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BackgroundShock is associated with the activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic system, and D-dimer is the degradation product of cross-linked fibrin. However, the prognostic value of D-dimer in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of consecutive patients with CS complicating AMI. The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality and the secondary endpoint was the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including 30-day all-cause mortality, ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, atrioventricular block, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and non-fatal stroke. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were performed to assess the association between admission D-dimer and outcomes. A multivariable Cox regression model was performed to identify independent risk factors. The risk predictive potency with D-dimer added to the traditional risk scores was evaluated by C-statistics and the net reclassification index.ResultsAmong 218 patients with CS complicating AMI, those who died during the 30-day follow-up presented with worse baseline characteristics and laboratory test results, including a higher level of D-dimer. According to the X-tile program result, the continuous plasma D-dimer level was divided into three gradients. The 30-day all-cause mortality in patients with low, medium, and high levels of D-dimer were 22.4, 53.3, and 86.2%, respectively (p < 0.001 for all). The 30-day incidence of MACEs was 46.3, 77.0, and 89.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression model, the trilogy of D-dimer level was an independent risk predictor for 30-day mortality (median D-dimer cohort: HR 1.768, 95% CI 0.982–3.183, p = 0.057; high D-dimer cohort: HR 2.602, 95% CI 1.310–5.168, p = 0.006), a similar result was observed in secondary endpoint events (median D-dimer cohort: HR 2.012, 95% CI 1.329–3.044, p = 0.001; high D-dimer cohort: HR 2.543, 95% CI 1.452–4.453, p = 0.001). The RCS analyses suggested non-linear associations of D-dimer with 30-day mortality. The enrollment of D-dimer improved risk discrimination for all-cause death when combined with the traditional CardShock score (C-index: 0.741 vs. 0.756, pdifference = 0.004) and the IABP-SHOCK II score (C-index: 0.732 vs. 0.754, pdifference = 0.006), and the GRACE score (C-index: 0.679 vs. 0.715, pdifference < 0.001). Similar results were acquired after logarithmic transformed D-dimer was included in the risk score. The improvements in reclassification which were calculated as additional net reclassification index were 7.5, 8.6, and 12.8%, respectively.ConclusionAdmission D-dimer level was independently associated with the short-term outcome in patients with CS complicating AMI and addition of D-dimer brought incremental risk prediction value to traditional risk prediction scores.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the characteristics of patients with pericardial effusion requiring pericardiocentesis and to evaluate the safety of pericardiocentesis without discontinuation of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of patients undergoing pericardiocentesis in our hospital between 2012 and 2022. Patients were categorized into the Antithrombotic Group if they had used any antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs on the day of pericardiocentesis; otherwise they were categorized into the Non-antithrombotic Group. All procedures were performed by experienced cardiologists with echocardiographic guidance. Bleeding events were defined using the National Institutes of Health scale of adverse events.ResultsA total of 501 consecutive patients were identified and 70 cases were under antithrombotic drugs (Antithrombotic Group). Patients in Antithrombotic Group were older, had more comorbidities, presented with lower platelet counts and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (all p < 0.05). Malignancy was the most common etiology for pericardial effusion in both groups (28.6% in Antithrombotic Group and 54.7% in Non-antithrombotic Group) and tuberculosis was the second etiology in the Non-antithrombotic Group (21.9%), while procedure-related effusion (17.1%) accounted for the second cause in the Antithrombotic Group. Two patients in the Antithrombotic Group had mild oozing at the puncture site that resolved without interventions (2.9 vs. 0%, p = 0.019), and no bleeding events higher than Grade 1 occurred in either group.ConclusionAlthough antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs may put patients undergoing pericardiocentesis at theoretically higher risk of bleeding, our study demonstrated that they are not associated with increased major bleeding complications.

