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Amorphophallus konjac is one of the important commercial crops cultivated in south China and has long been used as a food source and a traditional medicine, because it is the only species with glucomannan and other trace elements (Ban et al. 2009; Melinda et al. 2010). In June of 2021, an outbreak of stem soft rot disease was observed on A. konjac plants in more than 2,000 square meters of agricultural planting fields in the Fuyuan country (25°34'50″N, 104°04'21″E), Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China. The disease incidence ranged from 30 to 35% in severely infested fields. The diseased plants displayed the first symptoms were damp brown spots. As the brown spots expanded, dark brown water stains appeared at the basal part of the stem and the bulbs were rotting with a foul smell, gradually extending to the underground parts. Progressively, the whole plants wilted and collapsed, and even the plants ultimately died. To identify the pathogen, symptomatic stems were cut into pieces, surface sterilized with 75% (v/v) ethanol, and placed on LB (tryptone/yeast extract/NaCl) medium for 24 to 48 hours at 28 ± 2°C. Six single-colony isolates were obtained from the diseased stems. The colonies on LB present a raised milky white opaque colonies moisture on the surface, round and convex in shape, with neat edges. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cells were short rods (0.3∼0.5) × (1.9∼2.1)μm in size without any flagellum and were often arranged in pairs or clusters at certain angles. The 16S rDNA sequence of the randomly selected strain MY-G1 with primers 27F/1492R (Ying et al. 2012) and the housekeeping genes nusA, eno, lepA and nuoL (Spilker et al. 2012) were amplified and sequenced. The 16S rDNA sequence of the 1326 bp product was deposited in GenBank (accession no. ON786717) and showed a 99.77% similarity to A. xylosoxidans strain E2 (accession no. MK849863.1). The nusA (OP680477), eno (OP680479), lepA (OP680481) and nuoL (OP680482) sequences showed 94.71%, 97.24%, 94.64% and 95.95% similarity to A. xylosoxidans strain DN002 (accession no. CP045222.1), respectively. The phylogenetic trees built based on 16S rRNA and the nusA-eno-lepA-nuoL multilocus analysis showed the isolate MY-G1 to cluster with A. xylosoxidans. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, the isolated MY-G1 was identified as A. xylosoxidans, which indicates that MY-G1 is a new strain of A. xylosoxidans. Pathogenicity tests were confirmed on the stem and petiole of one-year-old A. konjac. The wounds were made by puncturing with a MY-G1 bacteria suspension containing 108 CFU/ml (15ul/inoculation site). As a negative control, control seedlings were injected with the same amount of sterilized distilled water. Control and inoculated seedlings (each six) were kept in greenhouses and watered as needed in controlled conditions: 28°C, 75% relative humidity. Inoculated seedlings presented similar symptoms of stem soft rot, inner medulla disintegration, and wilt of leaves on developed within 3 to 9 days. The bacterial pathogen was re-isolated from inoculated seedlings and identified by morphological and molecular methods to fulfill Koch's postulates test. According to previous research, A. xylosoxidans can cross-kingdom infect animals and plants (Aisenberg et al.,2004; Ye et al.,2018). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. xylosoxidans causing stem soft rot of A. konjac in China, expanding the known pathogen for the soft rot of A. konjac, and also the host range of A. xylosoxidans.

As a dietary and medicinal plant, Dendrobium fimbriatum (DF) is widely utilized in China for improving stomach disease for centuries. However, the underlying mechanisms against gastric mucosal injury have not been fully disclosed. Here, metabolomics and proteomics were integrated to clarify the in-depth molecular mechanisms using cyclophosphamide-induced gastric mucosal injury model in mice. As a result, three metabolic pathways, such as creatine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism were hit contributing to DF protective benefits. Additionally, γ-L-glutamyl-putrescine, cytosine, and thymine might be the eligible biomarkers to reflect gastric mucosal injury tatus, and DF anti-gastric mucosal injury effects were mediated by the so-called target proteins such as Ckm, Arg1, Ctps2, Pycr3, and Cmpk2. This finding provided meaningful information for the molecular mechanisms of DF and also offered a promising strategy to clarify the therapeutic mechanisms of functional foods.

