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Recursive list decoding of Reed-Muller (RM) codes, with moderate list size, is known to approach maximum-likelihood (ML) performance of short length $(\leq 256)$ RM codes. Recursive decoding employs the Plotkin construction to split the original code into two shorter RM codes with different rates. In contrast to the standard approach which decodes the lower-rate code first, the method in this paper decodes the higher-rate code first. This modification enables an efficient permutation-based decoding technique, with permutations being selected on the fly from the automorphism group of the code using soft information from a channel. Simulation results show that the error-rate performance of the proposed algorithms, enhanced by a permutation selection technique, is close to that of the automorphism-based recursive decoding algorithm with similar complexity for short RM codes, while our decoders perform better for longer RM codes. In particular, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithms achieve near-ML performance for short RM codes and for RM codes of length $2^m$ and order $m - 3$ with reasonable complexity., Comment: Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. This paper has been presented in part at the 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

This work suggests that, in the presence of a magnetic field, the size and magnetization of ultrasmall superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles play dominant roles in tumor penetration.

We describe a clinical case of 37 y.o. woman with anteroseptal accessory pathway associated with left ventricular dyssynchrony and ejection fraction reduction. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and phenomenon diagnostic criteria are discussed.

The aim of the study was to improve clinical outcomes of oral mucosa cancer in case of surgical treatment failure.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined radiation treatment of a patient with oral floor mucosa cancer St III T3N1M0 was presented. Pathogistological diagnosis # xxxxxx was: highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. A treatment plan was developed. Chemoradiotherapy at the first stage included 3 courses of intra-arterial chemotherapy (Selective (superselective) embolization (chemoembolization) of tumor vessels in the basin of the left and right facial and left lingual arteries, cisplatin 150 mg, combined with a daily infusion of 5-fluorouracil 4000 mg), with an interval 21 day. Chemoradiotherapy at the second stage included volume modulated arc therapy (VMAT) on the area of ​​the primary tumor (oral floor mucosa) and the regional metastasis pathways (total boost dose 60 Gy to the area of ​​regional lymph flow, otal boost dose 50 Gy to the oral cavity). Chemoradiotherapy at stage 3 included interstitial radiation therapy. A single boost dose (SBD) for the primary focus was 3 Gy/per fraction, 2 times a day, with an interval of 6 hours until total boost dose reached 21 Gy, 7 fractions.Results. After treatment, a complete regression of the tumor was noted. No pathological accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals, features of the tumor process was detected on PET/CT 48 months after treatment.Conclusions. Chemoradiotherapy combined with brachytherapy can be considered as an equal alternative to surgical treatment of patients with oral mucosa cancer.

The article presents an analysis of the use of distance learning technologies in school education. It is shown that the effectiveness of distance learning technologies and the attitude towards its use on the part of the participants in the educational process significantly depends on the general level of readiness of the material, technical, methodological and organizational base of the educational institution to use digital learning materials and online services. The negative consequences of the use of distance learning technologies, which can affect the quality of education, are analyzed. Possible areas of work in terms of the development of information technologies related to improving the efficiency of e-learning are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that the digital educational environment of the school should help the teacher to perform various functions (help in the process of solving educational problems, monitor the educational achievements of students, recommend the optimal educational impact). Attention is paid to the psychological aspect of the use of e-learning.

The article deals with the issue of mastering end-to-end digital technologies by schoolchildren. The authors analyze all existing approaches in teaching schoolchildren programming of robotic devices. The expediency of applying existing approaches in teaching programming to schoolchildren is substantiated and the most effective of them is revealed. The purpose of the article is to present and justify the most effective approach in teaching schoolchildren programming of robotic devices in the context of personalization of schoolchildren’s educational trajectories. Research methodology and methods. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of the results of experimental work to identify the most effective approach in teaching schoolchildren to program robotic devices in the context of personalization of schoolchildren’s educational trajectories. Research results, discussion. Comparative and comparative analysis of the results of experimental work to identify the most effective approach in teaching schoolchildren to program robotic devices in the context of personalization of schoolchildren’s educational trajectories. Conclusion. The prospects of the obtained presented data are associated with solving the problem of increasing the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies in the context of personalizing the educational trajectories of schoolchildren. For teachers of schools, centers of additional education working in a digital educational environment, it is necessary to take into account in their work special conditions and principles to increase the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies.

Purpose. To identify predictors of ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence after endo-epicardial ablation in patients with structural heart disease.Methods. A prospective observational study included 39 patients with structural heart disease and indications for catheter ablation of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Endo- and epicardial electroanatomical mapping of the ventricular myocardium and ablation of abnormal electrical activity areas were performed. Clinical, ECG characteristics, and voltage maps of bipolar potentials (limits of scar detection 1.5 mV) and unipolar signals (limits 9.0 mV, respectively) on endo- and epicardial surfaces were evaluated. Intraprocedurally, the procedure was considered effective when no VT was inducible; partially effective - when only clinical VT(s) was/were non-inducible. Scheduled patient visits or remote monitoring were performed at 6, 12 and 24 months, and then annually.Results. The mean age of the patients was 49.5±15.7 years (34 men and 5 women). VT recurrences at 6 months were more often detected in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, in subjects with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (42.9% vs. 7.4%), with a lower VT-QRS amplitude in lead III (0.6 [0.4;1.07] versus 1.28 [0.99; 1.53] mV), and when epicardial “scar” area prevailed over endocardial, PConclusion. In a heterogeneous group of patients, clinical and electrophysiological factors associated with VT recurrence have been identified at various follow-up periods after endo-epicardial ablation. Electrical storm ablation is an independent predictor of VT recurrence in the long-term, up to 5 years of follow-up.

How to reach consensus on an average value in a dynamic crowd without revealing identity? In this work, we study the problem of Average Network Consensus in Anonymous Dynamic Networks (ADN). Network dynamicity is specified by the sequence of topology-graph isoperimetric numbers occurring over time, which we call the isoperimetric dynamicity of the network. The consensus variable is the average of values initially held by nodes, which is customary in the Network-consensus literature. Given that having an algorithm to compute the average one can compute the network size (i.e. the Counting problem) and viceversa, we further focus on the latter. We present a deterministic distributed Average Network Consensus algorithm for ADNs that we call isoperimetric Scalable Coordinated Anonymous Local Aggregation (iSCALA), and we analyze its performance for different scenarios, including worst-case (adversarial) and stochastic dynamic topologies. Our solution utilizes Supervisor nodes, which have been shown to be necessary for computations in ADNs. The algorithm uses the isoperimetric dynamicity of the network as an input, meaning that only the isoperimetric number parameters (or their lower bound) must be given, but topologies may occur arbitrarily or stochastically as long as they comply with those parameters. Previous work for adversarial ADNs overestimates the running time to deal with worst-case scenarios. For ADNs with given isoperimetric dynamicity, our analysis shows improved performance for some practical dynamic topologies, with cubic time or better for stochastic ADNs, and our experimental evaluation indicates that our theoretical bounds could not be substantially improved for some models of Dynamic Networks.

The experiments were carried out in 2018–2021 on ordinary chernozem in the conditions of the Rostov region. The winter barley variety Master was cultivated. The predecessor is corn for grain. Mineral fertilizers included ammonium nitrate (34.4%), ammophos (12-52), nitroammophos (16-16-16). Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers (a fertilizer mixture of ammonium nitrate and ammophos) and nitroammophoska (16-16-16) were applied when sowing barley, ammonium nitrate was applied by a surface method randomly in the spring tillering phase. Bacterial preparations contain strains of associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms: Mizorin, Rizoagrin, Extrasol. They were applied to barley seeds in the pre-sowing period. It has been established that the use of the bacterial preparation Mizorin (600 g/ha) against the background of pre-sowing application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer at a dose of N30P30, nitrogen top dressing with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 30 kg/a.i. ha increased the increase in grain yield on average over three years compared with the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) by 0.71 t/ha, or 14.4%. The application of the biological preparation Mizorin without mineral fertilizers increased the yield by 0.31 t/ha, or 6.3%, compared to the control variant. In 2019–2021, the average protein content in the grain of winter barley in the control variant was 10.7%, which ensured the collection of protein 525 kg/ha. Against the background of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers at a dose of N30P30 and nitrogen supplementation at a dose of 30 kg/ha, the maximum increase in protein content was in the variant using Mizorin, which was 1.1% compared to the control variant, while the protein yield in the crop increased by 138 kg/ha, or by 26.3%.

