z probability distribution function favoring z > 11. All data-quality images show no artifacts at the candidate’s position, and independent analyses consistently find a strong preference for z > 11. Its colors are inconsistent with Galactic stars, and it is resolved (r h = 340 ± 14 pc). Maisie’s Galaxy has log M */M ⊙ ∼ 8.5 and is highly star-forming (log sSFR ∼ −8.2 yr−1), with a blue rest-UV color (β ∼ −2.5) indicating little dust, though not extremely low metallicity. While the presence of this source is in tension with most predictions, it agrees with empirical extrapolations assuming UV luminosity functions that smoothly decline with increasing redshift. Should follow-up spectroscopy validate this redshift, our universe was already aglow with galaxies less than 400 Myr after the Big Bang.

Published
2022
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3. Investigating evidence for different black hole accretion modes since redshift z ∼ 1

Author

Georgakakis, A, Pérez-González, PG, Fanidakis, N, Salvato, M, Aird, J, Messias, H, Lotz, JM, Barro, G, Hsu, Li-Ting, Nandra, K, Rosario, D, Cooper, MC, Kocevski, DD, and Newman, JA

Subjects
astro-ph.HE, Seyfert [galaxies], active [galaxies], Astronomy & Astrophysics, diffuse background [X-rays], Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Chandra data in the COSMOS, AEGIS-XD and 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field South are combined with multiwavelength photometry available in those fields to determine the rest-frame U-V versus V-J colours of X-ray AGN hosts in the redshift intervals 0.1 < z < 0.6 (mean z = 0.40) and 0.6 < z < 1.2 (mean z = 0.85). This combination of colours provides an effective and least model-dependent means of separating quiescent from star-forming, including dust reddened, galaxies. Morphological information emphasizes differences between AGN populations split by their U-V versus V-J colours. AGN in quiescent galaxies consist almost exclusively of bulges, while star-forming hosts are equally split between early-and late-type hosts. The position of AGN hosts on the U-V versus V-J diagram is then used to set limits on the accretion density of the Universe associated with evolved and star-forming systems independent of dust induced biases. It is found that most of the black hole growth at z ̃0.40 and 0.85 is associated with star-forming hosts. Nevertheless, a non-negligible fraction of the X-ray luminosity density, about 15-20 per cent, at both z = 0.40 and 0.85, is taking place in galaxies in the quiescent region of the U-V versus V-J diagram. For the low-redshift sub-sample, 0.1 < z < 0.6, we also find tentative evidence, significant at the 2σ level, that AGN split by their U-V and V-J colours have different Eddington ratio distributions. AGN in blue star-forming hosts dominate at relatively high Eddington ratios. In contrast, AGN in red quiescent hosts become increasingly important as a fraction of the total population towards low Eddington ratios. At higher redshift,z > 0.6, such differences are significant at the 2σ level only for sources with Eddington ratios ≥10-3. These findings are consistent with scenarios in which diverse accretion modes are responsible for the build-up of supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies.We compare these results with the predictions of the GALFORM semi-analytic model for the cosmological evolution of AGN and galaxies. This model postulates two black hole fuelling modes, the first is linked to star formation events and the second takes place in passive galaxies. GALFORM predicts that a substantial fraction of the black hole growth at z < 1 is associated with quiescent galaxies, in apparent conflict with the observations. Relaxing the strong assumption of the model that passive AGN hosts have zero star formation rate could bring those predictions in better agreement with the data. © 2014 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Published
2014

4. Evidence for a correlation between the sizes of quiescent galaxies and local environment to z~2

Author

Lani, C, Almaini, O, Hartley, WG, Mortlock, A, Häußler, B, Chuter, RW, Simpson, C, Van der Wel, A, Grützbauch, R, Conselice, CJ, Bradshaw, EJ, Cooper, MC, Faber, SM, Grogin, NA, Kocevski, DD, Koekemoer, AM, and Lai, K