As a dietary and medicinal plant

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (TLI) can regress or resolve in the early phase, but it is irreversible at a later stage. However, no study has proposed a risk-based follow-up schedule for its early detection. Planning evaluation is difficult when dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters are similar and optimization is terminated. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study included 6065 patients between 2014 and 2018. A 3D ResNet-based deep learning model was developed in training and validation cohorts and independently tested using concordance index in internal and external test cohorts. Accordingly, the patients were stratified into risk groups, and the model-predicted risks were used to develop risk-based follow-up schedules. The schedule was compared with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) recommendation (every 3 months during the first 2 years and every 6 months in 3–5 years). Additionally, the model was used to evaluate plans with similar DVH parameters. FINDINGS: Our model achieved concordance indexes of 0.831, 0.818, and 0.804, respectively, which outperformed conventional prediction models (all P

Three cancer cell lines including gastric cancer SGC-7901, HGC-27, and MGC-803 cells were employed to evaluate the bioactivity of seven Dendrobium species. Simultaneously, these Dendrobium species were assessed with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and 504 common peaks were found. Based on the hypothesis that biological effects varied with differences in components, multivariate relevance analysis for chemical component-activity relationship of Dendrobium, including grey relation(GRA) and partial least squares(PLS) analysis were performed to evaluate the contribution of each identified component. The target peaks were identified by standards toge-ther with databases of Dendrobium, Nature Chemistry, MassBank, etc. Finally, four active components, including 3,5,9-trihydroxy-23-methylergosta-7,22-dien-6-one, diacylglycerol(14∶1/22∶6/0∶0), pipercitine, and 22-tricosenoic acid, might have negative effect on the growth of gastric cancer cells.

Background:Longxuetongluo Capsule (LTC) that was prepared from the phenolic compound cluster of Chinese dragon’s blood, has been clinically utilized for years towards ischemic stroke. However, its therapeutic mechanism s remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and to explore the underlying mechanisms of LTC on ischemic stroke rats characterized by cerebral ischemia 6 re perfusion injury. Method:Ischemic stroke rats were simulated by middle cerebral artery occlusion ( and validated by the assays in terms of histological and behavioral assessments . The plasma metabolome comparisons amongst different groups were conducted by UHPLC Q Executive MS in combination with subsequent multivariate statistical analysis , aiming to finding the molecules in respond to the surgery or LTC treatment . Result:Intragastric administration of LTC significantly decreased not only the neurobehavioral abnormality scores but also the cerebral infarct area of MCAO rats. A total of 21 potential biomarkers related to ischemic stroke were observed, and 18 biomarkers (such as LysoPC, PE, SM, N1-Methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, PE (24:1/18:3 etc.) were selected after Youden index >0.7. The results showed that LTC was beneficial to ischemic stroke rats induced by ischemia reperfusion injury by Glycerophospholipid metabolism , Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis , Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and Sphingolipid metabolism Conclusion:The present study could provide evidence that metabolomics, as system systematicatic approach, revealed its capacity to evaluate tapproach, revealed its capacity to evaluate the holistic efficacy of TCM, he holistic efficacy of TCM, and investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the clinical treatment of LTC on and investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the clinical treatment of LTC on ischemic stroke. ischemic stroke.

