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Rechargeable lithium metal batteries have attracted wide attention due to high theoretical energy density. For practical applications, high-temperature performance of lithium batteries is essential due to complex application environments, in terms of safety and cycle life. However, it's difficult for normal operation of lithium metal batteries at high temperature above 55–60 °C using current lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) electrolyte systems. Herein, a kind of new electrolyte system is designed by adding two thermal-stable lithium salts together (i.e. lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (LiTFSI) and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB)) into carbonate solvents with high boiling/flashing point (i.e. ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate(PC)). Small amount of LiPF6 is also added to prevent the corrosion of aluminum current collector. The results indicate that the new electrolyte possesses superior high-temperature performance, meanwhile, it effectively suppresses the formation of lithium dendrite by synergy effects of salts and solvents. Li/LiCoO2 cells with high LiCoO2 real capacity (2.4 mAh/cm2) using this kind of new electrolyte shows excellent cycling performance at elevated temperature up to 80 °C. Such performance is achieved for the first time for rechargeable Li metal battery using liquid organic electrolytes. It overcomes the operation temperature upper limit of traditional Li-ion batteries (i.e. 55–60 °C), which would effectively reduce thermal runaway risk and simplify the thermal management of Li metal batteries in reality.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI) is an urgent problem in clinical treatment. As cardiomyocytes are terminal cells, MIRI-induced cardiomyocyte death will irreversibly damage the structure and function of the heart. In previous studies, apoptosis was considered to be the only way to regulate cell death, while necrosis could not be regulated. However, current studies have shown that cell necrosis could also be regulated, which was collectively called programmed cell death(PCD). Regulated cell death is actively mediated through molecular pathways, so there is the possibility of inhibiting this signaling to reduce MIRI. At present, PCD mainly includes apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. As a unique treature in China, traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of multiple pathways, multiple targets, low toxicity, less side effects and low economic costs. With the in-depth study of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine against MIRI, it has been confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine could regulate PCD to reduce MIRI. Therefore, this paper focuses on the relationship between PCD and MIRI, and new studies on intervention with relevant traditional Chinese medicine, with the aim to provide new MIRI prevention and treatment methods from the perspective ofquot;intervention of PCDquot;.

Objective Oxidative stress and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF).Nuanxin capsule (NX) is a Chinese medicine that has outstanding protective effects on HF. The present study aimed to elucidate whether NX could protect HF against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Methods In vivo, HF was induced by transverse aortic constriction. NX and Compound C (Comp C) were administered to C57BL/6 J mice for over a 4-week period. Cardiac function was assessed with echocardiography. In vitro, H9c2 cells were exposed to H2O2 in the presence or absence of NX and Compound C. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and mitochondrial function by oxygen consumption rate (OCR) were detected. The expressions of cytochrome c, BAX, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, AMPK and JNK were evaluated by western blotting. Results The results indicated that NX significantly improved cardiac function and enhanced the cell viability, ΔΨm and mitochondrial respiration. Also NX treatment reduced cell cytotoxicity and ROS production. Moreover, NX inhibited mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by upregulating AMPK and downregulating JNK both in vivo and in vitro. The protective effects of NX on cardiac function by reducing oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dependent apoptosis were reversed by Compound C treatment. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that NX effectively improved cardiac function in TAC mice by reducing oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dependent apoptosis by activating AMPK/JNK signaling pathway.

For medium voltage islanding microgrid, the voltage clamp of the main network neutral arc suppression coil or small resistance is lost. Multiple PTs parallel operation will occur because different entities of a microgrid independently measure the voltage. It is necessary to consider the influence of multi PTs ferroresonance on the neutral grounding mode of islanding microgrid. The neutral point ungrounded, neutral point grounded by arc suppression coil and neutral point grounded by small resistance are analyzed respectively, considering multi PTs ferroresonance and single-phase earth fault location, it is determined that the islanded microgrid adopts neutral point grounded by small resistance. On this basis, the zero sequence current distribution is used to locate the single-phase earth fault. Finally, a simulation example is built to verify the correctness of the proposed method.

