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A facile esterification and electrospinning method is utilized to convert the waste lignin into nitrogen-oxygen co-doped esterified lignin/polyacrylonitrile based carbon nanofibers (E-CNFs). The analysis of FTIR and H1-NMR shows that the esterification reaction occurs between the hydroxyl group and the anhydride group and the ester bond is established in precursor. The lignin after esterification has lower glass transition temperature (Tg), and hence the obtained E-CNFs exhibit inter-fiber bonding structure, higher heteroatom content, and better wettability, rendering an efficient electron transport network and contributing pseudo capacitance. Such unique structure and morphology endow E-CNFs electrode with ultra-high specific capacitance of 320 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 200.4 F g−1 at 20 A g−1 with 6 M KOH aqueous as electrolyte, revealing outstanding rate capability. Moreover, the assembled E-CNFs//E-CNFs symmetric supercapacitors using 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous as electrolyte deliver a high coulombic efficiency of 112.5% at the current density 1 A g−1, a remarkable energy density of 17.92 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 800 W kg−1, and excellent cycling stability (∼5.5% loss after 5000 cycles). This inter-fiber bonding structure control strategy provides a perspective and avenue for the further development of high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors applications.

Cast-in-place pile foundations are widely employed to support basic infrastructures on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). However, concrete hydration heat substantially affects the thermal stabilization of pile foundations in permafrost regions. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of a cast-in-place pile foundation in a warm (>−1 °C) permafrost region on the interior QTP were studied via field observations and numerical simulations. The temperature field observations showed that the peak temperature of the pile foundation occurred two days after the concrete was poured, and that positive temperatures of the pile foundation lasted 21 days. The temperatures at different depths of the pile foundation dropped below 0 °C 93 days after the concrete was poured. However, even 224 days after the concrete was poured, the temperatures in the pile foundation were still higher than that of the natural ground. Based on the observational data, three-dimensional numerical models were established to analyze the thermal disturbances and the freezing process. The results showed that the thickness of the thermal disturbance annulus around the pile foundation was 1.6 m, namely, twice the pile diameter. It would take approximately 420 days for the temperatures in the pile foundation to recover to approximately that of the natural ground. When the mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) decreased, the thickness of the thermal disturbance annulus around the pile foundation increased, and the freezeback time of the pile foundation decreased.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221077499 for Neuronal GPR81 regulates developmental brain angiogenesis and promotes brain recovery after a hypoxic ischemic insult by Prabhas Chaudhari, Ankush Madaan, Jos�� Carlos Rivera, Iness Charfi, Tiffany Habelrih, Xin Hou, Mohammad Nezhady, Gregory Lodygensky, Graciela Pineyro, Thierry Muanza and Sylvain Chemtob in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221077499 for Neuronal GPR81 regulates developmental brain angiogenesis and promotes brain recovery after a hypoxic ischemic insult by Prabhas Chaudhari, Ankush Madaan, Jos�� Carlos Rivera, Iness Charfi, Tiffany Habelrih, Xin Hou, Mohammad Nezhady, Gregory Lodygensky, Graciela Pineyro, Thierry Muanza and Sylvain Chemtob in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Additional file 5. Primer and probe sequence information.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed information on the 96 tick libraries examined here. Figure S1. Gene arrangements in tick mitochondrial genomes across eight genera. There are 23 linear maps in 19 species of Haemaphysalis, nine in Amblyomma species, two in Bothriocroton species, three in two Hyalomma species, 13 in 10 Rhipicephalus species, 18 in 16 Ixodes species, one of Nuttalliellidae species and 26 linear maps of Argasid ticks. Each mitochondrial genome has 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal genes, 22 tRNA genes and misc-features varying with tick species. Mitochondrial gene arrangement and direction in Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor, Amblyomma, Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus and Bothriocroton are almost identical and those in Ixodes, Nuttalliellidae and Argasidae are almost identical. Protein-coding genes are denoted by yellow arrows, rRNA are denoted by red arrows, tRNA are denoted by pink arrows, and control regions are denoted by gray arrows. The direction of arrows indicated the direction of protein translation. Abbreviations are as follows: ND1 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, ND2 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2, ND3 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3, ND4 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, ND4L = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L, ND5 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, ND6 = NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6, COX1 = cytochrome oxidase I, COX2 = cytochrome oxidase II, COX3 = cytochrome oxidase III, ATP8 = ATPase8, ATP6 = ATPase8, 16 s rRNA = large ribosomal subunit, 12 s rRNA = small ribosomal subunit, CYTB = cytochrome b. Figure S2. Sequence alignment of special tandem repeat