By using pyrazine (pz) and its derivatives 2,3-naphthalenylphenazine (npz) and 2,3-diphenylpyrazine (dpz), one Lindqvist- and six Keggin-based compounds, [AgI2(npz)4(W6O19)]·npz ( 1 ), [AgI2(npz)3(HPW12O40)] ( 2 ), [AgI3(npz)4-(PMo12O40)] ( 3 ), [AgI4(pz)5(SiMo12O40)] ( 4 ), [AgI4(npz)2(pz)(PMoVMo11VIO40)] ( 5 ), [AgI4(npz)4(dpz)2(H2O)2(SiW12O40)] ( 6 ) and {AgI5KI2(npz)4(dpz)2[H(PWVW11VIO40)2]} ( 7 ), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. In compound 1 , there is a distorted “I”-type [Ag(npz)2]+ subunit with two npz arranging vertically. Two [Ag(npz)2]+ subunits support the [W6O19]2− anion symmetrically. In compound 2 , there are [Ag2-(npz)3]2+ clusters with one linking and two terminate npz, which are further linked by [PW12O40]3− anions to form a “sunrise”-like chain. In compound 3 , there exist a discrete [Ag2(npz)3]2+ cluster and a mono-supporting anion [AgI(npz)- (HPW12O40)]−. In compound 4 , there are two kinds of cycles in honeycomb-like Ag-pz layer: six-membered cycle I and eight-membered cycle II. An anion dimmer linked by a AgI ion embeds in bigger cycle II. In compound 5 , one pz and two npz are connected by four AgI ions to build a linear [Ag4(npz)2(pz)]4+ subunit. The PMo12 anions link the linear subunits alternately and a 1D chain is formed. In compound 6 , there exists discrete [Ag2(npz)2(dpz)(H2O)]2+ subunit and Keggin anion. In compound 7 , the Keggin-K inorganic chains are connected by AgI-npz-dpz subunits to form a 2D layer. The adjacent layers are further linked by anions to build a 3D framework. Moreover, we also have investigated the electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of 1 -- 7 .

By using different organic ligands, six octamolybdate hybrid compounds with different dimensionalities, namely, [Ag4 (dpz)8 (β-Mo8O26)] (1), [Cu4(dpz)8 (β-Mo8O26)] (2), [Co2(tbz)4(H2O)2 (β-Mo8O26)] (3), [Ni2(tbz)4(H2O)2 (β-Mo8O26)]·2H2O (4), [Cu(tbz) (H2O) (β-Mo8O26)1/2] (5), [Cu(btp)2(H2O) (β-Mo8O26)1/2]·2H2O (6) (dpz = 3,5-dimethyl-pyrazolidine, tbz = 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole, btp = 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propane), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, elemental analyses and IR spectra. By using a dpz ligand, two isostructural 0D compounds 1 and 2 were obtained, with four {M(dpz)2} fragments (M = Ag for 1, Cu for 2) supporting one anion. When rigid tbz was used, 0D compounds 3 and 4, and 1D structure of compound 5 was constructed. The tbz play a terminate chelate role in these compounds. By selecting a flexible bis(triazole) btp ligand with more N donors, a 2D hamburger-like layer is formed. Adjacent layers further interpenetrate with each other to construct a 3D interpenetrating framework of compound 6, realizing dimensionality from 2D to 3D. Using different ligands to tune the dimensionality of POM-based structures is rational. The electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of compounds 1–6 were researched, in which the POM subunit is regarded as active component but not organic moiety.

By using a single conjugate ring-rich ligand La or Lb and mixed ligands La/Lb, eight Keggin–AgI-based compounds, namely [Ag4La5(SiW12O40)]·28H2O (1), [Ag3La4(PW12O40)] (2), [Ag3La2(H2O)(PW12O40)] (3), [Ag4Lb4(SiW12O40)] (4), [Ag3KLb4(SiW12O40)]·H2O (5), [Ag6Lb6(PMo12O40)2] (6), [Ag4LaLb3(C14H10O2)(SiW12O40)]·8H2O (7) and [Ag4La2Lb4(GeMo12O40)] (8) (La = 2,3-diphenylpyrazine, Lb = 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, C14H10O2 = 1,2-diphenyl-ethane-1,2-dione), were successfully synthesized by controlling the reaction parameters and well established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and IR spectra. Compounds 1–3 are based on the La ligand, while 4–6 are based on Lb. The mixed La/Lb ligands induce the formation of 7 and 8. In compound 1, the linear [Ag4La4]4+ subunits link SiW12 anions to form a chain. Two adjacent chains connect each other through POM anion bonds and a screw-like double track is built. Compound 2 is composed of 1D leaf-like AgI-La chains, which are further linked by anions to build a 2D grid-like layer. Compound 3 was obtained under the same conditions as 2 except at a different temperature. In 3, the inorganic double chains are connected by linear metal–organic clusters [Ag3La2]3+ and a 2D layer is formed. Compounds 4 and 5 were also obtained at different temperatures. In 4, the adjacent grid-like layers share the same Ag ions to construct a 3D framework. Compound 5 is composed of 1D cycle-connecting-cycle chains, which are further linked by anions and Ag ions to build a 3D structure. Compound 6 is a 3D framework, with dissociative anions accommodated in it. Compounds 7 and 8 are composed of mixed organic ligands La and Lb. Compound 7 has two kinds of chains, which are linked by anions to form a “ladder”. Compound 8 contains discrete anions and [Ag2LaLb2]2+ units. The title compound modified CPEs can act as amperometric sensors for detecting hydrogen peroxide, potassium bromate and potassium nitrite. Compounds 1–8 have excellent photocatalytic capacity for degradation of organic dyes MB and RhB under the sunlight irradiation.