Subjects
haloes [galaxies], groups: general [galaxies], astro-ph.GA, structure [galaxies], astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, clusters: general [galaxies], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, galaxies [infrared], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We present evidence for a strong relationship between galaxy size and environment for the quiescent population in the redshift range 1 < z < 2. Environments were measured using projected galaxy overdensities on a scale of 400 kpc, as determined from ~96 000 K-bandselected galaxies from the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (UDS). Sizes were determined from ground-based K-band imaging, calibrated using space-based CANDELS HST observations in the centre of the UDS field, with photometric redshifts and stellar masses derived from 11-band photometric fitting. From the resulting size-mass relation, we confirm that quiescent galaxies at a given stellar mass were typically ~50 per cent smaller at z ~ 1.4 compared to the present day. At a given epoch, however, we find that passive galaxies in denser environments are on average significantly larger at a given stellar mass. The most massive quiescent galaxies (Mz.ast; >2×1011M⊙) atz>1 are typically 50 per cent larger in the highest density environments compared to those in the lowest density environments. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we reject the null hypothesis that the size-mass relation is independent of environment at a significance >4.8s for the redshift range 1< z

Published
2013
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5. CEERS Key Paper. II. A First Look at the Resolved Host Properties of AGN at 3 < z < 5 with JWST

Author

Dale D. Kocevski, Guillermo Barro, Elizabeth J. McGrath, Steven L. Finkelstein, Micaela B. Bagley, Henry C. Ferguson, Shardha Jogee, Guang Yang, Mark Dickinson, Nimish P. Hathi, Bren E. Backhaus, Eric F. Bell, Laura Bisigello, Véronique Buat, Denis Burgarella, Caitlin M. Casey, Nikko J. Cleri, M. C. Cooper, Luca Costantin, Darren Croton, Emanuele Daddi, Adriano Fontana, Seiji Fujimoto, Jonathan P. Gardner, Eric Gawiser, Mauro Giavalisco, Andrea Grazian, Norman A. Grogin, Yuchen Guo, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Michaela Hirschmann, Benne W. Holwerda, Marc Huertas-Company, Taylor A. Hutchison, Kartheik G. Iyer, Brenda Jones, Stéphanie Juneau, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Lisa J. Kewley, Allison Kirkpatrick, Anton M. Koekemoer, Peter Kurczynski, Aurélien Le Bail, Arianna S. Long, Jennifer M. Lotz, Ray A. Lucas, Casey Papovich, Laura Pentericci, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Nor Pirzkal, Marc Rafelski, Swara Ravindranath, Rachel S. Somerville, Amber N. Straughn, Sandro Tacchella, Jonathan R. Trump, Stephen M. Wilkins, Stijn Wuyts, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Jorge A. Zavala, Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Barro, G [0000-0002-0786-7307], McGrath, EJ [0000-0001-8688-2443], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Bell, EF [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Guo, Y [0000-0002-4162-6523], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, KG [0000-0001-9298-3523], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Kurczynski, P [0000-0002-8816-5146], Bail, AL [0000-0002-9466-2763], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, M [0000-0002-9946-4731], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, AN [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Wuyts, S [0000-0003-3735-1931], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Kocevski, Dale D [0000-0002-8360-3880], Barro, Guillermo [0000-0002-0786-7307], McGrath, Elizabeth J [0000-0001-8688-2443], Finkelstein, Steven L [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, Micaela B [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ferguson, Henry C [0000-0001-7113-2738], Jogee, Shardha [0000-0002-1590-0568], Yang, Guang [0000-0001-8835-7722], Dickinson, Mark [0000-0001-5414-5131], Hathi, Nimish P [0000-0001-6145-5090], Backhaus, Bren E [0000-0001-8534-7502], Bell, Eric F [0000-0002-5564-9873], Bisigello, Laura [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, Véronique [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, Denis [0000-0002-4193-2539], Casey, Caitlin M [0000-0002-0930-6466], Cleri, Nikko J [0000-0001-7151-009X], Costantin, Luca [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, Darren [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, Emanuele [0000-0002-3331-9590], Fontana, Adriano [0000-0003-3820-2823], Fujimoto, Seiji [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, Jonathan P [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, Eric [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, Mauro [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, Andrea [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, Norman A [0000-0001-9440-8872], Guo, Yuchen [0000-0002-4162-6523], Haro, Pablo Arrabal [0000-0002-7959-8783], Hirschmann, Michaela [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, Benne W [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, Marc [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, Taylor A [0000-0001-6251-4988], Iyer, Kartheik G [0000-0001-9298-3523], Juneau, Stéphanie [0000-0002-0000-2394], Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kewley, Lisa J [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, Allison [0000-0002-1306-1545], Koekemoer, Anton M [0000-0002-6610-2048], Kurczynski, Peter [0000-0002-8816-5146], Bail, Aurélien Le [0000-0002-9466-2763], Long, Arianna S [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, Jennifer M [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, Ray A [0000-0003-1581-7825], Papovich, Casey [0000-0001-7503-8482], Pentericci, Laura [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pérez-González, Pablo G [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, Nor [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, Marc [0000-0002-9946-4731], Ravindranath, Swara [0000-0002-5269-6527], Somerville, Rachel S [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, Amber N [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, Sandro [0000-0002-8224-4505], Trump, Jonathan R [0000-0002-1410-0470], Wilkins, Stephen M [0000-0003-3903-6935], Wuyts, Stijn [0000-0003-3735-1931], and Zavala, Jorge A [0000-0002-7051-1100]

