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The paper provides an overview of the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) congresses, the typical content of congress proceedings and how this is disseminated. The most recent ICOLD congress was held in Marseille in June 2022. Notes from sessions of all the four questions (themes) of the 2022 ICOLD congress are provided, either providing an overview of the presentations and discussions, or providing details of a particular presentation. Themes include concrete dams, incidents and accidents, surveillance and monitoring and climate change.

This paper presents a novel experimental technique where infrared thermography is employed to directly measure the surface heat transfer of a transpiration-cooled porous material in transient hypersonic flow. Experiments were conducted in the Oxford High Density Tunnel on a flat-faced hemispherical probe at a single Mach 7 freestream condition ([Formula: see text]) with nitrogen, air, argon, krypton, and helium injection gases and mass flow rates ranging from 0.01 to [Formula: see text]. Surface heat transfer measurements were extracted by imaging directly on the porous material using a FLIR A6751 high-speed long-wave infrared camera. Porous alumina was chosen due to its favorable thermal properties for infrared analysis and its very small pore sizes ([Formula: see text]) enabling a uniform outflow. It was found that the surface Stanton number reduction matched to within 10% of both computational fluid dynamics results and correlations.

Two-dimensional simulations of transpiration cooling in a laminar, hypersonic boundary layer were performed using the thermochemical implicit nonequilibrium algorithm (TINA): a Navier–Stokes solver. Coolant concentration and heat flux results are compared to data obtained from laminar transpiration cooling experiments conducted in the Oxford High Density Tunnel employing a flat-plate geometry at Mach 7. TINA successfully predicts the mixing rate at the wall as a function of the streamwise direction for all blowing ratios. The simulations are more successful in predicting the mixing downstream of the injector as compared to the mixing on the injector: especially at low blowing ratios. A collapse of the thermal effectiveness values calculated from TINA simulation data is achieved, which agrees with laminar correlations within an absolute value of ±10%. It is shown that, when the concentration effectiveness is close to one at the injector, the temperature gradient becomes negative at locations immediately downstream of the injector, resulting in a negative heat flux. The acceleration of the coolant in the streamwise direction downstream promotes dissipation of energy, which results in a reduction in the temperature of the coolant, and thereby induces a negative temperature gradient close to the injector.

Was ist zu dem Thema bekannt? In den letzten Jahren wurde vermehrt über Ursachen der steigenden Fehlzeiten und der Berufsflucht von Pflegefachpersonen geforscht. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die Aufrechterhaltung der psychischen Gesundheit ist die Pflicht aller Arbeitgebenden, um einen längerfristigen Erhalt der quantitativen und qualitativ professionell Pflegenden zu gewährleisten. Dies kann mit einem Umdenken der Führungskultur gelingen. Was sind die Auswirkungen auf die Praxis? Eine mitarbeiterorientierte „gute“ Führungskultur kann einen Beitrag dazu leisten, berufsbedingtem emotionalen Ausbrennen präventiv zu begegnen, Pflegefachpersonen weniger zu demotivieren und somit langfristig im Beruf zu halten.

We investigate throughout this paper the contributions of the damping effects and inhomogeneous exchange on the propagation of magnetic waves in ferrites. Indeed, we focus our attention on a nonlinear evolution system derived by Kuetche and coworkers (2015 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 374 1), that takes into account the contributions that we aim at studying. We first proceed by some analytical analysis of the contribution of damping effects on the solutions to the system of our interest and after, the contribution of the inhomogeneous exchange, to unearth analytical expression of a solution that well approximates the above mentioned global system. It appears as a result that contribution of damping reduces the amplitude of waves during its motion. We unearth two types of inhomogeneities that effects act on the waves in different manner by increasing or decreasing the width of the soliton in ferrites. For ferrites made of poly-crystals in which involves the two types of inhomogeneities appearing periodically, wave moving therein will breath as it moves and there must be a case in which the two types of inhomogeneities can be combined in such a way to reduce their effects on the dynamics of the wave. We confirm the validity of the analytical analysis carried out by proceeding to some numerical simulations.

In this article, we derive new traveling wave solution to a nonlinear evolution equation, describing propagation of short wave in inhomogeneous ferrites. Applying Jacobi elliptic function, we derive as series of new exact solutions to the system of our interest which are either periodic or localized solutions. We point out the influence of the inhomogeneous exchange effects on the dynamics of traveling waves obtained. It appears that the soliton responsible of localization is deformed by the presence of inhomogeneities in particular its structure. We discuss some physical implications of these results.

