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All-dielectric nanophotonics opens a venue for a variety of novel phenomena and scattering regimes driven by unique optical effects in semiconductor and dielectric nanoresonators. Their peculiar optical signatures enabled by simultaneous electric and magnetic responses in the visible range pave a way for a plenty of new applications in nano-optics, biology, sensing, etc. In this work, we investigate fabrication-friendly truncated cone resonators and achieve several important scattering regimes due to the inherent property of cones-broken symmetry along the main axis without involving complex geometries or structured beams. We show this symmetry breaking to deliver various kinds of Kerker effects (generalized and transverse Kerker effects), non-scattering hybrid anapole regime (simultaneous anapole conditions for all the multipoles in a particle leading to the nearly full scattering suppression) and, vice versa, superscattering regime. Being governed by the same straightforward geometrical paradigm, discussed effects could greatly simplify the manufacturing process of photonic devices with different functionalities. Moreover, the additional degrees of freedom driven by the conicity open new horizons to tailor light-matter interactions at the nanoscale.

We propose and verify experimentally a novel mechanism for achieving superscattering from subwavelength dielectric resonators empowered by the physics of bound states in the continuum.

Tobacco farmers are prone to various health problems both physically and psychologically or mentally due to several problems such as Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS), crop failure and weather anomalies. Resilience is one of the coping mechanisms that can be used to prevent psychological distress. This study used a cross-sectional study design with cluster random sampling technique, a sample of 96 respondents. The study was conducted in February-March in Kalisat District, Jember Regency. Bivariate analysis used Pearson correlation (α

The number of community health nurses is not balanced with the workload given. This causes nurses at risk of experiencing physical and psychological problems that have an impact on the quality of life of the professional community health nurses. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between workload and professional quality of life in percescent nurses at the Jember district health center. This study uses a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 74 respondents. The sampling technique used was cluster sampling and proportionate random sampling. Data collection was conducted in January-March 2019. The questionnaire used was NASA-TLX (α = 0.781) and ProQoL-5 (α = 0.903). The statistical test used is spearman rank. The results showed that there was no relationship between workload and professional quality of life (p value = 0.372; CI = 95%). Community health nurses have workload (78.4%), compassion satisfaction (9.5%), burnout (59.5%) and stress traumatic secunder (13.5%) in the moderate category. High motivation and hard work of nurses in carrying out their responsibilities make the performance of nurses good, even though they have a moderate workload. Evaluation from the head of the room and also the demands of the workplace agency make the nurse work optimally. No one has measured the quality of life professionally directly but through their performance. The results of this study are expected to be an additional reference in the development of research in the field of workload and quality of life professional.

A diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in a human often contains more than one test. Calcification of the carpal transverse ligaments (TCL) is one of the common reasons why patients seek CTS surgery. However, determination of calcium (Ca) concentration in TCL has not been studied, and results of environmental toxicity studies assessing the relationship between Ca, and elemental deposition in TCL are inconsistent. The purpose of this paper was to verify this hypothesis by conducting a chemical analysis of a portion of the released TCL to assess whether there is a relationship between CTS and Ca, measured as the total concentration of Ca, and to measure the precipitation of elements, the most closely related elements associated with Ca and toxic are cadmium and lead. Surgical release of TCL was performed on forty patients, and total concentrations of Ca, Cd and Pb in the extracted portion of TCL were digested and determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the possibility of using X-ray spectroscopy (XRF) for direct elemental analysis. Ca mineralization revealed in some TCLs. In assessing patients’ environmental pollution, it was observed that the Cd and Pb concentrations were significant with the higher Ca concentration, and XRF was useful for direct detection of the elements in samples of human body. In conclusion, these results indicate that TCL mineralization by Ca does not characterize CTS, which has important concerns in improving patients’ therapeutic strategies, and Cd and Pb concentrations varied due to different factors.