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 51 Physical Sciences, Galaxies and Cosmology
Abstract

We report on the host properties of five X-ray-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN) identified at 3 < z < 5 in the first epoch of imaging from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. Each galaxy has been imaged with the JWST Near-Infrared Camera, which provides rest-frame optical morphologies at these redshifts. We also derive stellar masses and star formation rates for each host by fitting its spectral energy distribution using a combination of galaxy and AGN templates. We find that three of the AGN hosts have spheroidal morphologies, one is a bulge-dominated disk, and one is dominated by pointlike emission. None are found to show strong morphological disturbances that might indicate a recent interaction or merger event. When compared to a sample of mass-matched inactive galaxies, we find that the AGN hosts have morphologies that are less disturbed and more bulge-dominated. Notably, all four of the resolved hosts have rest-frame optical colors consistent with a quenched or poststarburst stellar population. The presence of AGN in passively evolving galaxies at z > 3 is significant because a rapid feedback mechanism is required in most semianalytic models and cosmological simulations to explain the growing population of massive quiescent galaxies observed at these redshifts. Our findings show that AGN can continue to inject energy into these systems after their star formation is curtailed, potentially heating their halos and preventing renewed star formation. Additional observations will be needed to determine what role this feedback may play in helping to quench these systems and/or maintain their quiescent state.

Published
2023
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6. The Physical Conditions of Emission-line Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn from JWST/NIRSpec Spectroscopy in the SMACS 0723 Early Release Observations

