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Se analizan los aportes de diferentes estrategias de reproducción social de familias campesinas que les permiten garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. La metodología empleó técnicas cualitativas como: la observación in situ, entrevistas semi estructuradas, y cuantitativas como: la aplicación de un cuestionario de tipo cerrado aplicado a una muestra estadísticamente significativa y se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas. Los hallazgos indican eficiencia en las estrategias de las familias que priorizan las actividades agrícolas. Las familias campesinas cuentan con cuatro estrategias que garantizan su seguridad alimentaria: el ingreso monetario, la estructura agropecuaria, la recolección de bienes de la naturaleza y el intercambio de bienes alimenticios. En conclusión, la identidad y la cultura alimentaria en Calpan se afirman a través del cultivo de la milpa y el huerto familiar.

En el año 2022 se otorgó el premio Nobel de química a Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal y K. Barry Sharpless por sus aportaciones en el desarrollo de la química clic y la química bioortogonal. La trascendencia de este tipo de reacciones radica en que, por su sencillez, selectividad, eficiencia y tolerancia a diferentes medios, incluido el acuoso, ha impactado no sólo en la química sintética de moléculas complejas y materiales, sino también en el área farmacéutica, ya que, aplicando este tipo de reacciones es posible formar conjugados con biomoléculas como proteínas, abriendo la puerta a la exploración y comprensión de diversos procesos biológicos en los organismos vivos para acceder así a terapias dirigidas más eficientes. En el Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales de la UNAM hemos aplicado esta reacción de manera exitosa para modificar directamente algunas moléculas bioactivas como la curcumina (antioxidante natural), mejorando sus propiedades fisicoquímicas como solubilidad y estabilidad química. Asimismo, aplicando reacciones clic se sintetizaron derivados de β-ciclodextrina como nuevos acarreadores de fármacos, incorporando sustituyentes altamente ramificados llamados dendrones que confieren un adecuado balance hidrofílico/hidrofóbico. Estas modificaciones nos permitieron optimizar su paso a través de las membranas celulares por difusión, y su capacidad para encapsular fármacos hidrofóbicos.

Belnap and Dunn’s well-known 4-valued logic FDE is an interesting and useful non-classical logic. FDE is defined by using conjunction, disjunction and negation as the sole propositional connectives. Then the question of expanding FDE with an implication connective is of course of great interest. In this sense, some implicative expansions of FDE have been proposed in the literature, among which Brady’s logic BN4 seems to be the preferred option of relevant logicians. The aim of this paper is to define a class of implicative expansions of FDE in whose elements Boolean negation is definable, whence strong logics such as the paraconsistent and paracomplete logic PŁ4 and BN4 itself are definable, in addition to classical propositional logic.

This work explores ceramic additive manufacturing in combination with liquid metal infiltration for the production of degradable interpenetrating phase magnesium/hydroxyapatite (Mg/HA) composites. Material extrusion additive manufacturing was used to produce stoichiometric, and calcium deficient HA preforms with a well-controlled open pore network, allowing the customization of the topological relationship of the composite. Pure Mg and two different Mg alloys were used to infiltrate the preforms by means of an advanced liquid infiltration method inspired by spark plasma sintering, using a novel die design to avoid the structural collapse of the preform. Complete infiltration was achieved in 8 min, including the time for the Mg melting. The short processing time enabled to restrict the decomposition of HA due to the reducing capacity of liquid Mg. The pure Mg-base composites showed compressive yield strength above pure Mg in cast state. Mg alloy-based composites did not show higher strength than the bare alloys due to grain coarsening, but showed similar mechanical properties than other Mg/HA composites that have significantly higher fraction of metallic phase. The composites showed faster degradation rate under simulated body conditions than the bare metallic component due to the formation of galvanic pairs at microstructural level. Mg dissolved preferentially over HA leaving behind a scaffold after a prolonged degradation period. In turn, the fast production of soluble degradation products caused cell metabolic changes after 24 h of culture with not-diluted material extracts. The topological optimization and reduction of the degradation rate are the topics for future research.