Adolescence period is a transition period of human development between childhood and adulthood starting at the age of 12 or 13 years and ending at the last teenage years. Teenagers are in a high school period. In this period, teenagers undergo stress since they faced various jobs or tasks simultaneously, such as school assignments, and the burden of learning which was felt quite hard. Moreover, High School is currently following the 2013 curriculum by applying the Semester Credit Unit where students are required to find out in advance to do the assignments. Teenagers needed the confidence to resolve the demands of school duties. This study identified the relationship between self-efficacy and student coping mechanisms in dealing with assignments. The research design applied correlation analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The data collection technique used was stratified random sampling with 243 respondents. Data collection was carried out using the self-efficacy questionnaire and Children's Coping Questionary. The results of data analysis performed the Pearson correlation that revealed a score of p-value 0.00; r: 0.332; meaning that there was a relationship between self-efficacy and coping mechanisms of students in facing assignments in SMA 1 Jember. Therefore, it was needed teachers and parents support in providing motivation to students so that their self-efficacy of students was able to increase and produce an adaptive coping mechanism.

We uncover a novel mechanism for superscattering of subwavelength resonators closely associated with the physics of bound states in the continuum. We demonstrate that superscattering occurs as a consequence of constructive interference driven by the Friedrich-Wintgen mechanism, and it may exceed the currently established limits for the cross-section of a single open scattering channel, within the channel itself. We develop a non-Hermitian model to describe interfering resonances of quasi-normal modes to show that this effect can only occur for scatterers violating the spherical symmetry, and therefore it cannot be predicted with the classical Mie solutions. Our results reveal unusual physics of non-Hermitian systems having important implications for functional metadevices.

Purpose The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficiency of (FARES) method for reduction of first-episode anterior shoulder dislocation, as well as its safety, reliability, and quick easy reproducibility by inexperienced physicians without any use of medications. Methods This was a prospective study of 28 patients with first episode of anterior shoulder dislocation that underwent closed reduction using FARES method by junior orthopaedic residents without use of any analgesic, muscle relaxant, or anesthesia. Only two attempts of reduction were allowed for each patient. The time needed for reduction was recorded, and the patients were asked to grade their pain according to a visual analog scale from 0 to 10. Results Reduction was achieved after one attempt in 21 patients (75%) and after two attempts in three additional patients (total 85.7%). The mean time needed for reduction was 62.66 seconds, and the mean visual analog scale for pain evaluation was 5.29. Conclusion FARES method is a fast, reliable, and safe method for reduction of a first episode of anterior shoulder dislocation and can be easily performed by inexperienced physicians and junior residents.

We uncover a novel mechanism of superscattering from subwavelength resonators linked to the physics of bound states in the continuum (BICs). Enhanced scattering occurs due to constructive interference within the Friedrich-Wintgen mechanism of interfering resonances. Through this process, the scattering cross section of a single resonance can exceed the currently established limit. We develop a general non-Hermitian model to describe interfering resonances of quasi-normal modes, and study subwavelength dielectric nonspherical resonators exhibiting avoided crossing resonances and quasi-BIC states. Our results reveal novel physics of non-Hermitian systems suggesting important applications for metadevices.

A superscattering structure is an efficient energy-mapping device that of particular importance for various electromagnetic experiment methods, with potential sensing and energy harvesting applications. We study in this work the scattering cross-section of outgoing channels in the irreducible and singular basis for an arbitrary shape scatterer. The superscattering status is shown to occur within a single outgoing channel of an optimized cluster of cylinders, a forbidden mechanism in spherically symmetric Mie resonators.

A highly directive dielectric nanoantenna in an integrated chip may enable faster communication as their low losses and small size overcome the limitation of temperature enhancement and low data transfer rate. We optimize nanoantenna consist of Si-nanoblock in the near-infrared region to efficiently transfer a point dipole light to a highly directive light in the far-field region. We engineer the intrinsic electric and magnetic resonances of a Si-block nanoantenna by modifying and reducing its geometrical symmetry. We realize a pronounced enhancement of directivity by systematically inducing perturbation in the Silicon block so that both its reflection and rotational symmetries are broken. Finally, we retain the traditional method to increase resonance’s coupling to outer space by introducing substrate with an increasing refractive index. We find that the directivity has boosted rapidly.

