1. Optimization for quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction of mycotoxins and veterinary drugs by response surface methodology for application to egg and milk
- Author
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Jingshun Zhang, Jiao-Jiao Xu, Jian Zhou, Zengxuan Cai, Junlin Wang, Yiping Ren, and Jin-Mi Cong
- Subjects
Aflatoxin ,Veterinary Drugs ,Central composite design ,Eggs ,Quechers ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Limit of Detection ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Animals ,Response surface methodology ,Mycotoxin ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Chromatography ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Solid Phase Extraction ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,Mycotoxins ,0104 chemical sciences ,Milk ,Food Analysis ,Sterigmatocystin ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
A multiclass method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of various classes of veterinary drugs (n = 65), mycotoxins and metabolites (n = 39) in egg and milk by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The contaminants were extracted by QuEChERS-based strategy including salt-out partitioning and dispersive solid-phase extraction for cleanup further. With the aim of maximizing throughput and extraction efficiency, Plackett-Burman design was employed initially for screening significant variables. And response surface methodology based on central composite design was conducted to achieve optimal conditions in details: 3.35% (v/v) of formic acid in acetonitrile, 1.2 g of NaCl, 0.5 g of anhydrous NaAc, 300 mg of C18 and 140 mg of primary secondary amine. Satisfactory analytical characteristics in validation, in aspects of accuracy (70%-105% for mycotoxins and quinolones, 55%-80% for sulphonamides and 40%-105% for other veterinary drugs), precision (inter-day RSDs 14%) and sensitivity (LOQs ranged from 0.01 μg/kg to 31 μg/kg), were achieved under the optimized conditions. The matrix effects were evaluated and compensated by the use of matrix-matched calibration curves (R
- Published
- 2017