Current staging methods do not accurately predict the risk of disease recurrence and benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients who have had surgery for stage II colon cancer. We postulated that expression patterns of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) could, if combined into a single model, improve postoperative risk stratification and prediction of chemotherapy benefit for these patients.Using miRNA microarrays, we analysed 40 paired stage II colon cancer tumours and adjacent normal mucosa tissues, and identified 35 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between tumours and normal tissue. Using paraffin-embedded specimens from a further 138 patients with stage II colon cancer, we confirmed differential expression of these miRNAs using qRT-PCR. We then built a six-miRNA-based classifier using the LASSO Cox regression model, based on the association between the expression of every miRNA and the duration of individual patients' disease-free survival. We validated the prognostic and predictive accuracy of this classifier in both the internal testing group of 138 patients, and an external independent group of 460 patients.Using the LASSO model, we built a classifier based on the six miRNAs: miR-21-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-106b-5p, miR-143-5p, and miR-215. Using this tool, we were able to classify patients between those at high risk of disease progression (high-risk group), and those at low risk of disease progression (low-risk group). Disease-free survival was significantly different between these groups in every set of patients. In the initial training group of patients, 5-year disease-free survival was 89% (95% CI 77·3-94·4) for the low-risk group, and 60% (46·3-71·0) for the high-risk group (hazard ratio [HR] 4·24, 95% CI 2·13-8·47; p0·0001). In the internal testing set of patients, 5-year disease-free survival was 85% (95% CI 74·3-91·8) for the low-risk group, and 57% (42·8-68·5) for the high-risk group (HR 3·63, 1·86-7·01; p0·0001), and in the independent validation set of patients, was 85% (79·6-89·0) for the low-risk group and 54% (46·4-61·1) for the high-risk group (HR 3·70, 2·56-5·35; p0·0001). The six-miRNA-based classifier was an independent prognostic factor for, and had better prognostic value than, clinicopathological risk factors and mismatch repair status. In an ad-hoc analysis, the patients in the high-risk group were found to have a favourable response to adjuvant chemotherapy (HR 1·69, 1·17-2·45; p=0·0054). We developed two nomograms for clinical use that integrated the six-miRNA-based classifier and four clinicopathological risk factors to predict which patients might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for stage II colon cancer.Our six-miRNA-based classifier is a reliable prognostic and predictive tool for disease recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer, and might be able to predict which patients benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. It might facilitate patient counselling and individualise management of patients with this disease.Natural Science Foundation of China.

To analyze the medication features and the regularity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine in treating patients with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome of chronic heart failure based on modern literature. In this article, CNKI Chinese academic journal database, Wanfang Chinese academic journal database and VIP Chinese periodical database were all searched from January 2000 to December 2015 for the relevant literature on traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome of chronic heart failure. Then a normalized database was established for further data mining and analysis. Subsequently, the medication features and the regularity of prescriptions were mined by using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system(V2.5), association rules, improved mutual information algorithm, complex system entropy clustering and other mining methods. Finally, a total of 171 articles were included, involving 171 prescriptions, 140 kinds of herbs, with a total frequency of 1 772 for the herbs. As a result, 19 core prescriptions and 7 new prescriptions were mined. The most frequently used herbs included Huangqi(Astragali Radix), Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling(Poria), Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Tinglizi(Semen Lepidii), Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Guizhi(Cinnamomum Ramulus). The core prescriptions were composed of Huangqi(Astragali Radix), Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Fuling(Poria), etc. The high frequent herbs and core prescriptions not only highlight the medication features of Qi-invigorating and blood-circulating therapy, but also reflect the regularity of prescriptions of blood-circulating, Yang-warming, and urination-promoting therapy based on syndrome differentiation. Moreover, the mining of the new prescriptions provide new reference and inspiration for clinical treatment of various accompanying symptoms of chronic heart failure. In conclusion, this article provides new reference for traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic heart failure.

Background: To assess the effect of an information leaflet on the level of Chinese youth`s knowledge about hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer (PLC). Materials and Methods: A total of 500 students, from two universities in the Chaoshan area of China, were randomly divided into an intervention group of 280 participants and a control group of 220. Baseline knowledge of HCC and hepatitis B was evaluated by questionnaire interview. Subsequently, only the intervention group was given an information leaflet of HCC and hepatitis B. Three months later, the two groups were contacted for a second interview. Changes in knowledge from baseline of HCC and hepatitis B were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mean PRE-questionnaire scores between the intervention and control groups. However, the mean POST-questionnaire score was significantly higher in the intervention group after the intervention. The leaflet had the greatest effect on the participants` questionnaire score, and raised their level of knowledge about HCC and hepatitis B. Conclusions: The information leaflet intervention is significantly effective in improving the knowledge of HCC and hepatitis B among the youth.

Este trabajo tiene como principal propósito el de estudiar y resumir el uso de los relativos en oraciones complejas. En concreto, se centrará en que, quien/es, artículo + cual/es, que son los más empleados y difíciles de aprender desde el punto de vista de los estudiantes chinos, con el objetivo de aportar un esquema organizado y práctico para la enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera en China, y aclarar las explicaciones incompletas y desacertadas que se aplican actualmente en los manuales de español para chinos.

