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In this research, a method was proposed to estimate the potential evaporation in polytunnel fields. In order to calculate the potential evaporation by the Penman method, as part of an irrigation plan, the climatic conditions inside the tunnels needed to be accurately estimated by adjusting the climatic conditions outside the tunnels. Measurements taken in two polytunnels of watermelon plants from April to June of 2005 and 2006, respectively, revealed that the climatic conditions inside the tunnels differed from those in open fields outside the tunnels. The air temperature inside the tunnels was 2.0 to 4.5 °C higher than that in the open fields, the air saturation deficiency was equivalent to that in the open fields, and there was more or less no wind. The net radiation inside the tunnels was estimated by an equation that uses the transmission factor and shielding factor values. In this study, the crop coefficient of watermelon was assumed to be the ratio of the water consumption to the potential evaporation value estimated by the Penman method, which was almost identical to the design standard value used in irrigation planning in Japan. Furthermore, this study showed that rainfall outside the approximately 1.5-m-wide tunnels did not affect the soil moisture within the tunnels, because the soil moisture inside the tunnels did not increase in response to the 100 mm of rain that fell over two days. Thus, the potential evaporation inside a polytunnel can be estimated with the Penman method and then adjusted with respect to the climatic factor values from neighboring open fields. In irrigation planning, such tunnels should be reclassified as greenhouses, rather than open field sites, due to their lack of access to rainfall.

Additional file 1: Table S1. List of fish samples used in this study, Table S2. Classification performance of conventional SVM, Figure S1. Representative T2 relaxation curves for the various fish samples used in this study, Figure S2. Analytical procedure involving compressive force measurements by autograph, Figure S3. Categorization of compressive force data based on a data-driven approach, Figure S4. Performance evaluation of variable optimization approach with bootstrap resampling-based matrixing, Figure S5. Classification performance of SVM-based relaxometric learning, Figure S6. Robustness evaluation of the relaxometric learning for fluctuation of each variable. Figure S7. ROC curves and the corresponding AUC values for each method, Figure S8. Classification performance of SVM-based relaxometric learning in determining the geographical differences between Kyphosidae taken from Tokyo Bay and Sagami Bay.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity stress and flower number on growth, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and fruit quality of cherry tomatoes cultivated under soilless...

日本アイソトープ協会医学薬学部会サイクロトロン核医学利用専門委員会のFDG-PET合同ワーキンググループと日本核医学会では, 痴呆の診断のためのFDG-PET検査について, 全国のPET施設を対象に実態調査を行った。15施設から1年間に計406例の症例データが提供された。検査目的としては, 記憶障害を訴える患者に対するアルツハイマー型痴呆症の早期診断を目的とするものと (目的A, 154例) , 痴呆をきたす変性疾患の鑑別診断を目的とするもの (目的B, 144例) が多かった。ほとんどの例でPETによってその目的が達成されたか, 又はほぼ達成された。また, PETを施行すれば脳血流SPECTを省略できると考えられた。更に, PETで初めてアルツハイマー型痴呆症と診断された患者にドネペジルによる薬物治療を行えば, 病気の進行を遅らせることによって介護費用を節減でき, PETも治療も行わない場合に比べて1例あたりの2年間の医療費+介護費が, 目的Aで6.15万円, 目的Bで1.37万円, それぞれ削減できると推定された。一方で患者のQOLが向上し, 治療開始後2年間のQALY (Quality Adjusted LifeYear, QOLで加重した生存年) は, 1例あたり目的Aで0.0442, 目的Bで0.0137, それぞれ増加した。したがってPETの導入は医療経済的に「優位」であると考えられた。我が国全体では, 目的Aの対象となる患者を毎年約9000人と推定すると, 痴呆の早期診断へのPETの導入によって毎年5.5億円の費用削減と健常者398人分に相当するQOLの向上が得られると推定された。