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BACKGROUND: Nutritional support, including oral nutrition supplements, is an integral part of anticancer treatment, including during surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Existing evidence for the effectiveness of nutritional support in this cohort of patients is limited. We suggest that the perioperative administration of a balanced polymeric hypercaloric high-protein enteral nutritional formula by sipping as an additional nutrition can have a positive effect on the results of surgical treatment. AIMS: 1) to assess the impact of perioperative nutritional support with high-protein oral nutrition supplements on the risk of postoperative complications, postoperative recovery of respiratory functions, nutritional status and quality of life in patients with primary lung cancer; 2) identification of possible side effects and complications when using high-protein high-energy oral nutrition supplements in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Russian prospective, randomised, multicenter low-intervention study of perioperative effect of high-protein nutritional support on postoperative outcomes in the treatment of primary lung cancer with parallel groups, 1:1 randomization. The study will include 114 patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer who are scheduled for surgery. It is expected to provide nutritional support in the perioperative period for 14 days before surgery and for 14 days after it. CONCLUSION: The present study may become one of the first evidence-based studies confirming the effectiveness of perioperative nutritional support with high-protein mixtures in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and will allow further study of the strategy of nutritional support in this category of patients.

Patients deserve an opportunity to tell clinicians and researchers their views about how sports medicine could better address their needs. In our “Case in Point” article, we provide an internationally competitive figure skater with a chance to identify her community’s needs and suggest solutions. We then have a clinician who works with skaters provide their perspective on the skater’s call to action. Finally, a researcher shares suggestions based on the views of the skater and clinician. We hope this “Case in Point” article highlights how novel clinical and research ideas can be sparked by creating a forum for athletes/patients, providers, and researchers to share ideas.

At present time widespread use of autonomous laser systems supposes reducing of supply energy, consumed by laser sources that are included in their composition and at the same time increasing of their output energy characteristics. The objective of this work was practical confirmation of possibility of laser beam combining in systems based on a ring delay line.The experimental setup that implements the principle of synchronous laser beam combining scheme on the ring fiber-optic delay line, developed by authors earlier, is made. The schematic diagram of the manufactured setup is presented, its operation principle is described in detail and its composition is considered. It is noted that in order to achieve the objective measurements of electrical signals received from the photodetector of the setup and measurements of the part of laser radiation power removed by the splitter and formed in the fiber-optic path of the setup are performed. Results of measurements are presented as the waveforms of electrical signals from the photodetector and of power values at the output of the splitter. Plots of dependence of the output power and the circulation power on the power of the initial laser beam introduced into the setup are presented.Analysis of results showed that the laser beam combining occurs in the ring fiber-optic delay line. Besides, it was found that the proposed scheme provides an increase in the power of the initial beam by 1.05…1.11 times.

Sea ice age is a proxy for thickness, which can be obtained through the use of satellite data. The paper presents the results of comparison of CryoSat-2, SMOS and CryoSat-2 & SMOS fusion data with detailed ice charts (October–April, 2010–2018). The AARI ice charts were chosen as references for comparison because they integrate knowledge and data from various sources, including expert analysis of operational satellite information, in-situ measurements at coastal stations, data on ice conditions from ships of the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The division of satellite data elements into classes (stages of development) was performed according to the maximum likelihood classifier. The recognition result for each stage of development was evaluated by means of three criteria, in accordance with the class value of Mode, Median and Mean. The effectiveness of satellite data in determining the Kara Sea ice thickness varies depending on the sea ice stage of development and winter season time. Four stages of development (old ice, thick first-year ice, medium first-year ice, nilas) showed the best recognition results. Although the CryoSat-2 mission was designed primarily to detect climate-dependent variations of the thickness of floating ice, in terms of statistical recognition of the Kara Sea ice stages of development, CryoSat-2 data can also be used to retrieve the thickness of thick first-year ice (January–April) and the thickness of medium first-year ice (January–February). For the remaining stages within the study area, the altimetry method shows a significant uncertainty, which can be resolved for nilas, thin first-year ice and medium first-year ice (March) by using SMOS data and CryoSat-2 & SMOS fusion data. In general, altimetric data, radiometric data and combination thereof can be applied in the complex analysis of all available information to ensure hydrometeorological and navigation support. Also, it is proposed to use the data of the ICESat-2 laser altimeter and to make a general comparison with in-situ measurements.