We present a quasinormal mode (QNM) approach for modeling the nanoantenna and describe the response of localized dielectric cylinder resonators. The inherent resonant states of the dielectric cylinder nanocavity are investigated for modified and reduced geometrical symmetry. We find some modes contributing mainly to the directivity and have a high-quality factor. The variation of the eigenmodes with cylinder height and substrate refractive index has also been investigated.

In this work, we investigated the possibility of creating various multipole combinations in conical silicon nanoparticles. It was found that in conical silicon particles it seems possible to create key effects for nanophotonics, such as various kinds of Kerker effects (Generalized Kerker, Transverse Kerker), Hybrid anapole state, Bound states in the continuum. This greatly simplifies the manufacturing process of photonic devices due to the easier production of nanocones in practice. Also, conical particles allow an additional degree of freedom, which opens up new horizons for obtaining previously unknown effects.

High index dielectric particles proved superior in performing many exotics photonics effects and has become a subject to an extensive studies towards functional devices. Enhancing and controlling light scattering is a strongly sought after characteristic of antennas as an essential component of various technologies such as bio-sensing. We study an effect where particle mainly scatterers the incident power to the side-directions rather than to the forwards or backward. This type of scattering on symmetric scatterer requires at least the contribution of two orders of multipoles to enable simultaneous forward and back-scattering suppression, or the so-called transverse scattering. We explore helicity enhancement in the nearfield when illuminating the nanocube by an optimally-chiral beam that generates parallel induced electric and magnetic dipole and quadrupoles moments that satisfy the transverse Kerker condition. These moments generate an optimally-chiral scattered field preserving the handedness of the incident field.

We study analytically the effect of a substrate on the optical response of an arbitrarily-shape particle. We describe the substrate-induced bianisotropic interaction between electric and magnetic modes of any order. This results in a specific feature of the radiation pattern, that can be exploited in an experiment to determine the interactions between multipoles for various reasoning including metasurfaces.

Dielectric metasurfaces allow us to realize many unique effects in optics, and they can serve as the building blocks of the modern photonic technologies. Here, we suggest theoretically and demonstrate experimentally the effect of high transparency of all-dielectric metasurfaces with meta-atoms supporting the so-called transverse Kerker effect. In contrast to the well-known Huygens' metasurfaces, in our case both phase and amplitude of the incoming wave remain unperturbed at the resonant frequency and, consequently, our novel metasurfaces totally operate in the high-transparency regime. We prove experimentally, in the microwave frequency range, that both phase and amplitude of the waves transmitted through these metasurfaces remain almost unaffected. Also, we demonstrate numerically and experimentally and explain theoretically a novel mechanism for achieving a perfect absorption of the incident light enabled by the resonant response of the dielectric metasurfaces placed on a conducting substrate. In the subdiffractive limit, we show that these effects are mainly determined by the optical response of the constituting meta-atoms rather than collective lattice contributions. With the spectrum scalability, our finding can be extended to the optical frequencies to be employed for energy harvesting, nonlinear phenomena, and filtering of light.

All-dielectric nanophotonics attracts more and more attention nowadays due to the possibility to control and configure light scattering on high-index semiconductor nanoparticles. It opens a room of opportunities for designing novel types of nanoscale elements and devices, paving the way to advanced technologies of light energy manipulation. One of the most pespective and interesting effects is directive light scattering provided by the so-called Kerker and anti-Kerker effects giving a possibility to realize Huygens light sources, fully transparent metasurfaces, different types of nanoantennae etc. Another one corresponds to the realization of so-called “anapole states” providing near-zero scattering accompanied with strong near-fields. Here we briefly review some new results on the induced invisibility regarding fully transparent metasurfaces based on the simultaneous cancellation of the forward and backward scatteringvia particular optical responses of multipoles (similar to Kerker effect), and invisible objects and structures governed by the novel type of anapoles - hybrid anapole states.

