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Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Palangkaraya dengan periode tahun 2011-2021. Adapun penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Inflasi terhadap Kesempatan kerja melalui Pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai variabel intervening. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur (Path Analisys) untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung dan pengaruh tidak langsung antar variabel. Hasil dari analisis diperoleh, bahwa berdasarkan pengaruh langsung variabel X= Inflasi terhadap Y= Kesempatan kerja mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan, Variabel Inflasi =X dan Kesempatan kerja = Y berdasarkan pengaruh langsung tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi=Z. Sedangkan berdasarkan pengaruh tidak langsung Inflasi=X terhadap Kesempatan kerja=Y melalui Pertumbuhan ekonomi=Z mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan, yang berarti bahwa berdasarkan pengaruh tidak langsung kenaikan inflasi yang terus-menerus menyebabkan penurunan kesempatan kerja dan berdampak pada peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kota Palangkaraya. Untuk menjaga tingkat inflasi yang rendah, penggunaan tenaga kerja yang efektif dan peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi perlu adanya kerjasama antar pemerintah daerah dan pihak yang terkait untuk menjaga kestabilan ekonomi di Kota Palangkaraya.

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive surgery for repairing thoracic aneurysms and dissections. This study aims to compare postoperative outcomes of TEVAR performed under general versus locoregional anesthesia.Utilizing the 2008-2019 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database, patients older than the age of 18 years who received TEVAR, were identified using the following current procedural terminology codes: 33880, 33881, 33883, 33884, or 33886. Patients who underwent concomitant procedures, those with both thoraco-abdominal and abdominal aortic pathologies, and trauma cases were excluded. Standard descriptive statistics, in addition to χOf the 1,028 patients included in the study, 86.5% received general anesthesia, and 13.5% received locoregional anesthesia, such as local anesthesia with monitored anesthesia care or regional anesthesia. No significant differences were found between patients receiving locoregional vs general anesthesia in mortality (3.6% vs 7.9%, respectively, p=0.071) and morbidity (18.7% and 24.8%, respectively, p=0.121) within 30 days post-TEVAR, including any wound, pulmonary, thromboembolic, renal, septic, and cardiac arrest complications. Patients who received general anesthesia had significantly higher median LOS compared to those who received locoregional anesthesia [5 days (IQR: 3-10) vs 4 days (IQR: 2-7), p=0.002], with 34.3% of the general anesthesia group having a LOS greater than 7 days compared to 21.6% of locoregional anesthesia group, p=0.003. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, general anesthesia was found to be an independent predictor of prolonged LOS greater than 7 days (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05-2.81, p=0.031).Locoregional anesthesia results in significantly lower postoperative hospital LOS with similar postoperative mortality and morbidity compared to general anesthesia in patients undergoing TEVAR.

This study aims to determine how big the influence of land area, selling price, production results and production costs on rice farmers' income both simultaneously and partially. The population in this study were all rice farmers in Pulau Hanaut District, Kab. Kotawaringin Timur, which amounted to 184 farmers and which was only used as a sample, amounted to 126 respondents using a non-probability sampling technique. Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data. The process of data analysis using classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. The results of the instrument test show that the variables of land area, selling price, production yield, and production costs simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on the income level of rice farmers in Pulau Hanaut District, Kab. East Kotawaringin

ZusammenfassungDie aggressive Fibromatose, histologisch aufgrund der ausbleibenden Metastasierung als benigne klassifiziert, ist charakterisiert durch ein lokal invasives und destruierendes Wachstum mit hohen Rezidivraten nach der Resektion. Aus diesem Grund sind prognostische Rezidivfaktoren, insbesondere das Ausmaß der Resektion viel diskutiert und Therapieentscheidungen herausfordernd für interdisziplinäre Tumorkonferenzen. Zwischen den Jahren 2000–2020 wurden 110 Patienten mit einer aggressiven Fibromatose der Extremitäten oder des Körperstamms am BG Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil Bochum chirurgisch behandelt. Zur Aufdeckung potenzieller Prognosefaktoren für die lokale Kontrolle wurden univariate Analysen durchgeführt. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit war 5,9 Jahre. Insgesamt entwickelten 57 (51,8%) der nachuntersuchten Patienten in diesem Zeitraum ein Rezidiv. Das rezidivfreie 5-Jahresüberleben lag in der gesamten Kohorte bei 52,9% (95%-KI: 42,4–62,3). Bei R0-resezierten Patienten war das rezidivfreie Überleben (RFÜ) nach 5 Jahren mit 69,2% im Vergleich zu Patienten mit R1- oder R2 resezierten Tumoren (32,6%) signifikant besser (P