Supplementary Material 1: DNA Methylation Alternation in Stanford-A Acute Aortic Dissection

Aberrant activation of the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway is often observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether lncRNA regulates the TGF-β/SMAD signaling remains largely unknown. Here, we identified an oncogenic lncRNA that was upregulated in HCC and was transcriptionally induced by TGF-β (named lnc-UTGF, lncRNA upregulated by TGF-β). Upon TGF-β stimulation, SMAD2/3 bound to the lnc-UTGF promoter and activated lnc-UTGF expression. In turn, the TGF-β/SMAD signaling was augmented by overexpressing lnc-UTGF, but was inhibited by silencing lnc-UTGF. Mechanism investigations revealed that lnc-UTGF interacted with the mRNAs of SMAD2 and SMAD4 via complementary base-pairing, resulting in enhanced stability of SMAD2/4 mRNAs. These data suggest a novel TGF-β/SMAD/lnc-UTGF positive feedback circuitry. Subsequent gain- and loss-of-function analyses disclosed that lnc-UTGF promoted the migration and invasion of hepatoma cells, and this effect of lnc-UTGF was attenuated by repressing SMAD2/4 expression or by mutating the SMAD2/4-binding sites in lnc-UTGF. Studies using mouse models further confirmed that in vivo metastasis of hepatoma xenografts was inhibited by silencing lnc-UTGF, but was enhanced by ectopic expression of lnc-UTGF. The lnc-UTGF level was positively correlated with the SMAD2/4 levels in xenografts. Consistently, we detected an association of lnc-UTGF upregulation with increase of SMAD2, SMAD4, and their metastasis effector SNAIL1 in human HCC. And high lnc-UTGF level was also significantly associated with enhanced metastasis potential, advanced TNM stages, and worse recurrence-free survival. Conclusion: there exists a lnc-UTGF-mediated positive feedback loop of the TGF-β signaling and its deregulation promotes hepatoma metastasis. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target for HCC metastasis.

Blockchain is a decentralized network ledger. Based on the core characteristics of blockchain such as decentralization, tamper-proof, and smart contract, it has been applied in many fields including finance, healthcare, food traceability and so on. However, blockchain technology still faces many challenges, such as scalability, interoperability, privacy leakage, and legal regulation, to be solved. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey of blockchain technology. Specifically, we firstly introduce the architecture of blockchain. Secondly, several typical application scenarios are described. Then, we list some technical and legal challenges of blockchain. Finally, the development of future trends of blockchain is analyzed.

Additional file 1: Table S1: Ingredients of experimental diets. Table S2: Primers for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), IL-1β, interferon γ (IFN-γ), and GAPDH. Figure S1: qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the heart of WT and SHRs.

This paper presents a deep learning model for the classification of 25 precious wood species. 25 precious wood species were sampled, observed and photographed under a 20-fold magnifying glass after polishing, and then classified by professors to mark the pictures. We removed the blurred part of the original images and got the effective region of images. The 25 kinds of wood pictures were flipped, and 192 pictures were obtained for each type of wood. A total of 4800 pictures were collected, so the experimental data sets were obtained. In this paper, data sets are divided according to the ratio of 60%:20%:20%. Among them, the 60% of the dataset is used as the training set, 20% as validation set and 20% as testing set. The purpose is that using training sets to train the models as much as possible, and retain a certain number of images to validate and test the model. The corresponding structure and weight of the model were directly used which the pre-trained model of the VGG19 network trained on the ImageNet dataset, and applied to the classification of 25 precious woods. The deep learning network achieves a good fitting effect by learning from a large number of labeled wood sample data and extracting effective features. It also has a good generalization performance on the test set.

Figure S2. (A and B) Plate clone formation assays were conducted in the indicated cells. The data are presented in triplicates as the meanâ Âąâ S.D. (PDF 4660 kb)

Figure S1. (A, B and C) OS, RFS and DMFS K-M curve for breast cancer patients with either GTSE1 high or GTSE1 low mRNA expression based on PROGgeneV2 database. (PDF 1460 kb)

Figure S3. (A) Overexpression of GTSE1 could promote cell migration in MCF7 cells compared with control cells. (B and C) Silencing or overexpression of GTSE1 markedly changed cell migration as detected by wound-healing assay. (D and E) Quantification data for C and D. *p

Figure S5. (A) Pattern of β-Galactosidase staining in the indicated cell. (B) The data are presented as the mean ± S.D. **p

Table S1: Primer sequence. Table S2: The sequences of small interfering RNA of GTSE1. Table S3: GTSE1 â SureSilencing shRNAâ plasmids sequences. (DOCX 27 kb)