regions in misc-features of Dermacentor mt genome. The first hypervariable region located between tRNA-Gln and NAD1 (A), and the second hypervariable region located tRNA-Gln between tRNA-Phe (B), and its cloning of sequencing of PCR products spanning the control region implied various copy numbers of short repeat sequences within the same D. marginatus E1 sample (C). Table S2. Special tandem repeat regions in misc-features of Dermacentor mt genome. Figure S3. Detailed phylogenetic tree of ticks based on all 13 protein-coding genes and two rRNA genes inferred using both ML and Bayesian methods with two mites as the outgroup. Highly similar tree topologies were obtained. The trees are midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. For clarity, the bootstrap values are shown on the left with posterior probability on the right for each node. Mt genomes identified in this study are marked colored font according to different tick genera; the name of each tick genus is shown beside. Figure S4. Detailed phylogenetic tree of ticks based on only 13 protein-coding genes estimated using both ML and Bayesian methods with two mites as the outgroup. Highly similar tree topologies were obtained. The trees are midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. For each node, the bootstrap values are shown on the left with posterior probability on the right. Mt genomes identified in this study are marked colored font according to different tick genera; the name of each tick genus is shown beside. Figure S5. Detailed phylogenetic tree of ticks based on mt 12S rRNA gene estimated using ML methods. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Mt 12S rRNA gene identified in this study are marked colored font according to different tick genera, the name of each tick genus is shown beside. Figure S6. Detailed phylogenetic tree of ticks based on mt 16S rRNA gene estimated using ML methods. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Mt 16S rRNA gene identified in this study are marked colored font according to different tick genera, the name of each tick genus is shown beside. Figure S7. Differential diagnosis for D. nuttalli and D. silvarum. Adult trochanter l dorsal spur of D. nuttalli (A) is short, broad and blunt apically, while that of D. silvarum (B) is slightly long, pointed at the apex. Figure S8. Relative abundance of bacteria and fungi at the level of genus based on metaphlan2 results. Table S3. Prevalence of tick-borne bacteria in ticks at the level of genus. A total of 43 tick associated bacterial species were identified from 54 libraries and 7 tick genera (with the exception of Hyalomma). Bracketed numbers denote numbers of bacteria identified in each bacterial group at the level of genera. Table S4. The genetic similarity of bacterial strains identified in this study with its closest reference sequence. Figure S9. ML phylogenetic tree of the order Rickettsiales based on the groEL gene. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The strains identified here are marked by colored font according to different tick genera, and reference sequences are represented by black font with corresponding accession number nearby. Each bacterial group at genus level is denoted by gray font and a vertical line, while bacterial group at subfamily level is denoted by black font and a square bracket. Figure S10. ML phylogenetic tree of the order Rickettsiales based on the gltA gene. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The strains identified here are marked by colored font according to different tick genera, and reference sequences are represented by black font with corresponding accession number nearby. Each bacterial group at genus level is denoted by gray font and vertical line, while bacterial group at subfamily level is denoted by black font and square bracket. Figure S11. ML phylogenetic tree of the genus Rickettsia based on the six conserved housekeeping genes, including the atpD, coxB, ftsZ, gltA, groEL and sucA genes. Individual genes were first aligned and then concatenated to form super-alignment for phylogenetic analysis. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The strains identified here are marked by colored font according to different tick genera, and reference sequences are represented by black font with corresponding accession number nearby. The Rickettsiae collected here could further assigned into three groups: Spotted fever group (SFG), Typhus group (TG) and Belli group (BG). Figure S12. ML phylogenetic tree of the genus Coxiella based on the groEL gene. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The strains identified here are marked by colored font according to different tick genera, and reference sequences are represented by black font with corresponding accession number nearby. A significant clustering of Coxiella genetic diversity at the host general level was observed, and the position of C. burnetii was highlighted by an arrow. Figure S13. ML phylogenetic tree of the genus Borrelia based on the flaB gene. The tree is midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The trees are midpoint-rooted, and the scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The B. henanensis strain X1 identified here is marked in pink font according to its tick genus (Carios), and reference sequences are represented by black font with corresponding accession number nearby. The Borrelia collected here could be assigned into three groups: The Relapsing fever group (RFG), Reptile and echidna-associated Borrelia (REB) and Lyme borreliosis group (LB). Table S5. Multiple regression of bacteria genetic distance against tick genetic distance and geographic distance shows that bacterial genetic diversity was mainly structured by tick genetic distance rather than geographical distribution.

