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1. How to Be a More Effective Author

Author

David M. Schultz, Jeffrey Anderson, Tommaso Benacchio, Kristen L. Corbosiero, Matthew D. Eastin, Clark Evans, Jidong Gao, Joshua P. Hacker, Daniel Hodyss, Daryl Kleist, Matthew R. Kumjian, Ron McTaggart-Cowan, Zhiyong Meng, Justin R. Minder, Derek Posselt, Paul Roundy, Angela Rowe, Michael Scheuerer, Russ S. Schumacher, Stan Trier, and Christopher Weiss

Subjects
Atmospheric Science
Published
2022
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4. Inflamed and non-inflamed classes of HCC: a revised immunogenomic classification

Author

Carla Montironi, Florian Castet, Philipp K Haber, Roser Pinyol, Miguel Torres-Martin, Laura Torrens, Agavni Mesropian, Huan Wang, Marc Puigvehi, Miho Maeda, Wei Qiang Leow, Elizabeth Harrod, Patricia Taik, Jigjidsuren Chinburen, Erdenebileg Taivanbaatar, Enkhbold Chinbold, Manel Solé Arqués, Michael Donovan, Swan Thung, Jaclyn Neely, Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Jeffrey Anderson, Sasan Roayaie, Myron Schwartz, Augusto Villanueva, Scott L Friedman, Andrew Uzilov, Daniela Sia, and Josep M Llovet

Subjects
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Liver Neoplasms, Mutation, Gastroenterology, Humans, Interferons, DNA Methylation, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Article
Abstract

ObjectiveWe previously reported a characterisation of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immune contexture and described an immune-specific class. We now aim to further delineate the immunogenomic classification of HCC to incorporate features that explain responses/resistance to immunotherapy.DesignWe performed RNA and whole-exome sequencing, T-cell receptor (TCR)-sequencing, multiplex immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in a novel cohort of 240 HCC patients and validated our results in other cohorts comprising 660 patients.ResultsOur integrative analysis led to define: (1) the inflamed class of HCC (37%), which includes the previously reported immune subclass (22%) and a new immune-like subclass (15%) with high interferon signalling, cytolytic activity, expression of immune-effector cytokines and a more diverse T-cell repertoire. A 20-gene signature was able to capture ~90% of these tumours and is associated with response to immunotherapy. Proteins identified in liquid biopsies recapitulated the inflamed class with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.91; (2) The intermediate class, enriched inTP53mutations (49% vs 29%, p=0.035), and chromosomal losses involving immune-related genes and; (3) the excluded class, enriched inCTNNB1mutations (93% vs 27%, pPTK2overexpression due to gene amplification and promoter hypomethylation.CTNNB1mutations outside the excluded class led to weak activation of the Wnt-βcatenin pathway or occurred in HCCs dominated by high interferon signalling and type I antigen presenting genes.ConclusionWe have characterised the immunogenomic contexture of HCC and defined inflamed and non-inflamed tumours. Two distinctCTNNB1patterns associated with a differential role in immune evasion are described. These features may help predict immune response in HCC.

Published
2022
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17. Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease

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Maron D. J., Hochman J. S., Reynolds H. R., Bangalore S., O'Brien S. M., Boden W. E., Chaitman B. R., Senior R., Lopez-Sendon J., Alexander K. P., Lopes R. D., Shaw L. J., Berger J. S., Newman J. D., Sidhu M. S., Goodman S. G., Ruzyllo W., Gosselin G., Maggioni A. P., White H. D., Bhargava B., Min J. K., John Mancini G. B., Berman D. S., Picard M. H., Kwong R. Y., Ali Z. A., Mark D. B., Spertus J. A., Krishnan M. N., Elghamaz A., Moorthy N., Hueb W. A., Demkow M., Mavromatis K., Bockeria O., Peteiro J., Miller T. D., Szwed H., Doerr R., Keltai M., Selvanayagam J. B., Gabriel Steg P., Held C., Kohsaka S., Mavromichalis S., Kirby R., Jeffries N. O., Harrell F. E., Rockhold F. W., Broderick S., Bruce Ferguson T., Williams D. O., Harrington R. A., Stone G. W., Rosenberg Y, ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci, A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Rabaça, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fernández Martínez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, André Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andrés García-Rincón, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej Łabyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Peñaranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel Åkerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezińska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Begoña Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard Jäger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Carísi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-Éric Gagné, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Peña Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Björklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cortés, Claudia Escobar, Cláudia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adrián Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elihú Durán-Cortés, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnación Alonso-Álvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alexánderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eustáquio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortuño, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Flávia Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely Ágoston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidović, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Lladó, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, Inês Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, João Reynaldo Abbud, João V Vitola, Joaquín V Peñafiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, José A Ortega-Ramírez, José Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, José J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, José Luis Narro Villanueva, José Luiz da Vieira, José M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padró, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio César Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna Łuczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna Łoboz-Grudzień, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kukuła, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Loïc Bière, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de Pádua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Valdés Chávarri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena Łanocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Małgorzta Celińska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Valério Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, María Dolores Martínez-Ruíz, María Fernanda Canales, Maria Inês Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria Pérez García, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Matías Nicolás Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Moisés Blanco-Calvo, Moisés Jiménez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moysés de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira 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Wu, Yu Kunwu, Yu Zhao, Yudong Peng, Yueh-Hung Lin, Yulan Zhao, Yumei Dong, Yunhai Zhao, Yutthaphan Wannasopha, Yvonne Taul, Zakir Sahul, Zalina Kudzoeva, Zbigniew Kalarus, Zeljko Z Markovic, Zhen Huang, Zheng Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhou Yue, Zhulin Zhang, Zhuxi Li, Zile Singh Meharwal, Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits

Subjects
Male, Cardiac Catheterization, Computed Tomography Angiography, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary Angiography, ISCHEMIA Research Group, law.invention, Angina, Coronary artery disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Revascularization, 030212 general & internal medicine, Coronary Artery Bypass, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiac catheterization, General Medicine, Middle Aged, humanities, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Ischemia, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Geriatric cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Angina, Unstable, Aged, business.industry, Coronary Artery Bypa, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, Heart failure, Quality of Life, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS: We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, -1.8 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; ISCHEMIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01471522.).

Published
2020
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18. Association of Dementia and Patient Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-center Rétrospective Case-Control Study

Author

Pratikkumar H Vekaria, Areej Syed, Jeffrey Anderson, Brendon Cornett, Amine Bourbia, Michael G Flynn, Rahul Kashyap, and Asif R Shah

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundWe conducted a retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 patients with and without dementia by extracting data from the HCA Healthcare Enterprise Data Warehouse between January-September 2020.AimsTo describe the role of patients' baseline characteristics specifically dementia in determining overall health outcomes in COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe grouped in-patients who had ICD-10 codes for dementia (DM) with age and gender-matched (1:2) patients without dementia (ND). Our primary outcome variables were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, ICU-free days, mechanical ventilation (MV) use, MV-free days and 90-day re-admission.ResultsMatching provided similar age and sex in DM and ND groups. BMI (median, 25.8 vs. 27.6) and proportion of patients who had smoked (23.3 vs. 31.3%) were lower in DM than in ND patients. The median (IQR) Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was higher in dementia patients 7 (5–10) vs. 5 (3–7, p < 0.01). Higher mortality was observed in DM group (30.8%) vs. ND group (26.4%, p < 0.01) as an unadjusted univariate analysis. The 90-day readmission was not different (32.1 vs. 31.8%, p = 0.8). In logistic regression analysis, the odds of dying were not different between patients in DM and ND groups (OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.86–1.17), but the odds of ICU admissions were significantly lower for dementia patients (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.66).ConclusionsOur data showed that COVID-19 patients with dementia did not fare substantially worse, but in fact, fared better when certain metrics were considered.

Published
2022
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21. Inequitable Access: Factors Associated with Incomplete Referrals to Pediatric Cardiology

Author

Paul W. Warren, Andrew F. Beck, Huaiyu Zang, Jeffrey Anderson, and Christopher Statile

Subjects
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Objective: To assess the variables associated with incomplete and unscheduled cardiology clinic visits among referred children with a focus on equity gaps. Study design: We conducted a retrospective chart review for patients less than 18 years of age who were referred to cardiology clinics at a single quaternary referral centre from 2017 to 2019. We collected patient demographic data including race, an index of neighbourhood socio-economic deprivation linked to a patient’s geocoded address, referral information, and cardiology clinic information. The primary outcome was an incomplete clinic visit. The secondary outcome was an unscheduled appointment. Independent associations were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Results: There were 10,610 new referrals; 6954 (66%) completed new cardiology clinic visits. Black race (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.22–1.63), public insurance (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.14–1.46), and a higher deprivation index (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.08–1.61) were associated with higher odds of incomplete visit compared to the respective reference groups of White race, private insurance, and a lower deprivation index. The findings for unscheduled visit were similar. A shorter time elapsed from the initial referral to when the appointment was made was associated with lower odds of incomplete visit (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.52–0.74). Conclusion: Race, insurance type, neighbourhood deprivation, and time from referral date to appointment made were each associated with incomplete referrals to paediatric cardiology. Interventions directed to understand such associations and respond accordingly could help to equitably improve referral completion.

Published
2022

22. Impact of Anticoagulation Therapy on the Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (CAF) Trial)

Author

Thomas Bunch, Heidi May, Michael Cutler, Scott Woller, Victoria Jacobs, Scott M. Stevens, John Carlquist, Kirk Knowlton, Joseph Muhlestein, Benjamin Steinberg, and Jeffrey Anderson