Light scattering by all-dielectric nanoparticles attract significant attention of photonics community. Single nanoparticles can be used both as nanoantennas and as building blocks to construct 2D and 3D meta-structures. In this work we study scattering effect when silicon nanoparticles are embedded in different media. To analyze the evolution of multipole moments and their contributions to the scattering cross-sections of the nanoparticles in media, we use semi-analytical multipole decomposition approach. Explicitly, we investigate the behavior of electric and magnetic multipoles, up to third order, while dielectric nanoparticle made of silicon is embedded in a media. We found that electric and magnetic multipoles experience different red shift as refractive index increases. Due to this behavior separated high-order multipole resonances overlap with each other; thereby, scattering cross section peaks, which could be observed when a particles are in air, merge to the joint scattering cross section peaks. Such resonances overlap also affect both far-field radiation diagrams and field distribution inside the nanoparticle. Importantly, we noticed that when index of a surrounding media increases, the cubical nanoparticles provide spectral broadening of forward scattering effect. Our results provide fundamental information for understanding the scattering effect in all-dielectric nanoantennas or metasurfaces embedded in different dielectric media and operating in wide spectral range. For practical utilization, explored here dielectric nanoparticles could be used in broad range of applications such as in-vitro and in-vivo biomedical devices for sensing and drug delivering, sub-wavelength nano-amplifiers, and many other emerging applications.

The aim of this study is to utilize image processing techniques for solving color vision deficiency problem in visual detection of colors. Besides, about 0.5% female and 8% male were affected by color vision deficiency. Nevertheless, pork cheating in beef and chicken meatballs was investigated by the changing in color of pork’s DNA containing samples into a remarkable color. The visual results were supported by absorption spectroscopy device to avoid color vision deficiency problems. Surly, any pork component is prohibited in Halal and Kosher food and many non-Muslim countries are interested in Halal food as it reduces the risk of zoonotic diseases as well as having unique quality attributes economically. Utilizing spectroscopy device is inappropriate way to support the visual decision compared to image processing techniques. The key feature in this study is the pixel color intensity. The colors were enhanced by adjusting their brightness and saturation levels. Matlab was used to measure and classify the pixels of images. The image size was 320×240 pixels; which provides 76,800 pixels to be averaged, measured and classified. Moreover, a graphical user interface was designed to make the algorithm to be simply used by even unprofessional users. The results of this study indicated that the applied method is less complicated, more than $8,000 cost saving and it detected the Halal and non-Halal samples as the previous study did. Thus, it can be a good alternative to the utilizing of spectroscopy device.

The surface modification of silica particles by an organic functional group has been intensively studied, and the modified structure can be analyzed by various experiments and simulations. Cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamoyl chloride are well known for their photo-dimerization reactions. By introducing them on the fumed silica surface, it is possible to create a functional silica which can be aggregated by cross-linking under optical irradiation. For surface modification of the fumed silica, an autoclave method was used with the cinnamyl alcohol, while the reflux method was used for the cinnamoyl chloride. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), a thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the Bruneuer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method were used to evaluate the surface structure of the modified silica. In the case of modification with cinnamyl alcohol, the maximum amount of the modifier groups was 1.7-OR/nm 2 , and the modification degree could be controlled by varying the initial concentration of the modifier in the reaction. On the other hand, the maximum amount of the modifier groups was 0.33-OR/nm 2 with cinnamoyl chloride, but it could be increased to 0.69-OR/nm 2 when pyridine was used as the catalyst during the modification. The reaction process was evaluated by the MOPAC simulation, and the ultraviolet (UV) absorption based on the structure was calculated by ZINDO. In the photo-irradiation experiment, which used an extra high pressure mercury lamp as a spectral source, it was confirmed that the modifier on the silica surface formed α and β-dimer, the structure of which was decided by the intermolecular distance. In this study, it was confirmed that the cross-linking occurs on interparticle based on the results of the simulation and measurement of the UV absorption. However, a moderate density of the modifier is essential for initiating the interparticle cross-linking.