By tuning the reaction temperature, two Anderson- and two [γ-Mo8O26]4−-based compounds decorated by pendent organic ligands, [CuII 9(bpz)2(pz)2(H2O)24][H2(Cr(OH)5Mo6O19)4]·11H2O (1), [CuII(bpz)2(H2O)2(γ-H4Mo8O26)]·2H2O (2), [CuII 2(tea)2(H2O)6(HCr(OH)6Mo6O18)2]· 6H2O (3) and [AgI(bpz)(H2O)(γ-H4Mo8O26)0.5] (4) (bpz=4-butyl-1H-pyrazole, pz=1H-pyrazole, tea=2-[1,2,4]triazol-4-yl-ethylamine), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR spectra and elemental analyses. In compound 1, there are two kinds of tri-nuclear CuII clusters induced by bpz and pz ligands, respectively. Four Anderson-type anions are linked by these tri-nuclear clusters to form a “W”-type subunit. In compound 2, the [Cu(bpz)2(H2O)2]2+ subunits connect the γ-Mo8 anions to construct a chain. The remaining two non-coordinated N donors in [Cu(bpz)2(H2O)2]2+ further link two adjacent γ-Mo8 anions through Mo–N bonds. In compound 3, there exists a bi-nuclear CuII cluster [Cu2(tea)2(H2O)6]4+. The discrete bi-nuclear CuII clusters and the CrMo6 anions link each other through abundant hydrogen bonding interactions. In compound 4, the [Ag(bpz)(H2O)]+ subunits connect γ-Mo8 anions to build a zigzag chain. The chains are further fused by other [Ag(bpz)(H2O)]+ cations to form a grid-like layer. There still exist Mo–N bonds in 4. We also have investigated the electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of 1–4.

Ten fractions(A-J) were prepared by separation of Longxue Tongluo Capsules(LTC) by using silica gel column chromatography and orthogonal experimental design,showing similar chemical profiles with different abundances of peaks.These ten samples were assessed with UHPLC-QE OrbitrapHRMS for 97 common peaks.For the pharmacological activity experiment,three kinds of in vitro cell models including lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells NO release model,oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)-treated HUVEC vascular endothelial cells injury model,and OGD/R-treated PC-12 nerve cells injury model were employed to evaluated the bioactivity of each fraction.Based on the contribution of each identified component,grey relation analysis and partial least squares(PLS) analysis were performed to establish component-activity relationship of LTC,identify the potential active components.After that,validation of the potential active components in LTC was carried out by using the same models.The results indicated that 4 phenolic compounds including 7,4'-dihydroxyhomoisoflavanone,loureirin C,4,4'-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxydihydrochalcone,and homoisosocotrin-4'-ol,might be the active components for anti-neuroinflammation effect;five phenolic compounds such as 3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyhomoisoflavanone,loureirin D,7,4'-dihydroxyhomoisoflavane,and 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-methyflavane,might have positive effects on the vascular endothelial injury;three phenolic compounds including 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone,7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyhomoisoflavane,and loureirin D,might be the active components in LTC against neuronal injury.

