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Following subcutaneous colloidal gold injection behind the posterior foot pad of the hind limb of the dog, practically all of the Au198 that left the site of injection localized in the popliteal lymph node. If the popliteal lymph node was excised, initially the radioactive gold localized in the site, but by I month lymphatic continuity was re-established and the Au198 localized in the abdominal lymph nodes. Following 2,000 r to the popliteal lymph node with orthovoltage roentgen rays at a usual therapeutic rate, colloidal gold continued to localize in the popliteal lymph node site as in the controls. With 6,000 r, 3 of 4 animals, beginning 2 months following irradiation, showed some Au198 reaching the abdominal lymph nodes. With 10,000 r, the distribution of Au198 was the same as that in the controls, probably because of the marked fibrosis that occurred. Irradiation did not entirely eliminate the localization of colloidal gold in the popliteal lymph node site in any case, and it is postulated that with p...

Recurrence developed in 53 patients with carcinoma of the cervix; all were irradiated initially and on retreatment. Only 1 patient with persistent disease and/or biopsy-proved carcinoma recurrent within six months following initial treatment is alive at three and a half years. Patients with early recurrence responded better to radium or transvaginal cone; none survived five years. Patients with recurrence after five years showed recovery of normal tissues and demonstrate the need for vigorous treatment. High radiation doses are needed in retreatment situations. The high incidence of complications and low salvage rates suggest surgery as an alternative to re-irradiation.

Conclusion1. The distribution and excretion of radioactive hafniurri181 sodium mandelate after its intravenous administration was studied in 17 rats sacrificed at intervals of 1, 2,3,4,8, and 16 days. 2. Seventy to 90% of the total activity was retained in the liver, spleen, the skeletal, muscular, and integumentary (pelt) systems. 3. Specific activities showed the spleen to be highest, followed by the liver, bone, and kidneys. 4. The adrenals, thyroid, pancreas, salivary glands, and testes showed a slight, but appreciable retention. 5. Hafnium in the blood was found chiefly (95 %) in the plasma and remained in appreciable amounts to 4 days. 6. Seven per cent of the total dose was excreted in 16 days with more being eliminated in the urine than in the feces, the urine/feces ratio being 2.4.

Recognition of the existing controversy over the use of oral prostheses in patients treated for malignant tumors of the head and neck led to the formulation of a questionnaire for radiotherapists and prosthodontists. The purpose of the survey was to compare the opinions of two disciplines on the management of the oral cavity after megavoltage therapy. The survey attempts to obtain the opinion of therapeutic radiologists and prosthodontists as to whether or not intraoral prosthesis might increase the incidence of osteoradionecrosis in patients who have received radiotherapy to the oral region. Questions related to response of the oral mucosa to therapeutically administered radiation, as well as questions on the effects of varying absorbed doses, are included. Paterson (10) believed that a necessary consequence of irradiation in malignant tumors of the head and neck was a certain incidence of osteoradionecrosis and that it could only be prevented by inadequate dosage. It is usually accepted that trauma and ...

In a retrospective review of 70 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus treated by external beam irradiation therapy from 1968 to 1977 at the Medical College of Virginia, we correlated survival with race, age, sex, histology, and site of tumor. Results of treatment were also analyzed in relation to the length of the esophagus treated, the total area of the treatment field, and the total tumor dose. From this analysis it appears that radiotherapy has a place in the palliative treatment of esophageal cancer and that palliation is independent of the total volume and dose. There is indication that with higher dosage the survival rate is slightly higher.

FOR SEVERAL decades, attempts have been made to use total-body radiation as a form of cancer therapy. Originally, low-energy x-rays were used, as well as radium, which was administered both as an external and an internal radiation source.1-3Since the invention of the cyclotron, and later, the development of the nuclear reactor, artificial radionuclides have been available for this type of therapy, and the reports of therapeutic applications of the internally administered radionuclides P32, Na24, K42,I131, Au198, and others, are too numerous to list as references. Until fairly recently, there were many limitations to the use of high-energy rays in delivering a uniform dose of total-body radiation. Thirty years ago, Heublein1reported the design and use of a radiation room in which patients were "bathed" with moderately energetic x-rays from a distantly placed radiation therapy unit. Within the past 15 years

The total needs of the patient with oral cancer must be evaluated preoperatively, during, and after treatment. This can best be accomplished by a team of experts skilled in the diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and in the management of the psychologic and of the socio-economic requirements of the patient. One individual must be responsible for the over-all program for the patient. There has been a lack of adequate examinations of the soft tissues, teeth, and bone, and the recording of such data in patients with oral cancer.