Abstract

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a risk for cognitive impairment and dementia, which is more pronounced in patients with a history of clinical stroke. Anticoagulation use and efficacy impact long-term risk of dementia in AF patients in observational trials. Methods: The Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (CAF) Trial was a randomized, prospective, open-label vanguard clinical study with blinded endpoint assessment involving patients with moderate- to high-risk (CHADS2 or CHA2DS2-Vasc scores of ≥2) non-valvular AF assigned to dabigatran etexilate or warfarin. The primary endpoint was incident dementia or moderate cognitive decline at 24 months. Results: A total of 101 patients were enrolled, of which 50 received dabigatran and 51 warfarin anticoagulation. The mean age was 73.7±6.0 years and 54(53.5%) were male. Prior stroke and stroke risk factors were similar between groups. Average INR over the study was 2.41±0.68 in the warfarin group. No patient experienced a stroke or developed dementia. Mini-Mental Status Evaluation, Hachinski Ischemic scale, cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, Disability Assessment for Dementia, Quality of Life Improvement as assessed by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Scale and the Anti-Clot Treatment Scale Quality of Life Survey scores did not vary at baseline or change over 2 years. Biomarker analysis indicated a similar efficacy of anticoagulation strategies Conclusion: Use of dabigatran and well-managed warfarin therapy were associated with similar risks of stroke, cognitive decline, and dementia at 2 years, suggestive that either strategy is acceptable to mitigate these risks. The results of this Vanguard study did not support the pursuit of a larger formally powered study.

Published
2022
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24. 913-P: The Relationship between ASK12 Patient-Reported Medication Adherence Scores and Objective Measures of Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Author

PAMALA PAWLOSKI, JEANETTE ZIEGENFUSS, PATRICK J. O'CONNOR, STEVEN P. DEHMER, HEIDI EKSTROM, JACOB HAAPALA, JOANN M. SPERL-HILLEN, MARY BECKER, ANJALI TRUITT, MELISSA PANKONIN, DANIEL REHRAUER, CAITLIN FRAIL, JEFFREY ANDERSON, and LILIAN CHUMBA

Subjects
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
Abstract

Background: Medication adherence may be measured either by (a) patient-reported measurement or (b) objective measurement using medication dispense data. Proportion of days covered (PDC) is an objective measure of adherence becoming more readily available in the electronic health record (EHR) and a threshold of < 80% is commonly used to identify a potential adherence problem. Using PDCs may be more efficient and clinically practical than using longer patient-reported adherence questionnaires. However, it is unknown how well the PDC and patient reported measures correlate. Methods: As part of a pragmatic randomized trial to evaluate an intervention designed to improve medication adherence in a Midwest health care system, 1,423 adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were identified at an index visit in primary care based on suboptimal diabetes control (AIC >8%) and at least one oral diabetes medication with PDC < 80%. They were surveyed shortly after the index visit to assess adherence using a validated 12 question ASK-12 instrument, with a response rate of 29% (80/280) . We evaluated the relationship between PDC and ASK-12 total/subscale scores using linear regression. Results: There were no significant associations found between PDC scores and the total ASK-12 score (β=-0.4, p=0.47) , or ASK-12 subscales of inconvenience/forgetfulness (β=-1.1, p=0.42) , treatment beliefs (β=-0.4, p=0.77) , behavior (β=-0.7, p=0.55) , or barriers (β=-0.7, p=0.44) . Conclusions: For patients above recommended A1C goal with a medication PDC < 80%, there was no correlation between PDC scores and patient-reported measures of adherence using ASK-12 total or component scores. This analysis raises questions about the validity and usefulness of EHR-derived PDC scores to identify poor medication adherence for patients with T2D. Disclosure P.Pawloski: None. M.Pankonin: None. D.Rehrauer: None. C.Frail: None. J.Anderson: None. L.Chumba: None. J.Ziegenfuss: None. P.J.O'connor: None. S.P.Dehmer: None. H.Ekstrom: None. J.Haapala: None. J.M.Sperl-hillen: None. M.Becker: None. A.Truitt: None. Funding NHLBI #R01HL136937

Published
2022
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25. Guanfacine as a Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Adolescent Female

Author

Timothy Rice, Jeffrey Anderson, Chang Wang, Barbara J. Coffey, and Arifa Zaidi

Subjects
Adolescent, business.industry, MEDLINE, Guanfacine, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Psychiatry and Mental health, Posttraumatic stress, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists, Humans, Medicine, Female, Pharmacology (medical), business, Clinical psychology, medicine.drug
Published
2020
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27. Neurite outgrowth deficits caused by rare PLXNB1 mutation in pediatric bipolar disorder

Author

Guang Yang, Ethan Parker, Bushra Gorsi, Mark Liebowitz, Colin Maguire, Jace B. King, Hilary Coon, Melissa Lopez-Larson, Jeffrey Anderson, Mark Yandell, and Alex Shcheglovitov

Abstract

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (PBD) is a severe mood dysregulation condition that affects 0.5–1% of children and teens in the United States. It is associated with recurrent episodes of psychosis and depression and an increased risk of suicidality. However, the genetics and neuropathology of PBD are largely unknown. Here, we used a combinatorial family-based approach to characterize the cellular, molecular, genetic, and network-level deficits associated with PBD. We recruited a PBD patient and three unaffected family members from a family with a history of psychiatric illnesses. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), we detected altered resting-state functional connectivity in the patient as compared to the unaffected sibling. Using transcriptomic profiling of patient and control induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived telencephalic organoids, we found aberrant signaling in the molecular pathways related to neurite outgrowth. We corroborated the presence of neurite outgrowth deficits in patient iPSC-derived cortical neurons and identified a rare homozygous loss-of-function PLXNB1 variant (c.1360C>C; p.Ser454Arg) in the patient. Expression of wild-type PLXNB1, but not the variant, rescued neurite outgrowth deficit in patient neurons, and expression of the variant caused neurite outgrowth deficit in cortical neurons from PlxnB1 knock-out mice. These results indicate that dysregulated PLXNB1 signaling may contribute to an increased risk of PBD and other mood dysregulation-related disorders by disrupting neurite outgrowth and functional brain connectivity. Overall, the study established and validated a novel family-based combinatorial approach for studying cellular and molecular deficits in psychiatric disorders.

