153 results on '"H, Yamakawa"'
Search Results
2. RWD131 Investigating Resource Costs and the Experiences of Patients and Healthcare Professionals in the Treatment of Fabry Disease With Enzyme Replacement Therapy – A Multi-Country Study
- Author
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I Keyzor, A Maria Martins, S Kalkan Uçar, H Yamakawa, J Giuliano, S Shohet, L Baldock, and M Andiappan
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Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2022
3. Evaluation of large airway specimens obtained by transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases
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S. Sato, H. Yamakawa, T. Takemura, T. Nakamura, T. Nishizawa, T. Oba, R. Kawabe, K. Akasaka, M. Amano, and H. Matsushima
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Biopsy ,Bronchoscopy ,Humans ,Lung Diseases, Interstitial ,Lung ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background The difference in diagnostic yield between surgical lung biopsy and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) has been reported to be due to differences in the rate of interpathologist agreement, specimen size, and specimen adequacy. In TBLC, the specimens containing large airway components are generally believed as inadequate specimens for histological evaluation, but the detailed characteristics of TBLC specimens including the large airway and the impact on histological diagnostic rates of DPLD have not been investigated. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the specimen characteristics of patients with DPLD who underwent TBLC. Results Between February 2018 and January 2020, 74 patients and 177 specimens were included. There were 85 (48.0%) large airway specimens (LAS) that contained bronchial gland or bronchial cartilage. The ideal specimen ratio was significantly lower in the LAS-positive group than that in the LAS-negative group (5.8% vs. 45.6%), and the proportion of bronchioles, alveoli, and perilobular area were similarly lower in the LAS-positive group. The presence of traction bronchiectasis and diaphragm overlap sign on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were also significantly higher in the LAS-positive group than those in the LAS-negative group. We observed a statistically significant trend in histological diagnostic yield (40.7% in LAS positive group; 60.8% in LAS positive and negative group; 91.6% in LAS negative group) (Cochran-Armitage trend test). Conclusion LAS is a specimen often collected in TBLC and contains a low percentage of bronchioles, alveoli, and perilobular area. Since the histological diagnostic yield tends to be higher in cases that do not contain LAS, it may be important to determine the biopsy site that reduces the frequency of LAS collection by referring to the HRCT findings in TBLC.
- Published
- 2021
4. Identification of ASR and Estimation of ASR Damage by Double Color Staining Technique (Gel Stain Method)
- Author
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M. Kawamura, K. Shimase, and H. Yamakawa
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Materials science ,business.industry ,General Materials Science ,Pattern recognition ,Identification (biology) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Stain method ,Staining technique - Published
- 2018
5. Training bei Tendinopathien – Sehnenstress
- Author
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M Gajhede-Knudsen, S Sarna, A L Seitz, V Frey, J L Leung, H Behzad, E Rio, L P Cobben, N Ulreich, L S Almekinders, M Reiter, J W Uribe, R Beyer, K M Crossley, G Brunet, J S Sher, B E Cairns, S Franklin, S T Kwak, H M Pau, P P Kuijer, J A Gimbel, M Kongsgaard, A M Fearon, G B Holmes, N Maffulli, P S Weinhold, D A Hart, M van Ark, A Sharma, H D Andersen, J Kaprio, M Magra, B I Eriksson, J Lin, J P Wilev, B Dean, J S Lewis, P Svensson, K M Heinemeier, C J Handley, I Gorzelany, D Skovgaard, S C Fu, R L Chimenti, M Kvist, A Dirisamer, H Langberg, A J Hakim, R Thomeé, J P Haahr, J Ekstrand, A Scott, S Docking, A V September, A Metzdorf, P Malliaras, I Bah, R Murphy, H P Kundert, S P Arnoczky, M Hägglund, M Zanetti, A Posada, J Twiin, G Andersson, J Zwerver, H Alfredson, M Posthumus, M Nagae, P Aagaard, H van der Worp, B J Dean, L J Soslowsky, D S Brown, R Mousavizadeh, D Kidgell, J Olesen, M Kjaer, R Bahr, J E Dahlstrom, J Lewis, M Kido, P Kannus, K Ikoma, P W Fisher, K G Silbernagel, N D Reeves, L J Backman, D A Connell, S Mehta, C Speed, M F Barbe, S L Franklin, K McCreesh, C J Barton, J S Roy, C Purdam, M Lavagnino, M Egerbacher, U M Kujala, J Pilcher, S Finucane, K Hamada, J Cook, M Calleja, L Engebretsen, R E Bunata, J L Cook, A J Carr, V Kovanen, L van der Merwe, A E Barr, H G Gao, L F Cherkas, D Morrissey, P Ahf Renstrom, A G Lambi, T D Spector, T A Jarvinen, X D Dong, W Wang, A Hirschmüller, S Ly Woo, M Gotoh, W van Snellenberg, H Yamakawa, S Forsgren, M Waldén, P W McClure, H Magnusson, B Hougs Kjaer, J F Griffith, S A Raza, O B Lian, A Weir, L Konstantinidis, and R J De Vos
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03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,030229 sport sciences ,030212 general & internal medicine - Published
- 2017
6. P.351 Ziprasidone protects against rotenone-induced oxidative stress in PC12 neuronal cells
- Author
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K. Matsunaga, K. Terada, A. Murata, Y. Karube, N. Nishihara, H. Yamakawa, E. Toki, and S. Goto
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Pharmacology ,Rotenone ,medicine.disease_cause ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Neurology ,chemistry ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Ziprasidone ,Neurology (clinical) ,Biological Psychiatry ,Oxidative stress ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2020
7. P.307 Fluvoxamine recovered the nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth inhibited by dexamethasone
- Author
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E. Toki, K. Terada, S. Goto, H. Yamakawa, K. Matsunaga, D. Watase, S. Setoguchi, J. Takata, and Y. Karube
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Pharmacology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2019
8. Theoretical Analysis of High Efficiency Laser-diode-pumped Continuous-Wave Hemispherical Short Cavity Laser
- Author
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S. Kataoka, H. Yamakawa, Yoshiteru Aoyagi, T. Kanetake, R. Kobayashi, F. Sugiki, K. Tomizawa, S. Maeda, N. Nakajima, Sakae Kawato, and M. Shibata
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Materials science ,Laser diode ,business.industry ,High intensity ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Physics::Optics ,Laser pumping ,Laser ,law.invention ,Maximum efficiency ,Optics ,law ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Continuous wave ,business ,Laser beams - Abstract
We theoretically analyzed the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of a CW hemispherical short cavity Yb:YAG laser which pump source is a single-emitter-laser-diode. As a result, the maximum efficiency of 78.6% was obtained by high intensity pumping.