Linear traction motor has promoted the development of new rail transit and linear production line because of its unique advantages. However, the speed sensor of linear motor is expensive, such as grating ruler and magnetic grating ruler, and the speed sensor also has the problem of increasing the complexity and manufacturing cost of the system. However, the running speed of linear induction motors mostly depends on sensors at present. At present, the speed sensorless control strategy for rotating electrical machines has been studied and applied well in many motor control systems. In this paper, the speed sensorless motor control strategy is expounded and analyzed, and the speed sensorless motor control system with low reference speed and with high reference speed are simulated and compared based on vector control strategy, and the effectiveness of speed sensorless vector control is confirmed. This paper also obtains the future research trend in the field of linear motor control by analyzing the control technology of linear motor.

The cactus-like Cu2-xSe@Cu2-xSe nanowalls was prepared by secondary growth method using Cu2-xSe nanowalls as substrate. This special nanostructure comprises Cu2-xSe nano spines neatly growing on the sharp edges of Cu2-xSe nanowalls. Reaction time has a powerful effect on the formation and morphologies of Cu2-xSe nanowalls. XRD analysis indicated the cubic berzelianite phase of Cu2-xSe. The cactus-like Cu2-xSe@Cu2-xSe nanowalls presents a better field electron emission performance than the first synthesized Cu2-xSe nanowalls, possessing the turn-on field 2.04 V/μm and the enhancement factor of 5181. The formation mechanism of cactus-like Cu2-xSe@Cu2-xSe nanowalls was discussed and proposed. The results indicated that the cactus-like Cu2-xSe@Cu2-xSe nanowalls can be used as a promising material in field emission applications.

Different morphologies of CdSe and GO (graphene oxide)/CdSe microspheres like wool ball and walnut shape have been made through hydrothermal method using CTAB as surfactant. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectra, and UV–vis absorption spectrum, were used to intensively investigate the structures, morphologies, chemical compositions and optical properties of CdSe and GO/CdSe microspheres. The results of XRD revealed that GO/CdSe microspheres have lead-zinc mineral structure. The results of XRD, EDS, XPS and Raman spectra showed that GO/CdSe microspheres were grown on GO sheets. Also UV–vis absorption spectrum indicated that GO/CdSe microspheres enhanced absorbance in UV light region and visible light region. Through comparative experiments, the results showed that pH = 4 is the optimal pH value for degrading Rhodamine B (RhB) solution. To study the photocatalytic performance of GO/CdSe microspheres, we catalyzed the degradation of RhB aqueous solution irradiated by visible light. The photocatalytic results showed that the wool ball-like GO/CdSe microspheres exhibited better photocatalytic activity than rough CdSe.

Snow cover is characterized by the high albedo, low thermal conductivity, and notable heat transition during phase changes. Thus, snow cover significantly affects the ground thermal regime. A comparison of the snow cover in high latitudes or high-altitude snowy mountain regions indicates that the eastern Tianshan Mountains (China) show a characteristically thin snow cover (snow depth below 15 cm) with remarkable temporal variability. Based on snow depth, heat flux, and ground temperature from 2014 to 2015 in the Urumqi River source, the spatialtemporal characteristics of snow cover and snow cover influences on the thermal conditions of active layer in the permafrost area were analyzed. During the autumn (Sept. - Oct.), thin and discontinuous snow cover can noticeably accelerate the exothermic process of the ground, producing a cooling effect on the shallow soil. During the winter (Nov. - Mar.), it is inferred that the effective thermal insulation starts with snow depth exceeding 10 cm during early winter. However, the snow depth in this area is generally below 15 cm, and the resulting snow-induced thermal insulation during the winter is very limited. Due to common heavy snowfalls in the spring (Apr. to May), the monthly mean snow thickness in April reached to 15 cm and remained until mid-May. Snow cover during the spring significantly retarded the ground warming. Broadly, snow cover in the study area exerts a cooling effect on the active layer and plays a positive role in the development and preservation of permafrost.

Niobium in steels can be used as substitutional solid solute or as precipitates. In solution, Nb exerts a solute drag effect delaying but usually not interrupting static recrystallization during hot rolling and increasing hardenability during post rolling cooling. Fine precipitates generated during rolling/cooling can interrupt recrystallization in finishing and precipitate in the ferrite matrix increasing strength. As a relatively fine precipitate Nb can also inhibit austenite grain growth during reheating.This paper highlights the idea that micro-additions of Nb, up to 0.02%, to ordinary commodity C-Mn structural steels can improve their strength. Industry trial results are presented giving evidence that mechanical properties can be improved, and a leaner/optimized chemistry may be used by adding these micro-quantities of Nb to otherwise ordinary commodity C-Mn steels.Microstructural analysis of a C-Mn vs. a leaner/optimized C-Mn-micro Nb steel along with austenite evolution modeling using MicroSim-PM©helped identifying which type of metallurgical mechanisms are in-play resulting in higher strengths. This alternative composition has led to lower costs, lower CE, improved microstructure and a more stable process.

