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Resumen Los medios modernos de investigacion, en particular la ecografia, han aumentado considerablemente la frecuencia teorica de los tumores tiroideos. En realidad, conviene tener en cuenta unicamente los tumores palpables, nodulo aislado, bocios multinodulares, invasion neoplasica masiva. La dificultad del diagnostico y, por consiguiente del tratamiento, consiste en distinguir entre tumores benignos, funcionales o no, y tumores malignos. La clinica permite, evidentemente, reconocer los canceres avanzados, pero el diagnostico precoz, en el estadio nodular, es practicamente imposible fuera del analisis histologico, lo que representa el gran problema del tratamiento y el control de estos pacientes. Por otro lado, debe descartarse una patologia no tumoral, es decir, tumefacciones de la glandula tiroidea, que no pueden considerarse como tumores aunque sean tumefacciones.

Reconstruction of the oropharynx and the hypopharynx is difficult due to their wide diameters. We report eight cases of circumferential pharyngolaryngectomies for epidermoid carcinomas of the hypopharynx extended to the oropharynx and classified T4. Reconstruction was performed with a U-shaped free jejunal transplantation. This specific technique consists of a side to side anastomosis between two loops of jejunum. It facilitates reconstruction at the level of the oropharynx and diminishes postoperative complications.

This paper presents the first case of human genetic hearing loss due to predominant inner hair cell damage investigated by psychoacoustic audiometry, auditory brainstem responses (ABR), evoked acoustic emissions (EAEs), and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOEs). The genetic transmission was an autosomal dominant inheritance. The audiogram pattern was a dominant high-frequency hearing loss. EAE and DPOE properties were normal. Bronx waltzer mutant mouse with genetically determined predominant inner hair cell defects provide an interesting model to study this congenital deafness. This rare congenital deafness with predominant damage to inner hair cells cannot be detected by neonatal screening techniques using EAEs or DPOEs.

Over the past decade, with the important development of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy associating cisplatin and 5 FU (CF), a major change in the indication of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer has taken place. There is still an ongoing discussion regarding the results in term of survical. Despite these controversies, some facts appear to be obvious: prognosis is better for patients with complete clinical response (CCR); rate of CCR is better in small tumors (T1 – T2) than in large tumors (T3 – T4).