Although deep learning-based methods have dominated stereo matching leaderboards by yielding unprecedented disparity accuracy, their inference time is typically slow, i.e., less than 4 FPS for a pair of 540p images. The main reason is that the leading methods employ time-consuming 3D convolutions applied to a 4D feature volume. A common way to speed up the computation is to downsample the feature volume, but this loses high-frequency details. To overcome these challenges, we propose a displacement-invariant cost computation module to compute the matching costs without needing a 4D feature volume. Rather, costs are computed by applying the same 2D convolution network on each disparity-shifted feature map pair independently. Unlike previous 2D convolution-based methods that simply perform context mapping between inputs and disparity maps, our proposed approach learns to match features between the two images. We also propose an entropy-based refinement strategy to refine the computed disparity map, which further improves the speed by avoiding the need to compute a second disparity map on the right image. Extensive experiments on standard datasets (SceneFlow, KITTI, ETH3D, and Middlebury) demonstrate that our method achieves competitive accuracy with much less inference time. On typical image sizes (e.g., $$540\times 960$$ 540 × 960 ), our method processes over 100 FPS on a desktop GPU, making our method suitable for time-critical applications such as autonomous driving. We also show that our approach generalizes well to unseen datasets, outperforming 4D-volumetric methods. We will release the source code to ensure the reproducibility.

The article discusses the issue of mastering end-to-end digital technologies by schoolchildren. The authors analyze the conditions for personalizing the educational trajectories of schoolchildren, which are necessary for mastering end-to-end digital technologies. All elements of the model for increasing the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies are considered: the didactic goal, the content of training, methods and forms of organizing the educational process. The purpose of the article is to present the model developed by the authors for increasing the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies in the context of personalizing the educational trajectories of schoolchildren, to prove its effectiveness. Research methodology and methods. The research methodology is based on a comparative and comparative analysis of the results of experimental work on the implementation of the model in the educational process of an educational organization. Research results, discussion. Comparative analysis of the results of experimental work on the implementation of the model in the educational process of an educational organization showed a significant increase in the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies after the introduction of the model into the educational process of an educational organization. Conclusion. The prospects of the obtained presented data are associated with solving the problem of increasing the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies in the context of personalizing the educational trajectories of schoolchildren. For teachers of schools, centers of additional education working in a digital educational environment, it is necessary to take into account in their work special conditions and principles to increase the level of proficiency in end-to-end digital technologies.

Experiments with armoured vest on mongrel dogs and mini-pigs showed that the most significant indices of contusion trauma is the volume of injury. When the shock impulse affects the cardiac zone the inner organs injuries are distributed in the following way: right lung - 29%o, right lung + liver - 29%o, left lung + liver -14%o, right lung + heart - 14%o, heart + liver - 14%o, and cardiorrhexis occurs only in 32%o of cases. When the shock impulse is aimed at the pulmonary zone the isolated liver injury is observed in 54%o and combined injury of the right lung and liver in 46% of cases. The severity of the contusion trauma resulting in liver and spleen injuries may be of different degree. In such cases the outcome depends on the type and severity of these organs injury and inner bleeding may be asymptomatic for a long time. The results of our study show that even the first 6 hours after the spleen injury the volume of blood within the abdomen could be from 500 to 1000 ml. At the same time the ruptures and fissures of the hepatic capsule do not result in such massive hemorrhage.