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of effectiveness of the street lighting tax and the contribution of street lighting tax to the lokal revenue of the city of Palangkaraya. The data used is secondary data with a period from 2011 to 2020. The analytical technique used in this research is using the effectiveness formula and the contribution formula. The results showed that the level of effectiveness of the street lighting tax in the city of Palangkaraya a period from 2011 to 2022 tends to increase from year to year until it reaches a high level of effectiveness , so it can be said that governance in tax collection in the city of Palangkaraya las been going well. The contribution of street lighting tax in the city of Palangkaraya a period from 2011 to 2022 that is with moderate criteria. Which means that the street lighting tax contibution to the lacal revenue of the city of Palangkaraya contribute to economic growth a part from source of local revenue source another Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kriteria efektivitas pajak penerangan jalan dan kontribusi pajak penerangan jalan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) di Kota Palangka Raya. Adapun data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diambil dengan metode time series dari tahun 2011 hingga tahun 2020. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan rumus efektifitas dan rumus kontribusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektivitas pajak penerangan jalan (PPJ) di Kota Palangka Raya selama tahun 2011-2020 cenderung mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun sampai mencapai tingkat efektivitas yang tinggi, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa tata kelola dalam hal pemungutan pajak di Kota Palangkaraya sudah berjalan dengan baik. Kontribusi pajak penerangan jalan (PPJ) di Kota Palangkaraya selama tahun 2011-2020 yaitu dengan kriteria sedang. Ini berarti bahwa sumbangan pajak penerangan jalan terhadap PAD di Kota Palangkaraya ikut meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi selain dari sumber-sumber penerimaan PAD yang lain.

A controlled experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of salinity and alkalinity stresses on the growth and physiological characteristics of Carum copticum L. The treatments included four salinity levels: 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl, and four alkalinity levels 0, 20, 40 and 60 mM NaHCO

Although postbariatric body contouring procedures have the ultimate goal of restoring quality of life, there currently exist minimal data assessing the effect of these procedures.To identify the most important body contouring procedure for quality of life (QoL).University Hospital, Online Questionnaire, Germany.A cross-sectional study was designed using a validated version of the internet-based Body Q questionnaire, which was distributed among patients using social media and patient events.A total of 460 patients (443 female, 17 male) participated and fulfilled inclusion criteria. Of those patients, 191 (41.5%) had already undergone surgery, and the rest served as the control group. Patients in a postoperative status had a significantly (P.05) higher QoL regarding all body regions. Additionally, patients who underwent body contouring surgery showed significantly higher QoL in regard to sexuality, society, body image, and psychosocial metrics. Abdominoplasty represents the most important procedure for QoL. The control group showed the greatest dissatisfaction in the area of the inner thighs.Body contouring procedures have been shown to significantly restore and enhance a patient's QoL. Conducting contouring surgeries is specifically associated with an increase in body image satisfaction as well as patient acceptance of certain body regions.

Dua Hammash,1,2 Mona Mahfood,3 Ghalia Khoder,4 Munazza Ahmed,1,2 Abdelaziz Tlili,3 Rifat Hamoudi,2,5,6 Rania Harati1,2 1Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 2Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 4Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technologies, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 5Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 6Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UKCorrespondence: Rania Harati, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Tel +971 6 505 7438, Fax +971 6 558 5812, Email rharati@sharjah.ac.aeBackground: Most breast cancer-related deaths result from metastasis. Understanding the molecular basis of metastasis is needed for the development of effective targeted and preventive strategies. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) plays an important role in brain metastasis (BM) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by promoting extravasation of cancer cells across the brain endothelium (BE). MMP1 expression is controlled by endogenous microRNAs. Preliminary bioinformatics analysis has revealed that miR-623, known to target the 3ʹUTR of MMP1, is significantly downregulated in brain metastatic tumors compared to primary BC tumors. However, the involvement of miR-623 in MMP1 upregulation in breast cancer brain metastatic cells (BCBMC) remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the role of miR-623 in MMP1 regulation and its impact on the extravasation of TNBC cells through the BE in vitro.Materials and Methods: A loss-and-gain of function method was employed to address the effect of miR-623 modulation on MMP1 expression. MMP1 regulation by miR-623 was investigated by real-time PCR, western blot, luciferase and transwell migration assays using an in vitro human BE model.Results: Our results confirmed that brain metastatic TNBC cells express lower levels of miR-623 compared with cells having low propensity to spread toward the brain. miR-623 binds to the 3′-untranslated region of MMP1 transcript and downregulates its expression. Restoring miR-623 expression significantly decreased MMP1 expression, preserved the endothelial barrier integrity, and attenuated transmigration of BCBMC through the BE.Conclusion: Our study elucidates, for the first time, the crucial role of miR-623 as MMP1 direct regulator in BCBMC and sheds light on miR-623 as a novel therapeutic target that can be exploited to predict and prevent brain metastasis in TNBC. Importantly, the presents study helps in unraveling a brain metastasis-specific microRNA signature in TNBC that can be used as a guide to personalized metastasis prediction and preventive approach with better therapeutic outcome.Keywords: brain metastasis, triple-negative breast cancer, brain endothelium, brain endothelial junctions, matrix metalloproteinase-1, microRNA-623, personalized preventive therapy, targeted prevention, metastasis prediction, precision medicine, primary and secondary care