Introducción: El profesional de la enfermería es partícipe de cambios sociales, económicos y culturales en la actualidad; al igual que del bienestar de las personas en cuanto a salud se refiere. Esta actividad involucra la capacitación de profesionales en atención del diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, a través del conocimiento y estudio en este campo. Para ello, debe establecer propuesta de concientización, prevención e intervención a problemas de salud individual y colectiva, caracterizada por una postura humanista donde el pensamiento crítico modele los nuevos retos en la gestión de calidad de servicios de salud y atención médica. Objetivo: Como objetivo se plantea el análisis teórico del pensamiento crítico en la enfermería, a través de la revisión de literatura con expresión de este concepto. Materiales y métodos: Consiste en un estudio de enfoque cualitativo-descriptivo, con un análisis de la información relacionada con los descriptores en estudio. Resultados: Los retos que enfrenta la enfermería del Siglo XXI son exigentes por los sucesos históricos, políticos, demográficos, culturales, económicos y de índole tecnológica. Y es la visión transformadora del pensamiento crítico que gestiona el fortalecimiento del desarrollo de las destrezas y habilidades de los enfermeros para la prestación de servicios de salud y atención médica. Conclusiones: El pensamiento crítico es una herramienta valiosa para la formación de los profesionales en enfermería, pues modela el cambio de pensamiento y accionar teórico-práctico, para la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos y gestión de la calidad en los servicios de salud y atención médica. A pesar de los avances de la ciencia en la salud, el pensamiento crítico muestra bajos niveles en cuanto a la formación y capacitación de estos profesionales. SUMMARYIntroduction: The nursing professional is a participant in social, economic and cultural changes at present; as well as the well-being of people in terms of health. This activity involves the training of professionals in care for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, through knowledge and study in this field. To do this, it must establish a proposal for awareness, prevention, and intervention in individual and collective health problems, characterized by a humanist position where critical thinking models the new challenges in quality management of health services and medical care. Objective: The objective is the theoretical analysis of critical thinking in nursing, through the review of literature with expression of this concept Materials and methods: It consists of a study with a qualitative-descriptive approach, with an analysis of the information related to the descriptors under study. Results: The challenges facing nursing in the 21st century are demanding due to historical, political, demographic, cultural, economic and technological events. And it is the transformative vision of critical thinking that manages the strengthening of the development of skills and abilities of nurses for the provision of health services and medical care. Conclusions: Critical thinking is a valuable tool for the training of nursing professionals, since it models the change of thought and theoretical practical actions, for the acquisition of new knowledge and quality management in health services and medical care. Despite the advances in health science, critical thinking shows low levels in terms of the education and training of these professionals

La tabla periódica es una de las principales herramientas de la ciencia. Desde la educación secundaria hasta medio superior, los estudiantes llevan al menos un curso formal donde se recurre al aprendizaje de los elementos químicos y algunas de sus propiedades. Ésta, ha sido traducida a casi todos los idiomas del mundo, sin embargo, no así a lenguas maternas. Evidentemente, es importante hacer un vínculo entre el esquema científico y cultural, para favorecer las vocaciones científicas en estudiantes de pueblos originarios. En el presente trabajo, se muestra una adaptación de la tabla periódica a la lengua náhuatl, siguiendo tres criterios de traducción específicos para tal fin; I) la etimología del nombre directo; II) la etimología de las palabras de donde proviene el nombre del elemento; III) sus características generales. Vale la pena mencionar, que de nuestro conocimiento, esta es la primera propuesta de adaptación a la lengua náhuatl de una herramienta ampliamente utilizada en la ciencia, y que puede ser una excelente propuesta para implementarla en la enseñanza de la química en escuelas de bilingües habla náhuatl.

G3 is Gödelian 3-valued logic, G3\(_\text{Ł}^\leq\) is its paraconsistent counterpart and G3\(_\text{Ł}^1\) is a strong extension of G3\(_\text{Ł}^\leq\). The aim of this paper is to endow each one of the logics just mentioned with a 2 set-up binary Routley semantics.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devasting neurodegenerative disease with no cure to date. Therapeutic agents used to treat ALS are very limited, although combined therapies may offer a more effective treatment strategy. Herein, we have studied the potential of nanomedicine to prepare a single platform based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for the treatment of an ALS animal model with a cocktail of agents such as leptin (neuroprotective) and pioglitazone (anti-inflammatory), which have already demonstrated promising therapeutic ability in other neurodegenerative diseases. Our goal is to study the potential of functionalized mesoporous materials as therapeutic agents against ALS using MSNs as nanocarriers for the proposed drug cocktail leptin/pioglitazone (bMSN-LEP-PIO/b). The nanostructured materials have been characterized by different techniques, which confirmed the incorporation of both agents in the nanosystem. Subsequently, the effect,iin vivo/i, of the proposed drug cocktail,bMSN-LEP-PIO/b, was used in the murine model of TDP-43 proteinopathy (TDP-43supA315T/supmice). Body weight loss was studied, and using the rotarod test, motor performance was assessed, observing a continuous reduction in body weight and motor coordination in TDP-43supA315T/supmice and wild-type (WT) mice. Nevertheless, the disease progression was slower and showed significant improvements in motor performance, indicating that TDP-43supA315T/supmice treated withbMSN-LEP-PIO/bseem to have less energy demand in the late stage of the symptoms of ALS. Collectively, these results seem to indicate the efficiency of the systemsiin vivo/iand the usefulness of their use in neurodegenerative models, including ALS.