The ever‐growing field of microfluidics requires precise and flexible control over fluid flows at reduced scales. Current constraints demand a variety of controllable components to carry out several operations inside microchambers and microreactors. In this context, brand‐new nanophotonic approaches can significantly enhance existing capabilities providing unique functionalities via finely tuned light−matter interactions. A concept is proposed, featuring dual on‐chip functionality: boosted optically driven diffusion and nanoparticle sorting. High‐index dielectric nanoantennae is specially designed to ensure strongly enhanced spin−orbit angular momentum transfer from a laser beam to the scattered field. Hence, subwavelength optical nanovortices emerge driving spiral motion of plasmonic nanoparticles via the interplay between curl−spin optical forces and radiation pressure. The nanovortex size is an order of magnitude smaller than that provided by conventional beam‐based approaches. The nanoparticles mediate nanoconfined fluid motion enabling moving‐part‐free nanomixing inside a microchamber. Moreover, exploiting the nontrivial size dependence of the curled optical forces makes it possible to achieve precise nanoscale sorting of gold nanoparticles, demanded for on‐chip separation and filtering. Altogether, a versatile platform is introduced for further miniaturization of moving‐part‐free, optically driven microfluidic chips for fast chemical analysis, emulsion preparation, or chemical gradient generation with light‐controlled navigation of nanoparticles, viruses or biomolecules., The power of the spin−orbit coupling effect in all‐dielectric nanophotonics is harnessed to propose a novel, all‐optical nanomixing and sorting device potentially integrable in lab‐on‐a‐chip platforms. Specifically, under simple plane wave illumination, a dielectric structure with carefully tailored optical near fields is shown to induce nanofluid vortices, effectively boosting diffusion of admixtures.

The ability of all-dielectric nanostructures to perform exotic photonics effects is with superior efficiency compared to their metallic counterparts. Free from joules losses, high-index dielectrics support comparable excitation of electric and magnetic resonances and pave a way to advanced technologies of light energy manipulation. One of the most important effects is directive light scattering provided by the Kerker and anti-Kerker effects giving the potential to realize Huygens source of light, transparent metasurfaces, router nanoantennas etc. Here we study an effect where most of the scattered power is redirected to the side directions rather than to the forward and/or backward directions. This kind of scattering on isotropic scatterer requires at least the presence of the first two orders of multipoles to enable simultaneous forward and back-scattering suppressions. Electric dipole Fano resonance profile and quadrupoles off-resonance characteristics provide the required phase and amplitude conditions to obtain such an optical signature. We find the individual scatterers sustain the transverse scattering conditions when assembled into a metasurface so exhibit invisibility effect. We investigate this phenomenon analytically and numerically in the visible and microwave domains and provide the proof-of-the-concept experiment in the gigahertz frequency and showing very good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

Using metasurfaces, light can be manipulated beyond the limitations of classical optics. For instance, metasurfaces are used to widen the antenna aperture, to tailor light polarization, to be transparent, etc. Here, we study the effective fields in a magnetoelectric dipolar lattice positioned near PEC substrate. We show analytically that in the case of a subwavelength lattice spacing, the coupling between the electric and magnetic dipoles is induced mainly by the substrate reflected fields of dipoles at the coordinate of the perspective centre.

Here we use multipole decomposition approach to study optical properties of a silicon nanocylinder in different lossless media. We show that resonant peaks of multipole moments experience red shift, smoothing and broadening. Worth noting that electric multipoles experience bigger red shift than their magnetic counterparts. Our results can be applied to design optical devices within a single framework.

All-dielectric nanophotonics attracts more and more attention nowadays due to the possibility to control and configure light scattering on high-index semiconductor nanoparticles. It opens a room of opportunities for the designing novel types of nanoscale elements and devices, and paves a way to advanced technologies of light energy manipulation. One of the most perspective and interesting effects is directive light scattering provided by the so-called Kerker and anti-Kerker effects giving a possibility to realize Huygens source of light, fully transparent metasurfaces, different types of nanoatennae etc. Another one corresponds to the realization of so-called “anapole states” providing near-zero scattering accompanied with strong near-fields. Here we briefly review some new results on the induced invisibility regarding fully transparent metasurfaces based on the simultaneous cancellation of the forward and backward scattering via particular optical responses of multipoles (similar to Kerker effect), and invisible objects and structures governed by the novel type of anapoles – hybrid anapole states.

