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Both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic acid (HVA) and striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding on single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reflect nigrostriatal dopaminergic function, but studies on the relationship between the two have been limited. It is also unknown whether the reported variance in striatal DAT binding among diseases reflects the pathophysiology or characteristics of the subjects. We included 70 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), 12 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 12 with multiple system atrophy, six with corticobasal syndrome, and nine with Alzheimer’s disease as disease control, who underwent both CSF analysis and 123I-N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane (123I-ioflupane) SPECT. We evaluated the correlation between CSF HVA concentration and the specific binding ratio (SBR) of striatal DAT binding. We also compared the SBR for each diagnosis, controlling for CSF HVA concentration. The correlations between the two were significant in patients with PD (r = 0.34, p = 0.004) and PSP (r = 0.77, p = 0.004). The mean SBR value was the lowest in patients with PSP and was significantly lower in patients with PSP than in those with PD (p = 0.037) after adjusting for CSF HVA concentration. Our study demonstrates that striatal DAT binding correlates with CSF HVA concentration in both PD and PSP, and striatal DAT reduction would be more advanced in PSP than in PD at an equivalent dopamine level. Striatal DAT binding may correlate with dopamine levels in the brain. The pathophysiology of each diagnosis may explain this difference.

COVID-19 causes physical and psychological impacts on health care workers (HCWs), especially when it occurs during an outbreak. As there are few reports on outcomes of HCWs infected with COVID-19 during a hospital outbreak, we investigated the physical and psychological impacts on HCWs infected with COVID-19 during an outbreak in our hospital.During the outbreak in our hospital, 231 people were infected with COVID-19 including patients, HCWs and their families. Among them, 83 HCWs were enrolled in this study. Current quality of life (QOL) was assessed with the EuroQol-visual analogue scales (EQ-VAS), and motivation to keep on working was evaluated by a 10-point analogue scale. Physiological recovery rates including return to work (RTW) period were also analyzed.One nurse quit work due to anxiety regarding re-infection with COVID-19. The median period to RTW from the diagnosis was 14.0 (12.0-17.0) days. Motivation to keep on working was slightly reduced, and the EQ-VAS was 75.0 (65.0-83.6). There were no significant differences in QOL and motivation between male and female HCWs, nurses and other HCWs, treatment and non-treatment group, and supplemental and non-supplemental oxygen group. The most frequent persistent symptoms at 1,3 and 6 months after infection were anosmia followed by fatigue.Although QOL and motivation to keep on working were slightly reduced, only one HCW quit work. No severe persistent symptoms were observed, and the RTW period was relatively short.

Background: TMS-007, an SMTP family member, modulates plasminogen conformation and enhances plasminogen-fibrin binding, leading to promotion of endogenous fibrinolysis. Its anti-inflammatory action mediated by soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition contributes to the efficacy. Evidence suggests that TMS-007 can effectively treat experimental thrombotic and embolic strokes with a wide time window while reducing hemorrhagic transformation. Aims: To evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TMS-007 in healthy volunteers. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, dose-escalation study, administered as a single intravenous infusion of TMS-007 in cohorts of healthy male Japanese subjects. There were 6 cohorts planned, but 5 were completed. In each cohort (n = 8), individuals were randomized to receive one of 5 doses of TMS-007 (3, 15, 60, 180, or 360 mg; n = 6) or placebo (n = 2). Results: TMS-007 was generally well-tolerated, and no serious adverse events attributed to the drug. A linear dose-dependency was observed for plasma TMS-007 levels. No symptoms of bleeding were observed in brain MRI analysis, and no bleeding-related responses in laboratory testing were found. The plasma levels of the coagulation factor fibrinogen and the anti-fibrinolysis factor 2-antiplasmin levels were unchanged after the TMS-007 dosing. A slight increase in the plasma level of plasmin-α-antiplasmin complex, an index of plasmin formation, was observed in some subjects who received 360 mg of TMS-007 (≈ 6 mg kg). Conclusions: TMS-007 is generally well-tolerated and exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic profiles that warrant further clinical development.

Here we present a patient with cutaneous eyelid melanoma patient with lacrimal sac metastasis. Clinicopathological findings in this case support the theory that lacrimal fluid can be a metastatic pathway for tumour cells. Dermatologists should be aware of the possibility that cutaneous eyelid melanoma may involve the nasolacrimal system and should examine it during the perioperative period and in postoperative follow-up.