Parathyasira coani sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B88594C5-63A1-4111-909B-D2359BB41965 Figs 2–6, Table 1 Parathyasira sp. 2 – Kamenev 2015: 191. Parathyasira sp. – Kamenev 2019: 6. Diagnosis Shell medium in size (to 7.5 mm in length), obliquely-rhomboidal, slightly drawn out anteriorly. Sculpture of closely spaced commarginal riblets and weak undulations. Second posterior fold weak. Posterior sulcus weak. Escutcheon long, deep. Lunule long, flat, weakly defined. Ligament well visible externally, long. Prodissoconch large (to 250 µm) with 5 lamellated folds. Lateral body pouches large, extensively lobed. Foot distally bulbous; bulbous portion not divided into two distinct parts; heel absent. Etymology The species epithet honors Dr Eugene V. Coan, a well-known researcher of eastern Pacific bivalves who made an enormous contribution to the study of the bivalve fauna of the Pacific Ocean. Material examined Holotype PACIFIC OCEAN • abyssal plain adjacent to the southern part of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench; 39°43.80′ N, 147°10.16′ E –39°42.49′ N, 147°09.37′ E; depth 5224– 5215 m; 1 Sep. 2012; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 12-4; MIMB 43813. Paratypes PACIFIC OCEAN • 2 specs; same locality as for holotype; 40°13.26′ N, 148°06.24′ E –40°12.37′ N, 148°05.43′ E; depth 5348–5350 m; epibenthic sledge; 30 Aug. 2012; A. Brandt leg.; RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 11-9; SMF 367801 • 1 spec.; same collection data as for preceding; MIMB 43814 • 1 spec.; same locality as for holotype; 40°13.10′ N, 148°06.45′ E –40°12.10′ N, 148°06.45′ E; depth 5351– 5348 m; 31 Aug. 2012; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 11-12; MIMB 43815. Other material RUSSIA – oceanic slope of the Kamchatka Peninsula • 2 specs; 53°05.4′ N, 161°55.2′ E –53°07′ N, 161°56.1′ E; depth 4890–4984 m; 10 Aug. 1990; L.I. Moskalev and S.V. Galkin leg.; Sigsbee trawl; RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 22, stn. 2323; IORAS OBF collection Cat. BIV00044. PACIFIC OCEAN – abyssal plain adjacent to the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench • 7 specs; 41°16′ N, 147°27.7′ E; depth 5210 m; 20 Aug. 1954; P.L. Bezrukov leg.; Okean grab (0.25 m 2); RV Vityaz, cruise no. 19, stn. 3102; IORAS OBF collection Cat. BIV00043 • 6 specs; same locality as for preceding; 40°13.26′ N, 148°06.24′E –40°12.37′ N, 148°05.43′ E; depth 5348–5350 m; 30 Aug. 2012; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 11-9; MIMB 43816 • 2 specs; same locality as for preceding; 40°13.33′ N, 148°06.48′ E –40°12.53′ N, 148°05.76′ E; depth 5348– 5347 m; 30 Aug. 2012; K.V. Minin leg.;Agassiz trawl, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 11-10; MIMB 43817 • 5 specs; same locality as for preceding; 40°13.10′ N, 148°06.45′ E –40°12.10′ N, 148°05.53′ E; depth 5351– 5348 m; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 11-12; 31 Aug. 2012; A. Brandt leg.; MIMB 43818 • 13 specs; same locality as for preceding; 39°43.80′ N, 147°10.16′ E –39°42.49′ N, 147°09.37′ E; depth 5224– 5215 m; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 12-4; 1 Sep. 2012; MIMB 43819 • 1 spec.; same locality as for preceding; 39°43.47′ N, 147°10.11′ E –39°42.54′ N, 147°09.51′ E; depth 5229– 5217 m; 1 Sep. 2012; K.V. Minin leg.; Agassiz trawl, RV Sonne, cruise no. 223, stn. 12-5; MIMB 43820. – Kuril-Kamchatka Trench • 1 spec.; 45°56.587′ N, 152°54.251′ E –45°56.570′ N, 152°54.499′ E; depth 6204– 6202 m; 26 Aug. 2016; K.V. Minin leg.; Agassiz trawl, RV Sonne, cruise no. 250, stn. 29; MIMB 43821 • 1 spec.; same locality as for preceding; 45°56.821′ N, 152°51.185′ E –45°56.834′ N, 152°50.943′ E; depth 6168– 6164 m; 27 Aug. 2016; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Sonne, cruise no. 250, stn. 30; MIMB 43822. Description SHELL. Medium in size (to 7.5 mm in length and 7.3 mm in height). Obliquely-rhomboidal, equivalve, subequilateral, white, thick, inflated (W/L= 0.56 ±0.06), almost as long as high (H/L=1.01 ± 0.03), slightly drawn out anteriorly; patches of silty and ferruginous deposit adhering to anterodorsal and posterodorsal shell margins (Fig.2, Table1). Periostracum thin, colorless, adherent.Dissoconch sculptured with closely spaced, thin, smoothed, commarginal riblets and weak, wide, irregular undulations. Microsculpture of small, densely spaced, wrinkles (Fig. 3C–D). Beaks small, raised, pointed, prosogyrate, anterior to midline (A/L= 0.40 ±0.02) (Table 1). Anterodorsal shell margin long, slightly concave, sometimes straight, gently sloping from beaks, forming a rounded angle at transition to anterior margin. Anterior margin strongly curved, smoothly transitioning to ventral margin. Ventral margin strongly curved, sometimes slightly angulate. Posterodorsal margin long, convex, steeply sloping from beaks, forming distinct angle at transition to posterior margin. Posterior margin straight, sometimes slightly concave, smoothly transitioning to ventral margin. First posterior fold absent. Second posterior fold weak. Posterior sulcus weak and shallow. Escutcheon long (EL/L=0.62 ± 0.03), narrow, deep (Figs 2C– D, 4A–D, Table 1). Auricle absent. Lunule long (LL/L= 0.39 ±0.04), wide, flat, demarcated by weak, rounded ridges (Figs 2C–D, 4A–B, E, Table 1). Ligament opisthodetic, visible externally for more than a half of its total length, thick, evenly curved, long, three-fourths the length of escutcheon, lying in shallow, slightly curved, wide groove at surface of hinge plate (Figs 2C, 3F, J, 4A, C–D). Prodissoconch large (length 235–250 µm), ovate in outline, with 5 thin, lamellated folds, extending from high and sharp apex, located in midline of prodissoconch (Figs 3H, 4F). Hinge plate thick, edentulous, with numerous, shallow pits (to 20 µm) under beaks (Fig. 3F–G, J–K). Muscle scars indistinct. GROSS ANATOMY. Mantle edge thick, no obvious proliferation of glandular tissue on its anterior inner edge. Mantle fused posteriorly forming small exhalant aperture below posterior adductor muscle (Fig. 5A–C). Anterior adductor muscle elongate (Fig. 5J). Posterior adductor muscle small, ovate, 2 × as short and as narrow as anterior adductor muscle. Ctenidium wide, consisting of two demibranchs with fully reflected filaments (up to 80 filaments in specimen 7.5 mm in length); outer demibranch approximately half the size of inner demibranch. Demibranchs covering greater part of lateral body pouches (Fig. 5A–B). Labial palps relatively large (to 0.9 mm length) (Fig. 5F). Lateral body pouches large, extensively lobed; each lobe is a short and thick process; each pouch connecting to body by a rounded neck (Fig. 5B, E). Kidneys large, dorsoventrally elongated along posterodorsal shell margin, with numerous, red-brown or yellow, small (to 30 µm in diameter), different-size granules (Fig. 5G). Alimentary system with short oesophagus leading to a relatively large, elongate stomach; combined style sac and midgut strongly curved; hind gut forming anterior, deep, narrow loop producing rounded distinct angle, passing through heart and running posteriorly dorsal to kidney and posterior adductor muscle, opening at ventral side of posterior adductor muscle (Fig. 5H–J). Foot long, vermiform, distally bulbous, with muscular ring at junction with visceral mass. Bulbous portion not divided into two distinct parts; surface with numerous wrinkles; heel absent (Fig. 5B, D). Anterior and posterior pedal retractors wide, short, well developed. Variability In small specimens (up to 3 mm in shell length) the shell is relatively low, angular, with a strongly curved and anteriorly drawn-out ventral margin; the anterodorsal and posterodorsal margins gently sloping from beaks; the anterodorsal margin is concave (Fig. 2J). The shell shape and proportions, the length of the lunule and escutcheon, the degree of bending of shell margins vary among larger specimens (Fig. 2A–I, Table 1). Some of large specimens have a shell rather elongated dorsoventrally (Fig. 2I). Distribution and habitat Oceanic slope of the Kamchatka Peninsula (53°05.4′ N, 161°55.2′ E – 53°07′ N, 161°56.1′ E), 4890– 4984 m depth, abyssal plain adjacent to the southern part of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (39°42.49′ N, 147°09.37′ E – 41°16′ N, 147°27.7′ E), 5210–5351 m depth (bottom temperature (6–8 m above bottom) 1.5–1.6 °C, salinity 34.7‰, oxygen 7.71–7.72 ml. l−1) (Brandt et al. 2015), and in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (45°56.570′ N, 152°51.185′ E – 45°56.834′ N, 152°50.943′ E), 6164–6204 m depth (Fig. 6). Differential diagnosis The genus Parathyasira currently includes 14 species (WoRMS Editorial Board 2022), among which 6 species (P. resupina Iredale, 1930, P. neozelanica Iredale, 1930, P. verconis (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938), P. granulosa (Monterosato, 1874), P. subcircularis (Payne & Allen, 1991), and P. bamberi P.G. Oliver, 2015) have a shell microsculpture consisting of calcareous spines arranged in dense radial rows (Oliver 2015). The new species described herein lacks this microsculpture. Parathyasira coani sp. nov. differs from most of other species of Parathyasira by having an anteriorly drawn-out shell, a flat, a nonexcavated lunule, and a large prodissoconch with sculpture of lamellated folds (Table 2). The new species is most similar to Parathyasira biscayensis (Payne & Allen, 1991) described from two specimens found in the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean) (4720 m) (Payne & Allen 1991) (Fig. 7A– C). However, in contrast to P. biscayensis, P. coani sp. nov. has only about half as many filaments in the gills, compared to almost similar-sized specimens of the former species, up to 80 (specimen 7.5 mm in length) vs 150 (specimen 8.2 mm in length), respectively, and a longer ligament. Moreover, in P. biscayensis the lunule is medially elevated, while in P. coani the lunule is flat. Parathyasira coani is similar to Parathyasira fragilis Kamenev, 2020 from which it differs in having a thick, opaque and white shell, a long and thick ligament, the greater part of which is well visible externally, the foot with a bulbous distal portion not differentiated into two parts, and a different sculpture of the prodissoconch (Table 2). Parathyasira coani is also similar to Parathyasira dearborni (Nicol, 1965) in shell shape and ratios, as well as in the shape of the lunule and escutcheon, but differs by lacking microscopic irregular corrugations and pustules on the shell and a second siphonal opening, by having a larger (more than 2 ×) prodissoconch with a different sculpture (Table 2), and the lateral body pouches with a greater number of folds. Remarks To date, the benthic fauna of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench is the most studied one, compared to other oceanic trenches (Belyaev 1989; Brandt et al. 2019, 2020), and the largest number of macrofaunal samples were collected with various sampling gears in its hadal zone. As a result of studying the entire material of bivalves collected in this trench (Kamenev 2019), P. coani sp. nov. was recorded only in two samples collected from the uppermost part of the trench slope at a depth of more than 6000 m. Outside of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, P. coani was found in many samples from the abyssal zone at depths less than 6000 m. Therefore, this species is probably a predominantly abyssal one and depths of slightly more than 6000 m are the lower limit of its vertical distribution. Apart from P. coani, seven bivalve species have a similar vertical distribution in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area (Kamenev 2019). As shown in the example of distribution of many macrofaunal species, depths of 6000–7000 m are a zone of transition between abyssal and hadal faunas and are the lower and upper boundaries of the vertical distribution of many abyssal and hadal macrofauna species, respectively (Belyaev 1989; Jamieson 2015; Kamenev 2019; Kamenev et al. 2022)., Published as part of Kamenev, Gennady M., 2023, Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, pp. 87-119 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 on pages 90-101, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2031, http://zenodo.org/record/7569595, {"references":["Kamenev G. M. 2015. Composition and distribution of bivalves of the abyssal plain adjacent to the KurilKamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean). Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 111: 188 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.08.005","Kamenev G. M. 2019. Bivalve mollusks of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, Northwest Pacific Ocean: species composition, distribution and taxonomic remarks. Progress in Oceanography 176: 102127. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pocean. 2019.102127","Kamenev G. M. 2020. Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the abyssal plain of the northwestern Pacific Ocean and hadal depths of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. PeerJ 8: e 10405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 10405","Dall W. H. 1901. Synopsis of the lucinacea and of the American species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 23: 779 - 833. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.23 - 1237.779","Zelaya D. G. 2009. The genera Thyasira and Parathyasira in the Magellan region and adjacent Antarctic waters (Bivalvia: Thyasiridae). Malacologia 51: 271 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.4002 / 040.051.0204","Nicol D. 1965. A new Thyasira (Pelecypoda) from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. 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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B 334 (1272): 481 - 562. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstb. 1991.0128","Smith E. A., Thomson C. W. & Murray J. 1885. Report on the Lamellibranchiata collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. In: Thomson C. W. & Murray J. (eds) Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 18730 - 76 Under the Command of Captain George S. Nares and Captain Frank Tourle Thomson. Zoology. Neill, Edinburg / Dublin. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 109677","Brandt A. & Malyutina MV. 2015. The German-Russian deep-sea expedition KuramBio (Kurile Kamchatka biodiversity studies) on board of RV Sonne in 2012 following the footsteps of the legendary expeditions with RV Vityaz. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 111: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.11.001","WoRMS Editorial Board. 2022. World Register of Marine Species. Available from https: // www. marinespecies. org [accessed 28 May 2022]. https: // doi. org / 10.14284 / 170","Oliver P. G. 2015. Deep-water Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Oman Margin, Arabian Sea, new species and examples of endemism and cosmopolitanism. Zootaxa 3995 (1): 252 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3995.1.21","Okutani T. 1968. Bathyal and abyssal Mollusca trawled from Sagami Bay and the south off Boso Peninsula by the R / V Soyo-Maru, 1965 - 1967. Bulletin of the Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory 56: 7 - 55.","Belyaev G. M. 1989. Deep-Sea Oceanic Trenches and their Fauna. Nauka Press, Moscow. [In Russian.]","Brandt A., Alalykina I., Brix S., Brenke N., Blazewicz M., Golovan O. A., Johannsen N., Hrinko A. M., Jazdzewska A. M., Jeskulke K., Kamenev G. M., Lavrenteva A. V., Malyutina M. V., Riehl T. & Lins L. 2019. Depth zonation of Northwest Pacific deep-sea macrofauna. Progress in Oceanography 176: 102131. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pocean. 2019.102131","Brandt A., Brix S., Riehl T. & Malyutina M. 2020. Biodiversity and biogeography of the abyssal and hadal Kuril-Kamchatka trench and adjacent NW Pacific deep-sea regions. Progress in Oceanography 181: 102232. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pocean. 2019.102232","Jamieson A. J. 2015. The Hadal Zone: Life in the Deepest Oceans. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9781139061384","Kamenev G. M., Mordukhovich V. V., Alalykina I. L., Chernyshev A. V. & Maiorova A. S. 2022. Macrofauna and nematode abundance in the abyssal and hadal zones of interconnected deep-sea ecosystems in the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean). Frontiers in Marine Science 9: 812464. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fmars. 2022.812464"]}