The controversy of (p53) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma persists, despite the fact that many studies have been conducted on its correlation with latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), bcl-2, and prognosis. To better understand this postulated relationship, a metaanalysis was performed based on existing relevant studies. A total of 19 individual studies with a total of 1189 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the results revealed a significant association of p53-positive status with a poor 5-year survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients as the risk difference (RD) was -0.17 (95% CI, -0.31, -0.03; P=0.02, Pheterogeneity=0.01).The overall odds ratio (OR) for LMP1 in the p53 positive group vs. negative group revealed that a significantly elevated risk of positive LMP1 in the former was achieved (OR 5.52 95% CI, 2.66-11.46; P

Figure S4. (A and B) The gating of MDA-MB-231 siNC and siGTSE1 group cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5μg/ml) for 48 h and test for apoptosis respectively. (C and D) The gating of MDA-MB-468 siNC and siGTSE1 group cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (0.9μg/ml) for 48 h and test for apoptosis respectively. (E and F) The gating of MDA-MB-231-vector and overexpression of GTSE1 group cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5μg/ml) for 48 h, then test its apoptosis rate respectively. (G and H) The gating of MCF7-vector and overexpression of GTSE1 group cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (20μg/ml) for 48 h, then test its apoptosis rate respectively. (PDF 3207 kb)

Knockdown of CLCA2 promotes the growth in NPC cells in vitro. (PDF 464Â kb)

Overexpressing CLCA2 impairs NPC cell migration and silencing CLCA2 promotes NPC cell migration ability in vitro. (PDF 492Â kb)

Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using an improved Hummers method. Subsequently, catalysts of manganese oxides (at varying loadings) supported on graphene (MnOx/GR) were prepared by hydrothermal reaction for application in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 at low temperatures. The structural properties and catalytic performance were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The characterization results indicated that abundant functional groups existed on the surface of the prepared GO that could combine with manganese during preparation of the catalysts. Manganese oxide entities, with different crystallinities (MnO, Mn3O4, or MnO2), were dispersed on the surface of graphene. The results of the catalytic studies showed that the MnOx/GR catalysts prepared with different MnOx loadings all exhibited excellent low-temperature SCR activities. The catalyst with 20%(w) MnOx displayed the best activity, which was attributed to the high content of high-valent manganese and oxygen adsorbed onto the catalyst surface, as well as to the enhancement in redox abilities and the addition of active sites at low temperatures. 1383 Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2015 Vol.31 1 引 言 氮氧化物(NOx)是造成酸雨、光化学烟雾、臭氧 层破坏的主要大气污染物之一,对人体健康和生态 环境产生严重的危害,如何有效控制和减少NOx的 排放受到各国研究者的关注. 氨选择性催化还原 (NH3-SCR)技术利用NH3在催化剂和有氧的条件下 将NOx还原为N2,是应用最广泛、技术最成熟的治理 工业源NOx的方法. SCR技术去除NOx的核心是催 化剂, 目前商用钒钛催化剂 (V2O5/TiO2)在中温段 (300-400 °C)催化性能优越,该温度段是将脱硝装 置放在脱硫除尘装置之前,因此催化剂在高SO2和 高灰量的环境中易失活.如将脱硝装置放到脱硫除 尘装置之后就可以减轻SO2和灰尘的影响,但此时 烟气温度会下降到200 °C以下,为了避免中温催化 剂需要再加热烟气浪费能耗, 开发低温、高效的 NH3-SCR催化剂对解决这一问题具有非常重要的 意义. 近年来低温NH3-SCR催化剂获得了广泛而深 入的研究,关于催化剂活性组分的研究集中在过渡 金属氧化物(Fe、Mn、Co、Cr、Ni及Cu等),其中锰氧 化物由于存在多种不稳定的价态,易于进行氧化还 原反应因而展现了非常优越的低温SCR活性, 锰 基催化剂也成为国内外低温 SCR的研究热点. 目 前,研究报道的锰基催化剂主要包括2大类:负载型 和非负载型,其中负载型锰基催化剂不仅具有优良 的反应活性和催化效率,而且催化剂载体多价廉易 得, 可以降低脱硝催化剂的成本, 因而获得了较为 全面的研究. 催化剂载体主要包括金属氧化物 (TiO2、Al2O3等)、分子筛、碳材料等. 与其它载体相 比,碳材料如活性炭(AC)、活性碳纤维(ACF)、碳纳 米管(CNTs)具有来源广泛及使用后易于处理等优 点, 利于降低催化剂成本和环境危害, 是非常具有 潜力的催化剂载体. 关于MnOx活性组分负载到各 种碳基载体的催化剂用于 SCR的反应已均有报 道,且取得了较好的低温SCR活性.但是,这些碳 基催化剂依然存在活性组分易于聚集,电子传导性 不佳等问题,而使其低温SCR活性难以进一步提高. 石墨烯, 作为碳材料家族的新成员, 一经发现 就引起科学界极大的兴趣.目前关于石墨烯复合材 料的研究已经涉及催化、发光、储能 以及生 物医药 等许多领域,且均展示了潜在的应用前景. 与其它碳材料载体相比,石墨烯这种新型材料具有 独特的平面延展结构, 更大的理论比表面积(2630 m2∙g-1),较高的电子迁移率(2×105 cm2∙V-1∙s-1)和电 导率(10 S∙m-1),以及良好的机械性和热稳定性.较 大的比表面积有利于提高活性组分的分散度,优异 的电子特性可以极大地促进氧化还原过程中电子 的传递, 从而加速催化反应的进行. 同时, SCR催 化剂对NH3的吸附能力是催化剂活性的关键因素, NH3的吸附也是反应的决速步,研究表明石墨烯对 NH3具有较好的吸附性因而可能促进SCR反应的进 行. 此外,传统的氧化还原法制备石墨烯是以廉 价的石墨为原料,且制备的氧化石墨烯表面含有丰 富的含氧基团,这些含氧基团不仅使氧化石墨烯更 易分散于水溶液,而且可以通过化学键与金属离子 结合从而使负载更容易同时提高了活性组分的分 散性. 本论文以石墨为原料,采用改进的Hummers法 制备氧化石墨烯, 负载不同含量的MnOx为活性组 分, 制备低温 SCR催化剂. 通过傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR)光谱, 拉曼(Raman)光谱, X射线衍射(XRD), 透射电镜(TEM), N2吸附-脱附, X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)及H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)等多种手段进行 结构表征,并对催化剂的 SCR活性进行测定,探讨 了催化剂的催化活性与结构之间的构效关系. 2 实验部分 2.1 氧化石墨烯(GO)的制备 氧化石墨的制备采用改进的Hummers法, 其 制备过程如下:称取 3 g石墨粉和 18 g高锰酸钾混 合均匀待用, 量取 360 mL H2SO4和 40 mL H3PO4分 别加入三口烧瓶中,在磁力搅拌下将混合均匀的石 墨粉和高锰酸钾混合物缓慢加入H2SO4和H3PO4的 混合液中,随后将上述混合液于 50 °C的水浴锅中 搅拌12 h.反应结束后,将得到的灰绿色溶液放入装 有 400 mL冰块的玻璃容器中, 待冷却后缓慢加入 10 mL H2O2,此时溶液由灰绿色迅速变为亮黄色,搅 拌15 min待反应完全后离心,再先后用20%的HCl、 无水乙醇及去离子水洗涤至中性.将上述得到的氧 化石墨分散到去离子水中,超声 2-3 h即可得到均