Author

Jonathan R. Trump, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Raymond C. Simons, Bren E. Backhaus, Ricardo O. Amorín, Mark Dickinson, Vital Fernández, Casey Papovich, David C. Nicholls, Lisa J. Kewley, Samantha W. Brunker, John J. Salzer, Stephen M. Wilkins, Omar Almaini, Micaela B. Bagley, Danielle A. Berg, Rachana Bhatawdekar, Laura Bisigello, Véronique Buat, Denis Burgarella, Antonello Calabrò, Caitlin M. Casey, Laure Ciesla, Nikko J. Cleri, Justin W. Cole, M. C. Cooper, Asantha R. Cooray, Luca Costantin, Darren Croton, Henry C. Ferguson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Seiji Fujimoto, Jonathan P. Gardner, Eric Gawiser, Mauro Giavalisco, Andrea Grazian, Norman A. Grogin, Nimish P. Hathi, Michaela Hirschmann, Benne W. Holwerda, Marc Huertas-Company, Taylor A. Hutchison, Shardha Jogee, Stéphanie Juneau, Intae Jung, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Allison Kirkpatrick, Dale D. Kocevski, Anton M. Koekemoer, Jennifer M. Lotz, Ray A. Lucas, Benjamin Magnelli, Jasleen Matharu, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Nor Pirzkal, Marc Rafelski, Caitlin Rose, Lise-Marie Seillé, Rachel S. Somerville, Amber N. Straughn, Sandro Tacchella, Brittany N. Vanderhoof, Benjamin J. Weiner, Stijn Wuyts, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Jorge A. Zavala, Trump, Jonathan R [0000-0002-1410-0470], Haro, Pablo Arrabal [0000-0002-7959-8783], Simons, Raymond C [0000-0002-6386-7299], Backhaus, Bren E [0000-0001-8534-7502], Amorín, Ricardo O [0000-0001-5758-1000], Dickinson, Mark [0000-0001-5414-5131], Fernández, Vital [0000-0003-0531-5450], Papovich, Casey [0000-0001-7503-8482], Nicholls, David C [0000-0003-0892-5203], Kewley, Lisa J [0000-0001-8152-3943], Brunker, Samantha W [0000-0001-6776-2550], Salzer, John J [0000-0001-8483-603X], Wilkins, Stephen M [0000-0003-3903-6935], Almaini, Omar [0000-0001-9328-3991], Bagley, Micaela B [0000-0002-9921-9218], Berg, Danielle A [0000-0002-4153-053X], Bhatawdekar, Rachana [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, Laura [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, Véronique [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, Denis [0000-0002-4193-2539], Calabrò, Antonello [0000-0003-2536-1614], Casey, Caitlin M [0000-0002-0930-6466], Ciesla, Laure [0000-0003-0541-2891], Cleri, Nikko J [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cole, Justin W [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Cooray, Asantha R [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, Luca [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, Darren [0000-0002-5009-512X], Ferguson, Henry C [0000-0001-7113-2738], Finkelstein, Steven L [0000-0001-8519-1130], Fujimoto, Seiji [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, Jonathan P [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, Eric [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, Mauro [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, Andrea [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, Norman A [0000-0001-9440-8872], Hathi, Nimish P [0000-0001-6145-5090], Hirschmann, Michaela [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, Benne W [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, Marc [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, Taylor A [0000-0001-6251-4988], Jogee, Shardha [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, Stéphanie [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, Intae [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kirkpatrick, Allison [0000-0002-1306-1545], Kocevski, Dale D [0000-0002-8360-3880], Koekemoer, Anton M [0000-0002-6610-2048], Lotz, Jennifer M [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, Ray A [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, Benjamin [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, Jasleen [0000-0002-7547-3385], Pérez-González, Pablo G [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, Nor [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, Marc [0000-0002-9946-4731], Rose, Caitlin [0000-0002-8018-3219], Seillé, Lise-Marie [0000-0001-7755-4755], Somerville, Rachel S [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, Amber N [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, Sandro [0000-0002-8224-4505], Vanderhoof, Brittany N [0000-0002-8163-0172], Weiner, Benjamin J [0000-0001-6065-7483], Wuyts, Stijn [0000-0003-3735-1931], Aaron Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Zavala, Jorge A [0000-0002-7051-1100], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Simons, RC [0000-0002-6386-7299], Backhaus, BE [0000-0001-8534-7502], Amorín, RO [0000-0001-5758-1000], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Fernández, V [0000-0003-0531-5450], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Nicholls, DC [0000-0003-0892-5203], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Brunker, SW [0000-0001-6776-2550], Salzer, JJ [0000-0001-8483-603X], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Almaini, O [0000-0001-9328-3991], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Berg, DA [0000-0002-4153-053X], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Ciesla, L [0000-0003-0541-2891], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cole, JW [0000-0002-6348-1900], Cooray, AR [0000-0002-3892-0190], Costantin, L [0000-0001-6820-0015], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Juneau, S [0000-0002-0000-2394], Jung, I [0000-0003-1187-4240], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Magnelli, B [0000-0002-6777-6490], Matharu, J [0000-0002-7547-3385], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Rafelski, M [0000-0002-9946-4731], Rose, C [0000-0002-8018-3219], Seillé, LM [0000-0001-7755-4755], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Straughn, AN [0000-0002-4772-7878], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Vanderhoof, BN [0000-0002-8163-0172], Weiner, BJ [0000-0001-6065-7483], Wuyts, S [0000-0003-3735-1931], and Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100]

Subjects
similar-to 2, SIMILAR-TO 2, NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY, COLLISION STRENGTHS, near-infrared spectroscopy, MASS-METALLICITY RELATION, FOS: Physical sciences, CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION, Galaxies and Cosmology, collision strengths, LY-ALPHA, atomic database, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, MOSDEF SURVEY, mosdef survey, NEBULAR EMISSION, Astronomy and Astrophysics, mass-metallicity relation, star-forming galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, ATOMIC DATABASE, ly-alpha, nebular emission, Space and Planetary Science, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), chemical-composition, 51 Physical Sciences
Abstract