Published
2022
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28. Performance of the multiscale alignment ensemble filter in reducing vortex position errors

Author

Yue Ying, Jeffrey Anderson, and Laurent Bertino

Abstract

Position errors in coherent features have been a challenging problem for data assimilation (DA) due to their high nonlinearity. To effectively reduce position errors, a multiscale alignment (MSA) method was introduced to compute ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) updates on a sequence of model states at low to high resolutions (large to small scales). Large-scale state has less nonlinearity due to position errors, therefore linear EnKF updates are optimal. The large-scale analysis increments are then utilized to compute the displacement vectors that warp the model grid, reduce position errors and precondition the state at smaller scales before the EnKF update is computed again. This study further tests the performance of the MSA method in an idealized vortex model. The asymptotic behavior is documented for a multiscale solution as number of scales (Ns) increases. We show that the optimal Ns depends on the degree of nonlinearity caused by the position errors. When feature-based observations (such as the vortex position) are used, the MSA performs well with Ns 3 no matter how large the position errors are. A challenging scenario is identified for the MSA method, when the large-scale background flow is incoherent with the small-scale vortex position error (deviation from coherence assumption). In cycling DA experiments, the MSA performs better than the traditional EnKF at equal cost (using decreased ensemble size for MSA to compensate for its increased cost when Ns >1), showing good scalability for real application and potential for improving prediction skill in many multiscale Earth systems.

Published
2022
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29. 513 Lovenox Titration in Burn Patients: Does a One Size Fits All Model Work?

Author

Anita Wamakima, Jeffrey Anderson, Lisa Rae, Jessica Hyman, Devon Romano, Huaqing Zhao, and Xiaoning Lu

Subjects
Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract

Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) presents a significant morbidity to burn injured patients. The Western Trauma Association (WTA) and American Association of Trauma Surgeons (AAST) have recently developed guidelines for VTE prophylaxis dosing in trauma patients in which doses are adjusted based on anti-Xa levels. We sought to determine whether adopting these guidelines would lead to improved VTE prophylaxis in patients admitted to our burn service. Methods We initiated a protocol at our American Burn Association verified burn center of titrating VTE prophylaxis for our patients based on anti-Xa levels consistent with the WTA and AAST guidelines. We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients in which anti-Xa levels were measured between May and October 2022. Chi square, Fisher's exact, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results A total of thirty six patients met our inclusion criteria. Age (49 [35.0, 61.0]), BMI (26.7 [6.8]), gender (67% male), and percent total body surface area (4.5 [2.0, 10.5]) were not statistically significant. Patients with a final lovenox dose of 30mg twice daily required a significantly lower dose adjustment than patients with a final lovenox dose of greater than 30mg (5.1 vs 7.9, p=0.0003). While not statistically significant, there was a trend for patients with a final lovenox dose of greater than 30mg twice daily to have larger percent TBSA affected (6.0 vs 13.6, p = 0.079). When comparing patients whose final dose of lovenox was less than, equal to, or greater than their initial dose, there was a significant difference in dose adjustment between patients whose lovenox had to be decreased as opposed to those who had to be increased (10.0 vs 15.8, p< 0.0001). None of our patients suffered a VTE event over the study period. Conclusions A “one size fits all” approach to VTE prophylaxis in burn patients may lead to inappropriate prophylaxis. Our study demonstrates that titration of VTE prophylaxis with lovenox using anti-Xa levels in the burn population is feasible and that patients with burns may require individualized dosing for appropriate prophylaxis. Applicability of Research to Practice Our research demonstrates that titration of VTE prophylaxis in a burn population may be more appropriate than the traditional “one size fits all” approach.

Published
2023
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30. 778 Epidemiology of Food Access in an Urban Burn Population

Author

Brienne Donovan, Daniel Wiese, Jingwei Wu, Kevin Henry, Lisa Rae, and Jeffrey Anderson