PURPOSE: Patients' values and priorities in their lives should be appreciated from an early phase of incurable diseases such as advanced cancer. However, studies examining these characteristics have been lacking. This study attempted to determine what patients with advanced lung cancer valued most, once they had been diagnosed, and any associated factors. METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer (N = 248) were enrolled in a questionnaire survey conducted at 16 hospitals in Japan. Their priorities were assessed using a free-text response to the question what is the most important thing to you now? at the time of diagnosis and 3 months after diagnosis. The free-text responses were classified into 10 categories for quantification. The clinical characteristics associated with the category describing daily life were further examined. RESULTS: Free-text comments were obtained from 103 (44.0%) and 66 (42.6%) patients at the time of diagnosis and at 3 months, respectively. The most frequent categories were family (at diagnosis: 50.5%; at 3 months: 50.0%) and daily life (at diagnosis: 33.0%; at 3 months: 36.4%), followed by health (at diagnosis: 32.0%; at 3 months: 27.3%) at both time points. The patients mentioning daily life, the issues related to how to spend daily life, showed significantly higher total scores and functional well-being subscale scores on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung scale at both time points and lower depression scores at diagnosis and lower anxiety scores at 3 months on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. CONCLUSION: Family and daily life were highly valued by patients with advanced lung cancer at diagnosis. A better quality of life and better mood were associated with mentioning daily life, which should be taken into account in care planning to maintain patients' involvement in daily life even with incurable diseases.

Intraoperative control of air leaks is important for preventing prolonged air leaks after surgery. The usefulness of suturing free pericardial fat pads (FPFPs) as pledgets for repairing air leaks was investigated.A total of 111 patients who underwent anatomical lung resection and required suture repair for intraoperative air leaks were retrospectively reviewed. Mattress sutures were performed using polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets (PGA group; n = 60) in the early period (April 2014 to March 2018) and FPFPs (FPFP group; n = 51) in the late period (April 2018 to March 2021) as pledgets.More patients had a history of smoking in the FPFP group than in the PGA group. The duration of air leakage was significantly shorter (mean 1.2 vs. 3.5 days, p = 0.002) and prolonged air leakage ( 5 days) was less frequently observed (23.3% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.016) in the FPFP group than in the PGA group. The FPFP group had fewer cases requiring pleurodesis and with recurrent air leaks than in the PGA group. In one case in the FPFP group, fat necrosis with fibrosis and fibrous adhesion to the visceral pleura was found on a pathological examination.Parenchymal repair using FPFPs as pledgets can reduce prolonged air leaks after surgery.

Objectives To determine the effects on sedentary behaviour of an approach that promotes reduction in sedentary behaviour in patients with minor ischaemic stroke after intervention and at follow-up. Design A randomised controlled trial. Setting During hospitalisation and after hospital discharge Subjects In total, 86 patients with minor ischaemic stroke admitted to an acute care hospital were assigned to the intervention (n = 43) and control (n = 43) groups. Intervention An intervention group that received an approach to reduce sedentary behaviour upon hospital admission until 3 months after discharge (education, self-monitoring, phone calls, etc.) and a control group that received the usual care during hospitalisation. From 3 to 6 months after discharge, no group received any intervention. Main Outcome The primary outcome was the change (%) in sedentary behaviour from baseline to post-intervention (3 months after discharge) and follow-up (6 months after discharge). Sedentary behaviour was measured at baseline (upon hospital admission), post-intervention, and at follow-up using accelerometers. Results At the post-intervention stage, the intervention group showed a significantly greater change in sedentary behaviour from baseline than that shown by the control group (sedentary behaviour: intervention group, −22.7%; control group, −14.9%; P = 0.013; effect size = 0.58). At follow-up too, the intervention group showed a significantly greater change in sedentary behaviour from baseline than that shown by the control group (sedentary behaviour: intervention group, −20.4%; control group, −13.6%; P = 0.025; effect size = 0.54). Conclusions An approach to reduce sedentary behaviour in patients with minor ischaemic stroke effectively reduces sedentary behaviour, which is sustained up to follow-up. Trial registration This study is registered at www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index/htm UMIN000038616.

