Search

The lberian Península provides an excellent context in which to assess the final impact of population movements entering the European continent from the east as well as prehistoric and historie connections with North Africa. We report new genome-wide data from 271 ancient individuals from Iberia, providing the most comprehensive genetic time transect of any world region over the last 8,000 years. We document population structure in the peninsula's hunter-gatherers, with northwestern but not southeastern individuals showing increased genetic affinity to central European hunter-gatherers in the centuries befare the arrival of farmers. We provide evidence of sporadic contacts from North Africa beginning at least -4,500 years ago, and by -4,000 years ago the replacement of -40% of the autosomal ancestry and 100% of the Y-chromosomes of Bronze Age groups by migrants ultimately originating in the steppe. From the lron Age, we report genome-wide data from individuals excavated in non-lndo-European speaking regions and show that they were genetically similar to contemporaries from an lndo-European-speaking region in harboring substantial proportions of steppe ancestry. With the exception of Basques who remain broadly similar to lron Age populations, during the past 2,500 years lberian populations were affected by additional gene-flow from the central/eastern Mediterranean region, probably associated with the Roman conques!, and from North Africa during the period of Muslim rule but also in earlier periods. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Comunicación oral en el VI Congreso del Neolítico en la Península Ibérica: “Los cambios económicos y sus implicaciones sociales durante el Neolítico de la Península Ibérica”, 22-26 junio 2016 Granada, El objetivo de esta comunicación es dar a conocer los resultados preliminares del proyecto HAR12-33111 “MesoCocina: los últimos caza-recolectores y el paradigma de la neolitización en el Mediterráneo peninsular” que ha tenido como eje de actuación el análisis pormenorizado del excepcional registro prehistórico recuperado en Cueva de la Cocina (Dos Aguas, Valencia). En el transcurso de los tres últimos años se ha procedido al análisis de las colecciones correspondientes a las excavaciones efectuadas por Ll. Pericot en los años 40 del pasado siglo así como aquellos resultados de las campañas dirigidas posteriormente por J. Fortea en los años 70. Al mismo tiempo se han llevado a cabo dos intervenciones de campo en la cavidad con el fin de obtener información precisa sobre las características de una secuencia clave a propósito de las ocupaciones del Mesolítico final en el Mediterráneo occidental, y que además contiene evidencias de frecuentaciones posteriores, desde el Neolítico Antiguo hasta la edad del Bronce. El establecimiento de un marco radiométrico preciso ha sido una de las prioridades junto a la reconstrucción tridimensional de todas las actuaciones realizadas hasta la fecha en el sitio. Bajo esta óptica procederemos a reevaluar la variabilidad de la cultura material, de las actividades de subsistencia, del mundo simbólico y las conexiones sociales en el entorno medioambiental donde se llevaron a cabo desde una amplia perspectiva diacrónica, entre el inicio del IX y el III milenio cal BP. Ciñéndonos al marco de este congreso nos centraremos especialmente en los nuevos datos relativos a la secuencia de los últimos caza-recolectores y el primer Neolítico en la cavidad.

During the last decades we gain a considerable amount of new data about the Mesolithic toolkit in the Western Mediterranean. A large set of instruments probably existed for a variety of purposes: foraging practices (both hunting and fishing), food processing, crafting activities, etc. Expedient, disposable tools, scarcely elaborated, coexisted with formal and more complex instruments, often composed of multiple parts and realized on a variety of materials (e.g. stone, shell or bone inserts; bone or wood hafts, etc.). In this paper we will consider one particular type of tool that appears in the Western Mediterranean starting from the VII-VI millennium cal BC: the notched or denticulated blades. We will consider materials proceedings from five different Late Mesolithic contexts: the Cocina Cave, the Abric de la Falaguera and Vallmayor in the NE of the Peninsula, Artusia rock-shelters in Navarre and Atxoste and Mendandia rock-shelters in the Basque country. The results of our analysis indicate that all the studied materials are characterized by some common traits, both on a technological and functional level. Notches are often shaped through bending fractures, even if some elements are shaped through abrupt retouch. Also the cinematic of the tool appears almost identical in all the observed implements, while the major variability is observed among the worked materials. The notches appear to be used for scraping a variety of materials, from soft vegetal and animal substances, to woody plants or hardanimal material such as bone and antler. Even if data is still too scarce to draw definitive conclusions, we cannot exclude that notched blades represented a particular category of artifact, a crafting tool employable to scrape a variety of materials. However, interpretative problems (the overlaps between use-wear traces) and taphonomic alterations still represent a problem to overcome.

In this paper we present the preliminary results of the functional analysis of a set of geometric tools (mainly trapezes and triangles) from the Mesolithic layers of the Cocina Cave (Valencia region, Eastern Spain). This site has a long stratigraphic sequence that includes late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic levels. A recent revision of the lithic assemblage from a selected pit (E1) provided the basis for the study of the dynamics of lithic techno-typology from the first levels of the sequence (middle of the IX millennium cal BP) until the end of the Mesolithic period (dated around the middle of VIII millennium cal BP). Use-wear analysis provided data on the degree of use, and the relation between hafting and shape. This information allows us to explain some hypotheses for understanding the change mechanisms that operated in lithic style and their translation in chronocultural terms., Laboratory analyses were supported by the project HAR2012-33111 “MESO COCINA: los últimos caza-recolectores y el paradigma de la neolitización en el mediterráneo occidental)” of the University of Valencia and the Museo de Prehistoria de Valencia. The ANR project directed by P. Allard “The last hunter-gatherers of Western Europe” supported the C14 dataset.

Resultados de las estructuras de habitación, cultura material y análisis de datos paleoambientales.