This paper introduces a novel triple-component silver phosphate-cobalt ferrite-graphene oxide (Ag 3 PO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 -GO) photocatalyst, illustrates its synthetic principle of adjusting the pH value, elaborates on its dual-channel reaction mechanism and reveals its advantages. Morphology and elementary analyses revealed that the magnetic CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the GO were uniformly adorned on the Ag 3 PO 4 particles’ surface, forming a spherical structure. Because of this particular structure, not only could the Ag 3 PO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 -GO composite be thoroughly removed with magnet field from treated water, but the photocatalytic activity and stability had been greatly improved to pure Ag 3 PO 4 . The effects of different samples were also evaluated, in terms of the efficiencies in inactivation and degradation. The reactive oxygen species (ROSs) yield measurements and photoluminescence spectra analysis indicated that O 2 adsorption could be promoted by the CoFe 2 O 4 and the GO. Upon visible light irradiation, a part of motivated electrons of the Ag 3 PO 4 were consumed by the CoFe 2 O 4 , and others were transferred to the GO. The effective electron-hole separation is due to the dual transfer channel existing in the Ag 3 PO 4 -CoFe 2 O 4 -GO composite. Hence, the dual transfer channel is the major reason for enhancing photocatalytic activity and stability.

In situ hydrogel has attracted widely attention in hemostasis due to its ability to match irregular defects, but its application is limited by insufficient mechanical strength and long gelation time. Although some specifical in situ chemically cross-linked hydrogels could be fast formed and exhibit high mechanical strength, they unable to absorb blood. Hence their applications were further limited in emergency hemostasis usage. In this study, a robust hydrogel formed by hydration of powders was developed using multiple hydrogen bonds crosslinking. Here, catechol groups modified e-polylysine (PL-CAT) and polyacrylamide (PAAM) were used to construct the PL-CAT/PAAM hydrogel. This hydrogel could be formed within 7 s to adhere and seal bleeding sites. The catechol groups endowed the hydrogel outstanding adhesive strength, which was 3.5 times of fibrin glue. Besides, the mechanical performance of in-situ PL-CAT/PAAM hydrogel was explored and the results showed that the hydrogel exhibited high compressive strength (0.47 MPa at 85% strain). Most importantly, the blood loss of wound treated with PL-CAT/PAAM hydrogel powders was 1/7 of untreated group, indicating the hydrogel's excellent hemostatic effect. And the cytotoxicity studies indicated that the PL-CAT/PAAM hydrogel had low toxicity. To summarize, this hydrogel could be a potential hemostatic material in emergency situations.

Spectral subtraction and low-pass filtering, which are commonly used to eliminate the ambient noise mixed in corona audible signals, will damage the spectrum of corona audible signals. In order to reduce the damage to the corona audible signal spectrum caused by the noise canceling process, firstly, this paper defines three evaluation indexes of noise elimination effect according to the difference between the audible signal of corona and the environmental noise at 20 ~ 20KHz. Then, use the low-pass filter to pre-process the signal to eliminate the harmonic components in the ambient noise. Finally, the delay signal is selected as a reference signal to adaptively eliminate the ambient noise Simulation and experimental results show that this method can effectively eliminate the ambient noise in the corona audible signal.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Assembly status of thylakoid membrane complex proteins in WT and atctpa mutant. (a, b) Thylakoid proteins (15 μg chl) of WT (a) and atctpa mutant (b) were separated by 2D BN/SDS-PAGE and further subjected to immunoblotting as indicated. Specific antibodies against D1, CP43, D2, CP47, LHCII, CytF, b6, PetC, PsaD and ATPα were used for immunodetection of the corresponding proteins, respectively. Tab. S1. The assembly analysis of the main thylakoid membrane proteins in WT and atctpa as checked in Figure S1. The assembly analysis of the main thylakoid membrane proteins as checked in Figure S1. by Image J. --, not detected. Tab. S2. Statistical analysis of growth curves as checked in Fig. 4b. Different letters indicated a significant difference among different values. Duncan’s multiple range test, p ≤ 0.05, n = 6. Tab. S3. Primers used in this study. The red letters represent the digestion sites of enzymes.