Anteriormente la gestión de riesgo a desastres se enfocaba en la respuesta ante un desastre, sin embargo esta se constituye como un sistema complejo, por consiguiente, es desordenado y difuso no puede tratarse desde sus componentes sino verse como un todo lo cual requiere un tratamiento interdisciplinario. El abordaje interdisciplinario que requiere la gestión de riesgo involucra a la academia, la cual puede apoyar a los cuerpos de protección civil fortaleciendo capacidades y gestionando conocimiento. La vulnerabilidad y la resiliencia son propiedades estructurales del sistema para disminuir la primera y aumentar la segunda es necesario hacer cambios generales en la estructura para que esté equilibrado. El fortalecimiento de los sistemas comunitarios de riesgo tiene incidencia en la reducción de la vulnerabilidad pero no resuelve el resto de los problemas estructurales. La reducción integral vulnerabilidad puede equilibrar el sistema complejo y de esta forma reducir el riesgo a desastres y evitar que surjan nuevos. Palabras clave: Sistemas complejos, Riesgo, Vulnerabilidad, Resiliencia, Interdisciplinario

Editorial: Leer y escribir, ¿para qué?, No. 10, junio-diciembre 2012

Introduction: Neoplasms are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, identifying trends in mortality is important for the establishment of prevention and diagnostic strategies in susceptible populations. Objective: To identify the main types of cancer in death women of reproductive ages in Chiapas, the socioeconomic factors, and mortality rates due to these causes. Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional, study, based on an analysis of national mortality databases. The universe corresponded to cancer deaths in Mexico during the period 2016-2020, the sample corresponded to cancer deaths in women in Chiapas aged 15 to 44 years in the same period. Results: 3.6% of deaths due to neoplasms in Mexico occurred in Chiapas (15,814). A total of 104 different types of cancer were registered in the state. The most frequent were malignant cervix tumors with 19.2% (n= 263), malignant breast tumor with 12.5% (n=171) and malignant stomach tumor with 9.1% (n=125). The specific mortality rate for cancer in the state in 2020 corresponded to 10.4 per 100,000 women. Conclusions: Cancer mortality at the state level has been maintained with minimal percentage differences each year (0.7%), but exceeds the projected at a national level. The most frequent types of cancer associated with deaths of women in Chiapas are cervical, breast, and stomach cancer.

We aimed to examine whether anthropometric indices, dietary factors, and nutrient intakes of women with and without breast cancer (BrCa) are associated with the oxidative balance score (OBS). This case-control study was carried out among 253 patients with BrCa and 267 healthy subjects aged18 years. The OBS was calculated by using the following 13 dietary and non-dietary anti- and prooxidant components: dietary antioxidants (selenium, fiber, β-carotene, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, and folate), dietary prooxidants (iron and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids), and nondietary anti- (physical activity) and prooxidants (smoking and obesity). The binary logistic regression was used to determine the association OBS with BrCa. After adjusting for potential confounders in the final model, there was evidence that the odds of BrCa decreased with increasing categories of the OBS (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.28 - 0.98; P-trend = 0.021). When we made stratified analysis by menopausal status, OBS was inversely associated with odds of BrCa in premenopausal women after adjusting for potential confounders. No significant association was found between OBS and odds of BrCa among post-menopausal women. Our data suggest that OBS scores were associated with decreased BrCa risk in the overall population.

El docente tiene un rol fundamental en la consecución de una atención a la diversidad de calidad en las aulas, siendo imprescindible una adecuada formación que permita asegurar una respuesta educativa acorde a la heterogeneidad y diversidad de necesidades presentes en todo el alumnado. El propósito de este estudio reside en conocer la percepción de futuros docentes acerca de los conocimientos adquiridos sobre la atención a la diversidad en el Máster de Formación del Profesorado de la Universidad de Murcia. Se ha utilizado un diseño no experimental, descriptivo y transversal de carácter cuantitativo. La muestra invitada han sido todos los estudiantes matriculados en el máster mencionado del curso 2020/2021; 461 alumnos repartidos en 18 grupos según su especialidad. Finalmente, los participantes en el estudio han sido 195, concretamente, 118 mujeres y 77 hombres con edades comprendidas entre 22 y 58 años, lo que supone una representatividad del 95% y un margen de error inferior al 5%. El instrumento utilizado consistió en el Cuestionario para futuros docentes de Educación Secundaria acerca de las percepciones sobre atención a la diversidad: construcción y validación del instrumento, de Colmenero y Pegalajar (2015), con un Alfa de Crobach de p = 0.915. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes del estudio no se sienten suficientemente capacitados para abordar el reto de dar una respuesta educativa a la diversidad en las aulas después de cursar el máster, aunque manifiestan una postura positiva hacia ella. Como conclusión, resalta la necesidad de incluir en dicha titulación de posgrado una mayor carga de actividades prácticas sobre atención a la diversidad, buscando la asimilación de conceptos teóricos-prácticos por parte del alumnado.

The well-known logic first degree entailment logic (FDE), introduced by Belnap and Dunn, is defined with $\wedge $, $\vee $ and $\sim $ as the sole primitive connectives. The aim of this paper is to establish the lattice formed by the class of all 4-valued C-extending implicative expansions of FDE verifying the axioms and rules of Routley and Meyer’s basic logic B and its useful disjunctive extension B$^{\textrm {d}}$. It is to be noted that Boolean negation (so, classical propositional logic) is definable in the strongest element in the said class.