ObjectiveTo study the change of the peripheral blood immune pattern and its correlation with prognosis in patients with liver cancer after treated by sorafenib.MethodsPatients with advanced liver cancer admitted in our hospital were enrolled and treated with sorafenib. After two months of the treatment, their peripheral blood was collected. The immune cell subset and cytokines level were determined by flow cytometry and luminex technology. According to the reaction expressed by patients towards sorafenib, patients were divided into the response group and the no response group. The changes of the peripheral blood immune pattern and its correlation with prognosis of patients in the two groups were compared.ResultsBefore and after treatment of sorafenib, there was no significant difference in the ratios of T cells, NK cells and their subtypes in peripheral blood of patients between the two groups; while after treatment the ratio of B cells and regulatory B cells (Breg) of patients in the response group was significant higher than that of the no response group (P

The technology of fusing visible images and infrared thermal images is one of the most important researching fields in terms of high-performance night vision technology home and abroad Using this kind of technology can efficiently improve people’s ability of target-detecting and scene’s comprehension. The commonly used color transfer algorithm belongs to single reference image’s global color transfer, which results in huge influence on the color of fusion image. Thus, this kind of method cannot adapt to different kinds of scenes. In this essay, we focus on environmental adaptation problems of regular color transfer in color image fusion algorithm base on YUV color space. After analyzing the mean and standard deviation of typical scenes’ UV channel, we find that it has obvious classified characteristics. As a result, we propose a method of constructing adaptive reference image based on mean and standard deviation of U and V channels, which makes visible and infrared thermal image fusion algorithm better adapt to environment and fusion images’ color is natural. Furthermore, the handling capacity is small and it exerts little impact on the speed of algorithm real-time hardware processing. To conclude, it is a kind of practical natural color fusion processing algorithm.

Under hydrothermal conditions two compounds based on Keggin and β-octamolybdate, respectively, [Cu2(bbtz)4(SiMo12O40)] (1) and [Cu2(bbtz)4(Mo8O26)]1/2·H2O (2) (bbtz = 1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene), were synthesized in one-pot and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and IR spectroscopy. In compound 1, two adjacent wave-like CuII-bbtz lines are connected by SiMo12 anions and bbtz to generate a ladder-like chain. Adjacent chains share the same CuII ions to build a three-dimensional (3-D) framework. In compound 2, the β-Mo8 anions link Cu3(bbtz)2 subunits alternately to form a one-dimensional (1-D) chain. These chains connect each other through sharing CuII ions and a 3-D network is constructed. Moreover, we studied the electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activities of these two compounds. The results indicate that 1 and 2 show good electrocatalytic performance for the reduction of nitrite and bromate; they also exhibit photocatalytic properties for degradation of MB and RhB.

Two new organic–inorganic hybrid compounds, [CuII(btb)1.5(γ-Mo8O26)0.5(H2O)]·2H2O (1) and [CuII2(btb)4(PMoVMoVI11O40)]·2H2O (2) (btb = 4-butyl-1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazole), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR spectra and elemental analyses. In 1, there exists a ladder-like metal-organic chain with the bidentate [γ-Mo8O26]4− anions inserting into the grids. Adjacent chains share the same Cu-btb lines of the ladder to form a 2-D layer. Compound 2 also has a ladder-like metal-organic chain. The tetradentate [PMo12O40]3− anions embed in the grids. The same Cu-btb line is shared by adjacent chains to build a 2-D layer. The btb ligands link adjacent layers to form a 3-D framework. Moreover, we also have investigated the electrochemical and photocatalytic properties of 1 and 2.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Dragon's blood (Chinese name: Xuejie), which comprises red resins obtained from several plants (27 species from 4 families), is drawing worldwide interests in medicinal applications owing to its broad pharmacological spectrum such as promoting blood circulation, regenerating muscle, relieving swelling and pain, maintaining hemostasis, etc. Aim of the study This work aims to evaluate current research progress on phenolic constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and metabolism of six Dracaena plants, namely, Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen, D. cambodiana Pierre ex Gagnep., D. cinnabari Balf. f., D. draco (L.) L., D. loureiroi Gagnep., and D. schizantha Baker, figure out the shortcomings of existing studies, and provide meaningful guidelines for future investigations. Methods Extensive database retrieval, such as SciFinder, PubMed, CNKI, ChemSpider, etc., was performed by using the keywords “Dracaena,” “dragon's blood,” as well as the Latin names of the six Dracaena species. In addition, relevant textbooks, patents, reviews, and documents were also employed to ensure sufficient information is collected. Results Flavonoids and their oligomers are the primary chemical clusters distributed in Dracaena plants. Pharmacological activities including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and cytotoxic effects; bi-directional regulation effects on hemorheology; and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects have been disclosed by modern pharmacological evaluations. The chemical and metabolic profiles after oral administration of dragon's blood extract were preliminarily characterized. However, some of the pharmacological investigations reported only elementary methodologies and unreliable findings, and even worse, some important aspects were questionable or missing in these articles. Conclusions Dragon's blood is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, mainly flavonoids and their oligomers. Its potential therapeutic effects on different diseases are attractive, such as the notable effect on cardiovascular diseases. In future studies, there is an urgent need to test the effect of this extract on appropriate cell lines and animal models to analyze its ethnopharmacological applications; moreover, “composition−effect correlation” methods and omics technologies are demanded for identifying the effective material basis and therapeutic mechanisms before entering into clinical trials. Moreover, attention should be paid to the chemical profiling and quality evaluation of this precious herbal medicine.