Genus Parathyasira Iredale, 1930 Type species Parathyasira resupina Iredale, 1930., Published as part of Kamenev, Gennady M., 2023, Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, pp. 87-119 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 on page 90, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2031, http://zenodo.org/record/7569595

The Thyasiridae is one of the species-richest families in the abyssal and hadal zones of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Many thyasirid species dominate benthic communities in terms of abundance and play an important role in the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems. Most of the thyasirid species in the region are new to science and have not been described. Based on the material collected from 1954 to 2016 by seven deep-sea expeditions, three new species of Thyasiridae (Parathyasira coani sp. nov., P. pauli sp. nov., and Thyasira kharkovensis sp. nov.) are described from the abyssal and hadal zones (3210–7540 m depth) of the Sea of Okhotsk, the Bering Sea, as well as the Kuril-Kamchatka and Japan trenches. The new species are remarkable among their congeners due to the combination of the following characters: an obliquely-rhomboidal shell with a weak and shallow posterior sulcus and a large prodissoconch with sculpture of lamellated folds. Comparisons with related species are provided.

Genus Thyasira Lamarck, 1818 Type species Tellina flexuosa Montagu, 1803., Published as part of Kamenev, Gennady M., 2023, Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, pp. 87-119 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 on page 107, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2031, http://zenodo.org/record/7569595