Background There is an expanding unregulated market for a psychotropic compound called ∆8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC) that is being derived from hemp, but a summary of adverse events related to delta-8-THC has not been publicly reported. Methods This case series assessed adverse events reported by delta-8-THC users on the Reddit forum r/Delta8 and compared these to delta-8-THC AEs in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Delta-8-THC and cannabis AEs reported in FAERS were also compared. The r/Delta8 forum was selected because it includes a large sample of 98,700 registered individuals who publicly discuss their experiences using delta-8-THC. All r/Delta8 posts were obtained from August 20, 2020, through September 25, 2022. A random sample of r/Delta8 posts was drawn (n = 10,000) and filtered for posts in which delta-8-THC users reported an adverse event (n = 335). FAERS reports that listed delta-8-THC (N = 326) or cannabis (N = 7076) as a suspect product active ingredient were obtained. Adverse events claimed to result from delta-8-THC use were coded using Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities to system organ class and preferred term categories. Results The absolute number of delta-8-THC adverse event reports (N = 2184, 95% CI = 1949–2426) and serious adverse event reports (N = 437; 95% CI = 339–541) on r/Delta 8 were higher than the adverse event reports (N = 326) and serious adverse event reports (N = 289) to FAERS. Psychiatric disorders were the most frequently cited system organ class in r/Delta8 adverse event reports, mentioned in 41.2% (95% CI = 35.8%-46.3%) of reports, followed by respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders (29.3%, 95% CI = 25.1%-34.0%) and nervous system disorders (23.3%, 95% CI = 18.5%-27.5%). Anxiety (16.4%, 95% CI = 12.8–20.6), Cough (15.5%, 95% CI = 11.9–20.0) and Paranoia (9.3%, 95% CI = 6.3–12.5) were the most frequently cited preferred terms in adverse event reports. The overall prevalence of AEs reported for cannabis and delta-8-THC on FAERS were also similar when analyzed by system organ class (Pearson’s r = 0.88). Conclusions The findings of this case series suggest that most of the adverse events reported by delta-8-THC users are like those reported during acute cannabis intoxication. This finding suggests that health care professionals follow similar treatment and management protocols, and that jurisdictions should clarify whether delta-8-THC can be sold as a hemp product.

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of persistent liver infections. Its DNA-based genome is synthesized through reverse transcription of an RNA template inside the assembled capsid shell. In addition to the structured assembly domain, the capsid protein harbors a C-terminal extension that mediates both the enclosure of RNA during capsid assembly and the nuclear entry of the capsid during infection. The arginine-rich motifs within this extension, though common to many viruses, have largely escaped atomic-scale investigation. Here, we leverage solution and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at ambient and cryogenic temperatures, under dynamic nuclear polarization signal enhancement, to investigate the organization of the genome within the capsid. Transient interactions with phosphate groups of the RNA backbone confine the arginine-rich motifs to the interior capsid space. While no secondary structure is induced in the C-terminal extension, interactions with RNA counteract the formation of a disulfide bond, which covalently tethers this peptide arm onto the inner capsid surface. Electrostatic and covalent contributions thus compete in the spatial regulation of capsid architecture. This disulfide switch represents a coupling mechanism between the structured assembly domain of the capsid and the enclosed nucleic acids. In particular, it enables the redox-dependent regulation of the exposure of the C-terminal extension on the capsid surface, which is required for nuclear uptake of the capsid. Phylogenetic analysis of capsid proteins from hepadnaviruses points toward a function of this switch in the persistence of HBV infections.

