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Problem statement: We believe that new sports are just as effective for developing physical fitness as well as well-established sports. These are practiced by young people because they are more spectacular, easy to practice and fun. This study consists of an experiment done with students for a period of 7 months, between October 2016 and April 2017, in some gyms from Cluj-Napoca. The intervention program consisted of carrying out programs from the following disciplines: Breakdance, Capoeira, Kangoo Jumps and Free running.Study hypothesis: We’ve started this study supposing that by applying these training programs specific to Breakdance, Kangoo Jumps, Free running and Capoeira, the participating subjects in the experiment will improve their speed, pace, thrust, general coordination, dynamic balance, joint mobility and muscle elasticity.References: With this paper, we try to make a contribution to the development and dissemination of these four emerging new sports in Romania. We want to achieve this goal by scientifically proving how they help improve the speed of movement, rhythm, thrust, dynamic balance, overall coordination and mobility. Research design: Two groups took part in our research: one who participated in the experiment and the control group. The dependent variable is represented in our experiment by the subjects and their level of physical condition considering the speed of movement, rhythm, thrust, general coordination, dynamic balance and mobility. For each discipline, there were 6 subjects: 3 boys and 3 girls aged between 15-25 years old. In our case, the independent variable is the training program applied to the subjects. The training consisted of 3 sessions/week of 90 minutes for Breakdance; 3 sessions/week of 60 minutes for Kangoo Jumps; 3 sessions/week of 120 minutes for Free running; 3 sessions/week of 90 minutes for Capoeira. Conclusions: After 7 months of research, documentation, creation and measurement, we came to the conclusion that our hypothesis was confirmed. The newly emerging disciplines contributed significantly to improving the speed of movement, rhythm, thrust, general coordination, dynamic balance and mobility. Not in all cases the improvement was significant.

This study determines whether mental training, by applying specific techniques that influence certain psychological factors, is able to optimise performance in biathlon ski. The aim of this study is to modify dysfunctional negative emotions during competition and reduce stress and anxiety at biathlon skiing through mental training. The experimental series comprised 2 x 15 skiers from two clubs. The EmWave2device is used, which gives bio-feedback about the physiological indicators of the body, taking into account three levels of consistency such as low LH, medium MH and high HH. These were observed as: Group I – statistically high significant differences between at least two levels (p < 0.01) and Group II – intense statistically significant differences between at least two levels (p < 0.001). The test scores show that applying mental training lowers anxiety technique issues. The statistical differences observed between the two groups were intensely significant (p < 0.001). Keywords: Skiing - biathlon, stress, anxiety, cardiac rhythm, sport performance.

The pupose of the study is to determine the effects of applying mental training techniques in alpine skiers aged 12 ± 6 and19± 2. It is to determine whether by applying mental training techniques certain psychological factors able to influence performance optimization in alpine skiing can be modified. The experimental series comprised 20 skiers, from the clubs CSS Gheorgheni (HR), CSS Baia – Sprie (MM), and FEFS students. The control series comprising 20 skiers, from the clubs CSM Gheorgheni (HR), CSS Sibiu (SB), CS Corona Brasov (BV), CSS Sinaia (PH), CSS Petroșani (HD), CSS Toplița (HR), CS MiercureaCiuc (CV), Crazy – Byke (SB). Psychological tests for attention (MA- focused, AP2 – perceptual attention, AD – distributed),EMAS S – state of anxiety, PDE – emotional distress were used as data collection tools and The Jacobson S., Bandler R.&Thomson G tests were used. We used SPSS for statistical analysis. Findings reveal that by using mental training techniques through imagery and NLP techniques, we managed to improve performance on the level of visual, auditory and kinaesthetic acuity, as well as the level of perceptual attention (AP2). Findings show that the application of mental training techniquesleads to lower anxiety issues (EMAS) and emotional distress (PDE) in skiers’ behaviour. Performance in alpine skiers can be improved by increasing perceptual attention, following the stimulation of visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic channel in alpine skiers.Keywords: Mental training, Alpine skiing, training, imagery, neuro-linguistic programming, sport performance.

The pupose of the study is to determine the effects of applying mental training techniques in alpine skiers aged 12 ± 6 and19± 2. It is to determine whether by applying mental training techniques certain psychological factors able to influence performance optimization in alpine skiing can be modified. The experimental series comprised 20 skiers, from the clubs CSS Gheorgheni (HR), CSS Baia – Sprie (MM), and FEFS students. The control series comprising 20 skiers, from the clubs CSM Gheorgheni (HR), CSS Sibiu (SB), CS Corona Brasov (BV), CSS Sinaia (PH), CSS Petroșani (HD), CSS Toplița (HR), CS MiercureaCiuc (CV), Crazy – Byke (SB). Psychological tests for attention (MA- focused, AP2 – perceptual attention, AD – distributed),EMAS S – state of anxiety, PDE – emotional distress were used as data collection tools and The Jacobson S., Bandler R.&Thomson G tests were used. We used SPSS for statistical analysis. Findings reveal that by using mental training techniques through imagery and NLP techniques, we managed to improve performance on the level of visual, auditory and kinaesthetic acuity, as well as the level of perceptual attention (AP2). Findings show that the application of mental training techniquesleads to lower anxiety issues (EMAS) and emotional distress (PDE) in skiers’ behaviour. Performance in alpine skiers can be improved by increasing perceptual attention, following the stimulation of visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic channel in alpine skiers.Keywords: Mental training, Alpine skiing, training, imagery, neuro-linguistic programming, sport performance.