- Published
- 2018
9. An estimation of the effectiveness of waste prevention by using point-of-sales (POS) data—The case of refills for shampoo and hair conditioner in Japan
- Author
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H. Yamakawa and Tomohiro Tasaki
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Estimation ,Economics and Econometrics ,Engineering ,Point of sale ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Hair conditioner ,computer.software_genre ,Shampoo ,Fiscal year ,Resource use ,Cleaner production ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,computer ,Waste prevention - Abstract
Estimating the effectiveness of waste prevention measures in place is one approach to promote waste prevention and reduce resource use. We estimated the amount of waste reduction induced by the use of refills for shampoo and hair conditioner in Japan using point-of-sales (POS) data collected by retailers. The amount of waste reduction estimated was about 276 in fiscal year 2000, and increased to about 54% in fiscal year 2008, contributing to a waste reduction of 14,700 tonnes in that year. The POS data indicated that the unit prices of refillable products were lower than those of non-refillable products, which would be the main reason for the successful proliferation of refill products. The applicability of using the POS data to estimate the amount of waste prevention for refill and other products was also examined. In cases where detailed product data exist and there is relatively a simple product substitution, the applicability of this methodology would be higher.
- Published
- 2011
10. P932Successful one-point ablation for three circuits of reentrant atrial tachycardia
- Author
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R Kitajima, K Negishi, M Sakai, S Kashimura, M Momoi, Kotaro Fukumoto, H Yamakawa, T Koura, Y Shinya, D Shinmura, and H Ikura
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Re-entrant atrial tachycardia ,Ablation ,Reentrancy ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Point (geometry) ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Atrial tachycardia - Published
- 2018
11. Testing of type B packages in Japan to conditions different from regulatory package test standard
- Author
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H. Yamakawa, K. Shirai, C. Itoh, and Toshiari Saegusa
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Fire test ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Drop (liquid) ,Structural engineering ,Drop test ,Spent nuclear fuel ,Environmental temperature ,Package specimen ,Drop tests ,Slab ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
The present paper summarises the tests that have been performed on type B packages by CRIEPI in Japan to conditions different from the regulatory test standard for impact, fire and immersion. A drop test of a spent fuel package with transport frame was performed. The drop height was 7·8 m and the target was reinforced concrete floor. Drop tests of spent fuel packages without impact limiters were performed. The drop heights were 1·5, 5·0 and 17 m and the target was a reinforced concrete floor. Dynamic crash tests simulating accidental drop of heavy object onto a spent fuel transport/storage package without impact limiters were performed. The heavy object was a slab made of reinforced concrete. The drop heights were 5 to 17 m. A thermal test was performed using a spent fuel package specimen. During the thermal test in a furnace, the environmental temperature increased up to 1000°C. An immersion test under a head of water at 3000 m for one hour was performed. The specimens were packages of spent fuel...
- Published
- 2007
12. Measurement of response functions of organic liquid scintillator for neutron energy range up to 390MeV
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S. Taniguchi, N. Nakao, H. Yamakawa, K. Oishi, T. Nakamura, A. Tamii, K. Hatanaka, and T. Saito
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation - Published
- 2006
13. Japanese perspectives and research on packaging, transport and storage of spent fuel
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K. Shirai, T. Saegusa, C. Ito, and H. Yamakawa
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Engineering ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Heavy weight ,CASK ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Building collapse ,Spent nuclear fuel - Abstract
The present paper gives an overview of Japanese experimental studies of dual-purpose metal casks. The studies included: cask drop without impact limiters, drop of a heavy weight onto a cask due to building collapse, burial of a cask in debris from building collapse, tipping over of a cask during an earthquake, long-term containment of metal gaskets and transportability of casks after long-term storage. Most of the studies employed full-scale casks for the experiments.
- Published
- 2005
14. Study of the dioxin reduction and behaviour of it in electric arc furnaces
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H. Sasamoto, H. Yamakawa, T. Okazaki, S. Matsuoka, and K. Isakari
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Engineering ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Combustion ,Arc (geometry) ,Electric arc ,Pilot plant ,Materials Chemistry ,heterocyclic compounds ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,business - Abstract
The behaviour of dioxin in several arc furnaces was studied in detail in relation with the specifications for various types of organic and inorganic gas. After a pilot plant study has been carried out to know the effect of secondary combustion and rapid cooling on the reduction of dioxin in the arc fumace, ways to lower dioxin below regulation levels were proposed. To understand the reactions, laboratory studies and thermodynamic calculations have been done.
- Published
- 2002
15. Development of line current differential relay over native ethernet
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F. Kawano, H. Yamakawa, H. Okamura, S. Fukushima, J. Yamada, S. Kohiga, and T. Mori
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Engineering ,Synchronous Ethernet ,business.industry ,Ethernet over PDH ,Ethernet flow control ,Ethernet over SDH ,Telecommunications ,business ,ATA over Ethernet ,Connection-oriented Ethernet ,Metro Ethernet ,Computer network ,Carrier Ethernet - Abstract
Packet/frame-based communication services have been in general use for utility communications for a number of years with the exception of communications for protection and in particular line current differential protection. Recently, a number of utilities have begun to investigate the possibility of applying packet/frame-based communication supported by Ethernet Layer 2 (L2) for protection signaling between substations because of the high-speed performance, flexibility and maintainability it promises. However, tele-protection communications applications have been retained on legacy circuit-switched services such as PDH or SDH/SONET because of concerns with regard to jitter and channel asymmetry. Currently, dedicated multiplexers are provided for line current differential relays to utilise communication routes provided for power systems. If general communications services such as Ethernet can be applied to communication routes for protection purposes in the same way as for other power system communication services, then we can expect to reduce total system costs including that of the communication infrastructure. Therefore, we have developed a new line differential protection relay system using native Ethernet. In this paper, we will introduce the development specifications and evaluation test results.
- Published
- 2014
16. Sexual reproduction and larval settlement of the zooxanthellate coral Alveopora japonica Eguchi at high latitudes
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H. Yamakawa, Makoto Omori, Saki Harii, and Y. Koike
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Cnidaria ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Ecology ,Coral ,Population ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Japonica ,Sexual reproduction ,Zooxanthellae ,Mesenteries ,education ,Bay - Abstract
Sexual reproduction and larval settlement of Alveopora japonica Eguchi were studied at its northernmost distribution in Tokyo Bay (34°58′03′′N, 139°46′05′′E), where the annual sea temperature ranges from 13 to 27 °C. Alveopora japonica is a hermaphroditic brooding coral with oocytes and spermaries developing on separate mesenteries of the polyp. The oocytes first appeared in October, maturing in late August to early September of the following year, whereas the spermaries were first observed in May, and matured in approximately 4 months. The oocytes reached ca. 800 µm in diameter. Planulae containing zooxanthellae in their endoderm were released during the daytime in September and October. Well-developed planulae were able to settle and metamorphose within 7 h. The polyps started budding about 3 weeks after settlement, and took 3 years to grow to maturity. The population examined was sexually reproductive, indicating that A. japonica maintains local populations in Tokyo Bay by sexual reproduction.