Thyasira kharkovensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5E4F1FDC-5A7D-47BA-9FE5-B1F700D80C60 Figs 6, 12–16, Table 4 Parathyasira sp. 1 – Kamenev 2018a: 234. Diagnosis Shell small (to 7.4 mm in length), obliquely pyriform, transparent, flattened, drawn out anteriorly. Sculpture of thin, commarginal riblets and weak undulations. Posterior folds weak. Posterior sulcus weak, as a flattened, narrow area. Escutcheon long, shallow. Auricle low. Lunule short, flat, weakly defined. Ligament partially visible externally, long. Prodissoconch large (to 200 µm), with 7 thin, lamellated folds, radiating from short, plicate ridge. Lateral body pouches large, extensively lobed. Foot long, distally bulbous; bulbous portion not divided into two parts; heel distinct. Etymology The species epithet honors the city of Kharkov, where I was born, grew up, and was educated. Material examined Holotype RUSSIA • Sea of Okhotsk, Kuril Basin floor; 48°02.512′ N, 149°59.911′ E –48°02.353′ N, 149°59.805′ E; depth 3350 m; 21 Jul. 2015; K.V. Minin leg.; Agassiz trawl, RV Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev, cruise no. 250, stn. 6-9; MIMB 43824. Paratypes RUSSIA • 2 specs; same collection data as for holotype; MIMB 43825 • 2 specs; same collection data as for holotype; SMF 367802. Other material RUSSIA – Bering Sea • 6 specs; 55°13.2′ N, 167°29.07′ E –55°12′ N, 167°26.7′E; depth 3957 m; 31 Jul. 1990; L.I. Moskalev and S.V. Galkin leg.; Sigsbee trawl, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 22, stn. 2309; IORAS OBF collection Cat. BIV00045 • 6 specs; same locality as for preceding; 55°36.1′ N, 167°23.04′ E –55°35′ N, 167°24.5′E; depth 4294 m; 5 Aug. 1990; L.I. Moskalev and S.V. Galkin leg.; Sigsbee trawl, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 22, stn. 2316; IORAS OBF collection Cat. BIV00046 – Sea of Okhotsk • 1 spec.; 46°08.745′ N, 145°59.760′ E; depth 3304 m; 9 Jul. 2015; G.M. Kamenev leg.; box corer, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 1-3; MIMB 43826 • 2 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°08.875′ N, 145°59.336′ E –46°08.839′ N, 145°59.165′ E; depth 3307 m; 10 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 1-8; MIMB 43827 • 3 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°09.037′ N, 146°00.465′ E –46°09.020′ N, 146°00.269′ E; depth 3307 m; 10 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 1-9; MIMB 43828 • 7 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°40.961′ N, 147°28.283′ E –46°40.877′ N, 147°28.499′ E; depth 3353– 3352 m; 13 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 2-7; MIMB 43829 • 2 specs; same locality as for preceding; 47°12.046′ N, 149°36.901′ E; depth 3366 m; 16 Jul. 2015; G.M. Kamenev leg.; box corer, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 4-4; MIMB 43830 • 5 specs; same locality as for preceding; 47°12.132′ N, 149°37.136′ E –47°11.991′ N, 149°36.990′ E; depth 3366 m; 17 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 4-9; MIMB 43831 • 4 specs; same locality as for preceding; 47°12.039′ N, 149°36.950′ E –47°12.177′ N, 149°36.726′ E; depth 3366 m; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 4–10; 17 Jul. 2015; MIMB 43832 • 1 spec.; same locality as for preceding; 48°03.258′ N, 150°00.581′ E –48°03.141′ N, 150°00.432′ E; depth 3347 m; 20 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 6-6; MIMB 43833 • 1 spec.; same locality as for preceding; 48°03.234′ N, 150°00.468′ E –48°03.078′ N, 150°00.351′ E; depth 3350–3351 m; 21 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 6-7; MIMB 43834 • 5 specs; same locality as for preceding; 48°02.512′ N, 149°59.911′ E –48°02.353′ N, 149°59.805′ E; depth 3350 m; 21 Jul. 2015; K.V. Minin leg.; Agassiz trawl, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 6-9; MIMB 43835 • 2 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°56.952′ N, 151°04.975′ E; depth 3300 m; 21 Jul. 2015; G.M. Kamenev leg.; box corer, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 7-1; MIMB 43836 • 7 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°56.556′ N, 151°05.013′ E –46°56.753′ N, 151°05.017′ E; depth 3299 m; 22 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 7-3; MIMB 43837 • 3 specs; same locality as for preceding; 46°57.466′ N, 151°05.068′ E –46°57.326′ N, 151°05.050′ E; depth 3300 m; 22 Jul. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 7–4; MIMB 43838 • 6 specs; same locality as for preceding; 45°36.792′ N, 146°22.589′ E –45°36.902′ N, 146°22.484′ E; depth 3210 m; 1 Aug. 2015; A. Brandt leg.; epibenthic sledge, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 11-6; MIMB 43839. PACIFIC OCEAN – oceanic slope of the Kuril Islands • 2 specs; 46°16.082′ N, 152°02.060′ E; depth 3432 m; 27 Jul. 2015; G.M. Kamenev leg.; box corer, RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, cruise no. 71, stn. 9-1; MIMB 43840. Description SHELL. Small (to 7.4 mm in length and 7.6 mm in height), obliquely-ovate to obliquely pyriform, equivalve, subequilateral, grayish white, very thin, fragile, translucent, flattened (W/L=0.48 ± 0.04), slightly longer than high (H/L=0.98 ± 0.03), drawn out anteriorly; small quantities of ferruginous deposit may adhere to anterodorsal shell margin (Figs 12–13, Table 4). Periostracum thin, transparent, adherent. Sculpture of thin, commarginal riblets and weak, narrow, irregular undulations (Fig. 12F). Central part of shell with microscopic (to 3 µm), irregular, densely spaced granules (Fig. 14C–D). Beaks small, raised, pointed, prosogyrate, slightly anterior to midline (A/L=0.45 ±0.03). Anterodorsal shell margin straight, sloping rather steeply from beaks, smoothly transitioning to anterior margin. Anterior shell margin slightly convex, smoothly transitioning to ventral margin. Ventral margin strongly curved. Posterodorsal shell margin slightly convex, sloping rather steeply from beaks, forming weak, rounded angle at transition to posterior margin. Posterior shell margin straight or slightly convex, smoothly transitioning to ventral margin. Posterior folds weak. Posterior sulcus weak, shallow, as flattened, narrow area. Escutcheon long (EL/L=0.54 ±0.05), narrow, shallow, demarcated by low ridges (Figs 13B–C, E, 15A–D). Auricle weak, low, only slightly projecting (Figs 14E, 15C–D). Lunule relatively short (LL/L=0.34 ± 0.05), flat (Fig. 13B–D). Ligament opisthodetic, visible externally for more than half of its length, thin, almost as long as entire length of escutcheon, lying in shallow, almost straight, narrow groove in hinge plate (Fig. 14F–I). Prodissoconch large (length 189–200 µm), distinctly separated from dissoconch, ovate in outline, with 7 thin, lamellated folds (posterior fold sometimes bifurcated, central fold sometimes indistinct), radiating from a short, higher and wider, plicate ridge, located in mid-line of prodissoconch (Fig. 15E–F). Hinge plate thin, edentulous, sometimes with numerous, shallow, elongate pits (to 50 µm) beneath beak and ligamental groove (Fig. 14J). Muscle scars indistinct. GROSS ANATOMY. Mantle thin, transparent; mantle edge free except at junction with gill axis (Fig. 16). Anterior adductor muscle large, strongly elongated, curved almost parallel to anterior shell margin. Posterior adductor muscle 3 × as short as anterior, oval. Ctenidium thin, wide, both demibranchs with fully reflected filaments (up to 60 filaments in specimen 5.2 mm in length); outer demibranch about half depth of inner demibranch (Fig. 16A, D–E). Labial palps relatively large (to 0.8 mm in length) (Fig. 16B). Lateral body pouches large, extensively lobed; numerous lobes thick, cloven or single; each pouch connecting to body by a wide neck (Fig. 16D–E). Kidneys extremely large, dorsoventrally elongated along entire posterodorsal shell margin, with numerous, pink or orange, large (to 100 µm in diameter), different-size granules well visible through transparent shell (Figs 14, 16D–H). Oesophagus short; stomach large, strongly elongated; combined style sac and midgut strongly curved, lies over stomach; hind gut forming anterior loop dorsal to style sac, running posteriorly dorsal to kidney and posterior adductor muscle. Food remains present in hindgut (Fig. 16G–H). Foot long, vermiform, distally bulbous, with muscular ring at junction with visceral mass. Bulbous tip not divided into two parts; surface with numerous, longitudinal, curved gathers; heel small (Fig. 16C, E). Anterior and posterior pedal retractors wide, long, well developed. Variability In small specimens (up to 5 mm in shell length), the shell is relatively low, angulate, with a strongly curved and anteriorly drawn-out ventral margin, and weakly defined lunule with valve margin junction raised; anterodorsal and posterodorsal margins are sloped more gently from beaks (Fig. 13G–H). In larger specimens, the shell shape and proportions do not vary. Distribution and habitat Kuril Basin floor (Sea of Okhotsk) (45°36.792′ N, 146°22.589′ E – 48°03.258′ N, 150°00.581′ E), 3210– 3366 m depth (bottom temperature (1 m above bottom) 1.85–1.88°C, salinity 34.6%, oxygen 1.73– 1.87 ml. l−1) (Kamenev 2018; Kamenev et al. 2022), Commander Basin floor (Bering Sea) (55°12′ N, 167°26.7′ E – 55°36.1′ N, 167°23.04′ E), 3957–4294 m depth, and oceanic slope of the Kuril Islands opposite the Bussol Strait (46°16.082′ N, 152°02.060′ E), 3432 m depth (Fig. 6). Differential diagnosis The new species described herein differs from the vast majority of species of Thyasira in having an obliquely-pyriform, anteriorly drawn-out, non-sulcate shell, with very narrow, indistinct posterior folds, large prodissoconch with thin, lamellated folds, strongly elongated, narrow adductor muscles, and a heel of foot. Thyasira kharkovensis sp. nov. is most similar in shell shape to Axinulus obliquus Okutani, 1968 (Fig. 7D–J) clearly differing in having a narrower escutcheon and thinner ligament, a shorter, indistinct and non-excavated lunule. Axinulus obliquus was described as Axinulus obliqua Okutani, 1968 following only examination of the morphology of the shell (Okutani 1968). The main character that distinguishes Axinulus from most genera in the family Thyasiridae is the presence of a single demibranch in the ctenidium (Oliver & Killeen 2002; Zelaya 2010; Oliver 2015; Kamenev 2020). I