Multi-drug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1) is one of the most clinically relevant ABC transporters, highly enriched at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with a broad substrate spectrum including therapeutic drugs and metabolic waste products. Altered P-gp transport function has been implicated in multi-drug resistance and in the pathogenesis and progression of neurological diseases. Recent studies have shown that P-gp expression is modulated by micro-RNAs in peripheral organs. Particularly, miR-27a-3p has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of P-gp in multi-drug resistant cancer cells. In brain disorders, altered levels of miR-27a-3p were reported in several diseases associated with alterations in P-gp expression at the BBB. However, effect of altered miR-27a-3p expression on P-gp expression at the BBB remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-27a-3p in the regulation of P-gp expression and activity at the brain endothelium. Levels of miR-27a-3p were modulated by mimic and inhibitor transfection in an in-vitro model of human brain endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells. Effect of miR-27a-3p modulation on P-gp expression and activity was examined and the underlying regulatory mechanisms explored. Our results showed that transfection of hCMEC/D3 cells with miR-27a-3p mimic induces expression and activity of P-gp while miR-27a-3p inhibition exerted opposite effects. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-27a-3p regulates P-gp by mediating Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3s) inhibition and activating Wnt/s-catenin signaling. These findings shed light on miR-27a-3p/GSK3s/s-catenin as a novel axis that could be exploited to modulate P-gp efflux activity at the brain endothelium and help improving CNS diseases treatment or brain protection.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan gula pasir dan bagaimana elastisitas permintaan gula pasir di Kota Palangkaraya. Adapun penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Palangkaraya pada tahun 2022 dengan menggunakan time series 2008-2020. Dengan menggunakan alat analisis regresi disimpulkan bahwa pendapatan perkapita (X2) mempunyai hubungan yang sangat signifikan dengan Permintaan gula pasir (Y) di Kota Palangkaraya Harga gula pasir (X1) signifikan. Sedangkan Jumlah penduduk (X3) tidak signifikan dengan Permintaan gula pasir (Y) di Kota Palangkaraya. Koefisien elastisitas harga gula pasir mempunyai nilai sebesar 1,956 karena nilainya > 1 maka permintaan ini bersifat elastis. Koefisien elastisitas pendapatan masyarakat mempunyai nilai elastisitas positif sebesar 5,347 maka dikatakan bahwa gula pasir merupakan barang normal dan variable jumlah penduduk mempunyai nilai elastisitas positif sebesar 0,611 yang berarti bahwa jumlah penduduk berbanding lurus dengan permintaan gula pasir. Dari penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan, bahwa permintaan gula pasir di Kota Palangkaraya selama kurun waktu 2008-2020 dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan masyarakat dan berkaitan dengan hukum permintaan.

One major question in the study of metaphors historically is: Are different mechanisms involved in the comprehension of figurative statements versus literal statements? Many studies have addressed this question from a variety of perspectives, with mixed results. Following Harati, Westbury, and Kiaee (Behavior Research Methods, 53, 2214-2225, 2021), we use a computational (word embedding) model of semantics to approach the question in a way that allows for the quantification of the semantic relationship between the two keywords in literal and metaphorical “x is a y” statements. We first demonstrate that almost all literal statements (95.2% of 582 statements we considered) have very high relatedness values. We then show that literality decisions are slower for literal statements with low relatedness and metaphorical statements with high relatedness. We find a similar but smaller effect attributable to the cosine of the vectors representing the two keywords. The fact that the same measurable characteristics allow us to predict which metaphors or literal sentences will have the slowest literality decision times suggests that the same processes underlie the comprehension of both literal and metaphorical statements.

Wound healing after resection of large soft-tissue tumors is often impaired by large dead space and fluid collection. Recently, the authors were able to show an association of wound complications with worse oncologic outcome in soft-tissue sarcomas. The aim of the study was to examine the value of closed-incision negative pressure wound therapy on postoperative wound drainage and wound complications after soft-tissue tumor resection.Patients for whom resection is planned of a soft-tissue tumor larger than 10 cm in diameter of the extremities or the trunk were allocated randomly to one of two groups. After wound closure, patients in the study group received closed-incision negative-pressure wound therapy for a duration of 5 days, whereas those in the control group received regular dressings. The amount of drainage fluid, course of wound healing, length of hospital stay, and wound edge perfusion at postoperative day 5 measured by white-light infrared spectroscopy were compared.Sixty patients could be included in the study with even distribution to both study arms, meeting the goal. The postoperative course of wound drainage volume was significantly lower in the study group, and hospital stay was significantly shorter, with 9.1 ± 3.8 days versus 13.9 ± 11.8 days. The occurrence of wound complications was significantly lower in the study group on time-to-event analysis (one versus six). Tissue spectroscopy revealed a significantly higher oxygen saturation increase in the wound edge for the study group versus the control group.Closed-incision negative-pressure wound therapy should be considered for patients undergoing resection of large soft-tissue tumors.Therapeutic, II.

Background : The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap has been established in Asia as providing an excellent option for soft tissue defect coverage. The main advantage of this delicate flap is its very thin design. However, the adoption of this technique in other parts of the world has been rarely reported. Methods : In this retrospective study, we analyzed outcomes of 32 SCIP flaps in a Caucasian patient population. The procedures were performed at our institution between March 2019 and August 2020. We present patient characteristics, surgical technique, perioperative care and flap applications compared to the Asian approaches. Results : Patients’ average BMI was 28.7. Flap anatomy and flap thickness at the superficial fascial plane differed significantly within our population. With 1.7mm on average, the arterial diameter was higher than reported in the literature. Flaps were based on an axial perforator in 52% of cases. The SCIP flap was performed safely in the majority of cases. The surgical flap elevation approach was modified towards speedy perforator identification. Conclusions : The SCIP flap offers superior opportunities for thin soft tissue defect coverage with excellent functional outcomes in Caucasian patients. Based on higher BMI and anatomical differences compared to Asian patient populations, modifications of flap elevation were necessary to increase reliability. More outcome reports from outside Asia need to become available in order to advance SCIP flap application internationally.