We analyze the physical conditions and chemical composition of the photoionized Herbig-Haro object HH~514, which emerges from the proplyd 170-337 in the core of the Orion Nebula. We use high-spectral resolution spectroscopy from UVES at the Very Large Telescope and IFU-spectra from MEGARA at the Gran Telescopio de Canarias. We observe two components of HH~514, the jet base and a knot, with $n_{\rm e}= (2.3 \pm 0.1) \times 10^5 \text{cm}^{-3}$ and $n_{\rm e}= (7 \pm 1) \times 10^4 \text{cm}^{-3}$, respectively, both with $T_{\rm e}\approx 9000 \text{ K}$. We show that the chemical composition of HH~514 is consistent with that of the Orion Nebula, except for Fe, Ni and S, which show higher abundances. The enhanced abundances of Fe and Ni observed in HH objects compared with the general interstellar medium is usually interpreted as destruction of dust grains. The observed sulphur overabundance (more than two times solar) is challenging to explain since the proplyd photoevaporation flow from the same disk shows normal sulphur abundance. If the aforementioned S-overabundance is due to dust destruction, the formation of sulfides and/or other S-bearing dust reservoirs may be linked to planet formation processes in protoplanetary disks, which filter large sulfide dust grains during the accretion of matter from the disk to the central star. We also show that published kinematics of molecular emission close to the central star are not consistent with either a disk perpendicular to the optical jet, nor with an outflow that is aligned with it., 19 pages, 9 figures. HH514. Accepted to be published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Background: The World Health Organization catalogues illnesses such as Chagas disease as neglected diseases, due to the low investment in new drugs to fight them. The search for novel and non-side effects anti-parasitic compounds is one of the urgent needs of the Third World. The use of triazolopyrimidines and their metal complexes have demonstrated hopeful results in this field. Objective: This work studies the antiparasitic efficacy against Trypanosoma cruzi strains of a series of zinc triazolopyrimidine complexes. Method: A series of Zn complexes has been synthesized by the reaction between the triazolopyrimidine derivatives 7-amino-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (7atp) and 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine (dmtp) with Zn(SO4) · 7H2O, ZnCl2, and Zn(NO3)2 · 6H2O salts. The complexes have been analyzed by spectroscopic and thermal assays and X-ray diffraction methods have been used to dilucidate the crystalline structure of one of them. The antiparasitic efficacy was tested in vitro against Trypanosoma cruzi to compare the trypanocidal effect of different ligands and counteranions to fight Chagas disease. Results: The efficacy of these compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi has also been tested to compare the influence of different ligands and counteranions on the trypanocidal effect against Chagas disease. Conclusion: Antiproliferative tests corroborate the synergistic trypanocidal effect of the triazolopyrimidine coordination complexes.

The logic E4 is related to Brady’s BN4 in a similar way to which Anderson and Belnap’s logic of entailment E is related to their logic of the relevant implication R. In ‘A companion to Brady’s 4-valued relevant logic: the 4-valued logic of entailment E4’, quoted in this paper, three alternatives to BN4 and another three to E4 are summarily introduced in a couple of pages as the only alternatives containing Routley and Meyer’s basic logic B, provided some conditions are fulfilled. The aim of this note is to prove (i) BN4 and its three alternatives are the same logic up to some point, since they are functionally equivalent to each other, as it is the case with E4 and its three alternatives, which are also functionally equivalent to each other; (ii) to some extent, E4 is superior to BN4, since the latter is functionally included in the former, but not conversely.

En este trabajo se presenta el experimento que realizaron los alumnos que, representando a los 32 estados federativos de México, participaron a la XXIII Olimpiada Nacional de Química, organizada por la Academia Mexicana de Ciencias y la Universidad Nacional de México. El experimento consistió en la reducción de la benzofenona a benzhidrol, utilizando borohidruro de sodio (NaBH4), siguiendo dos principios de la química sostenible: se utiliza agua como disolvente y la reacción se lleva a cabo a temperatura ambiente.

Este artículo explora los aspectos particulares del llamado art brut con respecto de las expresiones artísticas de raíces africanas. En principio, las artes plásticas del continente negro sirvieron como influencia para el proyecto del pintor francés Jean Dubuffet, quien reconocía sus valores “primitivos” o “salvajes”, equiparándolos con creaciones realizadas por pacientes de hospitales mentales. La crítica a esta categorización heredera del colonialismo europeo se complementa con un repaso breve por las más recientes variaciones teóricas conocidas como outsider art y folk art, que retoman trabajos de afrodescendientes surgidos de contextos tan dispares como Cuba, Ghana o Benín, y les imponen su signo de globalización. Ya en el siglo XXI, Brasil resulta un caso peculiar, pues aunque está inscrito en el circuito mercantil del art brut, cuenta además con una propia tradición de arte psicoterapéutico. Al centrarnos en el análisis estético y cultural de los trabajos de dos creadores marginales afrobrasileños (Antônio Roseno de Lima y Arthur Bispo do Rosário), quienes realizaron importantes proyectos en condiciones adversas y motivados por razones distintas, se concluye que la expresión creativa es también un acto de resistencia que no debe circunscribirse a las fórmulas dadas por la historia del arte ni la red institucionalizada.