To evaluate the clinical application of different surgical approaches for endoscopic thyroidectomy and provide more rational treatment criteria. Collect all randomized controlled trials, multi-center studies, clinical controlled trials, clinical trials and other comparative studies of endoscopic thyroidectomy with a large sample size in different databases through an established search strategy, make a systematic analysis of all the included literature. This study selected 12 publications for analysis from more than 800 articles: these included six publications describing cervical thyroidectomy (A) and six publications describing extra-cervical thyroidectomy (B). Conversion to open surgery occurred in 29 patients in group A and only 4 in group B (p

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Astragalus mongholicus heterosaccharides (AMH) on urinary system. The results of gas chromatography (GC) quantitative analysis of the acetylated of monosaccharides revealed that galactose, arabinose and glucose were the sugars in A. mongholicus heterosaccharides. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra indicated that the band in the region of 3258 cm−1 is due to the hydroxyl stretching vibration of the polysaccharide. The band in the region of 2927 cm−1 is due to C–H stretching vibration. A. mongholicus heterosaccharides administration resulted in reduced lipid peroxidation products and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in medicine-treated mice's kidney and urinary bladders. Furthermore, A. mongholicus heterosaccharides administration significantly increased mean contractile amplitude increase, contractile frequency and contractile tension in isolated bladder detrusor strips in medicine-treated mice. From these results, it was demonstrated that A. mongholicus heterosaccharides have the ability to protect against oxidative damage and improve urinary bladders function. We suppose that A. mongholicus heterosaccharides improve urinary bladder function partly through enhancing antioxidant status in kidney and urinary bladders.

By analyses using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the polysaccharide extracts from Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidum (Se-GLP) was comprised mainly of glucose, xylose, arabose and mannose in the molar ratio of 1:4.3:0.7:0.18. the infrared (IR) spectra of the Se-GLP displayed a broad stretching intense characteristic peak at around 3402 and 3105 cm−1 for the hydroxyl group, and one weak C–H stretching bands at 2927 and 2702 cm−1. The peaks at 1163, 947 and 890 cm−1 were characteristic of xylose, arabose and β- d -glucose, respectively. The results indicated that glucose and xylose were the major monoses constructing the backbones of Se-GLP. Then, the protective effects of the polysaccharide extracts from Se-enriched G. lucidum (Se-GLP) against oxidative damage were evaluated in heart and liver of ischemic reperfusion mice. The results showed that the treatment of Se-GLP significantly lowered the ischemic reperfusion-induced serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The heart and serum content of GSH, and activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) that were reduced by ischemic reperfusion were brought back to control levels by the supplement of Se-GLP. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that Se-GLP could protect heart against the ischemic reperfusion-induced oxidative damage in mice.

Purpose : To investigate the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of a dandelion extract against human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells. Methods : The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assays were used to investigate the effects of a dandelion extract on cell proliferation, levels of apoptosis, and cell migration, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assessed the effects of a dandelion extract on the expression levels of genes regulating proliferation and apoptosis. Results : Dandelion extract exerted strong cytotoxic effects on the cancer cells. After exposure, apoptotic cells increased and cell migration was reduced. RT-qPCR assay revealed that dandelion extract significantly increased anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic gene expression, including phosphate and tensin homology deleted on chromosome ten (Pten) and Bcl-2 Associated X protein (Bax) mRNA in the gastric cancer cells. The results also indicate that there was decreased pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic gene expression (i.e., extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), Survivin, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) mRNA). Conclusion : The results suggest that dandelion extract is a potent gastric cancer cell proliferation, survival, and migration inhibitor with potential pharmaceutical applications for the prevention of gastric cancer. Keywords : dandelion extract, gastric cancer, cytotoxic effect, migration inhibition

We show that by making a generalized atom–molecule dark state, coherent creation of triatomic molecules can be enhanced in a repulsive atomic Bose–Einstein condensate. The dynamics of heteronuclear trimer creation is significantly different from the homonuclear case and further enhancement can be realized by controlling its chemical reaction channels. The possibility of manipulating atom–trimer conversion provides an appealing research area for current coherent matter–wave optics.

