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Figure S1. Characteristics of highly metastatic PDAC cells. (A) Suspended cell viability of cancer cells as determined by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay. **P

Table S1. Primers used for quantitative RT-PCR. (DOCX 56 kb)

Figure S2. Expression and prognosis of p-ERK1/2 in PDAC database. (A) ERK1 and (B) ERK2 expression was detected in both cancer and stromal cells in human pancreatic primary tumor. (C, D) Kaplanâ Meier survival analysis of overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with pancreatic cancer by ERK1 and ERK2 mRNA expression. (PDF 262364 kb)

Figure S3. Dual-treatment with SCH772984 and CQ decreased cell viability and induced PSC2 senescence. (A) Microphotograph of PSC2 cells after treatment with indicated agents. Scale bars = 100 μm. (B) Viability of PSCs after treatment with indicated agents. (C) qRT-PCR showed mRNA expression of α-SMA, Collagen Type I, p15 and p16. *P

Figure S4. Pancreatic tumor organoid recapitulates p-ERK1/2 expression of PDAC in vitro and in vivo. (A) Western blot of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 shows increasing p-ERK1/2 level in KPC cancer organoid compared with cancer cells. (B) Scheme of xenograft experiment. Mice were randomly divided into two groups and 5 × 104 cancer cells or organoids were intrasplenic implanted with 5 × 104 PSCs. After 2 weeks, liver metastases were evaluated. (C) H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining show metastatic nodules (D), and expression of α-SMA (E) and p-ERK1/2 (F). (G, H) Combination of indicated dose of SCH772984 improved chemosensitivity of gemcitabine of AsPC-1 and SUIT-2 cells in the PSC-conditioned medium. Columns, mean fold changes of three experiments done in triplicate. (PDF 262364 kb)