Background: Fulminant myocarditis presentation (FMP) is a rare and severe presentation of myocarditis. The natural history of FMP and its clinical features associated with poor outcomes are incompletely understood because there is a lack of generalizable evidence. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients hospitalized with histologically proven myocarditis who underwent catecholamine or mechanical support from 235 cardiovascular training hospitals across Japan between April 2012 and March 2017. Clinical features and the prognostic predictors of death or heart transplantation within 90 days on the basis of clinical and pathologic findings were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. Results: This study included 344 patients with histologically proven FMP (median age, 54 years; 40% female). The median follow-up was 600 days (interquartile range, 36 to 1599 days) and the cumulative risk of death or heart transplantation at 90 days was 29% (n=98). Results from multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that older age, nonsinus rhythm, low left ventricular wall motion ( Conclusions: The results from analyses of data from this multicenter registry demonstrated that patients with FMP are at a higher risk of death or heart transplantation in real-world settings. These observations inform which clinical and pathologic findings may be useful for prognostication in FMP. Registration: URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr ; Unique identifier: UMIN000039763.

Whereas HbA1c values are low relative to glycemia in patients with hemolytic anemia, including compensatory anemia, low HbA1c levels along with negative results for conventional hemolysis indicators have been reported in patients with latent hemolysis. Conversely, glycated albumin (GA) is a glycemic control indicator unaffected by hemolysis. Erythrocyte creatine (EC) is a hemolysis indicator that reflects the mean age of red blood cells (MTwo patients with latent hemolysis and low HbA1c values relative to glycemia were investigated, while controls comprised 214 patients (including patients with hemolysis and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus). HbA1c was expressed in International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) units (iA1c). GA/iA1c ratios, reticulocyte counts, EC, and MBoth reticulocyte counts and haptoglobin levels were within reference ranges in patients with latent hemolysis. GA/iA1c ratios and EC were higher than reference values in patients with latent hemolysis, and MEC measurement and M

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which consumes endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of delayed gastric emptying among the patients receiving laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, and to explore their clinical features and risk factors.Clinical data were collected for 223 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features and analyzed the incidence of delayed gastric emptying among 223 patients. Delayed gastric emptying was diagnosed by patient's symptoms and the plane radiograph with an air fluid level and dilation of the remnant stomach.Delayed gastric emptying was found in five (2.2%) of the 223 patients. By univariate logistic regression analysis, greater American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) and older age were significantly related to occurrence of delayed gastric emptying. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age was independently significantly related to incident delayed gastric emptying. The area under the curve (AUC) ((95% CI) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.842 (0.561-0.957). The best cutoff for discriminating patients with and without delayed gastric emptying was 80 years (sensitivity 80% and specificity 83%).Our study found the occurrence of delayed gastric emptying is possibly correlated with age. Therefore, careful perioperative observation in elderly patients may possibly be important for possible development of delayed gastric emptying after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.

Functional dyspepsia (FD), one of the functional gastrointestinal disorders, is highly prevalent. Impaired gastric accommodation is proposed as a pathophysiology of FD. In order to assess gastric accommodation, a slow nutrient drinking test was developed. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this slow nutrient drinking test among patients with FD in Japan.Asymptomatic/healthy participants (n = 26) and those with FD (n = 16), were enrolled. An infusion pump was used to deliver the liquid meal into cups. They were requested to score their meal-related and abdominal symptoms at 5-minute intervals, using a 100 mm visual analog scale. They were instructed to end the test when they felt unable to ingest more or until after 50 minutes.The test ending time was significantly shorter in patients with FD than in healthy participants (22.3 ± 10.6 vs 45.0 ± 7.5 minutes, P0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the optimal cutoff time for detecting patients with FD was 30 minutes. The severity of meal-related and abdominal symptoms between healthy participants and those with FD was continuously different. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the presence of symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome contributed to the short test ending time.The 30-minute slow nutrient drinking test is a minimally invasive method of effectively evaluating symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome among patients with FD, in Japan.