In this paper, a scheme is put forward to design pulses which drive a three-level system based on the reverse engineering with Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory. The scheme can be applied to a three-level system even when the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) can not be used. The amplitudes of pulses and the maximal values of detunings in the system could be easily controlled by adjusting control parameters. We analyze the dynamics of the system by an invariant operator, so additional couplings are unnecessary. Moreover, the approaches to avoid singularity of pulses are studied and several useful results are obtained. We hope the scheme could contribute to fast quantum information processing without RWA., Comment: 9 pages 9 figures, has been accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Annalen der Physik

Manganese oxides supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MnOx/MWCNTs) catalysts were prepared by pore volume impregnation using MWCNTs as the catalyst support which was pretreated by concentrated nitric acid and oxygen dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed reduction/desorption (TPR/ TPD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of SO2 on the activity of the catalysts for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by ammonia and the SO2 poisoning mechanism were investigated. The results showed that SO2 had an obvious poisoning effect on the SCR activity of MnOx/MWCNTs at low temperature. The activity decreased more rapidly as reaction temperature and SO2 concentration increased. The observed deactivation was attributed to the sulfation of the active center atoms. Formation of ammonium sulfate on the catalyst surface and the inhibiting effect of SO2 on NO adsorption also resulted in the deactivation of the catalysts to some extent.