Dielectric photonics platform provides unique possibilities to control light scattering via utilizing high-index dielectric nanoantennas with peculiar optical signatures. Despite the intensively growing field of all-dielectric nanophotonics, it is still unclear how surrounding media affect scattering properties of a nanoantenna with complex multipole response. Here we report on light scattering by a silicon cubic nanoparticles embedded in lossless media, supporting optical resonant response. We show that significant changes in the scattering process are governed by the electro-magnetic multipole resonances which experience spectral red-shift and broadening over the whole visible and near-infrared spectra as the indices of media increase. Most interestingly that the considered nanoantenna exhibits the broadband forward scattering in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges due to the Kerker-effect in high-index media. The revealed effect of broadband forward scattering is essential for highly demanding applications in which the influence of the media is crucial such as health-care: sensing, treatment efficiency monitoring, and diagnostics. In addition, the insights from this study are expected to pave the way towards engineering the nanophotonic systems including but not limited to Huygens-metasurfaces in media within a single framework.

All-dielectric resonant nanophotonics lies at the heart of modern optics and nanotechnology due to the unique possibilities to control scattering of light from high-index dielectric nanoparticles and metasurfaces. One of the important concepts of dielectric Mie-resonant nanophotonics is associated with the Kerker effect that drives the unidirectional scattering of light from nanoantennas and Huygens' metasurfaces. Here we suggest and demonstrate experimentally a novel effect manifested in the nearly complete simultaneous suppression of both forward and backward scattered fields. This effect is governed by the Fano interference between an electric dipole and off-resonant quadrupoles, providing necessary phases and amplitudes of the scattered fields to achieve the transverse scattering. We extend this concept to dielectric metasurfaces that demonstrate zero reflection with transverse scattering and strong field enhancement for resonant light filtering, nonlinear effects, and sensing.

Current algorithms for decision making in proximal humerus fractures consider the fracture pattern along with the patient characteristics and surgeon’s experience. Minimally invasive techniques for reduction and internal fixation of many types of these fractures have recently been widely promoted, especially with the use of the newly developed locking plate systems. Intramedullary flexible nailing is one of the oldest techniques using minimally invasive reduction and fixation of proximal humerus fractures. Kapandji technique uses the “Deltoid V” landmark as entry point for intramedullary insertion of the flexible nails into the humeral head. The authors report their experience with this procedure in twenty-six, relatively young patients with good bone quality, presenting with displaced 2- or 3-part extra-articular fracture of the proximal humerus, treated with percutaneous reduction and intramedullary flexible nailing as described by Kapandji. Nineteen medical records were available for this retrospective review, with 9 to 12 months follow-up. There were 15 excellent and 1 good results when patients were assessed for pain, function and range of motion of the shoulder. The authors submit that Kapandji technique is a valuable procedure for management of extra-articular displaced 2- and 3- part proximal humerus fractures in young patients with good bone quality.

In this paper, the electric resonance characteristics of narrow waist diabolo shape gold metal bar nanoantenna have been investigated. These metal nanostructures induce surface plasmon polration (SPP) and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) leading to enhance the absorption and the scattering cross sections characteristics of the antenna. Investigation is done using 3D model Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical simulations and dipole oscillator model. From simulation work, it is found that the relationship between the antenna length and the resonance wavelength is approximatly linear. Also, it is found that as the diabolo antenna waist get narrower, the power dissipation decreases and slightly the resonance wavelength shifted to the higher values. The investigation shows that the electric field amplified in the extremities of the diabolo antenna while the magnetic field phase shifted from the electric field and amplified in the waist (middle) of the antenna. General Terms Antenna, optical antenna, nanoparticles.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which can cause negative stigma from the community leading to stress of patient. Stress in tuberculosis patients may also be caused by the length of medication period as well as the side effect of the medicine. When stress affects the medication taken by the patients, the stress management is highly needed. It can be done by identifying the coping mechanism. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between the coping mechanism and the stress of the tuberculosis patients at the Paru Hospital, Jember. The design of this study was analytical correlational by using cross sectional approach. The population of this study was 145 patients. The sampling was 84 patients obtained by using consecutive sampling technique. The result of data analysis by Spearman correlation revealed the p-value of 0.00; r:- 0.529. This indicated that there is a correlation between the coping mechanism and the stress of the tuberculosis patients at the Paru Hospital Jember. It is suggested that nurses should pay attention to improve the patient’s coping mechanism by providing education and counseling about tuberculosis disease and stress management. Stress management or coping can help patients to manage stress and further may complete the medication.