Based on the demonstration of some problems exposed in the fields of PLA equipment overhaul, this paper put forward the design scheme of the equipment overhaul management system in view of information technology. It described the design objective of system, analysed system business flow, built system construction from two sides of software and hardware, and introduced the key technology and development platform for system implementation. This system has reading/encoding RFID card, photography, satellite positioning functions, which can automatically collect and transfer information during the process of the equipment overhaul. It is convenient for analysing system to office staff, and ensures the equipment overhaul expenditures was used reasonably.

This paper is oriented to typical operation missions, started with the concept and connotation of precise support, divided the precise support into three parts, including operational mission system, support target system and support system, systematically analyzed the mutual relationships among the subsystems, used operational readiness and mission sustainability these two parameters of integrated logistics support to make quantitative description, then discussed the running mode and process of precise equipment support.

The liquid scale model test is set up to research on the velocity characteristics of coupling airflows between subway piston wind and platform air jet. Model test and prototype meet the dynamic similarity. Piston wind variation rules on the test are validated with previous conclusions. The coupling airflows trajectory is closer to the horizontal direction with increasing piston wind. Under the constant air supply, the coupling velocities of measuring points increase with piston wind growing. The piston wind has more obvious influence on the coupling airflows than air jet.

To evaluate mitral regurgitation (MR) and left ventricular myocardial function in the patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) by real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography (RT3D-DSE).Seventy two consecutive in-patients with myocardial infarction and MR were enrolled in the study during 2006-2012. Each patient underwent RT3D-DSE examination before treatment. Three-dimensional (3D) heart full-volume data and 3D MR were obtained at baseline and each stress state. Quantitative parameters including: left ventricular end-diastolic/systolic volume (LVEDV/LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) , left ventricular diastolic /systolic mass (LVMd/s). The time to the point of minimal regional systolic volume (Tmsv) was measured from the time volume curves of 17 segments, the standard deviation (Tmsv-SD) and maximal difference (Tmsv-Dif) of Tmsv were calculated. Excursion max (Emax), excursion SD (Esd), vena contarcta area (VCA) also were measured.94.4% patients reached dobutamine (Dob) at 30 µg/(kg · min), 69.4% patients completed Dob 40 µg/(kg · min), only 38.9% patients completed Dob at 50 µg/(kg · min). At different stress state, VCA decreased significantly, and the decrement was up to the largest at 30 µg/(kg · min). 2D-LVEF, 3D-LVEF increased gradually, but decreased at 50 µg/(kg · min). 2D-LVESV and LVMd decreased, but increased at 50 µg/(kg · min). Tmsv-16/12/6 SD%, Tmsv-16/12/6 Dif% decreased, but increased at 50 µg/(kg · min). Eave and Esd increased, but decreased at 40-50 µg/(kg · min). Compared each with the baseline, LV remodeling parameters and VCA were statistically significant.IMR patients showed a biphasic response during RT3D-DSE. The decrease of VCA is associated with an improvement of LV remodeling and synchronization when Dob ≤ 40 µg/(kg · min).

