1. Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection drives long-term remodeling of the memory B cell repertoire in vaccinated individuals
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Sokal, Aurélien, Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna, Hunault, Lise, Fernández, Ignacio, Broketa, Matteo, Meola, Annalisa, Fourati, Slim, Azzaoui, Imane, Vandenberghe, Alexis, Lagouge-Roussey, Pauline, Broutin, Manon, Roeser, Anais, Bouvier-Alias, Magali, Crickx, Etienne, Languille, Laetitia, Fournier, Morgane, Michel, Marc, Godeau, Bertrand, Gallien, Sébastien, Melica, Giovanna, Nguyen, Yann, Canoui-Poitrine, Florence, Noizat-Pirenne, France, Megret, Jérôme, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Fillatreau, Simon, Reynaud, Claude-Agnès, Weill, Jean-Claude, Rey, Félix, Bruhns, Pierre, Mahévas, Matthieu, Chappert, Pascal, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CIC - CHU Henri Mondor, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Anticorps en thérapie et pathologie - Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Physiologie, physiopathologie et thérapeutique (ED 394), Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], IMRB - CEPIA/'Clinical Epidemiology And Ageing : Geriatrics, Primary Care and Public Health' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Etablissement Français du Sang [Créteil], Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker (SFR Necker - UMS 3633 / US24), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and This work was funded by the CAPNET (Comité ad-hoc de pilotage national des essaisthérapeutiques et autres recherches, French government) and by the Fondation PrincesseGrace. Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP, Département de la Recherche Cli-nique et du Développement) was the promotor and sponsor of MEMO-COV-2. Work in theUnit of Structural Virology was funded by Institut Pasteur, Urgence COVID-19 FundraisingCampaign of Institut Pasteur. PB acknowledges funding from the Institut Pasteur and InsitutNational de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM). AS was supported by a Posted’accueil from INSERM.
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology - Abstract
SummaryHow infection by a viral variant showing antigenic drift impacts a preformed mature human memory B cell (MBC) repertoire remains an open question. Here, we studied the MBC response up to 6 months after Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection in individuals previously vaccinated with three doses of mRNA vaccine. Longitudinal analysis, using single-cell multi-omics and functional analysis of monoclonal antibodies from RBD-specific MBCs, revealed that a BA.1 breakthrough infection mostly recruited pre-existing cross-reactive MBCs with limitedde novoresponse against BA.1-restricted epitopes. Reorganization of clonal hierarchy and new rounds of germinal center reaction, however, combined to maintain diversity and induce progressive maturation of the MBC repertoire against common Hu-1 and BA.1, but not BA.5-restricted, SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD epitopes. Such remodeling was further associated with marked improvement in overall neutralizing breadth and potency. These findings have fundamental implications for the design of future vaccination booster strategies.
- Published
- 2023
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