Based on the working principle of 12-phase multi-superposition inverter of Linear phase-shifting transformer, the theoretical basis of square wave's synthesis of multi-step waves and the principle of phase configuration in phase-shifting superposition are briefly introduced. The mathematical model of the inverter system is established in Simulink, and the solution process is completed by s-function in Matlab. The results of calculation and analysis show that the waveform quality of this new 12-phase multi-overlapping inverter is good, and it can basically meet the requirements of power conversion. Finally, the feasibility of the theory and simulation analysis is verified by experiments, which provides a strong support for the following prototype optimization.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jba-10.1177_0885328220935381 for The effect of zwitterionic surface content on blood circulation time of nanocapsule by Xing Han, Sidi Li, Xueping Li, Qi Zhan, Yueying Zhan, Jin Zhao, Xin Hou and Xubo Yuan in Journal of Biomaterials Applications

ZnS nanowalls, microspheres and rice-shaped nanoparticles have been successfully grown on graphene oxide (GO) sheets by the hydrothermal method. The morphologies, structures, chemical compositions and optical properties of the as-synthesized GO/ZnS have been characterized by X-ray power diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, Raman spectra, photoluminescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. It was found that the concentration of CTAB and the reaction temperature were important in the formation of GO/ZnS microstructures. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized GO/ZnS was investigated through the photocatalytic degradation of textile dyeing waste. Results showed that the catalytic activity of the GO/ZnS porous spheres to methyl orange and methylene blue is higher than those of other samples. The degradation rates of methyl orange and methylene blue by porous spheres in 50 min were 97.6 and 97.1%, respectively. This is mainly attributed to the large specific surface area of GO/ZnS porous spheres and high separation efficiency between photogenerated electron and hole pairs.

In this study, CuSe nanoplates have been synthesized using copper sulfate and Se powder as the raw materials by a simple and rapid hydrothermal process. The edta disodium (EDTA) was used as the surface active agent to moderate the morphologies of CuSe nanoparticles. As-synthesized CuSe samples were successfully characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectrometer, UV–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). XRD analysis demonstrated the hexagonal klockmannite phase of CuSe nanoplates. The as-synthesized products were homogeneous and highly crystallized. The structural and compositional analysis revealed that the products were the pure phase of CuSe with corresponding atomic ratios. With sufficient reaction materials, the reaction time has an influence on the growth of large-scale CuSe nanoplates. CuSe nanoplates obtained by the described method could be a potential material in photoelectric device.

A composite composed of reduced graphene oxide hydrogel/carbon dots (rGH/CDs) is prepared hydrothermally. The composite has a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected network structure and exhibits good electrical conductivity and mechanical robustness, making it ideal electrode materials in supercapacitors. The carbon dots (CDs) in the reduced graphene oxide hydrogel promotes electron transport and reduces the internal resistance and charge transfer resistance in addition to providing a large surface area. The flexible solid-state supercapacitor comprising the 130 μm thick rGH/CDs electrode delivers excellent performance including high gravimetric specific capacitance of 264 F g − 1 (up to 301 F g − 1 for a 40 μm thick electrode), areal specific capacitance of 394 mF cm − 2 (up to 432 F cm − 2 for a 200 μm thick electrode), excellent cycling stability (9.1% deterioration after 5000 cycles), larger energy density (35.3 Wh kg − 1 ), as well as high power density (516 W kg − 1 ). This study demonstrates the tremendous potential of rGH/CDs in high-performance flexible energy storage devices.

Transmission line engineering is characterized by long distance, scattered disturbance, great difference in natural conditions, various types and intensity of soil and water loss. The design of soil and water conservation measures is the key to the layout of soil and water conservation measures for transmission lines in hilly areas. This paper mainly discusses the land consolidation and slope protection technology. In order to provide reference for the typical design of soil and water conservation measures of power transmission and transformation project in hilly area.

In recent years, biomass-derived carbon electrode materials for energy storage have attracted intensive attention in terms of their natural unique structure, widespread availability and low cost. Herein, a unique hierarchical porous carbon composite material (CGCM@GNS&CNT) was facilely constructed on 3-D carbon skeleton by anchoring 2-D graphene nanosheet (GNS) and 1-D carbon nanotube (CNT) through self-assembling method. The CGs with abundant macroscopic pores were utilized as 3D carbon skeleton, CNT and GNS anchored on them were applied to enhance the specific surface area (SSA) and electrical conductivity. The composite material exhibits large SSA of 460 m2 g−1, interconnected conductive network and inherent N, O doping. The CGCM@GNS&CNT electrode achieves a high areal capacitance of 441 mF cm−2 and volumetric capacitance of 90 F cm−3 at 1 mA cm−2 in 1.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. More importantly, the CGCM@GNS&CNT-based symmetric supercapacitor affords a remarkable energy density of 31 μWh cm−2 at a power density of 800 μW cm−2 in 1.5 M Na2SO4. The capacitance retention and coulombic efficiency can retain 102.5% and 100.5% over 2000 cycles, respectively, confirming its superb charge/discharge stability and long-term reversibility. These signify that CGCM@GNS&CNT material holds a considerable promise for electrode application in high-performance supercapacitor.