Due to the ability of LiFePO4 (LFP) to be charged with large currents, LFP batteries are widely used in household appliances and elect­ric vehicles, so the recycling of spent LFP batteries becomes an urgent need. First, they contain toxic components of electrolyte that cannot be buried in landfills; secondly, the cost of lithium which contains in the electrode material continuously increases, and therefore its return to circulation is profitable and expe­dient. To achieve this goal, much attention is paid to hydrometallurgical processing based on the chemical extraction of Li2CO3 and FePO4 during the regeneration of the electrode material. Here we report on the wet chemistry recycling of used LFP batteries. The main task of the work was to simplify the LiFePO4 regene­ration process by leaching with a solution of citric acid due to the elimination of the stage of isolation of Li2CO3 and FePO4, i.e. without selective separation of the filtrate components. The source of spent LiFePO4 was an industrial lithium iron phosphate battery failed due to an internal short circuit. It was found that using citric acid in the ratio H3Cit:LiFePO4=0.5:1, it is possible to efficiently and quickly separate the electrode material from the aluminum current collector. Further pyrolysis and heat treatment of the citrate solution makes it possible to obtain a high-purity LiFePO4/C composite material without extraneous impurities, except for amorphous carbon, which is formed during the pyrolysis of iron (II) and lithium citrates and the thermal decomposition of the binding material in an inert atmosphere. The specific capacity of the LiFePO4/C composite material recovered by the proposed method (145 mA∙h/g) insignificantly differs from that of commercial analogues. This, in our opinion, indicates good prospects of the lithium-iron phosphate regeneration method proposed in this paper.

Introduction. Hop production in the Russian Federation averages 116 thousand tons from 54 thousand hectares. The HS-400 hop-kiln used in the hop drying process line is energy-intensive. The concept of hop growing development in the Chuvash Republic for 2020–2025, approved by the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Chuvash Republic (dated 20.08.2020 No. 738-r), provides for the development of up to 45–50 hectares of new areas for hop, at the rate of 15–17 hectares per one hop-kiln HS-400. To expand the production of hop, it is necessary to effectively master innovative technologies and installations for drying freshly harvested hop that are not inferior in technical and economic parameters of foreign analogues. The development of a hop-kiln that provides dehydration and disinfection of freshly harvested hop, pre-servs consumer properties with reduced operating costs, is currently relevant.Methodology. The electrophysical parameters of hop cones (according to the Rogov method) were analyzed depending on the frequency of the electromagnetic field, humidity and temperature, heat and mass transfer processes during the supply of convective heat to the volumetric resonator of the microwave installation were theoretically investigated, and the effective technological parameters of the hop-kiln were determined. Studies of the electromagnetic field strength, current density, and intrinsic Q-factor of resonators were carried out in the CST Studio Suite 2017 three-dimensional computer modeling program and its CST Microwave Studio subprogram.Results. A multi-resonator hop-kiln with an energy supply in an electromagnetic field has been developed. The proposed hop-kiln contains resonators sequentially arranged in a horizontal plane with curved surfaces, docked through ceramic biconvex perforated plates. The design and technological scheme of the hop-kiln has been developed. The intrinsic Q-factor of elliptical toroidal resonator is 14600, of triangular prismatic resonator — in the range of 9000–1200, depending on the degree of concavity of the upper face. The calculation of the installation productivity amounts to 180–200 kg/h with a power of 15.66 kW, which made it possible to determine energy costs — to 0.1 kWh/kg.

Introduction. The research is aimed at substantiating the optimal design and technological parameters and operating modes of the microwave installation being developed, designed to implement the process of processing wax raw materials with preliminary separation and preservation of honey fraction contained therein.Methodology. The effective modes of heat treatment of apiary raw materials in a microwave wax melter were determined through regression models obtained during the implementation of the matrix of threefactor active planning of a multifactorial experiment.Results. The main factors influencing the process of heat treatment of the sail are revealed: the specific power of microwave energy generators, the duration of exposure to the electromagnetic field of super high frequency, the humidity of the feedstock. The expediency of implementing microwave technology for processing wax raw materials in a two-module installation containing hemispherical resonators to ensure continuous operation in compliance with electromagnetic safety, as well as control of technological parameters is proved.