In this paper, we study in details the propagation of ultra short waves in magnetic insulators. We discuss the Kraenkel–Manna–Merle (KMM) system, derived from the Maxwell’s equations in which damping effects and nonlinearity set in from the first order Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. We investigate this system analytically, using the well developed inverse scattering transformed method and, as a result the impact of damping effects on the propagation of magnetic waves in ferrites is revealed. We launch our investigations with an integrable system that, under the ultra fast process assumption, approximates the one of our interest which shows that damping acts mostly on the energy of the wave that decrease as time evolves. Such a result is confirmed through some numerical simulations in which analytical and numerical results are matching very goodly. We then conclude on the influence of damping effects on the propagation of waves in magnetic insulators.

Kliniken in Deutschland sind bis heute noch nicht auf die Versorgung von Menschen mit Komplexer Behinderung im Krankenhaus eingestellt. In einem dreijährigen Forschungsprojekt - gefördert von der Stiftung Wohlfahrtspflege NRW - konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch den Einsatz Klinischer Pflegeexpertinnen die Situation von Menschen mit Behinderungen in den Kliniken verbessert werden konnte. Basierend auf Informationen bei aufsuchenden Besuchen im Zuhause zukünftiger Patienten wurden Behandlung und Versorgung in den Kliniken geplant. Die Expertinnen übernahmen die Begleitung der Patienten und überwachten die Prozesse. Sich sicher fühlen und Vertrauen sind Schlüsselkonzepte, damit eine patientenorientierte Behandlung von Menschen mit Komplexer Behinderung im Krankenhaus gelingen kann.

We study the impact of nonlocality and local quintic nonlinearity on the dynamic characteristic parameters of spatial optical bright soliton and on their interaction and collision in weakly nonlocal nonlinear media. For this purpose, we establish the propagation equation governing this dynamic which is a nonlinear cubic-quintic Schrodinger equation. We approach the solution of this equation by a secant hyperbolic ansatz. By the means of the variational method, we bring out the action mode of the nonlocality and quintic nonlinearity on the pulse parameters. Subsequently, a numerical analysis is made and allows us to conclude on their role on the dynamic of pulse in these media. It follows that quintic nonlinearity contributes to the pulse compression and the increase of phase-front curvature, while nonlocality participates in enlargement and the decrease of the phase-front curvature. Taking into account the two effects helps stabilize the soliton during its propagation by generating a new dynamic state depending on whether the quintic nonlinearity and the nonlocality add up, compensate each other, or that one of the two effects is more important than the other. Concerning their interaction, we showed that quintic nonlinearity provides a repulsive force when nonlocality provides an attractive force. In the case of collision, quintic nonlinearity can induce elastic or inelastic collision.

In this paper, we investigate the Rotating N Loop-Soliton solution of the coupled integrable dispersionless equation (CIDE) that describes a current-fed string within an external magnetic field in 2D-space. Through a set of independent variable transformation, we derive the bilinear form of the CIDE Equation. Based on the Hirota’s method, Perturbation technique and Symbolic computation, we present the analytic N-rotating loop soliton solution and proceed to some illustrations by presenting the cases of three- and four-soliton solutions.

We pay particular attention to a nonlinear evolution system derived by Kraenkel et al. (2000) from Maxwell’s equations and the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation, describing the propagation of ultra-short wave in ferromagnetic materials. Since the associated Lax-pairs of such a system has been provided standing for a proof of its integrability, we follow the inverse scattering transform method and particularly the Wadati–Konno–Ichikawa scheme to unveil the soliton solutions to this system and study their scattering properties.

This paper presents transpiration cooling experiments conducted in the Oxford High Density Tunnel. The flow structure and mixing phenomena between the injected coolant gas and the hypersonic free stream are investigated. A flat plate model is used which is equipped with a gas injection system, four surface mounted heat flux gauges and three surface pressure sensors located downstream of the injection point. Mass injection is realized through a porous ceramic material, and alternatively through a series of slots. Spatially and temporally resolved film effectiveness downstream of the injection point is measured with fast response pressure sensitive paint. The flowfield is visualised by a Z-type Schlieren imaging system. Results show a significant influence of injection on the boundary layer thickness through the additional coolant gas. High blowing ratios can lead to early transition which increases coolant-external flow mixing and leads to a lower film effectiveness. Transpiration cooling requires approximately two orders of magnitude lower blowing ratios to achieve a similar film coverage as in the case of the injection through slots. The film effectiveness increases with an increasing blowing ratio for locations close to the injection point. However, a lower blowing ratio results in a more stable film for locations further downstream.

The Non-Integer System Identification (NISI) method is an useful tool for the determination of surface heat flux from in-depth temperature data even in transpiration cooled environments. Recently it was demonstrated that in these transpiration cooled environments the surface heat flux can be determined using a measurement of the plenum pressure changes in the gas reservoir at the rear side of the porous structure for the Non-Integer System Identification (NISIp). This paper presents fundamental experiments required for the identification of susceptibilities with respect to the thermophysical and fluid properties. Test results with two different porous materials are compared: zirconium diboride and carbon/carbon. The experimental setup for both systems and the respective resulting impulse responses over varying coolant mass flows are presented and discussed in this paper. It was found that the pressure impulse responses of the ZrB2 system is more sensitive to coolant mass flow rate changes than the C/C system with respect to both response time and amplitude pressure. However, the absolute response time of the C/C system was significantly shorter for all tested flow rates.