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Ventana immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement screening in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Open published studies that reported the diagnostic performance of Ventana IHC assay for ALK gene rearrangement detection in NSCLC patients were extracted from PubMed, Embase, Google scholar, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The general information and number of true positive (tp), false positive (fp), false negative (fn), and true negative (tn) cases identified by Ventana IHC assay were extracted. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+lr), negative likelihood ratio (−lr), diagnostic odds ratio (dor) and the summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated using Stata 11.0 software. Results Ten studies, including 240 ALK positive and 1973 ALK negative NSCLC patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, +lr, −lr, and dor were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85–0.98), 1.00 (95% CI 0.99–1.00), 859.61 (95% CI 60.81–1200.00), 0.06 (95% CI 0.03–0.16), and 1400.00 (95% CI 813.29–23 000.00), respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.996 for Ventana IHC assay in detecting ALK gene rearrangement in NSCLC patients. Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of Ventana IHC assay for the detection of ALK gene rearrangement were high, thus Ventana IHC could substitute fluorescence in situ hybridization for the screening of ALK+ NSCLC patients.

Materials Institute Lavoisier-101-D (MIL-101(Cr)-D) composites were first successfully synthesized by traditional solvent hydrothermal synthesis method. The effect of MIL-101(Cr) which was modified by DEA on CO2 adsorption was studied and characterized by XRD, TGA, FT-IR, N2 adsorption technique, and SEM. In order to compare the CO2 adsorption of MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-101(Cr)-D composites, CO2 fixed-bed adsorption experiment had been performed. The results demonstrated that MIL-101(Cr)-D-0.24 had the best CO2 adsorption performance and was 33.3% higher than the unmodified one. The characterization results also confirmed that MIL-101(Cr)-D-0.24 had the largest specific surface area and specific pore volume. The SEM images showed that with the increase of DEA grafting, the unit cell could not continue to maintain the octahedral structure. The amount of CO2 adsorption of MIL-101(Cr)-D was also reduced which was caused by the collapse of the pore structure. The grafting of DEA did not affect the thermal stability of MIL-101(Cr).

Renewable energy such as solar power is critical to fight the ever more serious climate change. China is the world leading installer of solar panel and numerous solar power plants were built. In this paper, we proposed a deep learning framework named SolarNet which is designed to perform semantic segmentation on large scale satellite imagery data to detect solar farms. SolarNet has successfully mapped 439 solar farms in China, covering near 2000 square kilometers, equivalent to the size of whole Shenzhen city or two and a half of New York city. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that we used deep learning to reveal the locations and sizes of solar farms in China, which could provide insights for solar power companies, market analysts and the government.

Echinocandin resistance in Candida glabrata poses a serious clinical challenge. The underlying resistance mechanism of a pan-echinocandin-resistant C. glabrata isolate (strain L74) was investigated in this study. FKS mutants carrying specific mutations found in L74 were reconstructed by the Alt-R CRISPR-Cas9 system (Fks1 WT/Fks2-E655K, strain CRISPR 31) and site-directed mutagenesis (strain fks1Δ/Fks2-E655K). Sequence analysis of strain L74 revealed a premature stop codon W508stop in FKS1 and an E655K mutation preceding the hotspot 1 region in FKS2. Introduction of the Fks2-E655K mutation in ATCC 2001 (strain CRISPR 31) conferred a modest reduction in susceptibility. However, the same FKS2 mutation in the fks1Δ background (strain fks1Δ/Fks2-E655K) resulted in high levels of resistance to echinocandins. Glucan synthase isolated from L74 was dramatically less sensitive to micafungin (MCF) relative to ATCC 2001. Both FKS1/FKS2 transcript ratios and Fks1/Fks2 protein ratios were significantly lower in L74 and fks1Δ/Fks2-E655K compared to ATCC 2001 and CRISPR 31 (P fks1Δ/Fks2-E655K mutants failed to respond to MCF. In conclusion, the high-level of echinocandin resistance in the clinical isolate of C. glabrata L74 was concluded to result from the combination of null function of Fks1 and the point mutation E655K in Fks2.

Additional file 7: Table S6. The number of paired worms after RNA interference.

Table S1. Primers for qPCR confirmation. (DOCX 15 kb)

Additional file 3: Table S2. Number of paired and unpaired female worms on specific days after host infection. In order to establish Schistosoma japonicum infection model, each Kunming mouse was infected with around 70 cercariae. After 14, 15 16, 17 and 18Â days infection, mice were killed. The worms were perfused through the hepatic portal vein using standard perfusion techniques. Finally, the number of females that maleâ female pairing and maleâ female unpairing were counted separately.