Here we present information about the first findings of basidiomes of two species of the genus Inocybe (I. stellatospora, I. teraturgus) in Russia. The species were collected in the foothills and mountains of the western macroslope of the Subpolar and Northern Urals, on the territory of two protected areas: Yugyd Va National Park and Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve (Komi Republic). Analysis of the ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 sequences of I. stellatospora and I. teraturgus samples confirmed their identification by morphological features. The article provides morphological descriptions of the species, photographs of microscopic features as well as discusses differences with morphologically similar species.

The electrochemical synthesis of fungicidal thiocyanates from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium thiocyanate was developed. The high efficiency of electrochemical thiocyanation was only achieved using AcOH as the solvent.

The mechanism and stereoselectivity of the Ni-catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation between donor–acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) and diaziridines were rationalized by DFT calculations.

Introduction. Qualitatively new changes in relations between the state and the church in Russia and Mordovia began during the period of perestroika and socio-economic transformation of the 1990s. One of the manifestations of this process is the gradual return of buildings belonging to the Church in the past and the construction of new churches. Results and Discussion. Over the decade, the Ardatov Diocese of the Mordovian Metropolitanate passed the eventful path of formation and development. Today it conducts active spiritual, social, charitable and educational activities, restores the lost and erects new churches and monasteries. At the beginning, in a significant part of the parishes, the service was carried out in churches that were not restored after many years of destruction, in equipped houses of worship, in adapted premises. The task of restoring, repairing the facades and interiors of old churches with the status of objects of cultural heritage of federal and regional significance was urgent. Many forces and resources for the implementation of this goal are applied by the clergy, clergy and parishioners of the Ardatov Diocese. In the diocese has been actively building new churches, and in small parishes – Orthodox chapels. Conclusion. The diverse socially significant activities of the Ardatov Diocese and the Russian Orthodox Church as a whole testify not only to the revival of the traditions of Orthodox spirituality itself, but also to the positive role of the Church in the processes of harmonizing social relations, in strengthening political and economic stability in the country.

As the body ages, free radical processes intensify and the risk of various age-related diseases increases, including memory impairment, as exchange processes in nerve cells deteriorate. The internal antioxidant system, capable of neutralizing free radicals, is not always able to cope with the growing load, and then the supply of antioxidants from outside is necessary. A source of biologically active substances possessing antioxidant activity are plant extracts possessing a pronounced therapeutic effect combined with a minimum of side effects. The purpose of our study was to study the learning and memory of the offspring of rats that received aqueous plant extracts as an additional load. The study of the learning and memory of the offspring of rats that received aqueous plant extracts of Ginkgo biloba, Centella asiatica, Eleutherococcus and a mixture of aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba and Centella asiatica was performed on 4-month-old animals, obtained in an experiment from 15 males and 50 females, which in the course of 30 days water extracts were obtained in a dose of 30 mg/100 g of body weight in a volume of 1 ml. The study was carried out with the help of the test "Passive escape with negative (painful) reinforcement". Conclusions: the offspring of rats that received as an additional load intragastric mixture of aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba and Centella asiatica are characterized by the best indicators of learning and memory, compared to the offspring of animals of the control group, and rats that received aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba, Centella asiatica and Eleutherococcus separately.