Dielectric photonics platform provides unique possibilities to control light scattering via utilizing high-index dielectric nanoantennas with peculiar optical signatures. Despite the intensively growing field of all-dielectric nanophotonics, it is still unclear how surrounding media affect scattering properties of a nanoantenna with complex multipole response. Here, we report on light scattering by a silicon cubic nanoparticle embedded in lossless media, supporting optical resonant response. We show that significant changes in the scattering process are governed by the electro-magnetic multipole resonances, which experience spectral red-shift and broadening over the whole visible and near-infrared spectra as the indices of media increase. Most interestingly, the considered nanoantenna exhibits the broadband forward scattering in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges due to the Kerker-effect in high-index media. The revealed effect of broadband forward scattering is essential for highly demanding applications in which the influence of the media is crucial such as health-care, e.g., sensing, treatment efficiency monitoring, and diagnostics. In addition, the insights from this study are expected to pave the way toward engineering the nanophotonic systems including but not limited to Huygens-metasurfaces in media within a single framework.

The aim of this study was to illustrate safety, feasibility and advantages of transfracture medial transposition of the radial nerve during the lateral approach and lateral plating of humeral fractures located in the mid and distal shaft. This was a retrospective review and analysis of medical records and radiographs of 19 patients who underwent a transfracture medial transposition of the radial nerve. Fifteen patients were treated for fresh fracture and four for nonunion. All patients were followed up clinically and radiographically for a minimum of 12 months. Pre-operative radial nerve paralysis was present in four patients in the fresh fractures group; post-operative paralysis occurred in two. All patients completely recovered a few months after the index procedure. Except for two, all patients achieved bone healing. One patient from the fresh-fracture group developed nonunion, and one from the nonunion group experienced persistent nonunion; both underwent successful revision surgeries. In addition, four patients with a fresh fracture underwent revision surgery for hardware removal. All but two patients showed no restricted elbow or shoulder joint motion compared with the opposite side. Transfracture transposition of the radial nerve during open reduction and internal fixation of humeral shaft fractures is a safe, harmless and feasible procedure when applied for fractures of the middle and distal humeral shaft; it removes the nerve from the surgical field during fracture manipulation and fixation, with a gain in length of the nerve by transforming its course from spiral to straight. Following radial nerve transposition across the fracture, a repeat surgical approach to the humerus for hardware removal or treatment of nonunion transforms the procedure into a simple one; the skin incision is carried straight down to the bone without the need to identify or dissect the nerve that was previously transposed to the medial compartment of the arm.

The radial nerve constitutes a major problem in humeral shaft fractures; it may be injured immediately or during closed reduction or open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws. After fixation, the nerve always runs directly over the plate without any interposed structure. If a revision surgery is indicated, the nerve is at high risk as it is usually difficult to dissect from surrounding fibrotic scar tissue or callus formation. To avoid these complications, some authors reported transposition of the radial nerve through the fracture line. We present herein the surgical technique of the trans-fracture transposition of the radial nerve during open reduction and internal fixation of humeral shaft fractures, along with our preliminary results in 6 cases and a review of the literature.

We present a case of spontaneous simultaneous bilateral hip fracture in an elderly female patient suffering undiagnosed osteomalacia. She underwent staged bilateral cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and received long-term medical treatment for osteomalacia. Our aim is to stress on the clinical value of unexplained chronic bilateral groin pain predicting the occurrence of these fractures and on the importance of evaluating serum levels of vitamin D, calcium and parathyroid hormone especially in elderly sedentary patients with lack of exposure to sunlight.