assumed that very probably the ctenidium of this species consists of two demibranchs, and after further anatomical investigation A. obliquus could be placed in the genus Thyasira (Kamenev 2020). Based on my assumption, A. obliquus was listed in the WoRMS Editorial Board (2022) under the name of Thyasira obliqua (Okutani, 1968). On the other hand, the WoRMS Editorial Board (2022) classifies the status of A. obliquus as a “taxon inquirendum”. Unfortunately, it is currently not possible to examine the gills of A. obliquus, because only dry material is deposited at the NSMT (Dr Hiroshi Saito, pers. comm.). Therefore, the species still falls under the category of a taxon of uncertain taxonomic validity. Thyasira kharkovensis sp. nov. resembles T. obsoleta (Verrill & Bush, 1898), T. succisa (Jeffreys, 1876), and T. debilis (Thiele, 1912), from which it differs in having a more flattened, thin and fragile shell, a longer escutcheon, a lower auricle, a longer well-visible externally ligament, and a much larger prodissoconch (the prodissoconch length of T. obsoleta, T. succisa, and T. debilis does not exceed 165µm) (Payne & Allen 1991; Oliver & Killeen 2002; Zelaya 2009) with lamellated folds. In addition, the new species described herein lacks the pseudocardinal tubercle in the right valve described for T. succisa and T. debilis (Payne & Allen 1991; Oliver & Killeen 2002; Zelaya 2009). On the whole, because of its obliquely pyriform, non-sulcate shell with narrow, indistinct posterior folds T. kharkovensis sp. nov. does not correspond to the diagnosis of the genus Thyasira. Consequently, T. kharkovensis is assigned to Thyasira sensu lato. Remarks Thyasira kharkovensis sp. nov. was recorded in the Sea of Okhotsk and on the oceanic slope of the Kuril Islands at 9 of 10 stations at depths less than 4000 m. However, this species was not found any of the 24 stations conducted in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area by the KuramBio (2012), SokhoBio (2015) and KuramBio II (2016) expeditions at depths greater than 5000 m (Kamenev 2015, 2018 a, 2019). Probably, T. kharkovensis sp. nov. does not occur at depths greater than 5000 m, preferring the upper abyssal zone. Previous studies showed that the deep-sea benthic fauna of the Sea of Okhotsk is closely related to the western Pacific fauna. Many species from various groups of animals that were discovered on the Kuril Basin floor (Sea of Okhotsk) were also found at the Pacific side of the Kuril Islands (e.g., Alalykina 2018, Downey et al. 2018; Fukumori et al. 2018; Kamenev 2018a; Malyutina & Brandt 2018; Mironov et al. 2018; Ostermair et al. 2018). A number of studies showed that the deep-sea Pacific fauna mainly penetrates into the Sea of Okhotsk through the deep straits of the Kuril Islands, primarily through the wide and deepest Bussol Strait (depth of 2318 m) (Ushakov 1953; Savilov 1961; Kamenev 2018a; Mironov et al. 2018). Most of deep-sea bivalve species from the Sea of Okhotsk were found in the Pacific Ocean to depths of 4000 m (Kamenev 2018a; Kamenev et al. 2022). In the Pacific Ocean, at depths greater than 5000 m, only two out of 25 species found in the abyssal zone of the Sea of Okhotsk were recorded (Kamenev 2018 a, 2019). Perhaps, T. kharkovensis lives in the upper abyssal zone on the oceanic slopes of the Kuril Islands and the Kamchatka Peninsula. It also penetrated into the Bering Sea through the wide and deep Kamchatka Strait (depths of more than 4000 m) and was found on the floor of the Commander Basin located opposite the Kamchatka Strait. The Bering Sea has three deepwater basins (Commander, Bowers, and Aleutian basins) connected to one another. It is possible that T. kharkovensis lives on the floor of all the basins of the Bering Sea and has a continuous distributional range from the Asian to American continent along the Aleutian Islands, inhabiting the slope of the islands. For example, the deep-sea propeamussiid bivalve Catillopecten squamiformis (Bernard, 1978) has a similar geographic and vertical distribution in the northern Pacific (Kamenev 2018b)., Published as part of Kamenev, Gennady M., 2023, Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, pp. 87-119 in European Journal of Taxonomy 856 on pages 107-114, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.856.2031, http://zenodo.org/record/7569595, {"references":["Kamenev G. M. 2018 a. Bivalve molluscs of the abyssal zone of the Sea of Okhotsk: species composition, taxonomic remarks, and comparison with the abyssal fauna of the Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 230 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2017.10.006","Kamenev G. M., Mordukhovich V. V., Alalykina I. L., Chernyshev A. V. & Maiorova A. S. 2022. Macrofauna and nematode abundance in the abyssal and hadal zones of interconnected deep-sea ecosystems in the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean). Frontiers in Marine Science 9: 812464. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fmars. 2022.812464","Okutani T. 1968. Bathyal and abyssal Mollusca trawled from Sagami Bay and the south off Boso Peninsula by the R / V Soyo-Maru, 1965 - 1967. Bulletin of the Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory 56: 7 - 55.","Oliver P. G. & Killeen I. J. 2002. The Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of the British Continental Shelf and North Sea oil fields: an identification manual. Studies in Marine Biodiversity and Systematics from the National Museum of Wales. BIOMOR Reports 3: 1 - 73.","Zelaya D. G. 2010. New species of Thyasira, Mendicula, and Axinulus (Bivalvia, Thyasiroidea) from Sub- Antarctic and Antarctic waters. Polar Biology 33: 607 - 616. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 009 - 0736 - 9","Oliver P. G. 2015. Deep-water Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Oman Margin, Arabian Sea, new species and examples of endemism and cosmopolitanism. Zootaxa 3995 (1): 252 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3995.1.21","Kamenev G. M. 2020. Three new deep-sea species of Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the abyssal plain of the northwestern Pacific Ocean and hadal depths of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. PeerJ 8: e 10405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 10405","WoRMS Editorial Board. 2022. World Register of Marine Species. Available from https: // www. marinespecies. org [accessed 28 May 2022]. https: // doi. org / 10.14284 / 170","Verrill A. E. & Bush K. J. 1898. Revision of the deep-water Mollusca of the Atlantic coast of North America, with descriptions of new genera and species. Part. I. Bivalvia. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 20: 775 - 901. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.20 - 1139.775","Payne C. M. & Allen J. A. 1991. The morphology of deep sea Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Atlantic Ocean. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B 334 (1272): 481 - 562. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstb. 1991.0128","Zelaya D. G. 2009. The genera Thyasira and Parathyasira in the Magellan region and adjacent Antarctic waters (Bivalvia: Thyasiridae). Malacologia 51: 271 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.4002 / 040.051.0204","Kamenev G. M. 2015. Composition and distribution of bivalves of the abyssal plain adjacent to the KurilKamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean). Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 111: 188 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.08.005","Brandt A., Alalykina I., Brix S., Brenke N., Blazewicz M., Golovan O. A., Johannsen N., Hrinko A. M., Jazdzewska A. M., Jeskulke K., Kamenev G. M., Lavrenteva A. V., Malyutina M. V., Riehl T. & Lins L. 2019. Depth zonation of Northwest Pacific deep-sea macrofauna. Progress in Oceanography 176: 102131. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pocean. 2019.102131","Downey R. V., Fuchs M. & Janussen D. 2018. Unusually diverse, abundant and endemic deep-sea sponge fauna revealed in the Sea of Okhotsk (NW Pacific Ocean). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 47 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2018.02.005","Fukumori H., Hasegawa K. & Kano Y. 2018. Abyssal gastropods in the Sea of Okhotsk (Vetigastropoda and Caenogastropoda). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 187 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2017.09.013","Malyutina M. V. & Brandt A. 2018. First records of deep-sea Munnopsidae (Isopoda: Asellota) from the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk, with description of Gurjanopsis kurilensis sp. nov. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 275 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2017.12.006 Malyutina M. V., Chernyshev A. V. & Brandt A. 2018. Introduction to the SokhoBio (Sea of Okhotsk Biodiversity Studies) expedition 2015. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2018.08.012","Mironov A. N., Minin K. V., Dilman A. B. & Smirnov I. S. 2018. Deep-sea echinoderms of the Sea of Okhotsk. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 342 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2017.10.003","Ostermair L., Brandt A., Haszprunar G., Jorger K. M. & Bergmeier F. S. 2018. First insights into the solenogaster diversity of the Sea of Okhotsk with the description of a new species of Kruppomenia (Simrothiellidae, Cavibelonia). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 154: 214 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2017.12.008","Ushakov P. V. 1953. The Fauna of the Sea of Okhotsk and Conditions of Life in it. Academy of Sciences of USSR Press, Leningrad. [In Russian.]","Savilov A. I. 1961. Ecologic characteristics of the bottom communities of invertebrates in the Okhotsk Sea. Proceedings of P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology 46: 3 - 84. [In Russian.]","Kamenev G. M. 2018 b. Four new species of the family Propeamussiidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the abyssal zone of the northwestern Pacific, with notes on Catillopecten squamiformis (Bernard, 1978). Marine Biodiversity 48: 647 - 676. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0821 - 1"]}