Subjects
Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract

Introduction Poverty is a known risk factor for burn injury and is associated with residency in food deserts and food swamps. Food deserts are areas with low or no access to nutritious, healthy foods while food swamps are areas with much higher access to high-calorie, unhealthy foods than to foods with good nutritious value. The purpose of our investigation was to determine the prevalence of residency in food deserts and food swamps in burn patients evaluated at an urban academic center and to determine the relationship between residency in these areas and the presence of patient comorbidities. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with burn injuries seen at an ABA verified urban academic center between January 2016 and January 2022. All patients over age 18 seen in the emergency department or admitted to the burn service were included in the study. Patient residential locations were used in conjunction with the Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mREFI) data to classify residency in food deserts and food swamps. Patient demographics and comorbidities were also recorded. Chi square and ANOVA analyses were completed to determine differences between the food desert, food swamp, and good access groups. Results A total of 3064 subjects were included in the study, of these 1370 (44.7%) were female and 1694 (55.3%) were male. In terms of access, 96 (3.1%) individuals lived in food deserts, 477 (15.6%) lived in good access areas, and 2490 (81.3%) resided in food swamps. This difference was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Age, sex, and BMI did not differ significantly between the three groups. A significantly higher percentage of food swamp residents had a diagnosis of diabetes (15.0%) as compared to subjects living in good food access areas (11.7%) and food deserts (8.3%), (p < 0.043). Hypertension was also found to be more prevalent in food swamps (24.8%) than food deserts (20.8%) and good access areas (19.3%), (p < 0.028). Finally, smoking was more common in food swamps (45.3%) than good access areas (40.4%) and food deserts (27.9%), (p < 0.0028). Conclusions A majority of burn patients reside in food swamps and residency in these areas is associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and tobacco smoking. This is the first study to investigate the epidemiology of food access in an urban burn population. Applicability of Research to Practice Nutrition is known to be important to overall health and to wound healing in the setting of an acute injury. Our data contributes to the current literature on the role of nutrition in burns.

Published
2023
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32. 777 Food Swamps, Food Deserts, and Wound Healing in Burn Patients at an Urban Academic Center

Author

Brienne Donovan, Daniel Wiese, Jingwei Wu, Lisa Rae, Jeffrey Anderson, and Kevin Henry

Subjects
Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract

Introduction Many victims of burn injury live in food deserts or food swamps. Food deserts are low-income areas with minimal or no access to nutritious foods while food swamps are areas with much greater access to unhealthy, high-calorie foods. We examined the relationship between residency in a food swamp or food desert by census tract and wound healing. Methods We performed a retrospective review of burn patients who underwent split-thickness skin grafting at an ABA verified urban academic burn center between September 2018 and August 2022. Inclusion criteria were burn area less than 20% total body surface area (TBSA), age ≥ 18, and single operation for split-thickness skin grafting. Patient residential locations were used in conjunction with Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mREFI) data to classify residency in food deserts and food swamps. The primary outcome was time to donor site healing. Time-to-event Cox proportional regression analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for poor wound healing. Results A total of 238 patients were included in the study, of whom 110 (46.2%) were female and 128 (53.8%) were male. Mean age was 48, BMI was 28.5, TBSA 3.7, and average days to donor site healing was 26. In categorizing residency by mREFI data, 45 (18.9%) individuals had good access, 11 (4.6%) resided in food deserts, and 182 (76.5%) resided in food swamps. Although time to healing was longer on average in the food desert (25.8 days) and food swamp (26.4 days) groups compared to the group with good access to food within ½ mile (22.9 days), this difference was not statistically significant. Not having diabetes was found to be associated with shorter time to wound healing (HR=1.68, 95% CI [1.15, 2.47], p=0.007). Living in a good access area was associated with faster wound healing (compared to swamp: HR=1.23, 95% CI [0.86, 1.75], compare to desert: HR=1.06, 95% CI [0.51, 2.20]), however this association was not statistically significant. Conclusions Residency in a food swamp or food desert does not significantly influence time to healing in burn injured patients. However, not having diabetes was associated with a shorter time to wound healing. This is the first study to compare residency in food deserts or food swamps by census tract level data with time to wound healing in an urban burn population. Applicability of Research to Practice Wound healing is a complex and important process known to be affected by malnutrition. Our data contributes to the current body of literature on nutrition and wound healing.

Published
2023
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33. Abstract 6754: Clinical characteristics, real-world treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes among patients with previously treated metastatic or unresectable EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer in the United States

Author

Jyoti D. Patel, Jie Meng, Sudarshan Phani, Aaron Crowley, Summera Zhou, Maribel Salas, Yoko Tanaka, Hoa Le, Jeffrey Anderson, and Karen L. Reckamp

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology
Abstract

Background: A consensus on preferred treatment for patients with EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (a/mNSCLC) who have progressed on osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) has yet to be established. The study objectives were to describe patient characteristics and treatment patterns in this context and assess corresponding clinical outcomes in the US real-world setting. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of data sourced from Flatiron’s de-identified database, which included electronic health records and curated cancer data from approximately 280 US cancer clinics (~800 US sites of care). The index line of therapy (LOT) was defined as initiation of a new treatment regimen after osimertinib and PBC. Adults were eligible for inclusion if they: 1) were diagnosed with a/mNSCLC on or after January 1, 2011; 2) had evidence of an activating EGFR mutation (exon 19 or L858R); 3) initiated a new LOT between November 13, 2015, and June 30, 2021, after treatment with osimertinib and PBC. Treatment regimens in the index LOT were summarized, and real-world overall survival (rwOS, defined as the time from initiation of index LOT to death) and real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS, defined as the time from initiation of index LOT to disease progression or death) were assessed. Results: Among 273 study patients included, the majority were ≥65 years (57%), female (67%), Caucasian (65%; Asian, 17%; Black or African American, 6%), with no history of smoking (58%), performance status 0-1 (82%), and >2 prior LOT (64%). Median follow-up duration was 7.3 months. Index treatment regimens were classified as tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy (15%) or TKI in combination with non-immuno-oncologic agents (12%), non-platinum-based chemotherapy (23%), immuno-oncologic monotherapy (17%) or combination therapy (15%), PBC (12%), a regimen containing a clinical study drug (4%), or other NSCLC therapy (1%). Deaths occurred in 203 patients (74%) during follow-up; median rwOS was 8.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.4-9.8). Real-world progression occurred in 235 patients (86%); median rwPFS was 3.3 months (95% CI, 2.8-4.4). Conclusions: For patients with EGFRm a/mNSCLC, third-generation EGFR TKIs such as osimertinib can provide disease control, however progression is common. After disease progression, chemotherapy is often the next treatment of choice. Results of this real-world study show that treatment patterns after EGFR TKI and PBC are highly variable and suggest poor clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for more efficacious treatments among patients with previously treated a/mNSCLC. Citation Format: Jyoti D. Patel, Jie Meng, Sudarshan Phani, Aaron Crowley, Summera Zhou, Maribel Salas, Yoko Tanaka, Hoa Le, Jeffrey Anderson, Karen L. Reckamp. Clinical characteristics, real-world treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes among patients with previously treated metastatic or unresectable EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer in the United States. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6754.

