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Purpose To investigate common and uncommon CT findings in GL-ILD that may be also helpful in differential diagnosis, i.e. with sarcoidosis. To compare CT features with functional and immunological parameters. To look for radiological and non-radiological elements that may be predictive of GL-ILD therapy. Methods We retrospectively described CT features of 38 GL-ILD patients before any specific therapy. Correlations with functional and immunological features were computed. A logistic regression was performed to find a model associated with subsequent GL-ILD therapeutic decisions. Results Most common CT alterations were: bronchiectasis, non-perilymphatic nodules, consolidations, GGO, bands and enlarged mediastinal lymphnodes without calcification. GL-ILD was usually predominant in lower fields. Fibrotic ILD, GGO, reticulations and bronchiectasis were associated with decreased lung performance (pConclusions Most common CT findings in GL-ILD before treatment were small nodules with a non-perilymphatic distribution, consolidations, GGO, bands and bronchiectasis. GL-ILD was usually prevalent in lower fields. A lower fields involvement with non-perylimphatic nodules and a non-traction bronchiectasis pattern could suggest GL-ILD instead of sarcoidosis. MZ B cells percentage, IgA at diagnosis, lower field consolidations and mediastinal lymphnodes enlargement were predictive of a specific GL-ILD therapy.

BACKGROUND Heat-and-pepsin-sensitive plant food allergens (PR-10 and profilin) sometimes cause systemic reaction. OBJECTIVE To detect the risk factors for systemic reactions induced by labile food allergens. METHODS A retrospective multicenter study was performed on patients with a documented history of systemic allergic reaction to labile plant food allergens and on age-matched controls with a history of oral allergy syndrome (OAS) induced by the same foods. Offending foods, their amount, and state (solid or liquid), and potential cofactors (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, protonic pump inhibitors, exercise, alcohol, and fasting) were considered. RESULTS We studied 89 patients and 81 controls. Sensitization to PR-10 or profilin, IgE to Bet v 1 and/or Bet v 2, and foods causing OAS were similar in the two groups. Twenty patients experienced >1 systemic allergic reaction. Tree nuts, Rosaceae, Apiaceae, and soymilk were the main offending foods. Seventeen (19%) patients were taking a PPI when the systemic reaction occurred (vs 5% in controls; P

Sustained virological response (SVR) obtained with interferon (IFN) or with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) is commonly followed by response of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (MCV), but relapse of MCV despite SVR has been reported in several patients after DAAs and rarely after IFN. Since relapses could have been overlooked in studies with IFN, we retrospectively compared the outcomes of MCV in SVR patients treated with DAAs (n = 70) or IFN (n = 39) followed-up, respectively, for 30.5 (range 11-51) or 48 months. Groups were comparable for demographics and clinics and response rates of MCV were similar (92% and 86%); however, DAA-treated patients less efficiently reduced cryoglobulins (P = .006) and circulating B-cell clones (P = .004), and had more frequently relapses of MCV (18% vs 3%, P = .028) and need for rituximab therapy (P = .01). Although largely inferior on an intention-to-treat basis, IFN may be superior to DAAs on clinico-immunological outcomes possibly owing to its antiproliferative activity.