Two new heterobinuclear porphyrin dimers, namely [{(MoO2)-O-VI}-DBPA-Zn] (1; H(4)DBPA = N,N'-dibenzylidenebis-[4-(10,15,20-triphenyl-21H,23H-porphin-5-yl)phenylamine]) and [((MoO2))-O-VI-PBDA-Zn] (2; H(4)PBDA = N,N'-bis[4-(10,15,20-triphenyl-21H,23H-porphin-5-yl)phenyl]-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide), have been synthesized. These his(porphyrin)s were obtained by treating 5-(p-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrinatomolybdenum and -zinc with benzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehyde or benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid. They have been characterized by UV/Vis, IR, X-ray photoelectron, luminescence, and H-1 NMR spectroscopy, and their TG-DTA behavior and molar conductances have also been determined. Th cis-dioxomolybdenum(VI) unit in these complexes is contained in one of the porphyrin moieties and zinc(II) ion is tetracoordinated in the other. Their electro-chemical properties have also been investigated in detail. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007).

A temporary negative ion resonance at 8.9 eV in C2F6 has been clearly identified using angle-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy at 2.5 keV impact energy, and can be attributed to electron capture into 12a1u, 12a1g, 22a2u, and 12eg virtual molecular orbitals. The corresponding absolute generalized oscillator strength profile is found to have a shape characteristic of non-dipole interaction with the maximum K~0.8 a.u. of momentum transfer.

Objective: To assess the level of an inpatient population's awareness about hepatitis and primary liver cancer (PLC), the most common type of which is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and then to initiate education of this group. Methods: A survey was conducted with 1300 participants within the inpatient unit in representative tertiary hospitals in the Chaoshan area of China. Structured questionnaires contained demographic data and statements about different aspects of liver cancer and hepatitis. The questionnaires were completed by trained medical practitioners after they had conducted the interviews. Results: One way ANOVA showed that the sample population lacked adequate knowledge about HCC and hepatitis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the participant's level of education had the greatest impact on their total knowledge score when other variables remained constant. Conclusions: The study demonstrated: a general lack of awareness amongst the participants about the preventative strategies, and the management options available for people with primary liver cancer and hepatitis; education level was an important factor affecting knowledge levels. The demonstrated deficiencies in people's knowledge about hepatitis and HCC, and their lack of subsequent protective behaviours are likely to play an important role in HCC and hepatitis transmission or prevention.

To assess a multi-center study effectiveness of clinical pathways based on integrative medicine (IM) for chronic heart failure (CHF) patients.A combined method of historical control study and clinical study on concurrent control was used. After the standard management for clinical pathways was carried out in four hospitals at home, the effects on hospitalization days, medical expenses, clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction, and quality of life were assessed.Results of non-concurrent historical control study showed that: the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the pathways group than in the retrospective group (12.59 days vs 18.44 days), and the total cost of hospitalization was significantly reduced in the pathways group (yen 9 051.90 vs yen 11 978.40), showing statistical difference (P0.01). Moreover, the effect on the heart function was better in the pathways group than in the retrospective group (the markedly effective rate: 45.60% vs 21.90%; the total effective rate: 96.80% vs 86.10%), showing statistical difference (P0.01). Results of clinical study on concurrent control showed that the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the pathways group than in the control group (11.19 days vs 13.21 days), showing statistical difference (P0.05). The average total cost of hospitalization was significantly lower in the pathways group than in the control group (yen 8 656.80 vs yen 11 609.70), showing statistical difference (P0.01). As for clinical efficacy of Chinese medical syndrome, the total effective rate was higher in the pathways group than in the control group (97.10% vs 93.62%), showing statistical difference (P0.05). The markedly effective rate of heart function was better in the pathways group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (49.30% vs 38.30%, P0.05). The overall satisfaction was higher in the pathways group than in the conventional group (P0.01). There was no statistical difference in the mortality within 3 months after discharge from hospital, and the readmission rate due to heart failure between the two groups (P0.05). But there was statistical difference in the quality of life (P0.05).The pathway could shorten the hospitalization time, decrease the cost of hospitalization, improve the clinical efficacy, improve patients' quality of life and satisfaction, therefore, it could be spread nationwide.

To construct a replication-defective adenovirus containing TK gene and investigate the killing effects of TK gene against human liver cancer cells SMMC-7721.The recombinant adenovirus ADV-TK was constructed using homologous recombination in the cells. SMMC-7721 cells transfected with recombined adenovirus were exposed to GCV, and the cell viability was measured by MTT assays.The recombinant adenovirus containing TK gene was successfully constructed. Transfection by the recombinant adenovirus ADV-TK and GCV exposure significantly suppressed the growth of SMMC-7721 cells.A replication-defective adenovirus containing TK gene has been successfully constructed, and in combination with GCV, the recombinant adenovirus produces significant killing effect against SMMC-7721 cells in vitro.