La introducción del concepto de Cosecha Asistida en la recolección de café en Colombia implica la adopción de tres prácticas que pueden usarse de manera aditiva y escalarse independientemente del tamaño de la finca: retención de pases, recolección con lonas y uso de la Derribadora DSC18. Las pruebas de campo indican que el aumento en la masa de café cosechable producto de la retención, más la reducción de movimientos para desprender los frutos del árbol al usar las lonas, pueden incrementar la eficiencia de la recolección en un 40%, y que el uso de la máquina DSC-18 puede aumentar esa eficiencia en 180% en promedio. La reducción del costo unitario (COP/kg), que puede ser de un 50% o más, permite un margen de maniobra donde el recolector y el productor de café puedan acordar precios de cosecha que generen ganancias para ambas partes. De esta manera, la Cosecha Asistida contribuye a mejorar la rentabilidad en la finca a través de beneficios económicos por una mayor productividad de la mano de obra en la labor de recolección, y favorece a los recolectores haciendo más cómoda y eficiente su labor, con una mejor remuneración.

βCD dendritic derivatives are stable and suitable nanocarriers to enhance ABZ potency by improving solubility and permeation.

This work explores the possibility of manufacturing dense and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) large monoliths by spark plasma extrusion (SPE). This method combines uniaxial mechanical compression, high temperature, and electromagnetic field to promote the extrusion and sintering of HA powder in one single step. The results show that the binder-free extrusion of pre-compacted HA powder is feasible at a temperature similar to the temperature at which nanocrystalline HA shows superplastic behavior. The extrusion continues throughout the sliding and rotation of the particles, and also due to the grain boundary sliding, up to the point where no more material is available, thus producing monoliths of nearly 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter. The dehydration and smooth surface of the powder appear as paramount factors to facilitate the HA extrusion without additives. The extruded HA preserved the stoichiometry and nanometric grain size and exhibited preferential microstructural alignment in the direction of extrusion. The material experiences local thermal and pressure gradients during extrusion, producing different densification and hardness along its length. The SPE of HA will benefit the healthcare field by offering new processing approaches of bone substitutes and osteosynthesis devices.

South America, once an epicenter of COVID-19, has stayed on the road of continued management of the pandemic. The region initially struggled to cope with the pandemic as it experienced spiraling numbers of infections and overwhelmed public health systems. South America has risen in its pandemic response to be the region with the highest global vaccination rate. The region posed a strong vaccination drive, with over 76% of its population fully vaccinated with the initial protocol. South America leveraged its deeply rooted vaccination culture and public health confidence among its population. Herd immunity is an integral concept in population infectious disease management. Attaining herd immunity is presently not feasible with available vaccines, but the high vaccination rate in the region depicts the acceptance of vaccination as a strategy for population protection. The availability of effective transmission-blocking vaccines, the continuous implementation of strategies that will enable the undisrupted supply of the vaccines, equity in access to the vaccines, improved vaccine acceptance, and trust in the vaccination and public health systems will help shepherd the region towards herd immunity. Local vaccine production backed with investment in infrastructure and international collaboration for research and knowledge development will also drive population safety.

The chemical composition of COVID test swabs has not been examined beyond the manufacturers’ datasheets. Given the unprecedented demand for swabs to conduct rapid lateral flow tests and nucleic acid amplification tests, which led to mass production, including 3-D printing platforms, it is plausible that manufacturing impurities could be present in the swabs and, if so, could pose a risk for human health. We used scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy to examine the ultrastructure of five assorted brands of COVID test swabs, and to identify and quantify their chemical elements. We detected unexpected elements, including transition metals, such as titanium and zirconium, as well as aluminium, silicon, and fluorine. The amount of some of the detected elements is close to reported toxicological thresholds for inhalation routes. Experimental studies have shown that detrimental effects of the unexpected chemical elements include moderate to severe inflammatory states in the exposed epithelium as well as proliferative changes. Given the massive testing still being used in the context of the COVID pandemic, often as requisites for travelling, attending universities, or as mandatory work policies, we urge caution in continuing to recommend repeated and frequent testing, particularly of healthy, non-symptomatic, individuals.

Solubility in water, free energy of solvation (ΔGsolv) and free energy of hydration (ΔGhyd) were determined for 86 organic liquids using Molecular Dynamics simulations in order to find out the relation among these properties. Both, correlation between ΔGhyd and solubility and correlation between ΔGsolv and solubility are not clearly defined. However, by defining Δs=ΔGsolv−ΔGhyd, it is found a numerical relation between Δs and solubility. This result was verified for pentane, ethanol and, hexanol of three different force fields (TraPPE-UA, CHARMM and, GROMOS). Also, it was studied the relation of these properties by increasing hydrophobicity in a functional group through the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon chain. In this last case, the mentioned relation was also found.