Besides the inexpensive and simple synthesis, pursuing high-energy density whilst maintaining intrinsic high-power density is a huge challenge for supercapacitors (SCs) application. Herein, in-situ Nitrogen(N)-Oxygen(O)-Sulfur(S) co-doped three-dimensional (3D) porous activated carbon materials (A-LPCs) are successfully prepared from the locust pest via a facile one-step carbonization/activation method. The resultant A-LPCs through self-template method exhibit the perfect combination of micro-, meso-, and macropores, desirable pore distribution, large accessible specific surface area (SSA), high degree of graphitization, tunable N, O, S doping as well as excellent wettability, which are beneficial to charge/ion storage and transfer of electrolyte. These features endow the prepared A-LPCs with a high specific capacitance of 433.7 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. The as-prepared electrode material also displays as high as 79% capacitance retention as the current density increases from 1 to 10 A g−1. Moreover, an extremely stable performance is achieved in the prepared electrode system even after long-term service (about 93.17% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles). Most importantly, the fabricated A-LPCs//A-LPCs symmetric SCs delivers a high coulombic efficiency of 96.18% and the maximum energy density of 23.04 Wh kg−1. These exciting results indicate the A-LPCs derived from locust via self-template shows great potential for high performance SCs applications.

Neutron induced the (n, 2n) reaction cross sections of platinum isotopes (190Pt, 192Pt, 196Pt and 198Pt) were well measured by the neutron activation and off-line gamma-ray technique around neutron energy of 14 MeV. During the irradiating time, the flux fluctuation of generating neutron was monitored by accompanying α-particle, while the cross section-ratio of 90Zr (n, 2n)89Zr to 93Nb(n, 2n)92mNb reactions were used to determine the neutron energies, which varied with the emission angle. As a result, the cross sections of 190Pt (n, 2n)189Pt, 192Pt (n, 2n)191Pt, 196Pt (n, 2n)195mPt, 198Pt (n, 2n)197mPt and 198Pt (n, 2n)197gPt reactions have been deduced at En = 14.1 ± 0.2 MeV, 14.5 ± 0.2 MeV and 14.7 ± 0.1 MeV, respectively. Meanwhile, the comparisons between this work and the literature date were given, as well as evaluated nuclear data and simulation data (ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF 3.3, ROSFOND-2010, JENDL/AD-2017 and Talys 1.9). The results shows an agreement with literature work as a whole, except the 196Pt (n, 2n)195mPt reaction.

In this work, nitrogen (N), sulfur (S) co-doped porous carbon nanoplate (A-MBCP) is successfully prepared from methylene blue (MB) by facile one-step carbonization and activation strategy. It is an efficient method to protect the environment and meet industrialization production. The obtained carbon nanoplate exhibits in-situ doping of N, S, high specific surface area (560.46 m2 g−1), interconnected and hierarchical porous morphology, together with large interlayer spacing. This unique and complex micromorphology endows the A-MBCP electrode with superior electrochemical performance, including ultra-high specific capacitance of 302 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and excellent capacitance retention of 77.82% at 10 A g−1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled A-MBCP//A-MBCP symmetric supercapacitor displays outstanding energy density of 25 Wh kg−1 and power density of 8000 W kg−1 using Na2SO4 as electrolyte. Also, the high capacitance retention of 98.6% and coulombic efficiency of 97.9% are achieved for the supercapacitor after 3000 cycles at 2 A g−1 in KOH electrolyte, implying its favorable electrochemical stability and charge/discharge reversibility. This novel preparation of high-performance supercapacitors from MB may further inspire the development of other carbon materials with heteroatoms doping applied in the energy storage application.

The multifunctional RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 regulates multiple aspects of nuclear and cytoplasmic messenger RNA (mRNA) processing, including splicing, stabilization, and translation of mRNAs. Previous studies have shown that CUGBP1 is overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, but the pathological functions of CUGBP1 in tumorigenesis and development are unknown. Here, we provide the first evidence demonstrating the clinicopathological significance of CUGBP1 in NSCLC. Using immunohistochemistry, the levels of CUGBP1 expression in NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were examined and determined to be associated with differentiation. Short hairpin RNA-induced downregulation of CUGBP1 promoted apoptosis and decreased proliferation in the A549 NSCLC cell line. Moreover, Western blot analysis indicated that the depletion of CUGBP1 increased the protein levels of cyclin D1, BAD, BAX, Jun D, and E-cadherin, while the cyclin B1 level decreased. Knockdown of CUGBP1 decreased β-catenin and vimentin levels and increased E-cadherin expression, suggesting that CUGBP1 may contribute significantly to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression. These results demonstrate the importance of CUGBP1 in the biological and pathological functions of NSCLC and indicate its potential as a therapeutic target for NSCLC.