The phase shift on reflection from upper and bottom reflectors of the low interference order tunable Fabry–Perot MEMS filter was found playing a crucial role in the determination of resonant wavelength. The simple formula Δ λ = 2 Δ ( nd ) / k , which was commonly used to describe the tuning process, was demonstrated not to be accurate. By using the transfer matrix method, the analytic expression for phase shift near the central wavelength of dielectric reflector was derived. The new linear relationship between the air gap and resonant wavelength was presented based on the resonant condition. The properties of mirrors that influence the tunable sensitivity were analyzed. Error of the linear relationship in a specified wavelength range was also estimated in this paper. The results are valid for all Fabry–Perot type optical tunable filters.

The complete and incomplete aggregation-annihilation processes are investigated with the method of generating function, and the scale exponents are obtained exactly. We find that the scale exponents of incomplete aggregation-annihilation process are different from the previous exponents obtained by different methods. The time dependence of the total number of clusters and the total mass of clusters are analytically obtained.

Metal-only ECO realizes the last-minute design changes by revising the photomasks of metal layers only. This task is challenging because the pre-injected spare cells are limited both in number and in cell types. This paper proposes a matching-based ECO synthesizer, named ECOS, that correctly implements the incremental design changes using the available spare cells as well as tries to reduce the prohibitive photomask cost at the same time. The experiments are conducted on five industrial testcases. ECOS uses less photomask costs to complete design changes for all cases than the direct method that transforms the widely-used hand-editing procedure into an automatic one.

This paper investigates the sources of economic fluctuations in the four Asian newly industrialized economies (NIEs), namely Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. As small open economies, their macroeconomic development is highly dependent on technology as well as markets of large countries. Using the common trends model, we examine the impacts of external supply shock, internal supply shock and trade shock on the key national macroeconomic variables of these four economies, i.e. output, consumption, investment, export and import. The identification restrictions of the models are derived from the economic theory about the long-run relationships among the variables. The impact parameters are calculated from the common trends models and are used to analyze the influences of different shocks on the macroeconomic fluctuations. Our empirical evidence suggests that supply-side disturbances, both the country-specific supply shocks and international supply shocks explain the bulk of fluctuations in output.

4 He + -H elastic recoil detection is used to profile hydrogen distributions in semi-insulating polysilicon films (SIPOS). The relation between hydrogen content and reactant gas flow ratio r , and the hydrogen release from SIPOS after annealing were measured. The experimental results show that the hydrogen content is much less than the oxygen content in SIPOS films and rapidly decreases after annealing. The relation between hydrogen content and oxygen content, and the hydrogen incorporation with oxygen in SIPOS film were also discussed.

Objectives To explore the hypertension history and baseline blood pressure levelson the treatment of atrial fibrillation patients and the impact on one year follow-up cardiovascular outcomes. Methods This prospective study consecutively enrolled patients presenting to an emergency department with atrial fibrillation at 20 hospitals in China from 2009 to 2011. Baseline data and treatment were recorded, all patients were followed up for one year, and major cardiovascular outcomes were recorded. A total of 2015 atrial fibrillation patients were enrolled, and all the patients were divided into 4 groups according to the previous history of hypertension and baseline blood pressure levels: group 1—patients have previous hypertension history and baseline blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg; group 2—patients have previous hypertension history and normal baseline blood pressure; group 3—patients have no hypertension history but baseline blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg; group 4—patients have no hypertension history and normal baseline blood pressure. Results The average age of all patients was 68.5 ± 13.3 years, average systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 131.9 ± 23.3, 79.9 ± 14.7 respectively. 1118 patients (55.5%) had a history of hypertension, and about 91.1% hypertension patient received antihypertensive treatment. The difference of mortality, no central nervous system embolism incidence and major bleeding incidence in the 4 groups was not statistically significant (p values were 0.685, 0.893, 0.204 respectively). The stroke incidences of group 1,2,3,4 were 8.3%, 9.4%, 6.2% and 5.2% ( χ 2 = 8.721, p = 0.033). UnivariateCox regression analysis of risk factors for stroke, group 1 and 2 were the risk factors for stroke ( HR 1.613, 95%CI 1.054-2.469, p = 0.028; HR 1.83, 95%CI 1.179-2.864, p = 0.007) compared to group 4. The variables included in the multivariate Cox regression model was based on the baseline data and univariate analysis of meaningful factors as well as some common clinical risk factors, including hypertension groups, age, sex, history of coronary artery disease, history of heart failure, myocardial infarction history, history of rheumatic heart disease, a history of left ventricular hypertrophy, COPD history, history of stroke, history of diabetes, history of dementia, major bleeding history, diuretics, digoxin, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARB, clopidogrel, aspirin, warfarin, anti-arrhythmic drugs, statins. After adjusting the other risk factors, showed that hypertension and baseline blood pressure levels did not have independent predictive value (p = 0.737). And multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, sex, history of stroke, dementia/cognitive defects history were independent risk factor for one year follow-up of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients. Conclusions History of hypertension and baseline blood pressure levels was not the risk factors for one year cardiovascular outcomes of atrial fibrillation patients. Elderly female atrial fibrillation patients with previous stroke and dementia history had a higher risk of stroke incidence.