We use the PyNeb 1.1.16 Python package to evaluate the atomic datasets available for the spectral modeling of [Fe II] and [Fe III], which list level energies, A-values, and effective collision strengths. Most datasets are reconstructed from the sources, and new ones are incorporated to be compared with observed and measured benchmarks. For [Fe III], we arrive at conclusive results that allow us to select the default datasets, while for [Fe II], the conspicuous temperature dependency on the collisional data becomes a deterrent. This dependency is mainly due to the singularly low critical density of the $\mathrm{3d^7\ a\,^4F_{9/2}}$ metastable level that strongly depends on both the radiative and collisional data, although the level populating by fluorescence pumping from the stellar continuum cannot be ruled out. A new version of PyNeb (1.1.17) is released containing the evaluated datasets., Comment: 16 Tables, 16 Figures. Atoms, Vol. 11, page 63

The eighteenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) is the first one for SDSS-V, the fifth generation of the survey. SDSS-V comprises three primary scientific programs, or "Mappers": Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Black Hole Mapper (BHM), and Local Volume Mapper (LVM). This data release contains extensive targeting information for the two multi-object spectroscopy programs (MWM and BHM), including input catalogs and selection functions for their numerous scientific objectives. We describe the production of the targeting databases and their calibration- and scientifically-focused components. DR18 also includes ~25,000 new SDSS spectra and supplemental information for X-ray sources identified by eROSITA in its eFEDS field. We present updates to some of the SDSS software pipelines and preview changes anticipated for DR19. We also describe three value-added catalogs (VACs) based on SDSS-IV data that have been published since DR17, and one VAC based on the SDSS-V data in the eFEDS field., Comment: Accepted to ApJS

La implementación de una estructura organizacional junto con manuales funcionales es de gran importancia pues es una guía para desarrollar de mejor manera las funciones de cada cargo y apropiar un buen clima laboral de la empresa. El objetivo del artículo es presentar la propuesta de un Manual de Organización basado en la problemática que se presenta internamente en la empresa Distribuidora Farmacéutica Manabí S.A. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, explicativa, con métodos mixtos. Las técnicas empleadas fue la encuesta, la entrevista y la observación. Los instrumentos el cuestionario, el guion de preguntas y la ficha de observación. La población estuvo conformada por la totalidad de trabajadores de la empresa, siendo estos 12 empleados. Los resultados más relevantes arrojaron en un 100% que la empresa no cuenta con un manual de organización o funciones, un 75% de los informantes opino que las funciones administrativas no se cumplen, 13 los encuestados indicaron que es muy importante la existencia de un manual de organización dentro de la empresa, indicando positivamente un 75%. Concluyendo que existe la necesidad del diseñar un Manual de Organización donde se definan funciones, líneas de autoridad, responsabilidad y rediseñar el Organigrama con los perfiles acorde a cada área de la empresa.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar la implementación de un Manual de Funciones en la empresa Laboratorio ECOPHARMA S.A. El manual de funciones es un instrumento de trabajo que contiene el conjunto de normas y tareas que desarrolla cada funcionario en sus actividades cotidianas dentro de una empresa. La metodología utilizada se basó en un estudio cuanti-cualitativo, de tipo descriptiva – explicativa. La población objeto de estudio estuvo constituida por 04 trabajadores del área de la empresa ECOPHARMA S.A, tomando como muestra a toda la población. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta, la entrevista y la observación directa. Los instrumentos fueron el guion semiestructurado, el cuestionario conformado de 10 preguntas cerradas tanto politómicas como dicotómicas, y la nota de campo. Los resultados evidenciaron que el 75.00% de los empleados consideran que la empresa Laboratorio ECOPHARMA S.A. no dispone de funciones establecidas y al 75,00% estima que no hay un adecuado control interno ni de funciones, como consecuencia pueden estar realizando la duplicidad de estas. Resultados que coinciden con las respuestas tanto de las entrevistas, como de la observación directa donde los informantes manifestaron que la empresa no cuente con una estructura ni un manual de funciones específico para cada área. Por lo que existe la necesidad de implementar un manual de funciones donde se establezcan las funciones laborales de los empleos que conforman la compañía y también los requerimientos exigidos para el desempeño del mismo.

This paper proposes a definition of a fuzzy partition element based on the homomorphism between type-1 fuzzy sets and the three-valued Kleene algebra. A new clustering method based on the C-means algorithm, using the defined partition, is presented in this paper, which will be validated with the traditional iris clustering problem by measuring its petals.

The university is a community of interests where educational processes are their core emerging actions within their institutional dynamics. The technification of the educational process has been going on for more than a decade, but it has had a dizzying growth in the last two years due to the CODIV-19 pandemic. Therefore, the research objective was to interpret the experiences of professors from the Yacambú University on university social responsibility (USR) in education mediated by technologies associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, this carried research was out under a qualitative approach of an interpretive paradigm. The epistemological plane was assumed from social constructionism to understand the meanings that emerged from the dialogical exchange between the researcher and key informants, all with the support of the phenomenological-hermeneutical method. The sample is based on the archiving of opinions of 4 professors assigned to the Faculty of Humanities of the Yacambú University with functions of teaching, research, extension, management. As a finding of this research, it was obtained that universities are institutions of great relevance for the social development of a nation since they respond to the needs of populations, attending to emerging problems resulting from an investigative activity, thus managing to vindicate their role of social responsibility. Likewise, it was concluded to determine the importance of the technological aspect for a consolidation of the teacher and student in their current context., La universidad es una comunidad de intereses donde los procesos educativos tienen como médula acciones emergentes dentro de su dinámica institucional. La tecnificación del proceso educativo lleva más de una década, pero ha tenido un vertiginoso crecimiento en los dos últimos años debido a la pandemia por CODIV-19. Por ello, el objetivo de la investigación fue interpretar experiencias de docentes de la Universidad Yacambú sobre la responsabilidad social universitaria (RSU) en educación mediada por tecnologías asociada a la pandemia COVID-19. En este sentido, esta investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo de paradigma interpretativo. El plano epistemológico fue asumido desde el construccionismo social para así comprender los significados emergidos del intercambio dialógico entre el investigador e informantes clave, todo ello con apoyo del método fenomenológico-hermenéutico. La muestra partido del arqueo de opiniones de 4 profesores adscritos a Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad Yacambú con funciones de docencia, investigación, extensión, gestión. Como hallazgo de esta investigación, se obtuvieron que las universidades son instituciones de gran relevancia para el desarrollo social de una nación, pues responde a necesidades de poblaciones, atendiendo a problemáticas emergentes producto de una actividad investigativa, logrando así reivindicar su papel de responsabilidad social. Igualmente, se concluyó con la determinación de lo importante del aspecto tecnológico para una consolidación del docente y estudiante en su contexto actual.