We present rest-frame optical emission-line flux ratio measurements for five $z>5$ galaxies observed by the JWST Near-Infared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) in the SMACS 0723 Early Release Observations. We add several quality-control and post-processing steps to the NIRSpec pipeline reduction products in order to ensure reliable relative flux calibration of emission lines that are closely separated in wavelength, despite the uncertain \textit{absolute} spectrophotometry of the current version of the reductions. Compared to $z\sim3$ galaxies in the literature, the $z>5$ galaxies have similar [OIII]$\lambda$5008/H$\beta$ ratios, similar [OIII]$\lambda$4364/H$\gamma$ ratios, and higher ($\sim$0.5 dex) [NeIII]$\lambda$3870/[OII]$\lambda$3728 ratios. We compare the observations to MAPPINGS V photoionization models and find that the measured [NeIII]$\lambda$3870/[OII]$\lambda$3728, [OIII]$\lambda$4364/H$\gamma$, and [OIII]$\lambda$5008/H$\beta$ emission-line ratios are consistent with an interstellar medium that has very high ionization ($\log(Q) \simeq 8-9$, units of cm~s$^{-1}$), low metallicity ($Z/Z_\odot \lesssim 0.2$), and very high pressure ($\log(P/k) \simeq 8-9$, units of cm$^{-3}$). The combination of [OIII]$\lambda$4364/H$\gamma$ and [OIII]$\lambda$(4960+5008)/H$\beta$ line ratios indicate very high electron temperatures of $4.1, Comment: Accepted for publication in AAS Journals. 14 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables

Published
2023
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7. CEERS Key Paper I: An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST

Author

Steven L. Finkelstein, Micaela B. Bagley, Henry C. Ferguson, Stephen M. Wilkins, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Casey Papovich, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Peter Behroozi, Mark Dickinson, Dale D. Kocevski, Anton M. Koekemoer, Rebecca L. Larson, Aurélien Le Bail, Alexa M. Morales, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Denis Burgarella, Romeel Davé, Michaela Hirschmann, Rachel S. Somerville, Stijn Wuyts, Volker Bromm, Caitlin M. Casey, Adriano Fontana, Seiji Fujimoto, Jonathan P. Gardner, Mauro Giavalisco, Andrea Grazian, Norman A. Grogin, Nimish P. Hathi, Taylor A. Hutchison, Saurabh W. Jha, Shardha Jogee, Lisa J. Kewley, Allison Kirkpatrick, Arianna S. Long, Jennifer M. Lotz, Laura Pentericci, Justin D. R. Pierel, Nor Pirzkal, Swara Ravindranath, Russell E. Ryan, Jonathan R. Trump, Guang Yang, Rachana Bhatawdekar, Laura Bisigello, Véronique Buat, Antonello Calabrò, Marco Castellano, Nikko J. Cleri, M. C. Cooper, Darren Croton, Emanuele Daddi, Avishai Dekel, David Elbaz, Maximilien Franco, Eric Gawiser, Benne W. Holwerda, Marc Huertas-Company, Anne E. Jaskot, Gene C. K. Leung, Ray A. Lucas, Bahram Mobasher, Viraj Pandya, Sandro Tacchella, Benjamin J. Weiner, Jorge A. Zavala, Finkelstein, SL [0000-0001-8519-1130], Bagley, MB [0000-0002-9921-9218], Ferguson, HC [0000-0001-7113-2738], Wilkins, SM [0000-0003-3903-6935], Kartaltepe, JS [0000-0001-9187-3605], Papovich, C [0000-0001-7503-8482], Yung, LY [0000-0003-3466-035X], Haro, PA [0000-0002-7959-8783], Behroozi, P [0000-0002-2517-6446], Dickinson, M [0000-0001-5414-5131], Kocevski, DD [0000-0002-8360-3880], Koekemoer, AM [0000-0002-6610-2048], Larson, RL [0000-0003-2366-8858], Le Bail, A [0000-0002-9466-2763], Morales, AM [0000-0003-4965-0402], Pérez-González, PG [0000-0003-4528-5639], Burgarella, D [0000-0002-4193-2539], Davé, R [0000-0003-2842-9434], Hirschmann, M [0000-0002-3301-3321], Somerville, RS [0000-0002-6748-6821], Wuyts, S [0000-0003-3735-1931], Bromm, V [0000-0003-0212-2979], Casey, CM [0000-0002-0930-6466], Fontana, A [0000-0003-3820-2823], Fujimoto, S [0000-0001-7201-5066], Gardner, JP [0000-0003-2098-9568], Giavalisco, M [0000-0002-7831-8751], Grazian, A [0000-0002-5688-0663], Grogin, NA [0000-0001-9440-8872], Hathi, NP [0000-0001-6145-5090], Hutchison, TA [0000-0001-6251-4988], Jha, SW [0000-0001-8738-6011], Jogee, S [0000-0002-1590-0568], Kewley, LJ [0000-0001-8152-3943], Kirkpatrick, A [0000-0002-1306-1545], Long, AS [0000-0002-7530-8857], Lotz, JM [0000-0003-3130-5643], Pentericci, L [0000-0001-8940-6768], Pierel, JDR [0000-0002-2361-7201], Pirzkal, N [0000-0003-3382-5941], Ravindranath, S [0000-0002-5269-6527], Ryan, RE [0000-0003-0894-1588], Trump, JR [0000-0002-1410-0470], Yang, G [0000-0001-8835-7722], Bhatawdekar, R [0000-0003-0883-2226], Bisigello, L [0000-0003-0492-4924], Buat, V [0000-0003-3441-903X], Calabrò, A [0000-0003-2536-1614], Castellano, M [0000-0001-9875-8263], Cleri, NJ [0000-0001-7151-009X], Cooper, MC [0000-0003-1371-6019], Croton, D [0000-0002-5009-512X], Daddi, E [0000-0002-3331-9590], Dekel, A [0000-0003-4174-0374], Elbaz, D [0000-0002-7631-647X], Franco, M [0000-0002-3560-8599], Gawiser, E [0000-0003-1530-8713], Holwerda, BW [0000-0002-4884-6756], Huertas-Company, M [0000-0002-1416-8483], Jaskot, AE [0000-0002-6790-5125], Leung, GCK [0000-0002-9393-6507], Lucas, RA [0000-0003-1581-7825], Mobasher, B [0000-0001-5846-4404], Pandya, V [0000-0002-2499-9205], Tacchella, S [0000-0002-8224-4505], Weiner, BJ [0000-0001-6065-7483], Zavala, JA [0000-0002-7051-1100], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
epoch simulations flares, cosmology legacy survey, deblended dust emission, uv luminosity functions, ultra-deep field, hubble frontier fields, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, initial mass function, 5109 Space Sciences, space-telescope observations, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, similar-to 10, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 51 Physical Sciences, high-redshift galaxies
Abstract

We present an investigation into the first 500 Myr of galaxy evolution from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. CEERS, one of 13 JWST ERS programs, targets galaxy formation from z~0.5 to z>10 using several imaging and spectroscopic modes. We make use of the first epoch of CEERS NIRCam imaging, spanning 35.5 sq. arcmin, to search for candidate galaxies at z>9. Following a detailed data reduction process implementing several custom steps to produce high-quality reduced images, we perform multi-band photometry across seven NIRCam broad and medium-band (and six Hubble broadband) filters focusing on robust colors and accurate total fluxes. We measure photometric redshifts and devise a robust set of selection criteria to identify a sample of 26 galaxy candidates at z~9-16. These objects are compact with a median half-light radius of ~0.5 kpc. We present an early estimate of the z~11 rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function, finding that the number density of galaxies at M_UV ~ -20 appears to evolve very little from z~9 to z~11. We also find that the abundance (surface density [arcmin^-2]) of our candidates exceeds nearly all theoretical predictions. We explore potential implications, including that at z>10 star formation may be dominated by top-heavy initial mass functions, which would result in an increased ratio of UV light per unit halo mass, though a complete lack of dust attenuation and/or changing star-formation physics may also play a role. While spectroscopic confirmation of these sources is urgently required, our results suggest that the deeper views to come with JWST should yield prolific samples of ultra-high-redshift galaxies with which to further explore these conclusions., 41 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables, submitted to ApJL. Key results in Figures 13-15, discussed in Sections 7 and 8

Published
2022
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