Correct calculations of losses are important for several reasons. There are two basic methods that can be used to calculate technical energy losses, a method based on subtraction of metered energy purchased and metered energy sold to customers and a method based on modeling losses in individual components of the system.

We present a rare case of associated distal triceps tendon avulsion with radial head fracture; the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the elbow were also ruptured. The patient underwent surgical procedure for the reinsertion of the triceps tendon using metallic anchors, radial head prosthetic replacement, and repair of the lateral collateral ligament. We believe this combined injury pattern of radial head fracture with triceps tendon rupture or avulsion should be considered according to the concept of the spectrum of elbow instability.

We analytically study the broadband antireflection of a square array of dielectric pillars with a glass substrate. The presented condition exploits the optical response of the nanoparticles to achieve complete cancellation of the reflected field by means of destructive interference.

We present a case of distal radial shaft fracture associated with elbow dislocation and coronoid process fracture. The associated coronoid fracture was initially missed. Closed reduction of the elbow and open reduction with internal fixation of the radial fracture were achieved immediately after admission. Radiographic control 3 days later showed that the elbow was redislocated into the cast. A careful reevaluation of the radiographs disclosed the coronoid fracture. An anterior approach of the elbow permits to reduce and fix the coronoid process. In addition, a hinged external fixator was applied to maintain concentric elbow reduction, and to protect the coronoid fracture fixation and the capsulo-ligamentous healing, while early elbow motion was started. The final result at 10-year follow-up was excellent both clinically and radiologically. According to our knowledge, a similar presentation of distal radial shaft fracture with ipsilateral unstable complex elbow dislocation and fracture of the coronoid process has never been described in the previous literature.

This is the second of two companion papers dealing with nonlinear finite element modelling and ultimate strength analysis of the hull girder of a bulk carrier under Alternate Hold Loading (AHL) condition. The methodology for nonlinear finite element modelling as well as the ultimate strength results from the nonlinear FE analyses was discussed in the companion paper (Part 1). The purpose of the present paper is to use the FE results to contribute towards developing simplified methods applicable to practical design of ship hulls under combined global and local loads. An important issue is the significant double bottom bending in the empty hold in AHL due to combined global hull girder bending moment and local loads. Therefore, the stress distributions in the double bottom area at different load levels i.e. rule load level and ultimate failure load level are presented in detail. The implication of different design pressures obtained by different rules (CSR-BC rules and DNV rules) on the stress distribution is investigated. Both (partially) heavy cargo AHL and fully loaded cargo AHL are considered. Factors of influence of double bottom bending such as initial imperfections, local loads, stress distribution and failure modes on the hull girder strength are discussed. Simplified procedures for determination of the hull girder strength for bulk carriers under AHL conditions are also discussed in light of the FE analyses.

Fractures of trapezium are reportedly rare, less than 5% of all carpal bones fractures. A vertical sagittal fracture type is encountered in about 20% of cases. This fracture type is unstable and is usually displaced like a Bennett’s fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation is admitted to be the best method of treatment, but it has always been augmented with a postoperative cast immobilization to temporary stabilize the trapeziometacarpal joint. We describe a case of displaced vertical sagittal fracture of the trapezium with trapeziometacarpal subluxation treated by open reduction and internal fixation of the trapezial fracture, associated with temporary stabilization of the trapeziometacarpal joint using two percutaneous intermetacarpal Kirschner wires.

We report a case of acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation in a 41-year-old patient, which we treated surgically by a modification of the procedure described by Gerber for humeral head reconstruction in such cases. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT scan, which also helped us to assess the size of the antero-medial humeral head defect or impaction secondary to the dislocation; the size of this defect being a determinant element for the indication. Because the shoulder was unstable after closed reduction and almost 50% of the humeral head was impacted, we carried out a surgical treatment using an original technique as mentioned above. Radiologic and surgical features of acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation are discussed with special emphasis on diagnosis, indications and surgical aspects of this rare lesion, which represent 2–4% of acute traumatic shoulder dislocations.