The trend is shifting from internal combustion engines (ICEs) to battery electric vehicles (BEVs). One of the important battery joints is battery tabs to the busbar connection. Aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) are among the common materials for busbar and battery tab manufacturing. A wide range of research shows that the laser welding of busbar to battery tabs is a very promising technique. It can enhance the battery module's safety and reliability owing to its unique properties. The desired strength, ductility, fatigue life as well as electrical resistivity are crucial to attain in laser welding of dissimilar materials aluminum and copper in busbar to battery tab in BEVs. Therefore, an adequate understating of the principal factors influencing the Al–Cu busbar to battery tabs joint properties are of prime importance. The current review paper provides information on laser welding and laser brazing of dissimilar Al–Cu with thin thicknesses. Also, the common defects, the effect of materials properties on laser joining, and laser-materials interaction during the laser welding process are discussed. Laser process parameters adjustment (e.g., laser power or speed), laser operational mode, and proper choice of materials (e.g., base metals, alloying elements, filler metals, etc.) may enhance the joint properties in terms of mechanical and electrical properties.

Creatine transporter deficiency (CTD), a leading cause of intellectual disability is a result of the mutation in the gene encoding the creatine transporter SLC6A8, which prevents creatine uptake into the brain, causing mental retardation, expressive speech and language delay, autistic-like behavior and epilepsy. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo data indicate that dodecyl creatine ester (DCE) which increases the creatine brain content, might be a therapeutic option for CTD patients. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology and DCE treatment efficacy in CTD, this study focuses on the identification of biomarkers related to cognitive improvement in a Slc6a8 knockout mouse model (Slc6a8−/y) engineered to mimic the clinical features of CTD patients which have low brain creatine content. Shotgun proteomics analysis of 4,035 proteins in four different brain regions; the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus (associated with cognitive functions) and brain stem, and muscle as a control, was performed in 24 mice. Comparison of the protein abundance in the four brain regions between DCE-treated intranasally Slc6a8−/y mice and wild type and DCE-treated Slc6a8−/y and vehicle group identified 14 biomarkers, shedding light on the mechanism of action of DCE. Integrative bioinformatics and statistical modeling identified key proteins in CTD, including KIF1A and PLCB1. The abundance of these proteins in the four brain regions was significantly correlated with both the object recognition and the Y-maze tests. Our findings suggest a major role for PLCB1, KIF1A, and associated molecules in the pathogenesis of CTD.

JustificationWe have previously documented that in individuals with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refractory to surgery, intranasal application of live Lactococcus lactis W136, a probiotic bacterium, improves sinus-specific symptoms, SNOT-22, and mucosal aspect on endoscopy, accompanied by a reduction in sinus pathogens and an increase in protective bacteria. The present work explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning these observations using transcriptomics of the sinus mucosa.MethodEpithelial brushings collected prospectively as a sub-study of the L. lactis W136 clinical trial were used to probe epithelial responses to microbiome supplementation using a hypothesis-free bioinformatic analysis of gene expression analysis. Samples from twenty-four patients with CRS refractory to medical and surgical management were prospectively collected during a clinical trial assessing the effect of 14 days of BID nasal irrigation with 1.2 billion CFU of live L. lactis W136 probiotic bacteria (CRSwNP = 17, CRSsNP = 7). Endoscopically guided sinus brushings were collected as part of the initial study, with brushings performed immediately before and after treatment. Following RNA extraction, samples were assessed using the Illumina HumanHT-12 V4 BeadChip. Differential gene expression was calculated, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify potentially implicated processes.ResultsDifferentially identified transcripts and pathways were assessed for the overall population and the clinical phenotypes of CRSwNP and CRSsNP. Patterns of response to treatment were similar across all groups, implicating pathways for the regulation of immunity and epithelial cell regulation. These resemble the patterns of improvement observed following successful treatment with endoscopic sinus surgery or azithromycin.ConclusionGene expression profiling following the application of live bacteria to the diseased sinus epithelium highlights the implication of multiple components of the inflammation-microbiome-epithelial barrier axis implicated in CRS. These effects appear to involve both epithelial restoration and modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, supporting the potential interest of targeting the sinus epithelium and the microbiome as potential CRS therapies.