- Published
- 2001
17. Dynamic analysis and optimum design for control of beams with time-dependent changes of length
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J. He and H. Yamakawa
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Control and Optimization ,business.industry ,Mass flow ,Numerical analysis ,Structural system ,General Engineering ,Equations of motion ,Structural engineering ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Finite element method ,Computer Science Applications ,Vibration ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Galerkin method ,Engineering design process ,business ,Algorithm ,Software ,Mathematics - Abstract
Structural systems with longitudinal mass flow can be seen in belt-conveyers, running magnetic tapes and flexible manipulators, etc. Transverse vibration problems of flexible longitudinally extensible beams are considered as a special class of vibration problems of structural systems with longitudinal mass flow. The optimum design problem to control the dynamic response of such structural systems is very important from engineering and practical viewpoints, but until now it has not been the subject of much study.
- Published
- 1999
18. Stabilization of a deployable flexible structure
- Author
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H. Yamakawa, H. Matsuo, Hong-Hua Zhang, and Y. Morita
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Vibration ,Engineering ,Control theory ,business.industry ,Structure (category theory) ,Phase (waves) ,Aerospace Engineering ,Boundary (topology) ,Rotation ,business ,Stability (probability) ,Energy (signal processing) ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
This paper deals with stability and stabilization of a deployable flexible beam. It is proved that the motion of the structure is basically stable in station-keeping phase and deploying phase and unstable in retracting phase, if there is no control for it. Boundary controllers are proposed for the structure, which may dissipate the unwanted vibration and rotation energy of the structure, thus stabilize the structure during all the motion phases.
- Published
- 1998
19. Exchangeable PV shingle
- Author
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T. Ito, Toshio Yagiura, Shoichi Nakano, Y. Yamashita, Kenji Uchihashi, Shinya Tsuda, T. Fujiwara, Masashi Morizane, S. Omoto, H. Yamakawa, and Kenji Murata
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Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Photovoltaic system ,Automotive engineering ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,law ,visual_art ,Solar cell ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental science ,Fire resistance ,Tile ,Solar shingle ,Roof - Abstract
An “exchangeable photovoltaic (PV) shingle” which is a new type of PV module integrated with a shingle tile has been developed. The new PV shingle tile offers many attractive features, such as a lower total cost, simple construction and maintenance, good design, and fire resistance, compared with previous PV modules. The PV shingles were trial tested and evaluated as PV modules and roofing materials, and no problems appeared. This year, the PV shingles were installed on a model house roof to conduct demonstration tests related to various performance levels for a solar cell system and roofing materials.
- Published
- 1997
20. Nondestructive detection of dislocations in steel using a SQUID gradiometer
- Author
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H. Yamakawa, Satoshi Nakayama, A. Odawara, Kazuo Chinone, Naoko Kasai, and Noboru Ishikawa
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Materials science ,Carbon steel ,Lüders band ,Slip (materials science) ,engineering.material ,Plasticity ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Gradiometer ,Magnetic flux ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Magnetic field ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Deformation (engineering) ,Composite material - Abstract
We have developed a magnetic flux imaging system. The magnetic flux image (MFI) shows the distribution of magnetic flux density over a plate like specimen. The change of the pattern in the MFI by tensile deformation has been investigated in a carbon steel without applying magnetic field using the system. A clear striped pattern appeared after deformation by fine plastic strain between 0.2 and 1.0% before strain-hardening. Luders bands, which are groups of slip bands, appeared on the plate surface and were observed at the corresponding locations of the stripes in the MFIs. This shows that the fine deformation is nondestructively detected using the MFI.
- Published
- 1997
21. Thermal Test for Transporting Vitrified High Level Radioactive Waste
- Author
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O. Kato, H. Ohnuma, H. Yamakawa, and Y. Gomi
- Subjects
Maximum temperature ,Engineering ,Thermal test ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Thermal ,Neutron radiation ,Thermal analysis ,business ,Combustion ,Drop test ,High-level waste - Abstract
This paper describes a furnace thermal test (888°C, 30 min), and corresponding analysis on a transport packaging to be used for vitrified high level radioactive waste, following a 9 m drop test. The specimen packaging is a full-scale (100 t) hybrid packaging which has structural features of both the BNFL (UK) and COGEMA (France) corresponding packagings. A two-dimensional and an axi-symmetric model were used to represent and analyse the thermal features of the packaging and the combustion of the neutron shielding. It was observed that the maximum temperature during and after the test were both adequately below the regulatory design values and that fairly good agreement between the test results and analysis results was obtained, giving support to the thermal analysis methods.
- Published
- 1997
22. Multi-objective optimization for number of joints and lengths of multi-jointed robot arm
- Author
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H. Yamakawa and Hyeongjun Kim
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Optimization problem ,Dynamic problem ,Path (graph theory) ,Genetic algorithm ,Inverse ,Multi-objective optimization ,Measure (mathematics) ,Robotic arm ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this paper, we deal with optimization problems of the number of joints and lengths of multi-jointed rigid arms. We assume target points to yield a path by Spline function and formulate optimization problems with multiple loops to find optimum number of joints and lengths. The objective of the optimum problem can be taken among various functions. The optimal problem is formulated here by multi-objective functions minimizing driving energy and maximizing manipulability measure. It is a difficult problem to find the optimum number of joints and lengths of a multi-jointed rigid robot arm directly by mathematical programing. Then, we utilize an algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) in order to solve inverse dynamic problems and optimization problems. The obtained results are examined from many points of view.