The article considers the possibilities of combined processing with an unprofiled electrode-brush of products with a large unevenness of the initial profile. The coefficient of unevenness was used to estimate the size of the allowance. Methods of obtaining parts with variable allowance, features of their processing are considered. These are parts obtained by casting, welding, stamping, roughing blade and electroerosion treatment. The surfaces of such parts are often characterized by high hardness and wear resistance. To date, there is no universal way to process such parts. Often, such details, after processing, have to be refined with the help of stripping devices or a locksmith method, which increases the processing time and enhances the process. It is of interest to use an unprofiled brush electrode for processing such parts, but for this it was necessary to create an effective processing technology that ensures a stable flow of the process. As a result of theoretical studies and oscillography of the process, the mechanism of the processing process was clarified, which made it possible to clarify the true value of the electrode-brush and more accurately determine its wear. A typical technological process of surface treatment with an uneven allowance was developed. Schemes of surface treatment with variable allowance with adjustment of the amount of the brush electrode clamping by the minimum and maximum allowance values are proposed. Processing modes have been experimentally established. The article presents the practical results of experiments on processed cast iron gratings with different modes.

BACKGROUND: Biological systems of all levels of organization are characterized by the rhythm of functioning processes, which are one of the fundamental properties of living matter. The complex of circadian rhythms of mammals, being genetically determined, is quite plastically modulated by the action of periodic factors of the external and internal environment. Significant factors in the disorganization of biorhythms in the modern world include a violation of the light-dark regime, so-called light pollution. Alcohol abuse remains one of the most important medical and social problems of modern society. One of the important effects of alcohol is its destructive effect on the circadian rhythms of many physiological processes. AIM: The aim of the research was to study the influence of constant lighting, chronic alcohol intoxication and joint effect of these factors on the diurnal dynamics of several biochemical parameters in Wistar rats of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 200 and 160 female outbred Wistar rats at the age of 6 months, weighing 350 15 g. Rats were divided into 8 groups. 1st group (control ♂) is kept at fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 hours with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). 2nd group, males (n = 50) is kept under the same conditions as the control, but receives a 15 % aqueous solution of ethanol ad libitum as a drink instead of water, i.e. is subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 3, males (n = 50) are kept under constant light. The 4th group, males (n = 50) are also kept under constant illumination and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. Group 5 (control ♀) females (n = 40), are kept at a fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 am with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). The 6th group, females (n = 40) are kept under the same conditions as the control, but receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water as a drink, i.e. subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 7, females (n = 40) are kept under constant light. The 8th group, females (n = 40) are also kept under constant light and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. In the blood samples taken at 9:00, 15:00, 21:00 and 3:00 hours the content of AST, ALT, glucose, total protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin was measured. The reliability of circadian rhythmicity of studied parameters was assessed with use of cosinor analysis. RESULTS: It is established that the chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and joint action of this factors lead to similar changes in biochemical parameters in rats of both sexes, but in female rats the level of AST, total and direct bilirubin changes as a result of three weeks of intoxication, which is not observed in males. In turn, both individual and joint effects of chronic alcohol intoxication and dark deprivation lead to significant changes in rhythmostasis in rats, however, circadian rhythms of total protein, as well as both types of bilirubin, are more resistant to dark deprivation in females than in males. CONCLUSIONS: The conducted study testifies that a three-week chronic alcohol intoxication causes more significant changes in the biochemical profile in female rats compared to males. At the same time, the studied circadian rhythms of the biochemical parameters of the organism of females turn out to be more resistant to dark deprivation than those of males, being destroyed only under the combined action of chronic alcohol intoxication and constant illumination.

The aim of this research is to assess the current status, potential and problems of human resources for forestry in municipal state forest management institutions (MSFMIs) of Kazakhstan. A total of 120 MSFMIs are functional in Kazakhstan, with almost 5.5 thousand employees, of which 6.1% are women. Overall 63% are foresters, 13% are masters of the wood, 13% are engineers of forestry of all categories, 7% are forest wardens and 4% are directors. The quality of education of forest workers also varies and a minority of forest workers has a higher education. The scenario also suggested that almost 3000 specialists had taken up the advanced training courses from 2003 to 2019. According to a survey of employees of the MSFMIs of two pilot oblasts (Almaty and East Kazakhstan), the average age of an employee is 44.7 years and 79.2% of employees have a work experience of up to 15 years. The main issues and difficulties observed in the work of MSFMIs staff were low wages, lack of modern technique and equipment for forest service, lack of systematic continuing education of employees, poor quality of education, as well as staff turnover, especially foresters, which consequently affects their professional level.