SUMMARY We conduct a series of numerical experiments of thermal convection of highly compressible fluids in 2-D cylindrical annulus, in order to study the mantle convection on super-Earths. The variations in thermodynamic properties (thermal expansivity and reference density) with depth are taken to be relevant for the super-Earths with 10 times the Earth’s mass, while those in transport properties (viscosity and thermal conductivity) are modelled by an exponential dependence on temperature and/or depth. From our experiments we identified a distinct regime of convecting flow patterns induced by the interplay between the adiabatic temperature change and the spatial variations in viscosity and thermal conductivity. That is, for the cases with strong temperature-dependent viscosity and large increase in thermal conductivity with depth, a ‘deep stratosphere’ of stable thermal stratification is formed at the base of the mantle, in addition to thick stagnant lids at their top surfaces. In the ‘deep stratosphere’, the fluid motion is insignificant particularly in the vertical direction in spite of smallest viscosity owing to its strong dependence on temperature. From the comparison with the experiments with the Cartesian geometry, we also found that the occurrence of ‘deep stratosphere’ tends to be suppressed for the cases with cylindrical geometry, owing to the reduction of the surface area with depth which helps increase the temperature gradient in the lowermost mantle. Our finding may further imply that both the effects of adiabatic compression and those of spherical (or cylindrical) geometry of mantle are of crucial importance in understanding the mantle dynamics of massive super-Earths in the presence of spatial variations in physical properties.

Purpose: We evaluated the oncological outcomes of bridge to surgery (BTS) using stent compared with surgery alone for obstructive colorectal cancer.Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for stages II to III obstructive colorectal cancer at our institution from January 2009 to March 2020, were registered retrospectively and divided into 43 patients in the BTS group and 65 patients in the surgery alone group. We compared the surgical and oncological outcomes between the 2 groups.Results: Stent-related perforation did not occur. One patient in whom the stent placement was unsuccessful underwent emergency surgery with poor decompression (clinical success rate, 97.7%). The pathological characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. The following surgical outcomes in the BTS group were superior to those in the surgery alone group; nonemergency surgery (P

Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation has been histochemically detected in normal and cancer tissues and cells. Immunohistochemical analyses have provided a more detailed understanding of NE biology and pathology. Pulmonary NE cells are a rare lung epithelial type, and small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) is a high-grade NE tumor. Pulmonary NE and SCLC cells share common mechanisms for NE differentiation. Neural or NE cell lineage-specific transcription factors, such as achaete-scute homologue 1 (Ascl1) and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1), are crucial for the development of pulmonary NE cells, and NE differentiation is influenced by the balance between Ascl1 and the suppressive neural transcription factor, hairy-enhancer of split 1, a representative target molecule of the Notch signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the importance of Ascl1 and INSM1 in identifying pulmonary NE and SCLC cells and introduce Ascl1-related molecules detected by comparative RNA-sequence analyses. The molecular classification of SCLC based on the expression of lineage-specific transcription or co-transcription factors, including ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1, was recently proposed. We attempted to characterize these 4 SCLC subtypes using integrated immunohistochemical studies, which will provide insights into the molecular characteristics of these subtypes and clarify the inter- and intratumor heterogeneities of SCLC.

Diagnosis of fetal growth restriction (FGR) entails difficulties with differentiating fetuses not fulfilling their growth potential because of pathologic conditions, such as placental insufficiency, from constitutionally small fetuses. The feasibility of placental MRI for risk stratification among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR remains unexplored.To explore quantitative MRI features useful to identify pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes and to assess the diagnostic performance of visual analysis of MRI to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes, among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR.Retrospective.Thirteen pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes (preterm emergency cesarean section or intrauterine fetal death) and 11 pregnancies with favorable outcomes performed MRI at gestational weeks 21-36.A 5-T, half-Fourier-acquired single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE), spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) and T2 map derived from SE-EPI.Placental size on HASTE sequences and T2 mapping-based histogram features were extracted. Three radiologists qualitatively evaluated the visibility of maternal cotyledon on HASTE and SE-EPI sequences with echo times (TEs) = 60, 90, and 120 msec using 3-point Likert scales: 0, absent; 1, equivocal; and 2, present.Welch's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test for quantitative features between the favorable and unfavorable outcome groups. Areas under the receiver operating curves (AUCs) of the three readers' visual analyses to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes. A P value of0.05 was inferred as statistically significant.Placental size (major and minor axis, estimated area of placental bed, and volume of placenta) and T2 mapping-based histogram features (mean, skewness, and kurtosis) were statistically significantly different between the two groups. Visual analysis of HASTE and SE-EPI with TE = 60 msec showed AUCs of 0.80-0.86 to detect pregnancies with unfavorable outcomes.Placental size, histogram features, and visual analysis of placental MRI may allow for risk stratification regarding outcomes among pregnancies diagnosed with FGR.3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.