- Published
- 2012
23. Investigation of a duopigatron ion source for He2+ ion production
- Author
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H. Yamakawa, S. Seki, Mikio Takai, and Agawa Yoshiaki
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Ion beam ,Hydrogen ,Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Ion current ,Ion gun ,Ion source ,Ion ,Ion beam deposition ,Electrode ,Atomic physics ,Instrumentation - Abstract
Use of multiply charged ions greatly develops the application of a single-ended electrostatic accelerator for RBS, MEIS and other ion beam analyses. Feasibility of a compact duopigatron, which has been considered to be suitable for generating multiply charged ions, was studied as an ion source for these purposes. At first we investigated proper electrode structure and operating conditions of the source for yielding Ar ions at higher charge states. Performance of the source for He 2+ production was studied by using 3 He gas instead of 4 He because 4 He 2+ ions could hardly be separated from H + 2 originating from the contaminant hydrogen with a 90° analyzing magnet. A mass-analyzed 3 He 2+ ion current of 270 nA was obtained at an extraction voltage of 20 kV. Typical RBS spectra have been observed showing feasibility of the 3 He 2+ ion beam. By 4 He 2+ ions, the spectra were significantly degraded by contaminant H 2 ions.
- Published
- 1994
24. Staff training and development programs
- Author
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Rosalyn Hantman, Phyllis H. Lewis, Jamie C. Cavalier, Allan H. Yamakawa, and William F. Waechter
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ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS ,Medical education ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Institutional investor ,Professional development ,Pedagogy ,Program Design Language ,business ,Training and development ,Psychology ,Staff training - Abstract
Training and development programs directed to staff represent an institutional investment in the skills and careers of nonacademic personnel.
- Published
- 1994
25. Trypsin-like protease of mites: purification and characterization of trypsin-like protease from mite faecal extract Dermatophagoides farinae. Relationship between trypsin-like protease and Der f III
- Author
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M. Iwaki, S. Ikeda, A Miyahara, R. Homma, Toru Ando, Michiko Haida, H Kimura, G Ito, H. Yamakawa, Matsunobu Suko, T. Yanagihara, Yasushi Okumura, Y. Ino, and Hirokazu Okudaira
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Guanidines ,Substrate Specificity ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immunology and Allergy ,Aprotinin ,Amino Acids ,Peptide sequence ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mites ,biology ,Serine Endopeptidases ,Temperature ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Middle Aged ,Chromatography, Ion Exchange ,Amino acid ,Biochemistry ,Chromatography, Gel ,Female ,Trypsin Inhibitors ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ,Adolescent ,Iodoacetic acid ,Trypsin inhibitor ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Immunology ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Arthropod Proteins ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Aged ,Serine protease ,Protease ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Allergens ,Antigens, Plant ,Benzamidines ,Molecular Weight ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Digestive System ,Sequence Alignment - Abstract
Summary A serine protease from mite faecal extract, Dermatophagoides farinae, was purified using DEAE-Sephacel anion exchange chromatography and Supcrdex 75 pg gel chromato-graphy. The molecular weight of this protease was 34 kD on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The optimal pH and temperature of the protease were 8-0 and 47 C, respectively. In addition, this protease cleaved arginyl or lysyl residue containing substrates selectively and was only inhibited by aprotinin, PUT-175, tind soy bean trypsin inhibitor and not by chymostatin, E-64 and iodoacetic acid. These results show that our purified serine protease belongs to the trypsin-type. Purified trypsin-like protease was shown to be allergenic by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antigeni-city of trypsin-like protease was completely different from those of Der f I and Der f II. Both, 20 N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid compositions of the purified protease were very similar to those of Der f III. Good similarities were found between trypsin-like protease and Der f III concerning physicochemical properties such as molecular weight on SDS-PAGE and ammonium sulphate solubility. Summarizing the above data, it can be concluded that a trypsin-like protease from mite faecal extract is actually the Der f III allergen and that it may be involved in the digestive process of the mite as it was found not in mite body but in mite faeces.
- Published
- 1993
26. In situ observation of the growth process of the InAsGaAs heteroepitaxial system using scanning microprobe reflection high energy electron diffraction-total reflection angle X-ray spectroscopy
- Author
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Shozo Ino, S. Shimizu, H. Yanagida, K. Yamamuro, K. Fuwa, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Total internal reflection ,X-ray spectroscopy ,Microprobe ,Reflection high-energy electron diffraction ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Metals and Alloys ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Optics ,Electron diffraction ,Materials Chemistry ,Reflection (physics) ,business ,Molecular beam epitaxy - Abstract
A scanning reflection electron microscopy-total reflection angle X-ray spectroscopy (SREMTRAXS) system has been newly developed for in situ monitoring of the crystal structure and the chemical composition of film surfaces during molecular beam epitaxy. In this system, the primary electron beam from the microprobe reflection high energy electron diffraction gun is focused on the sample down to below 1 μm in diameter. The SREM image and TRAXS image are simultaneously obtained by monitoring the diffraction spot intensity on the fluorescent screen and by detecting the X-rays emitted from the sample at the critical angle for total reflection respectively. The surfaces of InAs films on GaAs substrates grown under various conditions were observed in situ with this system. The take-off angle dependence of the characteristic X-ray intensity was closely related to the surface morphology of the grown film observed with this system.
- Published
- 1993
27. Evaluation of properties of aluminum films deposited using an ultrahigh vacuum sputtering system
- Author
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T. Kiyota, S. Toyoda, H. Yamakawa, and K. Tamagawa
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Analytical chemistry ,Crystal growth ,Partial pressure ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Grain size ,Grain growth ,Mechanics of Materials ,Impurity ,Sputtering ,General Materials Science ,Texture (crystalline) ,Thin film - Abstract
To explore the effects of residual impurity gases, such as H 2 O vapor and N 2 gas, in a sputtering environment on the crystallographic texture and grain sizes of Al-1%Si films, a quantitative study was carried out using an ultrahigh vacuum sputtering system. It was found that a small increase in the amount of H 2 O vapor in a sputtering environment reduced the growth of Al-Si film toward a (111) texture and also suppressed grain growth. In contrast, the residual N 2 gas has no indluence on the crystrallographic texture of the Al-Si film up to an N 2 partial pressure of 1.2 × 10 −3 Pa. These results indicate that a bakeable ultrahigh vacuum sputtering system with low-level residual H 2 O vapor is suitable for producing reliable aluminum interconnects.
- Published
- 1993
28. Refrigerator‐cooled bakeable‐type cryopump at 3 K for extremely high vacuum
- Author
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H. Ohzora, Y. Matsui, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Nuclear engineering ,Ultra-high vacuum ,Joule–Thomson effect ,Refrigerator car ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Thermodynamics ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Cryopump ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,Volume (thermodynamics) ,law ,Water cooling ,symbols ,Vacuum pump ,Helium - Abstract
A compact Joule–Thomson (JT) cooling system was adopted to a new type of cryopump which has three cryopanels. The refrigerator system is composed of a JT loop directly connected to the cryopanels and a Gifford–McMahon (GM) refrigerator for precooling. The cryopanels were cooled to the temperatures of 3, 20, and 80 K with circulating cold helium from the closed JT loop. We made an evaluation test of cooling and pumping capabilities and proved its potential capability for the production of extremely high vacuum. Connecting a test dome made of stainless steel to the pump, the volume has been evacuated to extremely low pressure less than 1×10−10 Pa in 11 h after vacuum bakeout.
