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A phosphorus-containing flame retardant, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane-2-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-2-oxide(DPDMO), was synthesized successfully and characterized by elemental analysis (EA), mass spectra (MS), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The melting point and the enthalpy of fusion of DPDMO were measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the thermal stability of DPDMO was obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The solubility of DPDMO in selected solvents could be achieved by a gravimetric method. The experimental data were correlated with some thermodynamic models, such as the empirical equation and the Scatchard–Hildebrand, Wilson, nonrandom two liquid (NRTL), universal quasi chemical (UNIQUAC), and Buchowski–Ksiazaczak (λh) equation. The results show that the calculated values indicated good agreement with the experimental data.

1,2-Bis (2-oxo-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxyphosphacyclohexyl-2-imino) ethane (BPEA) was prepared, and characterized by elemental analysis (EA), mass spectra (MS), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The melting point and the enthalpy of fusion of BPEA were performed on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the thermal stability of BPEA was tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The solubility of BPEA in selected solvents was measured by a static analytical method. The experimental data were correlated with different thermodynamic models, such as the empirical equation and non-random two liquid (NRTL), Wilson, Scatchard–Hildebrand, and universal quasi chemical (UNIQUAC) equations. The calculated results showed good agreement with the experimental data in the temperature range studied.

Optimal excipients were screened by studying the effect of different excipients on the hygroscopicity of the extract, testing polysaccharide in the preparation and blood glucose value. Single factor tests were performed with hygroscopicity, formability and fluidity as the indexes, and the moisture content, granule yield and angle of repose were combined with physical characters of the materials to screen the proportioning and dosage of excipients. Then the critical relative humidity of preferred Yinsang granules were measured. The optimum excipients for Yinsang hypoglycemic granules were mulberry leaf paste-microcrystalline cellulose-mactra veneriformis crude polysaccharides (10∶9∶1.67). The obtained granules had good formability and fluidity, which were not easy to absorb moisture for liquefaction, with a critical relative humidity of 73%. This formation process was reasonable and feasible, suitable for industrial production, which can significantly improve hygroscopicity and liquefaction properties of extracts, improve stability of Yinsang granules, and provide reference for screening of excipients for other preparations.