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Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the natural recognition of pathogens and subsequent activation of adaptive immune responses due to their potent antigen-presenting ability. Dendritic cell-targeting peptide (DCpep) is strongly targeted to DCs, which often express antigens, to enhance the efficacy of vaccines. Our previous study showed that recombinantLactobacillusexpressing human DCpep could significantly induce stronger immune responses than recombinantLactobacilluswithout DCpep, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the mechanism by which DCpep enhances the immune response against recombinantLactobacilluswas explored. Fluorescence-labeled human DCpep was synthesized to evaluate the binding ability of human DCpep to porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) and DCs of the small intestine. The effects of Mo-DC function induced by recombinantLactobacillusexpressing human DCpep fused with the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) core neutralizing epitope (COE) antigen were also investigated. The results showed that human DCpep bind to porcine DCs, but not to porcine small intestinal epithelial cells. Human DCpep can also improve the capture efficiency of recombinantLactobacillusby Mo-DCs, promote the maturation of dendritic cells, secrete more cytokines, and enhance the ability of porcine DCs to activate T-cell proliferation. Taken together, these results promote advanced understanding of the mechanism by which DCpep enhances immune responses. We found that some DCpeps are conserved between humans and pigs, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of a DC-targeted vaccine.

Sidewall radiant heating creates a non-uniform thermal environment. In office buildings, it is important to know how to supply fresh air to reduce radiant asymmetry without causing draft. As a solution, diffuse ceiling ventilation (DCV) is used to supply fresh air into a sidewall radiant heated room. 20 subjects (10 males and 10 females) were recruited and subjective assessments were obtained. The results show that under the influence of sidewall radiant heating, there are differences in the subjects’ requirements for airflow and wall temperature on both body sides. Skin temperature and thermal sensation of the same body parts decrease differently when the subjects move away from the radiant heating panels, especially in forearms, shanks and feet. DCV airflow with low supply momentum interacts with thermal plume formed by radiant heating panels.

Remanufacturing can bring substantial environmental benefits by reducing process consumption and resource waste. It has been proved to play an essential role in solving environmental pollution and waste of resources. In the machinery industry with excessive resource consumption, a large number of retired products will be produced during industrial transformation and upgrading. Therefore, remanufacturing and reuse are vital to clean production. Current remanufacturing studies mainly aim at structural recovery and performance improvement, which fail to systematically study the growth laws and generalized reuse features of retired mechanical products. The growth law of retired products is analyzed based on structural and failure features. Therefore, this study will focus on how to establish an appropriate generalized growth decision scheme based on product structure and failure features. Firstly, based on the theory of polychromatic sets, this paper analyzes the failure features of various parts of retired mechanical products and establishes a cascaded failure network according to the product hierarchy. Secondly, through the combination of three-way decision and the technologies for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), the generalized growth mode of each component is determined step by step from the bottom, and the generalized growth decision is made from the top. Finally, through the research on the generalized remanufacturing of the first stage gearbox, the generalized growth level of the gearbox is the top-level component level. It reduces the waste of resources and energy consumption caused by the traditional unified part level material recycling, and conforms to the actual production, and verifies the feasibility of the generalized growth features and remanufacturing decision-making scheme, which has excellent guiding significance.