- Published
- 1993
29. Production of extreme high vacuum using a new bakeable‐type cryopump with Gifford–McMahon refrigerators
- Author
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K. Yui, Y. Matsui, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Materials science ,Helium gas ,Nuclear engineering ,Ultra-high vacuum ,Refrigerator car ,Analytical chemistry ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Cryopump ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Abstract
When we evacuate a vacuum system with a usual cryopump, temperature of vacuum baking is limited to the value lower than that efficient to reduce the ultimate pressure sufficiently. Especially, a cryopump which can be baked at high temperature (∼200 °C) during regeneration has a potential for the production of extreme high vacuum. We have developed a new type of cryopump with Gifford–McMahon refrigerators which can be baked at such high temperature during regeneration. In order to keep the temperature of refrigerator heads below the maximum sustainable temperature 70 °C, the cryopanels are separated from refrigerators and are cooled with helium gas circulating from refrigerators. Using the new cryopump, an aluminum alloy test dome coated with TiN was pumped down to the pressure less than 1×10−10 Pa in a few days after 150 °C vacuum bakeout. The low pressure of extreme high vacuum could be kept at least for 25 d. Major constituents of the final residual gas were m/e=2 (H2 ) and m/e=28 (N2 and CO).
- Published
- 1991
30. Initial growth stage of InAs/GaAs studied by RHEED-TRAXS method
- Author
-
K. Fuwa, H. Yamakawa, Shozo Ino, J. Shigetomi, and S. Shimizu
- Subjects
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Crystal growth ,Island growth ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Refraction ,Molecular physics ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Optics ,Desorption ,Torr ,Monolayer ,Materials Chemistry ,business ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
RHEED-TRAXS (total reflection angle X-ray spectroscopy in RHEED experiments) technique has been focused on an observation of In desorption processes from GaAs(100) substrate surfaces. Results show that In desorption energy sensitively changes along with arsenic partial pressure, PAs4. Furthermore, at 3.0×10−8 Torr of PAs4, ITDS (isothermal desorption spectroscopy) curves have a refraction point below the In Lα line intensity corresponding to one monolayer of InAs. RHEED intensity measurements indicate that the refraction point corresponds to the change of the growth manner, i.e. a single layer growth occurs followed by three-dimensional island growth, the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode, at this PAs4. On the other hand, at 1.0×10−7 Torr of PAs4, InAs grows with the Volmer-Weber growth mode.
- Published
- 1991
31. Search for supermassive relics with a 2000-m2array of plastic track detectors
- Author
-
Kazuaki Anraku, H. Yamakawa, K. Ogura, M. Imori, K. Kuwahara, Mitsuaki Nozaki, T. Doke, H. Ichinose, H. Tawara, Shogo Nakamura, T. Yoshida, Toshikazu Suzuki, Makoto Sasaki, S. Orito, and Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Subjects
Nuclear physics ,Physics ,Particle physics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Order (ring theory) ,Direct search ,Track detectors ,Space radiation ,Charged particle - Abstract
A direct search has been made for supermassive relics (heavier than about ${10}^{12}$ GeV/${\mathit{c}}^{2}$) with a 2000-${\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ array of CR-39 track-etch detectors deployed underground for 2.1 yr. The nonobservation of penetrating tracks places a new upper limit for the velocity-dependent flux at 3.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}2}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ ${\mathrm{sr}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, for magnetic monopoles carrying various magnetic charges, for electrically charged relics, and strange matter. This flux limit corresponds to a limit on the relic abundance of order ${\mathit{n}}_{\mathit{x}}$/${\mathit{n}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$=${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}29}$ relative to the 3-K photons.
- Published
- 1991
32. A 500 keV ion accelerator with two types of ion source
- Author
-
T. Uchiyama, M. Takai, Susumu Namba, R. Fukui, H. Yamakawa, and Agawa Yoshiaki
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Ion beam deposition ,Ion beam ,Ion beam mixing ,Analytical chemistry ,Wafer ,High voltage ,Microbeam ,Atomic physics ,Instrumentation ,Ion source ,Ion - Abstract
A 500 keV ion accelerator system equipped with a DISKTRON high voltage generator and two types of ion source has been developed to provide ion beams for RBS analysis with microbeams and surface modification. H + and He + beams focused to less than 1 μm with a voltage stability of less than 10 −4 have been obtained in a microbeam line. P + As + and other heavy ion beams of sufficient intensity for surface modification are also obtained. Uniformities of P + and As + ions implanted into a 2 in. Si wafer were evaluated to be 1.5% and 1.2%, respectively.
- Published
- 1991
33. An asymptotic method applied to nonlinear systems with coupled deflection
- Author
-
Livija Cveticanin, O. Matsushita, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Imagination ,Chemical substance ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Differential equation ,Applied Mathematics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mathematical analysis ,Perturbation (astronomy) ,Nonlinear differential equations ,Amplitude ratio ,Vibration ,Nonlinear system ,Classical mechanics ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Signal Processing ,media_common ,Mathematics - Abstract
A new development in the Bogolubov-Mitropolski method for solving nonlinear differential equations of motion for systems with finite degrees of freedom with coupled deflection is presented. A function is introduced which takes into account the influence of small nonlinearities on the amplitude ratio and on the perturbation of the phase angle. The results obtained by the method for several systems of two bodies exhibiting coupled deflection are compared with results obtained by the classical Bogolubov-Mitropolski method and with exact solutions (where possible). The comparison illustrates and confirms the effectiveness of the method.