In November 2020, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation began mass immunisation of the personnel with Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), the first Russia vaccine against the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Thus, it became necessary to assess post-vaccination antibody levels and the duration and intensity of humoral immunity to COVID-19.The aim of the study was to investigate the immunogenicity and efficacy of Gam-COVID-Vac in military medical staff after vaccination.Materials and methods: the authors determined the presence of specific antibodies in the serum of individuals immunised with Gam-COVID-Vac (477 volunteers) and COVID-19 convalescents (73 patients), using virus neutralisation (VN), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with reagent kits by several manufacturers, and immunoblotting. The results of the study were evaluated using analysis of variance.Results: VN detected virus neutralising antibodies in 90.7% of vaccinated subjects; ELISA, in 95.4%. Both VN and ELISA showed lower antibody levels in the vaccinated over 50 years of age. ELISA demonstrated a significantly higher concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG in the Gam-COVID-Vac group than in the COVID-19 convalescent group. The correlation between antibody detection results by VN and ELISA was the strongest when the authors used their experimental reagent kit for quantitative detection of virus neutralising antibodies by competitive ELISA with the recombinant human ACE2 receptor. Having analysed the time course of neutralising antibody titres, the authors noted a significant, more than two-fold decrease in geometric means of the titres three months after administration of the second vaccine component.Conclusions: the subjects vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac gain effective humoral immunity to COVID-19. The decrease in titres indicates the need for revaccination in 6 months.

The results of our eight-year study of a population of the rare orchid Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. cruenta at the northern limit of its range (the Komi Republic) are presented. Weather factors (air temperature and precipitations) were revealed to influence features of the small and big life cycles of this species. The number of plants in the studied population was influenced by the weather conditions of the previous growing season, positively by the temperature in August and negatively by frosts in October. The number of generative (flowering) plants had a positive correlation with the air temperature in July of the previous vegetative season. The fruit set was high (71.2%) and negatively associated with precipitation during flowering of this species. The seed number per fruit in the studied population (9,831 pcs on average) was higher than that in the more southern parts of the range of this species. This indicator, as well as the real seed productivity of the species, is positively related to the level of moisture availability of the current growing season. The seed production is high, from 34 thousand to 154.6 thousand seeds per 1 m2 in several study years, it is positively associated with the sum of active temperatures of the previous growing season. The presence of juvenile individuals (10.0–31.7%) over all study years indicates a successful seed reproduction in this population.

4,4'-(Pyridine-3,5-diyl)dibenzoic acid (H

In the article, in the context of the topic of socio-economic development of the territory, the mechanism for introducing a new and promising form of citizens» participation in solving issues of local importance — initiative projects is considered. They involve providing the population of municipalities with the opportunity to develop and put forward for consideration by the authorities their own projects aimed at improving and developing their place of residence. Initiative projects contribute to the strengthening of trusting relations between the population and authorities, their mutually beneficial cooperation, more rational use of budgetary funds, the growth of residents» interest in improving the comfort of the micro-territory, the emergence of new and more effective approaches to solving common pressing issues. The authors consider the legal and organizational foundations for the implementation of initiative projects, give practical examples confirming the importance of real interaction between the authorities and the population in the course of the process under study. The role of the population in shaping the practice of initiative budgeting and the need to introduce new forms of involving citizens in local problems are emphasized. Attention is focused on the relevance of involving residents in a specific management process and increasing the interest of all its participants in the final result of joint activities.

Journal of sustainable metallurgy (2022). doi:10.1007/s40831-022-00583-z, Published by Springer, Berlin ; Heidelberg

Protected areas in the Republic of Mordovia are still poorly studied in relation to bats. Our research of the bat fauna in the National Park “Smolny”, Republic of Mordovia was conducted in 2018‒2020. A total of 573 bats of nine species belonging to the family Vespertilionidae were captured and studied. Nyctalus leisleri and Myotis nattereri were caught here for the first time. Three new sites of two rare bat species were discovered. The list of bats in the National Park “Smolny” currently includes 10 species.

The present work explores two biphenyl-dicarboxylate linkers, 3,3'-dihydroxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-dicarboxylic (H