ImportancemRNA COVID-19 vaccines require two primary doses. The optimal timing of second dose administration with respect to vaccine effectiveness of the primary series has not been thoroughly evaluated and has implications for vaccination strategies.ObjectiveTo assess whether the effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) against SARS-CoV-2 infection differs by varying intervals between the first and second doses of the primary series among the general population.DesignWe employed a trial emulation approach (clone-censor weight analysis) to estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection after the first dose administration under the scenario where the total study population had followed each of the following interdose intervals: recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (17-25 days for Pfizer-BioNTech; 24-32 days for Moderna), late-but-allowable (26-42 days for Pfizer-BioNTech; 33-49 days for Moderna), and late (≥43 days for Pfizer-BioNTech; ≥50 days for Moderna).SettingGeorgia, USA.ParticipantsIndividuals who received ≥1 dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in Georgia between December 13, 2020 and March 16, 2022.ExposureDosing protocols based on the timing of the second dose administration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSARS-CoV-2 infection was defined as a positive result by a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR or antigen test. The follow-up period began the day after the first dose administration and ended at the earliest of SARS-CoV-2 infection, protocol nonadherence, or end of study.ResultsIn the short-term, the cumulative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was lowest under the FDA-recommended protocol (risk ratio (RR) on Day 50 after the first dose administration compared to the FDA-recommended protocol: 1.08 [95% confidence interval 1.07-1.10] under the late-but-allowable and 1.14 [1.12-1.16] under the late protocol). Longer-term, the late-but-allowable protocol resulted in the lowest risk (RR on Day 120: 0.83 [0.82-0.84] for the late-but-allowable and 1.10 [1.08-1.12] for the late protocol). The late protocol consistently yielded the highest risk among all protocols.Conclusions and RelevanceDelaying the timing of the second dose administration by a week may provide stronger protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, but a longer delay would increase the risk of infection.KEY POINTSQuestionDoes the effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines differ by intervals between the first and second doses of the primary series?FindingsThis study of >6 million mRNA COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Georgia, US used a trial emulation approach to compare the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection under three protocols based on the timing of the second dose (“recommended,” “late-but-allowable,” and “late”). The late-but-allowable protocol led to the lowest cumulative risk in a long term.MeaningDelaying the receipt of the second dose by a week may decrease the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but a longer delay would increase the risk.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pss-10.1177_09567976231172500 for Cultures in Water-Scarce Environments Are More Long-Term Oriented by Hamidreza Harati and Thomas Talhelm in Psychological Science

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pss-10.1177_09567976231172500 for Cultures in Water-Scarce Environments Are More Long-Term Oriented by Hamidreza Harati and Thomas Talhelm in Psychological Science

Pada era teknologi 4.0, perkembangan pertanian organik juga dituntut untuk dapat mengadopsi konsep konsep baru, salah satunya adalaha pertanian presisi. Pertanian presisi (Precision farming) adalah suatu teknik budidaya yang akurat, tertakar dan terukur ditingkat on farm. Pertanian presisi adalahpertania yang efektif, efsisien terkontrol dan terencana. Salah satu komonen pertanian presisi pada teknik budidaya padi organik adalah pupuk organik cair (POC). Dengan demikian pendampingan pengembangan Desa Organik Mandiri Pupuk oleh Perguruan Tinggi sangat diperlukan. Permasalahanyang dihadapi oleh petani padi organik adalah dalam mencukupi ketersedin sarana produksi, salah satunya adalah ketersedian pupuk organik cair (POC). Tujua pengabdian adalah mengembangkan pupuk organik cair (POC) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan anggota kelompok tani padi organik. Solusi untukmemenuhi kebutuhan POC adalah kelompok tani harus membuat sendiri POC yang memenuhi standart. Target luaran yang akan dicapai adalah memproduksi pupuk organik cair untuk seluruh anggota kelompok, sehingga kelompok tani menjadi mandiri dalam menuhi kebutuhan pupuk.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), acknowledged as the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. The characteristic pathologic hallmarks of AD—including the deposition of extracellular senile plaques (SP) formation, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and synaptic loss, along with prominent vascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment—have been observed in patients. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), originally characterized as angiogenic factors, are a large family of signaling molecules that are implicated in a wide range of biological functions in brain development, maintenance and repair, as well as in the pathogenesis of brain-related disorders including AD. Many studies have focused on the implication of FGFs in AD pathophysiology. In this review, we will provide a summary of recent findings regarding the role of FGFs and their receptors in the pathogenesis of AD, and discuss the possible opportunities for targeting these molecules as novel treatment strategies in AD.