- Published
- 1991
34. The Japanese space gravitational wave antenna: DECIGO
- Author
-
S Kawamura, M Ando, T Nakamura, K Tsubono, T Tanaka, I Funaki, N Seto, K Numata, S Sato, K Ioka, N Kanda, T Takashima, K Agatsuma, T Akutsu, K-s Aoyanagi, K Arai, Y Arase, A Araya, H Asada, Y Aso, T Chiba, T Ebisuzaki, M Enoki, Y Eriguchi, M-K Fujimoto, R Fujita, M Fukushima, T Futamase, K Ganzu, T Harada, T Hashimoto, K Hayama, W Hikida, Y Himemoto, H Hirabayashi, T Hiramatsu, F-L Hong, H Horisawa, M Hosokawa, K Ichiki, T Ikegami, K T Inoue, K Ishidoshiro, H Ishihara, T Ishikawa, H Ishizaki, H Ito, Y Itoh, S Kamagasako, N Kawashima, F Kawazoe, H Kirihara, N Kishimoto, K Kiuchi, S Kobayashi, K Kohri, H Koizumi, Y Kojima, K Kokeyama, W Kokuyama, K Kotake, Y Kozai, H Kudoh, H Kunimori, H Kuninaka, K Kuroda, K-i Maeda, H Matsuhara, Y Mino, O Miyakawa, S Miyoki, M Y Morimoto, T Morioka, T Morisawa, S Moriwaki, S Mukohyama, M Musha, S Nagano, I Naito, N Nakagawa, K Nakamura, H Nakano, K Nakao, S Nakasuka, Y Nakayama, E Nishida, K Nishiyama, A Nishizawa, Y Niwa, M Ohashi, N Ohishi, M Ohkawa, A Okutomi, K Onozato, K Oohara, N Sago, M Saijo, M Sakagami, S-i Sakai, S Sakata, M Sasaki, T Sato, M Shibata, H Shinkai, K Somiya, H Sotani, N Sugiyama, Y Suwa, H Tagoshi, K Takahashi, T Takahashi, H Takahashi, R Takahashi, A Takamori, T Takano, K Taniguchi, A Taruya, H Tashiro, M Tokuda, M Tokunari, M Toyoshima, S Tsujikawa, Y Tsunesada, K-i Ueda, M Utashima, H Yamakawa, K Yamamoto, T Yamazaki, J Yokoyama, C-M Yoo, S Yoshida, and T Yoshino
- Subjects
Physics ,History ,Physics::General Physics ,Gravitational-wave observatory ,Gravitational wave ,Dark matter ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Michelson interferometer ,Astronomy ,Gravitational-wave astronomy ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,law.invention ,Interferometry ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,law ,Astronomical interferometer ,Antenna (radio) - Abstract
著者人数:135名, 資料番号: SA1001878000
- Published
- 2008
35. The survival of whole and bisected rabbit morulae after cryopreservation by the vitrification method
- Author
-
Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Shyoso Ogawa, H. Yamakawa, H. Nagashima, and Y. Kato
- Subjects
animal structures ,Cryoprotectant ,Equine ,Anatomy ,Straw ,Liquid nitrogen ,Cryopreservation ,Dilution ,Andrology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Food Animals ,chemistry ,embryonic structures ,medicine ,Glycerol ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Vitrification ,Blastocyst ,Small Animals - Abstract
The survival of whole and bisected rabbit morulae cryopreserved by the vitrification method was investigated. The embryos were loaded in a column of vitrification solution (VS, a mixture of 25% glycerol and 25% 1, 2-propanediol in PBS+16% calf serum), which was located between two columns of 1 M sucrose solution in a plastic straw. The embryos were frozen by being plunged into liquid nitrogen and thawed in a water bath at 20 degrees C. Two methods of loading embryos into straws were used: the single and double column vitrification solution methods. The embryonic survival rates between these two methods were compared. Seventy-one (86.6%) out of 82 morulae vitrified in double column straws developed into the blastocyst stage in vitro. Eleven (18.3%) live fetuses were obtained after the transfer of 60 frozen-thawed morulae to four recipients. By contrast, the survival rate (36.5%, 27 74 ) of embryos vitrified in the single column straws was significantly lower (P
- Published
- 1990
36. Electromagnetic disturbances of control circuits in power stations and substations experienced in Japan
- Author
-
Hideki Motoyama, Akihiro Ametani, K. Ohkawara, H. Yamakawa, and N. Suga
- Subjects
Engineering ,Power station ,business.industry ,Control (management) ,Electrical engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Control circuit ,Reliability engineering ,law.invention ,Electric power system ,Electric power transmission ,Control and Systems Engineering ,law ,Power electronics ,Electrical network ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Surge ,business ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
This study has summarised electromagnetic disturbances of control circuits in power stations and substations experienced in Japan for ten years from 1990. Altogether 330 disturbances informed from Japanese utilities are classified by disturbed equipments and causes, and the surge incoming routes and the characteristics of the disturbances are investigated. Also, case studies are demonstrated. Finally, the influence of the disturbances to power system operation, countermeasures carried out and costs are presented.
- Published
- 2007
37. Case studies on electromagnetic disturbances of control circuits in power stations and substations experienced in Japan
- Author
-
K. Ohkawara, N. Suga, H. Yamakawa, Hideki Motoyama, and Akihiro Ametani
- Subjects
Engineering ,Electric power transmission ,Power station ,business.industry ,Control (management) ,Electrical engineering ,Electronic engineering ,business ,Voltage ,Electronic circuit - Abstract
This paper has presented case studies on electromagnetic disturbances of control circuits in power stations and substations experienced in Japan as a part of a companion paper summarizing the disturbed equipments, the causes and the influences of the disturbances. Cases of the disturbances are demonstrated and the detail of each case is explained. Also a brief explanation has been given in Appendix for Japanese Electrotechnical Commission standard JEC-0103-2004 for test voltages of control circuits which was based on the experiences of disturbances presented in this paper and a companion paper.
- Published
- 2007
38. High Performance Thermoplastic Aramid Elastomers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
- Author
-
H Miyata and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Aramid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Thermoplastic ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Composite material ,Thermoplastic elastomer ,Elastomer - Published
- 2006
39. A new front-end signal-processing LSI for HD DVD
- Author
-
M. Yonezawa, H. Yamakawa, K. Hijikata, T. Kaneshige, Y. Ishizawa, and A. Takeda
- Subjects
Partial-response maximum-likelihood ,Front and back ends ,Signal processing ,High-definition television ,business.industry ,DVD player ,Computer science ,Servo control ,Electronic engineering ,business ,Chip ,Optical disc ,Computer hardware - Abstract
This work presents a front-end LSI using 0.13 /spl mu/m-process developed for HD DVD disc drives. HD DVD is a recently proposed format for optical discs, in which a blue laser is adopted and high-density recording of over 15 GB per side is achieved. The LSI chip consists of 3 subsystems: partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) read channel subsystem, servo control subsystem and memory control subsystem. Using this LSI, we have also developed a HD DVD player and verified the performance to be sufficient for high-definition movies or other content. The ability to play back high-definition quality movies proves the basic potential of this LSI.