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of mental training on the increase in attention and manual response in certain athletes (skiers). The subjects within are samples are aged 12±5 and 16±1. The athletes who participated in this study are part of ski groups within School sports clubs. The experimental group comprises athletes from Gheorgheni, Baia-Sprie, while the control group includes of athletes from Topliţa, Sibiu, Predeal and Sinaia. We applied the ACRM (focused attention with manual response) test, because it provides information on the ability of remaining focused during activities with imposed pace and with dynamic field of observations. We conducted these tests after applying certain mental training techniques in the experimental group and after comparing the scores with those obtained by the control group. For the analysis, we used the SPSS 15.0 software. For the comparison of means between the groups of subjects, we applied ANOVA for the VP, EP and EX posttest measurements. The purpose was to determine whether the two groups have similar scores before the intervention. We applied mental imagery techniques on certain components of alpine skiing technique, based on hand-eye coordination. We also calculated a t test for dependent samples for VP, EP and EX, in posttest, to the end of establishing whether the intervention led to any alterations. The means and standard deviation for VP are as follows: for the control group 10.00±6.04 and for the experimental group 4.04±3.85; for EP test, the values for control group are 18.54±9.12 and for the experimental group 9.83±4.40; EX – the values obtained for the control group 0.86±0.07 and for the experimental group 0.92±0.05. The values for (t) Student Test were the following: for VP t=4.074, p

Problem statement: The purpose of this research is to show that the implementation of mental training techniques improves the performance in alpine skiing. Scientific originality is determined by the adaptation and implementation of a mental training program for skiers of 12-19 years, children, small and big juniors, consisting in a complex technique and psychological preparation program, during three competition years (October 2012 March 2015). Aim: The goal of this research is to identify certain psychological factors that will help along with the relevant physical ones in obtaining skier’s performance behaviour and achieving sport performance; especially to increase in the capacity of motor coordination and reactivity response in certain alpine skiers. Practical value of the paper is characterised by the development of an experimental model that includes the way in which the structure is implemented and the development of the program’s content in ski sport training, accomplishment of all the required techniques and enhancement in the technique of mountain ski descending, in both series. Conclusions: The difference between the results is due to our intervention consisting in applying mental imagery in the most important technical elements within alpine skiing. In order to teach athletes certain skills to control their own study behaviour, one needs knowledge and abilities concerning the processes and mechanisms that play a direct role in personal management. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.uk

The aims of this study: to improve the behavior of athletes, followed by modified dysfunctional negative emotions during competition, reducing stress and anxiety in biathlon skiing, through mental training. Problem Statement: first testing took place during February: 2015 and second in February 2016. 20 Subjects were aged of 15.05 years for subjects in group I and 20 subjects 15.49 years for subjects in group II. Purpose of Studyto determine whether mental training by applying specific techniques may influence certain psychological factors optimizing performance in biathlon ski. Methods: we used a device EmWave2, which is actually a bio-feedback which give us information about physiological indicators of body: heart rate. The system has three levels of consistency: low (red), medium (blue), high (green). Findings and Results: the normal distribution Shapiro-Wilk test was used. For data with normal distribution was used the t test (Student) and Mann-Whitney (U) were used. For two samples, unpaired or Wilcoxon for two samples pairs. For the analysis of three or more samples ANOVA test was used for normally distributed data or the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, in the case of an uneven distribution of values ​​or rank. Conclusions and Recommendations: Analyzing the values of ​​mean heart rate (FC average) recorded with EmWave2 test, statistical intensely differences were observed between the two groups (p 0.001). Analyzing the time values using the EmWave2 test, statistically highly significant differences were observed between the two groups (p 0.01).

Problem statement: This study aims to show the correlation between anxiety and emotional distress and the different types of attention in juniors’ ski performance, age 11 to 15 years, from Romania. This experimental study is part of a large research on introducing the neurolinguistic programming techniques in training, as well as mental training techniques and its effects, to increase the performance. Purpose We studied the rapport and correlation between focusing the attention and anxiety. The main objective of mental training through neurolinguistic techniques is to support individual and group sporting activities in any situation (e.g., workout or competition) to increase performance capacity. We also wantedto finddataprocessinggenderdifferences, which werecalculated utilizingthe t -testfor independent samples. Methods We applied the following tests in the competition days in control group and experimental group: EMAS for testing the anxiety, PDE for emotional distress, MA for focusing the attention, AP2 for observational sense, and AD for distributive attention. The statistical analysisof datawas performed utilizing SPSS.Findings and results: The results show the profile of all the skiers who participated innational championshipsports clubsin terms ofspecificanxiety,emotional distress, and variousmanifestations ofattention. These results willdetermine howwe will applythe mental trainingtechniquesforathletes in experimental groups,respectivelyneurolinguisticprogrammingspecific toeach sport. It will also help us toapplycertain techniquesdifferentlyby gender.