Lignocellulose nanofiber incorporated N-TiO2 mat, LCNF/N-TiO2, was successfully developed using a simple solvent casting technique and utilized to address skin damages. This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of the LCNF mat using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. The FT-IR and diffractogram signal confirmed the presence of N-TiO2 on the LCNF mat surface. The obtained microphotograph from the morphological analysis provided evidence of the formation of N-TiO2 particle aggregates on the LCNF mat surface. The enhancement of cell proliferation showed the biocompatibility effect of LCNF/N-TiO2. This result could be used as a baseline to develop the LCNF/N-TiO2 mat for advanced tissue engineering studies.

espanolObjetivo: El presente estudio se plantea como objetivo principal analizar como la resiliencia de los padres de ninos diagnosticados con enfermedad oncologica influye en la percepcion de estres y en la satisfaccion vital. Metodologia: Participaron 112 padres de ninos con patologia oncologica que recibian tratamiento en Malaga. Los datos fueron recogidos a traves de medidas de autoinforme. Resultados: Existe una relacion significativa y negativa entre la resiliencia y el estres percibido, y una relacion significativa y positiva entre la resiliencia y la satisfaccion vital. En el estudio por dimensiones de la resiliencia y el estres, la competencia personal de los padres disminuye el estres R2 = 0,24; F = 12,12; p EnglishObjective: The main objective of this study is to analyze how the resilience of the parents of children diagnosed with oncological disease influences the perception of stress and life satisfaction. Methodology: 112 parents of children with oncological pathology who received treatment in Malaga participated. Data were collected through self-report measures. Results: There is a significant and negative relationship between resilience and perceived stress, and a significant and positive relationship between resilience and life satisfaction. In the study by dimensions of resilience and stress, the personal competence of parents decreases stress R2 = 0.24; F = 12.12; p

Background: the assessment of diet quality (DQ) is fundamental to the study of disease-diet associations, and it is necesary to implement an easy to-apply tool in nursing homes (NHs). Our objective was to propose and apply a novel diet quality indicator (DQIn) using an a priori approach for NHs. Methods: the QUality Index for Nutrition in Nursing homes (QUINN) was implemented in a public NH located in Valladolid, Spain, during a 5-week period (n = 137 subjects). The choice of the QUINN components was based on a rapid review. The QUINN was based on 15 dietary components - 12 were basic (vegetables, fruits, legumes, olive oil, cereals, dairy, white fish and seafood, white-meat, eggs/positive; other fats, red and processed meat, and sweets/negative), and 3 were supplementary (fruits and vegetables variety, oily-fish, and whole-grains/positive). Each component was classified into 4-categories (0, 1, 2 o 3 points; range: 0-45 points). Results: the QUINN was tested on a menu offered by a NH giving a result of 34 points (good diet). The components with the highest scores were related to the Mediterranean diet (high consumption of legumes, olive oil, white fish and shellfish; low intake of other fats; and a wide variety of fruits and vegetables), together with cereals, white meat, dairy, and eggs. The components that required a major change were red- and processed-meats, sweets, and whole grains. Conclusion: the menu of this Spanish NH showed a good DQ according to the QUINN. The assessment of the DQ in NHs using QUINN will allow the proposal of interventions aimed at improving their diet.Antecedentes: la valoración de la calidad de la dieta es fundamental para el estudio de las asociaciones enfermedad-dieta, y es necesario implantar una herramienta de fácil aplicación en las residencias de ancianos. Nuestro objetivo fue proponer y aplicar un nuevo indicador de calidad de la dieta (diet quality indicator, DQIn) utilizando un enfoque a priori para su utilización en residencias de ancianos. Métodos: el Índice de Calidad Nutricional en Residencias de Ancianos (QUality Index for Nutrition in Nursing homes, QUINN) se aplicó en una residencia pública de Valladolid durante un periodo de 5 semanas (n = 137 sujetos). La elección de los componentes del QUINN se basó en una revisión rápida. En el QUINN se consideraron 15 componentes dietéticos, 12 básicos (verduras, frutas, legumbres, aceite de oliva, cereales, lácteos, pescado blanco y marisco, carnes blancas, huevos/positivos; otras grasas, carnes rojas y procesadas, y dulces/negativos) y 3 adicionales (variedad de frutas y verduras, pescado azul, y cereales integrales/positivos). Cada componente se clasificó en 4 categorías (0, 1, 2 o 3 puntos; rango: 0-45 puntos). Resultados: el QUINN se aplicó en el menú ofertado por una residencia de ancianos dando un resultado de 34 puntos (dieta de buena calidad). Los componentes con mayor puntuación estaban relacionados con la dieta mediterránea (alto consumo de legumbres, aceite de oliva, pescado blanco y marisco, bajo consumo de otras grasas y variedad de frutas y verduras), junto con los cereales, las carnes blancas, los lácteos y los huevos. Los componentes que requerían un cambio importante fueron las carnes rojas y procesadas, los dulces y los cereales integrales. Conclusión: el menú de esta residencia de ancianos situada en España mostró una calidad de la dieta buena según el QUINN. La evaluación de la calidad de la dieta en las residencias de ancianos mediante el QUINN permitirá proponer intervenciones para mejorar la dieta.