- Published
- 2005
40. PERD: partial error response detection
- Author
-
Takushi Nishiya and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Computer science ,Detector ,Code (cryptography) ,Waveform ,Detection theory ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Error detection and correction ,Algorithm ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Communication channel - Abstract
Extended Partial Response Maximum Likelihood (EPRML) detection outperforms PRML detection on very high-density magnetic recording channels but is much more complex than PRML and is difficult to implement for high data rates. PERD is an alternative to the EPRML detector which gives even better performance. It consists of a conventional PRML detector and a pattern discrimination circuit operating on the error waveform between the waveform estimated from the PRML outputs and the actual playback waveform. A bit-by-bit simulation confirms the expected performance gains over PRML detection.
- Published
- 1995
41. Yttria stabilized zirconia thin film prepared by RF magnetron sputtering method
- Author
-
Kiichi Kamimura, T. Tomura, Yoshiharu Onuma, H. Yamakawa, and K. Kunugi
- Subjects
Crystallinity ,Materials science ,Analytical chemistry ,Cubic zirconia ,Dielectric ,Substrate (electronics) ,Thin film ,Sputter deposition ,Layer (electronics) ,Yttria-stabilized zirconia - Abstract
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films were obtained by RF magnetron sputtering using sintered YSZ targets. Three types of target were used in order to investigate the effect of the amount of Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/. These contained 3, 9, and 20 mol.% Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/ as the stabilizer. The effects of preparation conditions and the physical and electrical properties were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis, I-V measurement of an MOS structure fabricated by evaporating Al electrode on YSZ film in Si, and measurements of photoabsorption characteristics. Crystallinity of the sputtered layer depended on the substrate temperature. For substrate temperatures above 300 degrees C, polycrystalline YSZ film was obtained. The phase of the film was dominated by the amount of doped Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in the target. The dielectric constant and optical energy gap were found to be 24.5 approximately 28.6 and approximately 4.4 eV, respectively. Using the YSZ film as a buffer layer on an alumina substrate, superconducting properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O were observed. The gas-sensitive properties of the films were confirmed. >
- Published
- 2003
42. Multi-sensor fusion model for constructing internal representation using autoencoder neural networks
- Author
-
Y. Yaginuma, T. Kimoto, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Computer science ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Representation (systemics) ,Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition ,Pattern recognition ,Object (computer science) ,Sensor fusion ,Autoencoder ,Electronic mail ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Data compression - Abstract
In this paper, we propose a multi-sensor fusion model using an autoencoder neural network for 3D object recognition, which fuses multiple sensory data to integrate its internal object representation. This model was evaluated using camera images from many viewpoints on a hemisphere around the target. Three images were generated from one camera image by hue and saturation value clusters. After learning the target's images from many viewpoints in an autoencoder neural network, the continuous internal representations which correspond to viewpoints, were constructed in a compress layer of the autoencoder neural network. We found that the internal representation is generalized about the viewpoints which were not in the training sets of the target. The average of the squared errors of the autoencoder neural network is about three times higher when the compared object is unknown than when the object has already been taught as the target but not the learning point. Results of the experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model to 3D object recognition.
- Published
- 2002
43. Stability and stabilization of a deployable flexible structure
- Author
-
Hong-Hua Zhang, Y. Morita, H. Yamakawa, H. Morita, and H. Matsuo
- Subjects
Vibration ,Engineering ,Control theory ,business.industry ,Vibration control ,Phase (waves) ,Boundary (topology) ,Robust control ,Rotation ,business ,Stability (probability) ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
This paper deals with stability and stabilization of a deployable flexible beam. It is proved that the motion of the structure is basically stable in the station-keeping phase and deploying phase, but unstable in the retracting phase, if there is no control for it. Boundary controllers are proposed for the structure, which may dissipate the unwanted vibration and rotation energy of the structure, thus stabilize the structure during all the motion phases.
- Published
- 2002
44. Development of a hand-to-hand robot based on agent network
- Author
-
T. Suehiro, H. Takahashi, and H. Yamakawa
- Subjects
Engineering ,Personal robot ,Ubiquitous robot ,Social robot ,business.industry ,Control engineering ,Mobile robot ,Robot learning ,Robot control ,Computer Science::Robotics ,Computer Science::Multiagent Systems ,Software agent ,Robot ,business - Abstract
This paper proposes the concept of "agent networks" to realize flexible and unified integration of multi-agent intelligent robot systems. As an example, we developed a hand-to-hand robot on the agent network. Its robust and flexible behaviour proved the effectiveness of the method.
- Published
- 2002
45. Performance improvement of metal gate CMOS technologies
- Author
-
H. Yamakawa, Atsushi Azuma, Yoshiaki Toyoshima, and S. Matsuda
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Gate dielectric ,Electrical engineering ,Time-dependent gate oxide breakdown ,Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY ,CMOS ,Hardware_GENERAL ,Gate oxide ,Logic gate ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,Inverter ,Optoelectronics ,Metal gate ,business ,Gate equivalent ,Hardware_LOGICDESIGN - Abstract
Metal gate CMOS technologies for high speed applications were investigated using the damascene metal gate process (Yagishita et al., 1999). We demonstrated the performance improvement by no gate depletion effect in the metal gate using actual devices. Ti/W was used as a single work function metal gate material and ultra shallow buried channel profile was formed for threshold voltage control. The self-aligned channel structure effectively reduces source/drain junction capacitance. An extremely good metal/SiO/sub 2/ interface with the CVD-TiN gate stack realizes intrinsic channel mobility. The propagation delay time of a CMOS inverter ring oscillator was 20 ps, and projected next generation performance would be better due to the improved technologies.
- Published
- 2002
46. Cerebral ischemic complications following intracranial bleeding in patients with moyamoya disease--three case reports
- Author
-
T, Iwama, Y, Kotani, H, Yamakawa, I, Nagata, N, Hashimoto, and N, Sakai
- Subjects
Diagnostic Imaging ,Male ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Revascularization ,Cerebral Infarction ,Middle Aged ,Brain Ischemia ,Cerebral Ventricles ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Fatal Outcome ,Humans ,Female ,Moyamoya Disease ,Child ,Cerebral Hemorrhage - Abstract
Three patients with bleeding-type moyamoya disease suffered ischemic complications following their first episode of intracranial bleeding. The patients presented with intraventricular hemorrhage and suffered cerebral infarction on the 14th, 16th, and 11th days after the ictus, respectively. The clinical records revealed no obvious hypotension before progression to infarction and suggested that dehydration accelerated by the administration of hyperosmotic drugs was a contributing factor to the infarction. Two patients underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomoses in the chronic stages and have never experienced further ischemic complications. The other patient died despite receiving intensive care. Hemodynamic reserve may be severely impaired in patients with bleeding-type moyamoya disease. Adequate control of hydration is important to prevent cerebral infarction after intracranial bleeding in patients with moyamoya disease.