The prototype phylogenetic tree, i.e., evolutionary "tree" or "tree of life", was first conceived by Charles Darwin in his seminal book "The Origin of Species", and its reconstructions have been approached by generations of biologists ever since. In this article, we briefly reviewed the major algorithms and software packages for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Specifically we discuss four categories of phylogeny algorithms including distance-matrix, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian framework, as well as software packages (PHYLIP, MEGA, MrBayes) based on them.系统发育树又称进化树、生命树等，在达尔文的“进化论”一书中首次出现，之后系统发育树的重构被广大生物学家所接受。该文阐述了构建系统发育树的基本流程，对目前用于构建系统发育树的四类算法(距离法、最大简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯法)进行了详细地分析和比较，并介绍了一些常用系统发育树构建和分析软件(PHYLIP、MEGA、MrBayes)的特点。

Chloride (Cl⁻) channels participate in the regulation of cardiac function in response to stress although the underlying regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood. This study was designed to examine the impact of the pro-apoptotic stimulus staurosporine (STS) on the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl⁻ current (I(Cl,Vol)) in cardiomyocytes and possible regulatory mechanism involved with a focus on phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt. Primary cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypotonic and isotonic environment in the presence or absence of STS prior to whole-cell voltage-clamp evaluation of Cl⁻ current. Whole-cell recordings revealed that STS activated an outwardly rectifying Cl⁻ current with phenotypic properties reminiscent of I(Cl,Vol). These currents were outwardly rectifying with a time-dependent inactivation at positive potentials and were sensitive to 4,4'-diisothiocya-natostilbene- 2,2'- disulfonicacid (DIDS), a non-selective Cl⁻ channel blocker, and 4-(2-butyl-6,7-dichlor-2-cyclopentyl-indan-1-on-5-yl)oxybutyric acid (DCPIB), a selective VSOR Cl⁻ channel blocker. DIDS and DCPIB inhibited I(Cl,Vol) by 92.6% ± 7.3% and 78.4% ± 5.5%, respectively. Our data further revealed that the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 facilitated the current with the peak amplitude of 19.54 ± 2.70 pA/pF. To the contrary, insulin partially inhibited the current amplitude with the peak current amplitude of 15.4 ± 2.13 pA/pF. Taken together, our data depicted staurosporine is capable of activating I(Cl,Vol) channel in cardiomyocytes via possibly a PI3K/Akt-dependent mechanism.

The aim of this paper is through the comparison and analysis on intension, organized procedure and advantages & disadvantages between the two support strength of American Army field contractor support and our Army weapon equipment productive establishment support, to find out difference and distance, and learn experience; on the other hand, it puts forward correlative suggestion about the development of our Army weapon equipment productive establishment support strength in the future.

Everything has two sides, besides contractors support. This paper is affirmed the positive roles and realized the risks of contractors support for the military. So it is overall analyzed the risk factors from two stages of implementing contractors support in order to take the foreshadow effect for risk management of contractors support.

To test the potential value of more frequent QT interval measurement in hospitalized patients.We performed a prospective, observational study.All adult intensive care unit and progressive care unit beds of a university medical center.All patients admitted to one of six critical care units over a 2-month period were included in analyses.All critical care beds (n = 154) were upgraded to a continuous QT monitoring system (Philips Healthcare).QT data were extracted from the bedside monitors for offline analysis. A corrected QT interval500 msecs was considered prolonged. Episodes of QT prolongation were manually over-read. Electrocardiogram data (67,648 hrs, mean 65 hrs/patient) were obtained. QT prolongation was present in 24%. There were 16 cardiac arrests, with one resulting from Torsade de Pointes (6%). Predictors of QT prolongation were female sex, QT-prolonging drugs, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, high creatinine, history of stroke, and hypothyroidism. Patients with QT prolongation had longer hospitalization (276 hrs vs. 132 hrs, p.0005) and had three times the odds for all-cause in-hospital mortality compared to patients without QT prolongation (odds ratio 2.99 95% confidence interval 1.1-8.1).We find QT prolongation to be common (24%), with Torsade de Pointes representing 6% of in-hospital cardiac arrests. Predictors of QT prolongation in the acutely ill population are similar to those previously identified in ambulatory populations. Acutely ill patients with QT prolongation have longer lengths of hospitalization and nearly three times the odds for mortality then those without QT prolongation.