In recent years, terrorist attacks have been spreading worldwide and become a public hazard to human society. The suspicious object detection system is an effective way to prevent terrorist attacks in public places. However, traditional systems face two main challenges: First, they need to conduct security checks at the entrance one by one, which leads to crowding; second, they rely heavily on screeners’ ability to understand security images, which can easily lead to misjudgment. To address these issues, we propose an AI-based W-band suspicious object detection system for moving persons that can perform a two-stage walkthrough screening for suspicious objects in an open area to maintain high throughput. The 1st screening uses millimeter wave radar and cameras to automatically screen suspects who may have concealed suspicious objects in an open area. The 2nd screening involves security personnel using a hybrid imager with active and passive imaging capabilities to identify the specific suspicious objects carried by the suspect. Convolutional neural network (CNN) based artificial intelligence (AI) technology will be used to improve the accuracy and speed of suspicious object detection. We performed an experiment to validate the proposed system. The usability and safety of the system are demonstrated by recognition rate (aka accuracy rate) or both recall and precision rate. In addition, in the process of improving the suspicious object recognition rate by AI techniques, we use generative adversarial network to help build a suspicious object database and successfully validate the effectiveness of the method and the factors affecting the suspicious object recognition rate to optimize the system.

Aim Improving cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been regarded as a novel target for preventing cardiovascular disease. HDL reportedly has antioxidant properties which may contribute to its functions. We investigated changes in CEC with intake of the Japan Diet (JD) recommended by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society and the relationship of these changes to serum antioxidant concentrations. Methods A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial on JD intake was performed in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia. Ninety-eight participants were randomly divided into the JD (n=49) or the partial JD (PJD) (n=49) group. Nutrition education, based on each diet at baseline and at 3 months, was provided and the participants were followed up for 6 months. Results Mean CEC was 1.05 in total and correlated positively with HDL-cholesterol (p＜0.001) at baseline. CEC did not change while oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was decreased in both groups (p＜0.001). Although serum total carotenoid increased in both groups, serum α-tocopherol decreased in the JD group as compared to the PJD group (p＜0.05). CEC correlated positively with HDL ORAC at baseline (p=0.021) and with serum total carotenoid at 3 and 6 months (p=0.005, 0.035). Changes in CEC correlated positively with changes in HDL ORAC at 3 months and serum total tocopherol at 3 and 6 months (p＜0.001). Conclusion CEC was not changed by JD education in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia who already had normal CEC at baseline. CEC was suggested to be positively associated with serum α- and γ-tocopherol and HDL ORAC.

Background Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma is a rare pulmonary neoplasm, which occasionally presents with severe symptoms such as pneumothorax or hemothorax, and shows favorable outcomes following surgical resection. It presents as solitary or multiple cystic lesions and requires differentiation from cystic malignancies, lymphangiomyomatosis, and cystic adenomatoid malformation. Case presentation We encountered a 46-year-old woman with mesenchymal cystic hamartoma mimicking simple pulmonary aspergilloma on diagnostic imaging. Chest computed tomography showed a cystic lesion 1.6 cm in diameter, with an intracavitary nodule. Surgical resection proved neither fungus nor malignancy, and the final pathological diagnosis of mesenchymal cystic hamartoma was made. Conclusions Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma might show aspergilloma-like features on diagnostic imaging, in addition to the differential diagnosis of lung cancer.

We studied the spatiotemporal variations in 134Cs, 137Cs, and 228Ra concentrations at the sea surface off southeastern Hokkaido, Japan (off-Doto region) from 2018 to 2022 using low-background γ-spectrometry. The 134Cs concentrations in the off-Doto region, decay-corrected to the date of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, exhibited wide lateral variation each year (e.g., 0.7–1.1 mBq/L in 2020). By studying the 228Ra concentrations and salinity, this variation was explained based on the current mixing patterns. Furthermore, the 134Cs concentrations in the waters highly affected by the Oyashio Current (OYC) gradually increased from 2018 to 2020, and subsequently decreased in 2022. This implies that the water mass maximally contaminated with 134Cs was transported back to the side of the Japanese islands 10 years after the FDNPP accident along with counter-clockwise currents (e.g., the OYC) in the northern North Pacific Ocean. The 134Cs concentrations in the OYC-affected waters in the off-Doto region in 2020 were ~ 1/6 times those in the 134Cs-enriched core of waters off the western American Coast in 2015, which can be ascribed to dilution via spatial dispersion during subarctic current circulation. Overall, we elucidated the ocean-scale subarctic current systems in the northwestern North Pacific Ocean, including water circulation timespans.