Background: Despite the favorable progress in the production of medicines, there is no significant access to these important health inputs among different socio-economic groups. Objectives: This study aimed to measure and explain socio-economic inequality in prescribed and non-prescribed medicine use in Iran. Methods: Data were obtained from a recent household survey on health services in Iran conducted in 2016. The Erreygers concentration index (ECI) was used to measure socio-economic inequality in the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medicines. In addition, Decomposition analysis was conducted to explain socio-economic inequality. Results: The ECI revealed pro-rich socio-economic inequality in prescribed medicine use (ECI = 0.067, SE = 0.010), indicating that prescribed medicine use was concentrated on the better-offs. On the other hand, this index showed pro-poor inequality in non-prescribed medicine use (ECI = -0.064, SE = 0.009). Decomposition analysis showed that economic status and place of residence were the main determinants of socio-economic inequality in prescribing medicines. These factors and the number of health care needs explained the majority of socio-economic inequality in non-prescribed medicine use. Conclusions: Despite previous positive beliefs, we found remarkable socio-economic inequality in the use of medicines in Iran. Facilitating access to pharmaceutical services for disadvantaged households and rural residents and promoting of national essential medicines list could be recommended against socio-economic inequality in the pharmaceutical market of Iran.

Direct neuronal reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neurons (iNs) has been recently established as a promising approach to generating neuron cells. Previous studies have reported that the biophysical cues of the

Social rejection as a negative interpersonal experience leads to emotional, cognitive, and physiological outcomes. We propose that another possible outcome of social rejection for individuals is the formation of a new order of personal values. In particular, we propose that socially rejected individuals assign higher priority to values with a self-protective nature while giving less importance to self-expansive values (opposing values). In addition, we posit that emotions mediate the relationship between the experience of social rejection and change in value priorities. In particular, the mediating role of emotional distress as a widely emotional outcome of social rejection is articulated. Emotional distress leads to higher emphasis on self-protective values compared to self-expansive values because the former is grounded in uncomfortable feelings, while the latter reflects greater comfort with life. Various moderators can potentially affect the link between social rejection and values.

Creatine transporter deficiency prevents creatine uptake into the brain, leading to mental retardation. To better understand the pathophysiology, this study focuses on the identification of biomarkers related to cognitive improvement in a Slc6a8 knockout mouse model (Slc6a8/y) engineered to mimic the clinical features of CTD patients which have low brain creatine content. Shotgun proteomics analysis of 4,035 proteins in four different brain regions; the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus (associated with cognitive functions) and brain stem, and muscle as a control, was performed in 24 mice. Comparisons of the protein abundance in the four brain regions between DCE-treated intranasally Slc6a8-/y mice and wild type and DCE-treated Slc6a8-/y and vehicle group identified 14 biomarkers, shedding light on the mechanism of action of DCE. Integrative bioinformatics and statistical modeling identified key proteins associated with CTD, including KIF1A and PLCB1. The abundance of these proteins in the four brain regions was significantly correlated with both the object recognition and the Y-maze tests. Functional analysis confirmed their key roles and associated molecules in CTD pathogenesis.

In the present work, the application of a combined process including soil washing by using the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and EDTA and electrocoagulation in remediation of phenanthrene (PHE) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils was investigated. In order to examine the effect of operational parameters on the efficacy of the process, Response Surface Methodology under Box–Behnken design was applied in both stages. Tween 80 solution and EDTA with concentrations of 1000–3000 and 1000–2000 mg L−1 respectively, at liquid/soil (L/S) ratio of 10, 20, and 30 v/w in a time interval of 2–24 h, were applied to remove PHE and Cd simultaneously from the co-contaminated soil. PHE and Cd extraction efficiency were mostly influenced by Tween 80 and EDTA concentration, respectively (Pvalue< 0.0001). L/S ratio also improved the removal efficiency of the contaminants significantly (Pvalue< 0.0001). Soil washing process under the optimal operational conditions of the surfactant concentration ≅ 3000 mg L-1, EDTA concentration ≅ 2000 mg L-1, L/S ratio ≅ 30 v/w and washing time = 2 h resulted in the removal efficiency of 59.284 ± 4.347% and 74.35 ± 3.632% for PHE and Cd, respectively. Electrocoagulation of the adjusted synthetic effluent based on the optimal operational conditions of soil washing phase was carried out at pH values of 3–11, with a voltage of 10–30 v, and in reaction time of 45–90 min. The results demonstrated that the removal efficiency of both contaminants was mostly enhanced by increasing pH (Pvalue< 0.0001). The factor of voltage had also a positive significant effect on the responses (Pvalue< 0.0001). The presented optimum conditions for electrocoagulation including pH of 11, a voltage of 30 v, and reaction time of 45 min provided a removal efficiency of 94.85 ± 1.715 and 100% for PHE and Cd respectively.