Published
2023
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37. Talk and Die: A Descriptive Analysis of Penetrating Trauma Patients

Author

Elizabeth Dauer, Jessica H. Beard, Zoë Maher, Lars Sjoholm, Thomas Santora, Abhijit Pathak, Jeffrey Anderson, and Amy Goldberg

Subjects
Thoracotomy, Resuscitation, Humans, Surgery, Glasgow Coma Scale, Wounds, Penetrating, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

"Talk and die" traditionally described occult presentations of fatal intracranial injuries, but we broaden its definition to victims of penetrating trauma.We conducted a descriptive analysis of patients with penetrating torso trauma who presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale verbal score ≥3 and died within 48 h of arrival from 2008 to 2018.Sixty patients were identified. Eighteen (30.0%) required resuscitative thoracotomy with 7 (11.7%) dying in the trauma bay. Fifty-three (86.9%) patients went to the operating room, and 35 (66.0%) required multicavitary exploration. The most common injuries were hollow viscous (58.5%), intra-abdominal vascular (49.0%), liver (28.3%), pulmonary (26.4%), intrathoracic vascular (18.9%), and cardiac (15.75) injuries. Twenty-three (43.4%) patients survived their initial operation, but died in the first 48 h postoperatively.Patients who "talk and die" most frequently have intra-abdominal vascular injures and require multicavitary exploration.

Published
2021

38. Economics and Outcomes of Sotalol In-Patient Dosing Approaches in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Daniel Varela, Tyson Burnham, Heidi May, Tami Bair, Benjamin Steinberg, Joseph Muhlestein, Jeffrey Anderson, Kirk Knowlton, and Thomas Bunch

Abstract

Background: There exists variability in the administration of inpatient sotalol therapy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation(AF). The impact of this variability on patient in-hospital and 30-day post-hospitalization costs and outcomes is not known. Also, the cost impact of intravenous sotalol, which can accelerate drug loading to therapeutic levels, is unknown. Methods: 133 AF patients admitted for sotalol initiation at an Intermountain Healthcare Hospital from January 2017-December 2018 were included. Patient and dosing characteristics were described descriptively, and the impact of dosing schedule was correlated with daily hospital costs/clinical outcomes during the index hospitalization and for 30 days. The CMS reimbursement for 3-day sotalol initiation is $9,263.51. Projections of cost savings were made considering a 1-day load using intravenous sotalol that costs $2,500.00 to administer. Results: The average age was 70.3±12.3 years, 60.2% were male with comorbidities of: hypertension(83%), diabetes(36%), and coronary artery disease(53%). Mean ejection fraction was 59.9±7.8% and median QTc was 453.7±37.6 ms before sotalol. No ventricular arrhythmias developed, but bradycardia(

Published
2021
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39. 522 Food Deserts and Burn Wound Healing - Does Geography in an Urban Environment Matter?

Author

Brienne Donovan, Jeffrey Anderson, Chinaemelum Akpunonu, Lisa Rae, and Huaqing Zhao

Subjects
Rehabilitation, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract

Introduction Many burn injury victims in the United States live in regions designated as food deserts. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) defines food deserts as low-income areas where a substantial number of residents do not have access to a supermarket. Nutrition is known to be critical to wound healing. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if there is a relationship between residence in a USDA designated food desert, burn patient cormorbidities, and wound healing at an urban academic medical center. Methods We performed a retrospective review of burn injured patients at an ABA verified urban academic burn center between September 2018 and April 2021. Inclusion criteria were burn injury of less than 20% total body surface area (TBSA), age ≥ 18, and single operation for split thickness skin grafting. Zip codes were used in conjunction with the USDA Food Access Research Atlas to classify residence in food deserts. The primary outcome was donor site time to healing. A multivariable logistical regression analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for poor wound healing at an urban academic burn center and to determine if residence in a USDA delegated food desert was one of those risk factors. Results A total of 150 patients were identified for inclusion from September 2018 through April 2021. There were 73 women (48.7%) and 77 men (51.3%). The median age was 48.5 (IQR 34.0, 58.0). The average body mass index (BMI) was 28.2 (6.6). Age (p=0.60), sex (p=0.35), hypertension (p=0.74), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p=0.076), hyperlipidemia (p=0.77), congestive heart failure (p=0.47), and BMI (p=0.37), and time to donor site healing (p=0.55) were not significantly different between patients who lived in food deserts and those who did not. Patients who lived in food deserts, however, had a higher incidence of diabetes (p=0.05). The multivariable model also shows that time to healing is not different between patients who live in food deserts and those who did not. However, the multivariable model shows that patients with diabetes have an increased time to healing (p=0.002). Conclusions Residence in a USDA delegated food desert does not significantly influence time to healing of donor sites in burn injured patients. However, diabetes is significantly higher in patients who live in USDA delegated food deserts, and diabetes demonstrates a significant delay in wound healing. This is the first study comparing residence in a USDA food desert, burn patient comorbidities, and time to wound healing in an urban burn population.