In this paper, we investigate the soliton structure of a two-component vector short-pulse system as part of the new multi-component short-pulse system derived by Dimakis, Muller-Hoissen and Matsuno, separately, and describing the propagation of ultra short vector light-pulses in optical fibers. In the wake of the derivation of the Lax-pairs of the system above, we study deeply its inverse scattering transform within the viewpoint of the Wadati–Konno–Ichikawa approach. As a result, we unwrap some interesting scattering features of elastic interactions. Accordingly, we address some physical implications of the results.

2,3,9,10-Tetramethoxy-12-oxo-12-H-indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinium chloride 1 (compound X) and 13-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy-6a, 12a-diazadibenzo[a,g] fluorenylium chloride 2 (compound NF) are new papaverine oxidation products. A solution of compound 1 bleaches on addition of sodium hydroxide solution. A new entity, 2-(2-carboxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinolinium inner salt 3 (compound WP), is formed. The physico-chemical properties of compounds 1-3, such as solubility in water and lipophilicity, have been measured. The IC50 for compounds 1 and 3 was also assessed.

In May 2010 in Geneva, the General Assembly of WHO accepted, with all votes of the 193 member states, a resolution on a global alcohol strategy.[1][1] In it, evidence-based measures are listed that reduce the general consumption of alcohol in a given society. No need to wait any longer.[2][2] 1

We focus our attention on the coupled short-pulse equation recently derived by Feng [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 45, 085202 (2012)] from a two-dimensional Backlund transformation of the Toda lattice equation. Investigating the prolongation structure of such a system, we unveil the hidden structural symmetry that governs the dynamics of the wave solutions to the system alongside with the corresponding Lax-pairs. As a matter of illustration, following the Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa scheme, we construct some solitary wave solutions to the system and study their interactions.

Ein gut funktionierender High-Yield-Markt ist eine wichtige Grundvoraussetzung fur die Umstrukturierung von Volkswirtschaften. Uber diesen Markt werden Gelder fur Unternehmen beschafft, die aufgrund der voranschreitenden Deregulierung, Privatisierung und Begrenzung auf Kernkompetenzen neu entstehen. Des weiteren werden Mittel fur Firmen bereitgestellt, die im Rahmen der technischen Wandlung schnell wachsen. Auserdem erganzt der High-Yield-Markt die stark rucklaufige Kreditvergabebereitschaft der Banken, wie sie sich aufgrund der vielen Fusionen und der veranderten Geschaftspolitik immer klarer abzeichnet. Die zunehmende private Rentenvorsorge resultiert in ein verstarktes Sparaufkommen und verlangt nach neuen Anlagemoglichkeiten, die eine attraktive Rendite abwerfen. Banken suchen nach lukrativen, gebuhrenbringenden Einnahmequellen. Insgesamt handelt es sich bei diesem neuen Geschaftsfeld um eines der wenigen Bankprodukte, das letztendlich allen Marktteilnehmern einen Vorteil bietet. Damit sind alle Voraussetzungen geschaffen, um auch in Europa einen florierenden High-Yield-Markt aufzubauen.

Ibuprofen (IBP) was used to demonstrate that freshly isolated rat hepatocytes offer a suitable model to investigate the oxidative metabolism of antiinflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids (profens). The formation of two major oxidative metabolites of IBP (metabolite A--hydroxyibuprofen and metabolite B--carboxyibuprofen) was observed with the use of rat hepatocytes. The incubation of ibuprofen with a suspension of rat hepatocytes in Hanks' buffer during 60 min. resulted in a decrease of racemic IBP and both R(-)-IBP and S(+)-IBP concentration coincided with the appearance of its major racemic metabolites (metabolite A and metabolite B). The relative abundance of the above IBP metabolites produced by hepatocytes was consistent with their quantitative profiles in vivo in rat. The results confirm the value of isolated hepatocytes as a predictive model for the in vivo metabolism pattern of profens.

We carry out the hidden structural symmetries embedded within a system comprising ultra-short pulses which propagate in optical nonlinear media. Based upon the Wahlquist-Estabrook approach, we construct the Lie-algebra valued connections associated to the previous symmetries while deriving their corresponding Lax-pairs, which are particularly useful in soliton theory. In the wake of previous results, we extend the above prolongation scheme to higher-dimensional systems from which a new (2+1)-dimensional ultra-short pulse equation is unveiled along with its inverse scattering formulation, the application of which are straightforward in nonlinear optics where an additional propagating dimension deserves some attention.

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