Narrowing the emission peak width and adjusting the peak position play a key role in the chromaticity and color accuracy of display devices with the use of quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs). In this study, we developed multinary Cu–In–Ga–S (CIGS) QDs showing a narrow photoluminescence (PL) peak by controlling the Cu fraction, i.e., Cu/(In+Ga), and the ratio of In to Ga composing the QDs. The energy gap of CIGS QDs was enlarged from 1.74 to 2.77 eV with a decrease in the In/(In+Ga) ratio from 1.0 to 0. The PL intensity was remarkably dependent on the Cu fraction, and the PL peak width was dependent on the In/(In+Ga) ratio. The sharpest PL peak at 668 nm with a full width at half maximum (fwhm) of 0.23 eV was obtained for CIGS QDs prepared with ratios of Cu/(In+Ga) = 0.3 and In/(In+Ga) = 0.7, being much narrower than those previously reported with CIGS QDs, fwhm of >0.4 eV. The PL quantum yield of CIGS QDs, 8.3%, was increased to 27% and 46% without a PL peak broadening by surface coating with GaSx and Ga–Zn–S shells, respectively. Considering a large Stokes shift of >0.5 eV and the predominant PL decay component of ∼200–400 ns, the narrow PL peak was assignable to the emission from intragap states. QD-LEDs fabricated with CIGS QDs surface-coated with GaSx shells showed a red color with a narrow emission peak at 688 nm with a fwhm of 0.24 eV.

In this article, we developed an interview framework and natural language processing model for estimating cognitive function, based on an intake interview with psychologists in a hospital setting. The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions in five categories. To evaluate the developed interview items and the accuracy of the natural language processing model, we recruited participants with the approval of the University of Tokyo Hospital and obtained the cooperation of 29 participants (7 men and 22 women) aged 72–91 years. Based on the MMSE results, a multilevel classification model was created to classify the three groups, and a binary classification model to sort the two groups. For each of these models, we tested whether the accuracy would improve when text augmentation was performed. The accuracy in the multi-level classification results for the test data was 0.405 without augmentation and 0.991 with augmentation. The accuracy of the test data in the results of the binary classification without augmentation was 0.488 for the moderate dementia and mild dementia groups, 0.767 for the moderate dementia and MCI groups, and 0.700 for the mild dementia and MCI groups. In contrast, the accuracy of the test data in the augmented binary classification results was 0.972 for moderate dementia and mild dementia groups, 0.996 for moderate dementia and MCI groups, and 0.985 for mild dementia and MCI groups.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most frequent of the rare salivary gland malignancies. We previously reported high expression of Mucin 1 (MUC1) modified with sialylated core-2 O-glycans in MEC by using tissue homogenates. In this study, we characterised glycan structures of MEC and identified the localisation of cells expressing these distinctive glycans on MUC1. Mucins were extracted from the frozen tissues of three patients with MEC, and normal salivary glands (NSGs) were extracted from seven patients, separated by supported molecular matrix electrophoresis (SMME) and the membranes stained with various lectins. In addition, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from three patients with MEC were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) with various monoclonal antibodies and analysed for C2GnT-1 expression by in situ hybridisation (ISH). Lectin blotting of the SMME membranes revealed that glycans on MUC1 from MEC samples contained α2,3-linked sialic acid. In IHC, MUC1 was diffusely detected at MEC-affected regions but was specifically detected at apical membranes in NSGs. ISH showed that C2GnT-1 was expressed at the MUC1-positive in MEC-affected regions but not in the NSG. Conclusion: MEC cells produced MUC1 modified with α2,3-linked sialic acid-containing core 2 O-glycans. MUC1 containing these glycans deserves further study as a new potential diagnostic marker of MEC. (200 words)

Supplementary Table 4. Expression of AhR mRNA in various breast cancer cell lines.

Supplementary Figure 4. Induction of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 gene expression by NK150460.

Supplementary Figure 3. Induction of gene expression via XREs by NK150460 or aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists.

Supplementary Table 1. Growth inhibitory activities of NK150460 and tamoxifen against various cancer cell lines.

Supplementary Figures Legends. Legends for Supplementary Figures

Supplementary Figure 5. Growth-inhibitory activity of NK150460 in CYP1A1-overexpressing HEK293 cells was not affected by AhR.

Supplementary Table 3. Analysis of gene expression with microarray in NK150460 treated breast cancer cell lines.