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Otosclerosis, a hereditary disorder characterized by disordered resorption and deposition of bone, results in progressive hearing loss. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by recurrent fractures, blue sclera, and varying degrees of hearing impairment; and is a known risk factor for otosclerosis. After adolescence, the risk of fracture decreases, reducing the need for follow-up in OI. However, otosclerosis is a progressive disorder. In this report, we discuss two cases of familial otosclerosis with different clinical features. We hypothesize that the difference in hearing level correlates with the difference in computed tomography findings. The mother, whose case was considered severe, was prescribed hearing aids, while the daughter, who had normal hearing level, was regularly followed up.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Percentage distribution of blood pressure according to the quartile of the TyG index in (A) non-insulin resistant and (B) insulin resistant groups. P values were generated by chi-square test.

Supplemental material, Supplementary_data for Genetic variation in TCF7L2 rs7903146 correlating with peripheral arterial disease in long-standing type 2 diabetes by Eu Jeong Ku, Gun Woo Won, Yong Hee Lee, Dong-Hwa Lee, Hyun Jeong Jeon and Tae Keun Oh in Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research

* KLES Inc. (Received March 23, 2015 ; Revised August 7, 2015 ; Accepted September 4, 2015)Key Words: Metal Insulation(금속단열재), Heat Transfer Rate(열전달률), Conduction(열전도), Radiation(복사), Convective Heat Transfer(대류열전달), Concept Design(개념설계) 초록: 일반적으로 산업현장에서 많이 사용되고 있는 단열재는 유리섬유와 같은 열전도도가 낮은 재료를 사용함으로써 단열성능을 확보하고 있다. 이와 달리 원전용 금속단열재의 경우 높은 열전도도를 가진 TP 304 스테인리스 박판을 재료로 한정하고 있어 단열성능을 확보하기 위해서는 구조적 측면에서의 접근이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 금속단열재 내부구조에 대한 설계인자를 전도, 대류, 복사로 구성된 3가지 열전달 모드를 고려해 추출하고 각 인자들이 열전달에 미치는 영향과 각각의 열전달이 전체 열전달에 차지하는 비율을 열 유동해석을 이용하여 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 단열재 내부에서 발생되는 대류현상을 최소화하기 위해 다수의 박판을 삽입함과 동시에 증가하는 전도 비율을 비교하여 내부형상결정을 위한 세 가지 열전달 모드 하에서의 단열성능을 분석하였다.Abstract: A heat insulating material used in the industrial site normally derives its heat insulating performance by using a low thermal conductivity material such as glass fiber. In case of the metal insulation for nuclear power plant, in contrast, only TP 304 stainless steel foil having high thermal conductivity is the only acceptable material. So, it is required to approach in structural aspect to ensure the insulation performance. In this study, the design factors related to the metal insulation internal structure were determined considering the three modes of heat transfer, i.e., conduction, convection, and radiation. The analysis of heat flow was used to understand the ratio of the heat transfer from each factor to the overall heat transfer from all the factors. Based on this study, in order to minimize the convection phenomenon caused by the internal insulation, a multiple foil was inserted in the insulation. The increase in the conduction heat transfer rate was compared, and the insulation performance under the three modes of heat transfer was analyzed in order to determine the internal geometry.

By analyzing seed germination indexes of cabbage and radish, this study aims to evaluate the toxicity of food waste compost, which is produced by fermentation-extinction technology with bio wood chips. In the experimental results, the seed germination index of food waste compost for cabbage and radish was shown in the range of a minimum 104 and maximum 170. It was satisfied with the over 70 criteria in the level of the Korea fertilizer process specification. Consequently, the food waste compost from fermentation-extinction reaction with bio wood chips was evaluated by the appropriate compost maturity for the plantation.

A shape control system based on a wavelet radial basis function network for a Sendzimir mill (ZRM) and fuzzy control are developed to improve the shape control performance of a conventional ZRM system. The conventional shape recognition system for a ZRM adopted an incomplete multi-layer perceptron neural network system that was constructed two decades ago. The poor shape recognition of this system leads to actuator saturation and shape control performance deterioration. Therefore, the full automatic operation of a ZRM is often stopped, and manual input need to be performed. This affects the quality, causes a decline in the productivity of the steel strip and an unnecessary waste of manpower. In this paper, a wavelet radial basis network is developed to replace the multi-layer perceptron network and consequently improve shape recognition performance. A modified fuzzy controller is also constructed to prevent actuator saturation that occurs in a conventional shape control system owing to the use of a fixed gain-based fuzzy controller. A comparative simulation based on the data measured from an actual ZRM plant demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed shape control system.

The relationships between donor age and gender and initial isolation yield and the osteogenic potentials of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) have not been clearly elucidated. The authors investigated whether isolation yields and the osteogenic differentiation potentials of hBMSCs are indeed dependent on donor age or gender. Fresh bone marrow was aspirated from iliac crest of 72 donors (mean age 54.1 years; range, 23-84 years; 39 men and 33 women) undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Numbers of mononuclear cells, numbers of colony forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-Fs) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive CFU-Fs, and numbers of BMSCs after isolation culture were not found to be significantly dependent on donor age or gender. Moreover, no significant age- or gender-related differences were observed in terms of the proliferation activities, ALP activities, and calcium contents of BMSCs during in vitro osteogenic differentiation. The data obtained from 72 human donors revealed no significant age- or genderrelated differences among hBMSCs in terms of isolation yields, proliferation activities, and osteogenic potentials.

In this paper, a new peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed based on the selected mapping (SLM) scheme. The proposed SLM scheme generates alternative OFDM signal sequences by cyclically shifting the connections in each subblock at an intermediate stage of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). Compared with the conventional SLM scheme, the proposed SLM scheme achieves similar PAPR reduction performance with much lower computational complexity and no bit error rate (BER) degradation. The performance of the proposed SLM scheme is verified through numerical analysis. Also, it is shown that the proposed SLM scheme has the lowest computational complexity among the existing low-complexity SLM schemes exploiting the signals at an intermediate stage of IFFT.