Published
2022
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40. Nivolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Sorafenib-experienced Asian cohort analysis

Author

Yee Chao, Huanyu Zhao, Chiun Hsu, Ryoko Kuromatsu, Jeffrey Anderson, Winnie Yeo, Christine Dela Cruz, Ming-Mo Hou, Akhil Chopra, Tae You Kim, Michihisa Moriguchi, Yoon-Koo Kang, Su Pin Choo, Masafumi Ikeda, Thomas Yau, Kazushi Numata, and Masatoshi Kudo

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Sorafenib, Hepatitis B virus, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Population, Hepacivirus, B7-H1 Antigen, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Hepatology, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Hepatitis C, Clinical trial, Editorial Commentary, Nivolumab, Treatment Outcome, 030104 developmental biology, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Liver cancer, Follow-Up Studies, Cohort study, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background & Aims Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, is approved in several countries to treat sorafenib-experienced patients with HCC, based on results from the CheckMate 040 study (NCT01658878). Marked differences exist in HCC clinical presentation, aetiology, treatment patterns and outcomes across regions. This analysis assessed the safety and efficacy of nivolumab in the Asian cohort of CheckMate 040. Methods CheckMate 040 is an international, multicentre, open-label, phase I/II study of nivolumab in adults with advanced HCC, regardless of aetiology, not amenable to curative resection or local treatment and with/without previous sorafenib treatment. This analysis included all sorafenib-experienced patients in the intent-to-treat (ITT) overall population and Asian cohort. The analysis cut-off date was March 2018. Results There were 182 and 85 patients in the ITT population and Asian cohort, respectively. In both populations, most patients were older than 60 years, had BCLC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer) Stage C disease, and had received previous systemic therapy. A higher percentage of Asian patients had HBV infections, extrahepatic metastases and prior therapies. Median follow-up was 31.6 and 31.3 months for the ITT and Asian patients, respectively. Objective response rates were 14% and 15% in the ITT population and Asian cohort, respectively. In the Asian cohort, patients with HBV, HCV or those who were uninfected had objective response rates of 13%, 14% and 21%, respectively. The median duration of response was longer in the ITT (19.4 months) vs. Asian patients (9.7 months). Median overall survival was similar between the ITT (15.1 months) and Asian patients (14.9 months), and unaffected by aetiology in Asian patients. The nivolumab safety profile was similar and manageable across both populations. Conclusion Nivolumab safety and efficacy are comparable between sorafenib-experienced ITT and Asian patients. Lay summary The CheckMate 040 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were refractory to previous sorafenib treatment or chemotherapy. This subanalysis of the data showed that treatment responses and safety in patients in Asia were similar to those of the overall treatment population, providing support for nivolumab as a treatment option for these patients. Clinical trial number: NCT01658878.

Published
2019
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41. TCT-474 FANTOM II Long Lesion Study: Initial Safety and Performance Study of the Fantom Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold in Long Lesions—First Report: 2-Year Outcomes

Author

Matthias Lutz, Bernard Chevalier, Didier Carrie, Jeffrey Anderson, and Alexandre Abizaid

Subjects
Scaffold, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Lesion study, Fantom, Sirolimus, Medicine, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Long lesions, computer, medicine.drug, computer.programming_language
Published
2021
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42. American College of Cardiology Body Mass Index Counseling Quality Improvement Initiative

Author

Ashraf S, Harahsheh, Arash, Sabati, Jeffrey, Anderson, Kathy, Jenkins, Carolyn M, Wilhelm, Roy, Jedeikin, and Devyani, Chowdhury

Subjects
Counseling, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Cardiology, Humans, Obesity, Child, Quality Improvement, United States, Body Mass Index
Abstract

Overweight/obesity, prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in children, can be associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in children with heart disease. The American College of Cardiology (ACC) developed quality metrics including a BMI metric related to identifying and counseling overweight and obese children presenting to cardiology clinics. This metric was used for a multicenter collaborative learning Quality improvement (QI) Project through the ACC Quality Network (QNet). Our aim was to increase the percentage of children between ages 3 and 18 years presenting to cardiology clinics at participating centers with BMI 85th percentile who received appropriate counseling. Participating centers submitted data quarterly to QNet for a sample of patients who received counseling. A Key Driver Diagram was created to help teams drive improvement. Individual centers customized interventions and participated in network-wide educational learning sessions about QI and shared experience. Statistical process control charts were used. From 04/01/2017 to 09/30/2019, 27,511 patient visits were included. Among 32 participating centers, overall counseling rate was 54%. The BMI counseling rate increased from 25% in 2017Q2 to 54% in 2019Q3. There was a wide variation from 10 to 100% in the performance of individual centers. The overall rate of identification and counseling of overweight and obese children presenting to ambulatory cardiology clinics in participating centers is low. There is wide variation in the performance of centers, providing an opportunity for improvement. Using this multicenter learning approach, individual centers have demonstrated improvement. This demonstrates that collaborative learning approaches in QI can increase implementation of the metric.