The physics of non-equilibrium many-body systems is a rapidly expanding area of theoretical physics. Traditionally employed in laser physics and superconducting kinetics, these techniques have more recently found applications in the dynamics of cold atomic gases, mesoscopic and nano-mechanical systems, and quantum computation. This book provides a detailed presentation of modern non-equilibrium field-theoretical methods, applied to examples ranging from biophysics to the kinetics of superfluids and superconductors. A highly pedagogical and self-contained approach is adopted within the text, making it ideal as a reference for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics. In this Second Edition, the text has been substantially updated to include recent developments in the field such as driven-dissipative quantum systems, kinetics of fermions with Berry curvature, and Floquet kinetics of periodically driven systems, among many other important new topics. Problems have been added throughout, structured as compact guided research projects that encourage independent exploration.

We address Coulomb drag and near-field heat transfer in a double-layer system of incoherent metals. Each layer is modeled by an array of tunnel-coupled SYK dots with random inter-layer interactions. Depending on the strength of intra-dot interactions and inter-dot tunneling, this model captures the crossover from the Fermi liquid to a strange metal phase. The absence of quasiparticles in the strange metal leads to temperature-independent drag resistivity, which is in strong contrast with the quadratic temperature dependence in the Fermi liquid regime. We show that all the parameters can be independently measured in near-field heat transfer experiments, performed in Fermi liquid and strange metal regimes., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures + Supplemental Material

The article presents the results of field experiments carried out in 2018-2020 on the fields of EkoNivaAgro LLC at the Levoberezhnoye farm (Liskinsky district, Voronezh region). The objects of the study were the Canadian soybean variety OAK Prudence, the Argentinean inoculant of the liquid formulation Nitragin Zh, the fungicidal dressing agent Delit Pro, KS, pyraclostrobin 200 g / l (BASF, Germany). Soybeans were grown using the NO-TILL technology after the predecessor corn for grain. The yield of soybean grain in the control variant (without the use of agrochemicals) was the highest in 2018, favorable for moisture (1.50 t / ha) and practically the same in 2019 and 2020. - 1.24 and 1.23 t / ha, respectively. On average for 2018–2020 the yield of soybean grain in the control variant was 1.32 t / ha. The maximum grain yield was obtained on the variant with the combined use of the inoculant Nitragin Zh and ammonium nitrate at a dose of 200 kg / ha - 2.08 t / ha. The increase in comparison with the control variant reached 0.76 t / ha, or 57.0%. The greatest influence on the technological parameters of soybean seeds was exerted by pre-sowing inoculation of seeds and pre-sowing application of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N70. Inoculation provided an increase in the protein content in soybean seeds by 4.1%, and the introduction of N70 by 4.3% in absolute terms compared to the control.

The article presents an analysis of possible directions of using artificial intelligence in education. It is shown that artificial intelligence in modern distance education contributes to its further development in the direction of modernization and has a significant impact, especially on the modern distance learning system. The requirements for artificial intelligence on the part of education and the negative consequences of the use of artificial intelligence and problems that may affect the quality of education are analyzed. The possible directions of work in terms of the development of artificial intelligence related to the development of knowledge representation models, the creation of knowledge bases forming the core of the expert system are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that an intelligent learning system should be able to perform various functions of a teacher (to help in the process of solving problems, to determine the cause of students’ mistakes, to choose the optimal educational impact) almost as intelligently as a person does. Attention is also paid to such a direction as the use of intelligent chat-bots or conversational agents and their applications.

A three-wall piston-cylinder type high pressure cell for muon-spin rotation/relaxation experiments was designed, manufactured, tested and commissioned. The outer cylinder of the cell body is made from MP35N and the middle and the inner cylinders are made from NiCrAl nonmagnetic alloys. The mechanical design and performance of the pressure cell are evaluated and optimised using finite-element analysis. The outcomes of the experimental testing closely match the modelling results. The high-pressure cell is shown to reach pressures of up to 3.3 GPa at ambient temperature, corresponding to 3.0 GPa at low temperatures, without irreversible damage., 17 pages, 12 figures

HIV epidemic in Ukraine remains a nationwide problem. The current epidemiological situation does not yet give grounds to talk about a significant decrease in the load associated with HIV/AIDS in Ukraine. Predicting the further spread of the epidemic throughout the country is becoming more and more complicated due to the crisis socio-economic phenomena and the deterioration of the situation in the eastern regions of Ukraine. Objective — to substantiate the ways of optimization of monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection as the basis for a strategy of overcoming the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the public health system in Ukraine; expanding treatment of HIV-infected patients using modern approaches and standards; volumes and algorithms of cooperation of specialists from different branches in the provision of treatment services to patients with skin diseases and sexually transmitted infections. Materials and methods. We analyzed: 1) documents of international policy in the field of public health; 2) the latest changes in the documents of the state policy in the field of health care of Ukraine; 3) international strategies and approaches to overcoming the HIV epidemic; 4) WHO strategies for applying public health approaches to tackling the HIV epidemic; 5) the dynamics of the incidence of skin and venereal diseases in Ukraine and the virtual creation of an epidemiological situation in the absence of integrative relations between individual health care services; 6) modeling and forecasting with account of all available relevant data as an important source of information for monitoring national and global HIV epidemics, as well as managing the prevention and treatment programs. Results and discussion. Based on the review of statistical information, key directions are presented for further strengthening of the system of monitoring and evaluation to strengthen the control over the HIV epidemic in Ukraine, as well as optimize specific treatment. At the present stage of the implementation of medical reforms, final revision and improvement are required of existing strategies and policies for organizing a response to the HIV epidemic in Ukraine, as well as the search for new ways and tools that can be mobilized in the health care system by increasing the efficiency of the use of existing resources, introducing new forms of management and coordination of actions. Conclusions. Bringing national standards in line with the best world practices in the field of HIV counteraction contributes to the effective planning of the need for specific therapy in order to ensure a sustainable response to the HIV epidemic in Ukraine, the use of a «treat all» approach with effective and safe antiretroviral therapy. The optimization is based on the principles of public health as having the highest priority and effectiveness in comparison with individual approaches to the prevention, treatment and support of people with chronic diseases. The principle of maintaining balanced treatment regimens helps to reduce dependence on donor funding in the context of limited resources in Ukraine, as well as ensure the achievement of Fast track goals and adherence to the UNAIDS strategy.

This paper aims to present a universal model applicable at all levels of distance learning, in a region and particular educational organization. The authors applied a systematic approach to consider the introduction of distance education as an activity, which result depends on the current sociocultural conditions in the region, including the specifics of the population, the labor market, the socioeconomic and political situation, and the quality of teaching in educational organizations. The scientific novelty of the research includes the theoretical and methodological substantiation of a universal model for implementing distance education. It involves mandatory monitoring and support measures at all levels of administration: the micro- (an educational organization), meso- (regional and municipal administration), and macroadministration (the State). Exploring the research problem, the authors revealed that distance learning effectiveness is directly connected with the quality of the regional analysis of sociocultural factors at the planning and forecasting stage.