Moments of High Receptiveness (MoHR) offer support to active dynamic psychotherapy.

El objetivo del artículo es evidenciar la importancia que tienen los grupos de acción y la aplicación de tecnología no solo en la producción de maíz sino también en los ingresos económicos de los agricultores. Los grupos de acción constituyen el medio para hacer compras consolidadas de insumos, gestionar recursos financieros y favorecer una mejor comercialización del producto. La metodología consistió en sistematizar información del seguimiento de un grupo de acción constituido por diez productores que aplicaron tecnología mejorada para producir maíz; esta información se complementó con una encuesta socioeconómica de 30 agricultores de tres municipios. Los resultados indican que la integración de grupos de acción permite incrementar los rendimientos en casi un 50% más respecto al grupo testigo, obteniendo una relación b/c de 2,44 en promedio. En conclusión, se produce un volumen de producción de maíz suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades de autoconsumo de las familias y excedentes para la venta; estos niveles de producción favorecen la reproducción de las familias rurales. Este artículo aporta información para la toma de decisiones en la implementación de programas de producción de maíz en otras localidades.//The aim of this study is to show the importance of action groups and the application of technology, not only in corn production but also in the economic income of farmers. Action groups are the means to make consolidated purchases of inputs, manage financial resources and promote better marketing of the product. The methodology consisted of systematizing information from the follow-up of an action group made up of ten producers who applied improved technology to produce corn; this information was complemented with a socioeconomic survey of 30 farmers from three municipalities. The results indicate that the integration of action groups allows to increase the yields by almost 50% more with respect to the control group and a b/c ratio is obtained, on average, of 2.44 on average. In conclusion, a sufficient volume of maize production is produced to satisfy the families’ self-consumption needs and surpluses for sale. These production levels favor the reproduction of rural families. This article provides information for decisionmaking in the implementation of corn production programs in other locations.

Let \(A_{0},A_{1},...,A_{n}\) be (possibly) distintict wffs, \(n\) being an odd number equal to or greater than 1. Intuitionistic Propositional Logic IPC plus the axiom \((A_{0}\rightarrow A_{1})\vee ...\vee (A_{n-1}\rightarrow A_{n})\vee (A_{n}\rightarrow A_{0})\) is equivalent to Gödel-Dummett logic LC. However, if \(n\) is an even number equal to or greater than 2, IPC plus the said axiom is a sublogic of LC.

Purpose The goal of this work is to validate the user-friendly Geant4-based Monte Carlo toolkit TOol for PArticle Simulation (TOPAS) for brachytherapy applications. Methods and Materials Brachytherapy simulations performed with TOPAS were systematically compared with published TG-186 reference data. The photon emission energy spectrum, the air-kerma strength, and the dose-rate constant of the model-based dose calculation algorithm (MBDCA)-WG generic Ir-192 source were extracted. For dose calculations, a track-length estimator was implemented. The four Joint AAPM/ESTRO/ABG MBDCA-WG test cases were evaluated through histograms of the local and global dose difference volumes. A prostate, a palliative lung, and a breast case were simulated. For each case, the dose ratio map, the histogram of the global dose difference volume, and cumulative dose-volume histograms were calculated. Results The air-kerma strength was (9.772 ± 0.001) × 10−8 U Bq−1 (within 0.3% of the reference value). The dose-rate constant was 1.1107 ± 0.0005 cGy h−1 U−1 (within 0.01% of the reference value). For all cases, at least 96.9% of voxels had a local dose difference within [−1%, 1%] and at least 99.9% of voxels had a global dose difference within [−0.1%, 0.1%]. The implemented track-length estimator scorer was more efficient than the default analog dose scorer by a factor of 237. For all clinical cases, at least 97.5% of voxels had a global dose difference within [−1%, 1%]. Dose-volume histograms were consistent with the reference data. Conclusions TOPAS was validated for high-dose-rate brachytherapy simulations following the TG-186 recommended approach for MBDCAs. Built on top of Geant4, TOPAS provides broad access to a state-of-the-art Monte Carlo code for brachytherapy simulations.