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Background: The purpose of the present study was to detect Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) using RT-PCR in patients with complete and partial edentulism before (T0) and three months after (T3) treatment with removable partial dentures (RPD) and complete dentures (CD), respectively, to compare the data between these two research groups. Methods and Results: The sample comprised 60 patients: 33 men and 27 women, aged 48 to 76 years. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 30 patients with partial edentulism who were treated with RPD. Group 2 included 30 patients with complete edentulism who were treated with CD. The samples from Group 1 were taken from the gingival sulcus of the abutment teeth by means of sterile paper points. For Group 2, the samples were taken with a sterile swab from the dorsum of the tongue. The samples were taken in T0 and T3 intervals. To detect Aa DNA, we used RT-PCR and ParodontoScreen REAL-TIME PCR Detection Kit (DNA-TECHNOLOGY). Bacterial load levels of species were conventionally represented in logarithm (Lg) of genome equivalents per sample. The results were also presented in three ranges depending on the level of bacterial load: normal (< 4.0Lg), light/moderate (≥4.0 Lg), and severe (>5.0 Lg). The study found a significant difference in the amount of Aa between the T0 and T3 intervals only in patients treated with RPD (0.871.58 Lg vs. 1.28 1.96 Lg, P=0.004). Patients treated with CD, however, did not differ significantly in the amount of Aa between the T0 and T3 intervals (0.030.16 Lg vs. 0). The average bacterial load in patients with RPD was significantly higher than in those with CD three months after treatment (P=0.02) (Table 2). The range of bacterial load levels in the groups is presented in Table 3. Of the 30 patients with RPD, 2(6.7%) had a severe range, 2(6.7%) had a mild/moderate range, and 26(86.7%) had a normal range. The 30 CD patients all had a normal range. There was no significant difference in the prevalence range of bacterial load level with Aa between groups (Fisher's Exact Test = 3.537, P=0.113) / Monte Carlo Sig. (2-sided) / 0.105–0.121). However, in general, RPD causes a significant increase in Aa, so the level of periodontal pathogens may be higher in RPD patients than in CD patients.

Background: ETT are widely considered to be more susceptible to fracture than vital teeth and require specialized restorative treatment. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the fracture resistance (FR) of Endodontically treated teeth (ETT) restored with cast metal posts (CMP) and zirconia posts (ZP) with Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Methods and Results: A total of 60 intact canines extracted for periodontal reasons were selected for the present study. The tooth samples were randomly divided into 2 groups based on the post type used for restoration. Group 1 tooth samples (n=30) were restored with CMP. Group 2 tooth samples (n-30) were restored with ZP. All the samples were subjected to compressive load using a UTM at a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min on the palatal slope at an angle of 135° to the long axis of the tooth. The maximum load necessary to fracture for each specimen was measured in Newtons (N). The results obtained showed that the difference in FR means between CMP and ZP was statistically significant (P

Objective This pilot study aimed to evaluate red-complex bacteria (RCB) loads in edentulous patients, before and after dentures’ insertion. Materials and methods Thirty patients were included in the study. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from bacterial samples were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue before and 3 months after complete dentures (CDs) insertion in order to identify the presence of RCB (Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola) and quantify their loads, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bacterial loads were represented as “Lg (genome equivalents/sample)” and the data classified according to the “ParodontoScreen” test. Results Significant changes in bacterial loads were observed before and 3 months after the CDs insertion for: P. gingivalis (0.40 ± 0.90 vs 1.29 ± 1.64, p = 0.0007), T. forsythia (0.36 ±0.94 vs 0.87 ± 1.45, p = 0.005), and T. denticola (0.11 ± 0.41 vs 0.33 ± 0.75, p = 0.03). Before the CDs insertion, all patients had a normal bacterial prevalence range (100%) for all analyzed bacteria. Three months after the insertion, 2 (6.7%) of them had a moderate bacterial prevalence range for P. gingivalis, while 28 (93.3%) had a normal bacterial prevalence range. Conclusion The use of CDs has a significant impact on increasing RCB loads in edentulous patients.

Objective To evaluate red-complex bacteria (RCB) loads in edentulous patients, before and after dentures’ insertion. Materials and Methods Thirty patients were included in the study. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from bacterial samples were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue before and 3 months after complete dentures (CDs) insertion in order to identify the presence of RCB (Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola) and quantify their loads, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bacterial loads were represented as “Lg (genome equivalents/sample)” and the data classified according to the “ParodontoScreen” test. Results Significant changes in bacterial loads were observed before and 3 months after the CDs insertion for Porphyromonas gingivalis (0.40 ±0.90 vs 1.29 ±1.64, p = 0.0007), Tannerella forsythia (0.36 ±0.94 vs 0.87 ±1.45, p = 0.005), and Treponema denticola (0.11 ±0.41 vs 0.33 ±0.75, p = 0.03). Before the CDs insertion, all patients had a normal bacterial prevalence range (100%) for all analyzed bacteria. Three months after the insertion, 2 (6.7%) of them had a moderate bacterial prevalence range for Porphyromonas gingivalis, while 28 (93.3%) had a normal bacterial prevalence range. Conclusion The use of CDs has a significant impact on increasing RCB loads in edentulous patients.

Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je procijeniti status oralnoga zdravlja učenika u dobi od 6 do 11 godina na Kosovu. Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 5679 učenika u dobi od 6 do 11 godina iz različitih kosovskih gradova. Stanje oralnoga zdravlja ocijenjeno je na temelju dijagnostičkih kriterija Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) koji uključuju bilježenje broja karijesa, izvađenih zuba i ispuna (kep/KEP indeks) u mliječnoj i trajnoj denticiji. Uključena djeca odgovorila su i na nekoliko pitanja o oralnoj higijeni, prehrambenim navikama i posjetima stomatologu. Analiza je uključivala frekvencije i prosječne vrijednosti. Razlike između prosječnih vrijednosti analizirane su studentovim t-testom (p < 0,05), a čimbenici povezani sa zubnim karijesom Spearmanovim koeficijentom korelacije. Rezultati: Prosječni kep/KEP indeks među učenicima u dobi od 6 do 11 godina iznosio je 4,36 ± 3,763 i 1,20 ± 1,488. Zapečaćene zube imalo je 90 učenika – ukupno 1,58 posto. U dobi od 8 godina do 50 posto djece zube je četkalo dva puta na dan. Od uključene djece 40 posto konzumiralo je slastice jedanput na dan, a većina je stomatologa posjećivala samo ako je bilo potrebno. Potvrđena je statistički značajna korelacija između konzumiranja slastica, oralne higijene te posjeta stomatologu i prevalencije karijesa. Zaključak: Naši rezultati pokazali su veliku prevalenciju karijesa među učenicima u dobi od 6 do 11 godina, što upućuje na to da je potreban sveobuhvatan program primarne oralne zdravstvene zaštite i rani redoviti posjeti stomatologu te preventivne mjere., The aim of the present study was to evaluate the current oral health status among schoolchildren in Kosovo aged 6-11 years. Material and methods: A study included 5679 schoolchildren aged 6 -11 years, from different towns of Kosovo. Dental health status was evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) caries diagnostic criteria for decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft/DMFT index), for deciduous and permanent dentition. The observed children have answered a number of questions about their oral hygiene, eating habits, and dental visits. The analysis included frequencies and means. The differences between means were tested using the student t-test (p

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of color parameters, lightness (L*), chroma (C), hue (H), a* and b*, in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Material and Methods: Patients' tooth color measurements were performed using an intraoral spectrophotometer VITA Easyshade® (VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH and Co. KG, Bad Sackingen, Germany). The measurements were made in 255 subjects in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Results: The mean values for the group of 255 subjects were as follows: L*, a*, b*, C, and H as 81.6, 0.67, 21.6, 21.7, and 92.7, respectively. For F=206.27 and P < 0.001 between L*, a*, b*, C, H, and central incisor/lateral incisor/canines, there were statistically significant differences. Conclusion: With the statistical analysis, it was determined that there are significant color differences between the teeth of the intercanine sector, which differences are clinically significant also.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el dimorfismo sexual en el diente incisivo central superior permanente en una poblacion albanesa de Kosovo utilizando diametros lineales de las copas, modulo de corona (MC) y el indice de la corona (IC). La muestra del estudio consistio en 204 estudiantes de odontologia, seleccionados de la Escuela de Odontologia, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Pristina, Republica de Kosovo. Se tomaron mediciones mesiodistales (MD) y diametros bucolinguales (BL) de la corona de los dientes incisivos superiores permanentes izquierdo y derecho, en modelos dentales, utilizando un calibrador digital electronico Boss (Hamburgo ­ Alemania) con una precision de ± 0,01 mm. Se calculo la estadistica descriptiva, t-test y porcentaje de dimorfismo sexual en los diametros lineales de coronas dentales y los indices del diente incisivo central superior. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia estadisticamente significativa en MD (p

Svrha: Namjera je bila istražiti spolni dimorfizam trajnih mandibularnih, donjočeljusnih očnjaka u albanskoj populaciji na Kosovu. Metode: Uzorak su činila 204 studenta stomatologije, svi odabrani na Stomatološkom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Prištini. Meziodistalni (MD) i bukolingvalni (BL) promjeri mandibularnih kanina (očnjaka) digitalnim su mjeračem (Boss, Njemačka) izmjereni na sadrenim modelima. Rezultati: Nakon deskriptivne statistike i t-testa rezultati su pokazali da je u albanskoj populaciji na Kosovu meziodistalni i bukolingvalni promjer mandibularnih očnjaka veći kod muškaraca negoli kod žena te da je razlika statistički značajna (P, Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual dimorphism of the permanent mandibular canines in Albanian population of Kosovo. Methods: The study sample consisted of 204 dental students, selected from Dental School, Faculty of Medicine at University of Prishtina. The mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters of the mandibular canines were measured in dental cast using electronic digital calliper (Boss, Germany), which has an accuracy ± 0.01 mm. Results: The descriptive statistics and t-test were used. The results showed that in Kosovo-Albanian population mesiodistal and buccolingual diameter of the mandibular canines was larger in males than in females and the difference was statistically significant (P

The aim was to adapt the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) and to test psychometric properties of the Albanian language version in the cultural environment of the Republic of Kosovo. Methods The OES questionnaire was translated from the original English version according to the accepted techniques. The reliability (internal consistency), and validity (construct, convergent and discriminative) were tested in 169 subjects, test-retest in 61 dental students (DS), and responsiveness in 51 prosthodontic patients with treatment needs (PPTN). Results The corrected item correlation coefficients of OES-ALB ranged from 0.686 to 0.909. The inter-item correlation coefficient ranged between 0.572 and 0.919. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.961 and IIC 0.758. Test- retest was confirmed by good ICCs and by no significant differences of the OES scores through the period of 14 days without any orofacial changes (p > 0.05). Construct validity was proved by the presence of one-factor composition that assumed 79.079 % of the variance. Convergent validity showed significant correlation between one general question about satisfaction with orofacial esthetics and the OES summary score, as well as between the sum of the 3 OHIP-ALB49 questions related to orofacial aesthetics and the OES summary score. Discriminative validity was confirmed with statistically significant differences between DS, prosthodontic patients without treatment need and PPTN (p