High-pressure single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction data for copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate have been collected under precisely the same conditions, using the same sample mounted in a miniature diamond-anvil cell. The data were combined in a joint ‘XN’ structure refinement., Single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction data are usually collected using separate samples. This is a disadvantage when the sample is studied at high pressure because it is very difficult to achieve exactly the same pressure in two separate experiments, especially if the neutron data are collected using Laue methods where precise absolute values of the unit-cell dimensions cannot be measured to check how close the pressures are. In this study, diffraction data have been collected under the same conditions on the same sample of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, using a conventional laboratory diffractometer and source for the X-ray measurements and the Koala single-crystal Laue diffractometer at the ANSTO facility for the neutron measurements. The sample, of dimensions 0.40 × 0.22 × 0.20 mm3 and held at a pressure of 0.71 GPa, was contained in a miniature Merrill–Bassett diamond-anvil cell. The highly penetrating diffracted neutron beams passing through the metal body of the miniature cell as well as through the diamonds yielded data suitable for structure refinement, and compensated for the low completeness of the X-ray measurements, which was only 24% on account of the triclinic symmetry of the sample and the shading of reciprocal space by the cell. The two data-sets were combined in a single ‘XN’ structure refinement in which all atoms, including H atoms, were refined with anisotropic displacement parameters. The precision of the structural parameters was improved by a factor of up to 50% in the XN refinement compared with refinements using the X-ray or neutron data separately.

Transcriptomic profiling became a standard approach to quantify a cell state, which led to accumulation of huge amount of public gene expression datasets. However, both reuse of these datasets or analysis of newly generated ones requires a significant technical expertise. Here we present Phantasus – a user-friendly web-application for interactive gene expression analysis which provide a streamlined access to more than 84000 public gene expression datasets, as well as allows analysis of user-uploaded datasets. Phantasus integrates an intuitive and highly interactive JavaScript-based heatmap interface with an ability to run sophisticated R-based analysis methods. Overall Phantasus allows to go all the way from loading, normalizing and filtering data to doing differential gene expression and downstream analysis. Phantasus can be accessed on-line athttps://ctlab.itmo.ru/phantasusorhttps://artyomovlab.wustl.edu/phantasusor can be installed locally from Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/phantasus). Phantasus source code is available athttps://github.com/ctlab/phantasusunder MIT licence.

The low energy spectrum of a zigzag graphene ribbon contains two gapless bands with highly non-linear dispersion, $\epsilon(k)=\pm |\pi-k|^W$, where $W$ is the width of the ribbon. The corresponding states are located at the two opposite zigzag edges. Their presence reflects the fact that the clean ribbon is a quasi one dimensional system naturally fine-tuned to the topological {\em multicritical} point. This quantum critical point separates a topologically trivial phase from the topological one with the index $W$. Here we investigate the influence of the (chiral) symmetry-preserving disorder on such a multicritical point. We show that the system harbors delocalized states with the localization length diverging at zero energy in a manner consistent with the $W=1$ critical point. The same is true regarding the density of states (DOS), which exhibits the universal Dyson singularity, despite the clean DOS being substantially dependent on $W$. On the other hand, the zero-energy localization length critical exponent, associated with the lattice staggering, is not universal and depends on the topological index $W$., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures

The multicriteria problem of optimizing the state regulation of the quality of human capital in an information society is considered. A discrete dynamic model of human capital is described taking into account the age dynamics of the awareness and cognitive abilities possessed by an individual as a carrier of information. On trajectories, The lifelong indices of human capital are considered on trajectories; i.e., productivity and creativity are considered taking into account the initial increase in the quality of human capital followed by its subsequent decline at an older age. The task of state regulation is described as a two-criteria maximization of the population’s mathematical expectations of indices for a generation, taking into account not only the natural distribution of individuals by the starting values but also the possibilities of socialization within a state-controlled education system. The model’s identification is based on taking into account the known population restrictions on the phase trajectory tube. The model is identified and investigated by methods using approximation by Shannon metric networks. It is shown that the optimal choice of educational priorities by the state depends on the society’s parameters such as age-specific mortality rates and the time budget available for the socialization of a nonadult. There are combinations of parameters that lead to a conflict of the regulation criteria; in this case the solution is the set of Pareto optimal strategies. For Russia, there is a dominant solution that presumes the priority development of cognitive abilities rather than awareness.

The article aims to consider the problem of implementing distance learning at the micro-meso and macro levels. In the study, the authors rely on a systematic approach. Using the example of studies of the results of the introduction of distance learning during the pandemic, the problems faced by educational organizations at the regional level are shown. The actualization of the need for regional analysis led the authors to the conclusion that the issue is insufficiently developed at the macro level of administration of the process of implementing distance learning. The article also raises questions about the quality of “offline” and “online” training formats, the problem of commercialization of education and the transformation of university types as associated with unjustified expectations of the effectiveness of the introduction of distance learning format. The materials presented in the article will be of interest to those specializing in the field of education management: heads of educational organizations, employees of educational management bodies at all levels.

—We present the results of laboratory studies of slope failure criteria by dynamic impulse loading in the range of peak ground velocities (PGV) between 0.003 and 1.3 m/s and peak ground accelerations (PGA) between 0.01 to above 170g. Critical parameter values of the dynamic loads acting on model slopes are established. The minimum PGA value at which landslide initiation was observed is significantly higher than critical acceleration calculated in the quasi static approach. At the same time, with close static factors of safety, critical parameters for underwater and dry slopes are comparable notwithstanding the fact that the character of the ground motion after initiation in the experiments under water strongly differs from that on the dry slopes. It is shown that there are minimal PGA and PGV values ​​at which irreversible slope deformations take place. If acceleration is lower than the minimum PGA value PGAmin, no significant irreversible deformations occur at any PGV. If mass velocity is below PGVmin, than at PGA > PGAmin, irreversible deformations are observed, and a repeated impact may cause a slope to fail. Using Newmark approximation, slope stability is calculated for various impact types: earthquakes of different magnitudes, ripple-fired explosions, and high-yield underground explosions.

Guest-mediated pore-shape modification of the metal-organic framework, Sc2BDC3 (where BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate), upon adsorption of n-pentane and isopentane is examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at moderate pressures (50 – 1200 bar) using a newly developed sapphire capillary cell, which allows detailed crystallographic data to be obtained using a variety of liquids on flexible systems. For Sc2BDC3, rotation of the BDC linker that is responsible for the change in pore shape occurs at much lower pressures than previously reported, with distinct adsorption behaviour found between the pentane isomers.

Рассматривается многокритериальная задача оптимизации государственного регулирования качества человеческого капитала в информационном обществе. Описана дискретная динамическая модель человеческого капитала, учитывающая возрастную динамику информированности и когнитивных способностей индивида как носителя информации. На траекториях рассматриваются пожизненные индексы человеческого капитала: продуктивность и креативность, учитывающие первичный прирост качества человеческого капитала, и далее его спад в старшем возрасте. Задача государственного регулирования описывается как двухкритериальная максимизация популяционных математических ожиданий индексов для поколения с учетом не только естественного распределения индивидов по стартовым значениям, но и возможностей социализации в рамках управляемой государством системы образования. В основе идентификации модели лежит учет известных популяционных ограничений на фазовую трубку траекторий. Модель идентифицируется и исследуется методами, использующими аппроксимацию метрическими сетями Шеннона. Показано, что оптимальный выбор государством образовательных приоритетов зависит от параметров социума: возрастных коэффициентов смертности и бюджета времени, доступного для социализации невзрослого. Существуют сочетания параметров, приводящие к конфликту критериев регулирования, в этом случае решением является множество стратегий, оптимальных по Парето. В случае России существует доминирующее решение, предполагающее приоритетное развитие когнитивных способностей, а не информированности.

We describe experimental studies of the recording of the relief of a diffusely reflecting surface using a shear interferometer. The interferometer uses a Michelson scheme, but the mirrors serve to combine two identical beams displaced with respect to each other. In this case, interference arises between the neighboring points having different phases. The interference pattern reflects the change in phase at each point. Two variants of the scheme were employed in the experiments: one scheme uses a magnifying lens near the sample and the other, a projection lens near the interferometer. The paper also presents the results of numerical simulation aimed at studying the ultimate capabilities of the method. A model part, on the surface of which four groups of geometric figures with different configurations were formed, was used as the test object. This allowed one to determine the limiting spatial resolution, the limiting displacement along the optical axis, the limiting angular sensitivity, and the possibility of finding the surface profile.