Published
2020

47. Results from An Ensemble Reanalysis with the Community Earth System Model 2.1

Author

Kevin Raeder, Jeffrey Anderson, TImothy Hoar, Nancy Collins, and Moha El Gharamti

Abstract

The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) has recently released version 2.1 of the Community Earth System Model (CESM 2.1). A twenty-year, 80-member ensemble atmospheric reanalysis with 1-degree resolution in the CAM6 atmospheric model is being produced using NCAR’s Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) to support a variety of climate research goals. A standard configuration of CAM and the CLM5 land surface model will be coupled to a prescribed ocean and sea ice. Eventually, the reanalyisis will generate a final product that extends from 1999 to the present. Observations being assimilated include in situ observations used in the operational NCEP CFSR reanalysis along with GPS occultation observations and remote sensing temperature retrievals. The primary goal is to provide an ensemble of atmospheric forcing that can be used to generate additional ensemble reanalyses for other components of CESM including CLM, the POP and MOM6 ocean models, and the CICE sea ice model. Highlights of results from the first 10-years of the reanalysis will be presented. Results will include evaluation of short-term forecasts in observation space for root mean square error, ensemble spread, and ensemble consistency. In addition, key aspects of the atmospheric forcing files for other components of the climate system will be discussed.

Published
2020
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48. Cardiac Networks United: an integrated paediatric and congenital cardiovascular research and improvement network

Author

Bradley S. Marino, Andrew N. Redington, Jonathan R. Kaltman, John R. Charpie, Jeffrey Anderson, David W. Brown, Peter A. Margolis, Angela Lorts, Carole Lannon, Nicolas L. Madsen, David Kasnic, Michael Gaies, Alaina K. Kipps, John M. Costello, Sara K. Pasquali, Stacey L. Lihn, Gail D. Pearson, and Jeffrey P. Jacobs

Subjects
Heart Defects, Congenital, Parents, Knowledge management, Quality management, Interprofessional Relations, Cardiovascular research, Scientific discovery, Cardiology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, computer.software_genre, Pediatrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Registries, Program Development, Information Services, business.industry, Data Collection, Stakeholder, General Medicine, Quality Improvement, Paediatric cardiology, Interinstitutional Relations, 030228 respiratory system, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Organizational structure, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, computer, Data integration
Abstract

Optimising short- and long-term outcomes for children and patients with CHD depends on continued scientific discovery and translation to clinical improvements in a coordinated effort by multiple stakeholders. Several challenges remain for clinicians, researchers, administrators, patients, and families seeking continuous scientific and clinical advancements in the field. We describe a new integrated research and improvement network – Cardiac Networks United – that seeks to build upon the experience and success achieved to-date to create a new infrastructure for research and quality improvement that will serve the needs of the paediatric and congenital heart community in the future. Existing gaps in data integration and barriers to improvement are described, along with the mission and vision, organisational structure, and early objectives of Cardiac Networks United. Finally, representatives of key stakeholder groups – heart centre executives, research leaders, learning health system experts, and parent advocates – offer their perspectives on the need for this new collaborative effort.

Published
2018
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50. A techno-economic assessment of carbon-sequestration tax incentives in the U.S. power sector

Author

Jeffrey Anderson, David C. Rode, Haibo Zhai, and Paul S. Fischbeck

Subjects
business.industry, Combined cycle, Carbon capture and storage (timeline), Techno economic, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental economics, Carbon sequestration, Pollution, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, General Energy, Incentive, Tax credit, Natural gas, law, Duration (project management), business
Abstract

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a prominent mitigation technology in many of the pathways to achieve global net-zero carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite this proposed importance, only one operational power facility in the U.S. is currently equipped with CCS. Further CCS capacity may be promoted with recently-enhanced tax credits for carbon sequestration in Section 45Q of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. In this paper, we expand the unit-specific techno-economic model ESTEAM to include coal-fired and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) retrofitted CCS capacity and new NGCC CCS capacity to evaluate CCS for sequestration in the projected 2030 U.S. fossil-fuel fleet. Using this model in a parametric study, we conclude that unique credit levels for each CCS option are required for each option to separately achieve the same percent generation level of the projected 2030 net generation. We further find that increasing the credit duration can lower the CO2 avoided cost for the fleets and increase CCS-capacity bridging from 2030 to 2050. Overall, we determine that a lower avoided cost for immediate sequestration is achieved through promoting new and existing NGCC CCS.

Published
2021
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