In the field of video fire detection, traditional fire color models have the poor adaptability and week robustness to interference. Therefore, a new fire detection method referring to the centroid variety of fire in consecutive frames is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the areas similar to fire are detected out through RGB-HIS color model. Then, the centroid movement of these areas are calculated with video tracking algorithm and a new fire detection model is proposed. A series of experiment results show that the proposed method can eliminate the influence of common interferences and prompt the fire warning correctly, which has a certain practical significance for indoor fire detection.

At present, China’s urban river is widespread with serious pollution, poor water quality, poor water mobility and other issues. In this article, we analyzed the root causes of urban river water environment problems systematically, then puts forward the ways to solve the problems, which including implement the “river length system”, strengthen the control of pollution sources, persist in ecological concepts, establish long-term mechanism and strengthen publicity and education.

From the current global energy consumption distribution, traditional fossil fuels still occupy a dominant position, and their share will remain high for some time to come. However, limited non-renewable traditional resources cannot always be used by humans. When they are finally consumed, the consumption of traditional fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, coal, etc. will generate a lot of greenhouse gases, and the massive emissions of CO2 will cause a series of unfavorable chain reactions. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 as a hydrocarbon fuel not only reduces the CO2 content in the atmosphere, but also solves the environmental problems brought about by the greenhouse effect, and can provide energy fuel with considerable economic effects. The research progress of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is reviewed. Some common TiO2-based photocatalytic materials are introduced, and the characteristics of various materials are compared. Finally, the research on TiO2-based photocatalytic materials is prospected

MIL-101 is a typical metal-organic framework. Mil-101, like the other metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a material with high porosity, large surface area, adjustable micro-pore size, and easy functional structure. Contrary to the most MOFs, Mil-101 has a high hydrothermal stability. All of the characteristics collectively make MIL-101 a good candidate for a catalyst support. In this paper, the synthesis methods of MIL-101 materials have been reviewed. It is pointed out that the hydrothermal synthesis method has many problems such as complicated process, many organic waste liquid and low yield. The room temperature fast synthesis method has the potential to provide industrialized production of MIL-101 with its unique advantages.

By analyzing the way of circulating water-water source heat pump heating and direct pumping heat supply, the water source heat pump recovers low-grade power plant circulating water waste heat, which has significant energy saving potential. The water source heat pump technology is used to recover the residual heat of circulating water in low-temperature power plants, realizing the conversion of energy from low grade to high grade, in line with the principle of energy cascade utilization. The critical parameters of water source heat pump heating are better than conventional heating by calculation and analysis. The actual example shows that when the pumping temperature reaches 188 °C, the water source heat pump is more energy efficient than the pumping heat.

Due to the increasingly limited conventional energy and increasing environmental problems, the photovoltaic industry is receiving more and more attention from all over the world. China’s solar photovoltaic industry has driven rapid development in electricity prices. Photovoltaic power generation is affected by light intensity and photovoltaic panel temperature. In this paper, the effects of light intensity and photovoltaic panel temperature on photovoltaic panel power generation are discussed.

Hydrogen fuel cell is a clean, efficient and pollution-free electrochemical power generation device, which has received widespread attention at home and abroad in recent years. The paper introduces the working principle and advantages of hydrogen fuel cells. The research and development progress of hydrogen fuel cells in electrolyte membrane, electrode, fuel and system structure are elaborated in detail. The hydrogen fuel cells at home and abroad are distributed in distributed power plants. Recent advances in applications for electric vehicles, military and mobile power. With the development of battery materials, improvement of preparation technology and reduction of production costs, this field will have broad market prospects.

By choosing chemical reagents containing La, Mg, Ni element respectively as raw materials, the precursor of three-element composite metal oxides was prepared at first. With the experimental parameters optimized, research on preparation of La-Mg-Ni system alloys with a new synthesis technology based on co-precipitation and reduction-diffusion, and microstructure of La 0.67 Mg 0.33 Ni 3.0 alloys, was carried out. And the feasibility of this new synthesis technology has been verified. The results show that the alloys prepared through co-precipitation and reduction-diffusion have a multi-phase structure, their structure and ingredients are even, and their lattice distortion is small. In addition, the reducing process is relatively thorough and the content of oxygen is rare, achieving the expected results. The new synthesis technology is feasible, but it is necessary to optimize the process.

A fixture is a special tool used to accurately and stably locate the workpiece during machining process. Proper fixture design improves the quality and production of parts and also facilitates the interchangeability of parts that is prevalent in much of modern manufacturing. This study combines the rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-based reasoning (CBR) method for machining fixture design in a VR based integrated system. In this paper, an approach combines the RBR and fuzzy comprehensive judgment method is proposed for reasoning suitable locating schemes and locating features. Based on the reasoning results, a CBR method for machining fixture design is then presented. This method could help designers, by referencing previous design cases, to make a conceptual fixturing solution quickly. Finally, the implementation of proposed system is outlined and cases study has been used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.