This study aims to investigate the impacts of fuel price policies on the concentration of air pollutants in Tehran city. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) estimation models were used to investigate the impacts of gasoline and diesel prices along with the weather and economic variables on the following traffic-related pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particular matter 10 micrometers or less (PM10). In the short term, a 1% increase in gasoline prices leads to a 0.02 and 0.012% decrease in the concentration of CO and PM10, respectively. In addition, in the short term, a 1% increase in diesel prices leads to a 0.008, 0.02, and 0.015 % decrease in the concentration of CO, PM10, and NO2, respectively. Results demonstrate that a 1% increase in gasoline prices leads to a 0.011 and 0.02 % increase in NO2 concentration in the short term and long term, respectively. Fuel prices had a greater impact on air pollutant concentration in the long term than in the short term. In the long term, a 1% increase in diesel prices leads to a 0.011, 0.024, and 0.029 % decrease in the concentration of CO, NO2, and PM10, respectively. Although fuel price increases lead to a significant reduction in PM10 and CO concentrations, other factors related to weather conditions (wind speed, temperature, and rainfall) as well as economic activities have a greater impact on air pollution. Therefore, other policies such as improving fuel quality and technology along with other economic policies can be more effective.

Background: Mathematical and predictive modeling approaches can be used in COVID-19 crisis to forecast the trend of new cases for healthcare management purposes. Given the COVID-19 disease pandemic, the prediction of the epidemic trend of this disease is so important. Methods: We constructed an SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) model on the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran. We estimated model parameters by the data on notified cases in Iran in the time window 1/22/2020 – 20/7/2021. Global sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the correlation between epidemiological variables and SEIR model parameters and to assess SEIR model robustness against perturbation to parameters. We Combined Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) as a rigorous time series prediction approach with the SEIR model to predict the trend of COVID-19 new cases under two different scenarios including social distance and non-social distance. Results: The SEIR and ANFIS model predicted new cases of COVID-19 for the period February 7, 2021, till August 7, 2021. Model predictions in the non-social distancing scenario indicate that the corona epidemic in Iran may recur as an immortal oscillation and Iran may undergo a recurrence of the third peak. Conclusion: Combining parametrized SEIR model and ANFIS is effective in predicting the trend of COVID-19 new cases in Iran.

Many institutions have adopted an online accelerated learning model in which intensive online instructions are offered during the course of a normal semester to help students complete classes. Current research has focused on comparing different instructional lengths. Mixed findings have been reported. Accelerated instructions are not necessarily superior or inferior to traditional 16-week instructions. Research should focus on what is crucial and how to prepare students to succeed in accelerated online courses. This study examines whether self-regulated learning (SRL) skills may serve as predictors of positive accelerated learning experiences. It concludes that five SRL skills can predict success in online accelerated learning experiences and suggested educators should identify and prepare students with relevant SRL skills prior to attempting accelerated instructions to warrant a positive learning experience.

The gradual accumulation of noisy evidence for or against options is the main step in the perceptual decision-making process. Using brain-wide electrophysiological recording in mice (Steinmetz et al., 2019), we examined neural correlates of evidence accumulation across multiple brain areas. We demonstrated that the neurons across the brain exhibited ramping-like firing rate activity that was modulated by the strength of evidence. These neurons had distinct properties in their intrinsic timescale, which were organized hierarchically across the brain. Our findings support the existence of evidence accumulation over multiple timescales. Furthermore, evaluating the underlying neural mechanism of evidence accumulation for the drift-diffusion-like neurons revealed different accumulation mechanisms (i.e. single and race) both within and across the brain areas. The results support the hypothesis that evidence accumulation is happening through multiple integration mechanisms in the brain.Significance StatementIn this paper we characterized the perceptual decision-making process across the mouse brain, using brain-wide electrophysiological recordings. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis characterizing different aspects of the evidence accumulation process, including the distribution of accumulator-like neurons, the timescale of information integration, and the underlying neural mechanism of the evidence accumulation process.

Polydopamine (PDA) is a biocompatible cell-adhesive polymer with versatile applications in biomedical devices. Previous studies have shown that PDA coating could improve cell adhesion and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). However, there is still a knowledge gap in the effect of PDA-mediated protein adsorption on the epigenetic status of MSCs. This work used gelatin-coated cell culture surfaces with and without PDA underlayer (Gel and PDA-Gel) to culture and differentiate primary human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). The properties of these two substrates were significantly different, which, in combination with a variation in extracellular matrix (ECM) protein bioactivity, regulated cell adhesion and migration. hASCs reduced focal adhesions by downregulating the expression of integrins such as αV, α1, α2, and β1 on the PDA-Gel compared to the Gel substrate. Interestingly, the ratio of H3K27me3 to H3K27me3+H3K4me3 was decreased, but this only occurred for upregulation of AGG and BMP4 genes during chondrogenic differentiation. This result implies that the PDA-Gel surface positively affects the chondrogenic, but not adipogenic and osteogenic, differentiation. In conclusion, for the first time, this study demonstrates the sequential effects of PDA coating on the biophysical property of adsorbed protein and then focal adhesions and differentiation of hMSCs through epigenetic regulation. This study sheds light on PDA-mediated mechanotransduction.