- Published
- 2001
47. Transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally regulated response of 13 calmodulin genes to tobacco mosaic virus-induced cell death and wounding in tobacco plant
- Author
-
H, Yamakawa, I, Mitsuhara, N, Ito, S, Seo, H, Kamada, and Y, Ohashi
- Subjects
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ,Cyclopentanes ,Acetates ,Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ,Genes, Plant ,Acetylcysteine ,Plant Leaves ,Tobacco Mosaic Virus ,Cysteine Endopeptidases ,Plants, Toxic ,Calmodulin ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Multienzyme Complexes ,Tobacco ,Protein Isoforms ,Tissue Distribution ,Oxylipins ,Cloning, Molecular ,RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ,Salicylic Acid ,Plant Diseases ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
We isolated 13 tobacco calmodulin (CaM) genes, NtCaM1-13, and analyzed their expression profile in response to pathogen infection and wounding using specific DNA probes for individual CaM genes and specific antibodies for CaM proteins in groups I (NtCaM1/2), II (NtCaM3/4/5/6/7/8/11/12 and 9/10) and III (NtCaM13), respectively. Synchronous cell death in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-infected N-gene-containing tobacco leaves accompanied a predominant accumulation of NtCaM1, 2 and 13 transcripts and NtCaM13-type protein, which is a possible ortholog of soybean defense-involved CaM (SCaM-4), preceding induction of PR-1 and PR-3 defense genes. Accumulation of NtCaM1, 2, 3 and 4 transcripts was induced within 30 min after wounding and NtCaM1-type protein accumulated transiently after wounding. NtCaM13-type protein, which was found at a low level in healthy leaves, decreased instantly after wounding. The treatment with a proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin, enhanced wound-induced accumulation of NtCaM1-type protein and inhibited wound-induced decrease of NtCaM13-type protein, suggesting that proteasome activity is involved in the degradation of these CaMs. Thus, our results indicate that levels of individual CaM proteins are differentially regulated both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally in tobacco plants that are exposed to stresses such as pathogen-induced hypersensitive cell death and wounding.
- Published
- 2001
48. Expression of procollagen alpha 1 type III mRNA in rotator cuff tears
- Author
-
A, Tomonaga, K, Hamada, M, Gotoh, H, Yamakawa, K, Kobayashi, and H, Fukuda
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Rupture ,Shoulder Joint ,Synovial Membrane ,Bursa, Synovial ,Middle Aged ,Rotator Cuff Injuries ,Rotator Cuff ,Tendon Injuries ,Humans ,Female ,Postoperative Period ,RNA, Messenger ,In Situ Hybridization ,Procollagen ,Aged - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among expression of procollagen alpha 1 type III mRNA, subacromial adhesion, and limited shoulder elevation in rotator cuff tears. Procollagen alpha 1 type III mRNA was analyzed in the torn supraspinatus tendons and synovial tissue of 42 patients with rotator cuff tears. As a control, four normal supraspinatus tendons of patients who had undergone shoulder surgery other than rotator cuff repair served as controls. Cells stained positively for procollagen alpha 1 type III mRNA were more abundant in the adhesive synovium of the subacromial bursa and in the torn supraspinatus tendons than in controls. Patients with complete-thickness tears who had undergone surgery less than 10 months after trauma were found to have more signal-positive cells than those later than 10 months. We conclude that the adhesive synovium of the subacromial bursa contains abundant cells stained positively for procollagen alpha 1 type III mRNA. We suggest that the production of type III collagen by these cells could contribute to the limitation of shoulder motion in patients with rotator cuff tears, and recommend release and excision of the excess adhesive synovium during rotator cuff surgery.
- Published
- 2001
49. Gene expression of procollagen alpha 1 (I) and alpha 1 (III) in partial-thickness tears of the deep pectoral tendon in chickens
- Author
-
H, Yamakawa, K, Hamada, M, Gotoh, K, Kobayashi, M, Nakamura, K, Tamaoki, and H, Fukuda
- Subjects
Rupture ,Rotator Cuff ,Tendon Injuries ,Synovial Membrane ,Animals ,Gene Expression ,RNA, Messenger ,Chickens ,Procollagen ,Rotator Cuff Injuries - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing process of partial-thickness tears of the deep pectoral tendon in chickens which is considered to be equivalent to the human rotator cuff. The superior side (bursal-side) and the inferior side (joint-side) layers of the deep pectoral tendon of 80 adult chickens were lacerated in the same manner. The mRNA expression levels of alpha 1 (I) and alpha 1 (III) procollagen was at a level 2 weeks after laceration. The mRNA expression level of procollagen alpha 1 (I) was significantly higher than that of procollagen alpha 1 (III) in all experimental periods (p0.05). The expression levels of procollagen-mRNAs were constitutively higher in bursal-side tears than in joint-side tears throughout the experimental periods (p0.05), even 52nd weeks after laceration. These observations indicate that the bursal-side layer possesses higher healing ability than the joint-side layer in the chicken's deep pectoral tendon where subacromial impingement is absent, and that the remodeling of partial-thickness tears in chicken models needs more than one year.
- Published
- 2001
50. Perforation of rotator cuff increases interleukin 1beta production in the synovium of glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff diseases
- Author
-
M, Gotoh, K, Hamada, H, Yamakawa, M, Nakamura, H, Yamazaki, Y, Ueyama, N, Tamaoki, A, Inoue, and H, Fukuda
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Rupture, Spontaneous ,Synovial Membrane ,Receptors, Interleukin-1 ,Middle Aged ,Rotator Cuff ,Humans ,Female ,RNA, Messenger ,Joint Diseases ,Aged ,Interleukin-1 - Abstract
To study the hypothesis that perforation of the rotator cuff increases the degree of inflammation in the synovium of the glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff diseases.Thirty-five synovial specimens in the glenohumeral joint of patients with rotator cuff diseases were examined. They were obtained during surgery and divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence or absence of rotator cuff perforation, i.e., perforating and nonperforating tears. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokine mRNA of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and 2 forms (secreted type and intracellular type) of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein level of IL-1beta was determined by Western blot analysis. IL-1beta producing cells were also identified by in situ RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.In perforating tears cytokine mRNA in the glenohumeral synovium was more significantly expressed than in nonperforating tears. Also, higher levels of IL-1beta protein were detected in perforating tears.Perforation of the rotator cuff increases IL-1beta production in the glenohumeral joint, enhancing inflammatory intensity at the site. These findings suggest the possibility that glenohumeral synovitis in rotator cuff diseases may be a factor for the development of glenohumeral arthropathy.
- Published
- 2000
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