A series of AlN/SiO2 nano-multilayers with different SiO2 thickness were prepared by reactively magnetic sputtering. The microstructure of the nano-multilayers was characterized with X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and a nanoindentor was used to measure their mechanical properties. The phenomenon of crystallization of SiO2 in the multilayers and its effects on multilayer growth and mechanical properties were studied. Results show that SiO2, normally amorphous under sputtering condition, was crystallized when thickness was below 0.6 nm due to the effect of hcp crystal structure of AlN. And SiO2 formed a pseudocrystal structure just the same as AlN and grew epitaxially with AlN on the crystal plane of (0001). Because of the lattice mismatch between two layers, there existed an alternate stress field in the multilayer, which counted for a large portion of the hardness enhancement of the multilayer. Further increasing SiO2 layers thickness, the coherent interfaces of the multilayers were damaged and SiO2 become amorphous, accompanying by the decline in the hardness of the films.

Thin_film one_dimensional photonic crystal omnidirectional reflector used in vis ible region can be achieved by using angle domain overlapping reflectance bands. By using this method, the relative band width of the omnidirectional reflector consisting of four TiO2/SiO2 thin_film photonic crystals i s up to 41 33%. By comparison, the relative band width of the omnidirectional reflector c onstructed under the same condition as the above is only 1426% by using the co nventional frequency domain overlapping. The basic principle of the angle domai n overlapping is described. A thin_film one_dimensional photonic crystal omnidir ectional reflector used in visible region is calculated and given. Meanwhile, th e omnidirectional reflector used in ultraviolet region can be constructed by usi ng this new method, which cannot be obtained by the conventional method.

Based on the rudimentary double-chirped stack, exploiting wavelength-dependent penetration depth, repeated-period double-chirped structures, in which each couple of Bragg layers is repeated for different times, are presented to increase the spatial linear shift and the beam shifting with different incident wavelength, thus allowing the design of compact thin-film spatial wavelength demultiplexer. We compare the improved structure repeated for n times with the directly double -chirped structure with the same layer number, finding that the former has not only more advantages in theoretical design but a higher tolerance in experiment al fabrication. Besides, we have given the qualitative analysis for the strongosc illation appearing in the spatial dispersion curves when the repeated times of improved double-chirped structure or the wavelength of incident beam are relatively large.

Foreign exchange of astronomical serials as a means of developing a collection at the Purple Mountain Observatory is discussed.

This paper recommends a useful procedure for digesting the blood sample and discusses the optimum working conditions for determinations of whole blood selenium and serum selenium by cathodic stripping voltammetry. The blood sample is heated with the mixture of HNO3-HClO4 to destroy protein contents, and then HCl is used to reduce Se(VI) for the stripping measurement. Considering the matrix effects, the method of addition is preferred. Stripping peak potential, -0.5 v vs.Ag/AgCl. With the stripping peak current the linear working range for selenium is 0.1 – 12 ppb and 0.1 ppb is the detection limit. This method is highly sensitive, having fairly good repeatability. Coefficient of variation 3.97%. Recovery 91% – 108%. It has been applied to clinical analysis of which the results are satisfactory.

We report on 14 cases of endoscopically diagnosed and managed Ascaris-induced acute pancreatitis. Fifteen live adult ascarides were found in fourteen patients. Under direct endoscopic observation, all roundworms impacted in the papilla of Vater were grasped by the biopsy forceps and removed. After the endoscopic procedure, all the symptoms subsided, and laboratory data gradually returned to normal levels. We believe that this method is a safe procedure without complications or risk.