The transitional process from EHV to UHV not only brings many technical problems, such as zero drift, resonance overvoltage, quenching of secondary arc current, but also makes the problem of VFTO in GIS caused by operating disconnector increasingly outstanding. With the development of UHV GIS in China, there still exist many works to be done thoroughly for the further study of VFTO characteristics. In this paper, a mathematical model has been set up respectively based on a 500 kV GIS and an 800 kV GIS to study the amplitude-frequency of VFTO and its effects on power transformers, using FORTRAN and EMTP. The protective effect of shunt resistor of DS has been verified again in suppression of VFTO in 800 kV GIS. By comparing and analyzing the calculation results between the two EHV systems, an important reference is provided to accelerate the UHV transmission network for the localization of UHV utilities and GIS manufacture.

With the increasing of short-circuit current of the power grid, by use of series reactor to limit 500 kV short-circuit current is feasible, but the introduction of series reactor could change the transient recovery voltage and have effect on the circuit breakers interrupting performance. In this paper, 500 kV reactor is used to limit short-circuit current of Dongqing substation, the current changes of different reactor values under three-phase short-circuit fault are analyzed, the best-value work interval is obtained; at the same time, the problem of TRV is solved by the mean of introduction parallel capacitance, it can reduce the amplitude and rate of TRV. The results showed that: the way of using parallel capacitors to reduce amplitude and rate of TRV is feasible, if reduce the amplitude of the TRV substantially, larger capacitors are required.

Precious metals exhibit fascinating properties and extensive applications in chemical engineering, high-temperature measurement, and electronic industry. The microstructures of these metals are generally polycrystalline and the precious metals like Ir and Ru with polycrystalline microstructures are difficult to deform at room temperature. However, the single crystal of precious metal can be well deformed to the final product, and it can be effectively used as a material. In this paper, electron beam floating zone method (EBFZM) is employed to prepare single crystals of precious metals, due to the fact that precious metals, e. g. Ir and Ru have high melting points of 2443 ℃ and 2310 ℃ respectively, and no crucible can be used for this processing. Considering the fact that the height of floating zone plays a key role in EBFZM, we deduce the expression for height of floating zone in EBFZM based on pedestal growth and zone melting techniques. The effects of crystal growth angle, interface growth mechanism, and solidification rate on the height of floating zone are discussed. The results show that the heights of floating zone for six precious metals are in a sequence order of Ru >Pd >Ir >Pt >Ag >Au. The crystal growth angles of these metals are calculated in a range of 8.4°-10.7°. For the same growth angle, the heights of floating zone, calculated by the Pedestal growth, zone melting and Czochralski-like growth techniques, are close to each other. But for different growth angles, the height of floating zone increases with increasing the growth angle for pedestal growth and Czochralski-like growth techniques, different from zone melting technique. Meanwhile, the height of floating zone changes with interface growth mechanism and solidification rate. For the pedestal growth technique, the height of floating zone is low for continuous growth mechanism, and for zone melting technique, its height of floating zone, calculated from continuous growth mechanism, is larger than those from the dislocation and faceting growth mechanisms. Furthermore, it reveals that the growth angle and height of floating zone vary slightly with continuous growth mechanism. In addition, a predicted solidification rate of 2.4 mm/min, available for single-crystal growth of precious metals, is in agreement with the previous experimental results of single crystals Ir and Ru prepared by EBFZM.

The theoretical investigations on the molecular energy levels, energy gaps, and the singlet-singlet electronic excitation properties (such as absorption spectra, excited energy, oscillator strengths) of the anthracene molecule in different external electric field were carried out by employing density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method with 6-311G(d, p) basis set. The stable molecular structure in ground state was optimized by DFT. The calculated results show that the absorption bands of anthracene molecule concentrate in ultraviolet region without external electric field, the absorption peak of which corresponds to the S0→S5 transitions with an excitation wavelength of 234.5 nm. The calculated absorption spectra agree well with the experimental data. Moreover, it is noticeable that the effects of the external electric field on optical properties cannot be neglected. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of anthracene molecule show a red shift into the blue-light region with the increases of electric field intensity. At the same time, the energy gaps between LUMO and HOMO for the anthracene molecule decrease with the increase of external electric field intensity. It can be shown that the anthracene molecule is promising as a useful blue-light emitting material through modulating by an electric field.

A new complexity penalty term called the global wavelet penalty is introduced, which evaluates the high-frequency components of masks more profoundly by applying four distinctive Haar wavelet transforms and choosing the optimal direction on which the highest frequency components of the mask will be removed. Then, a new gradient-based inverse lithography technology (ILT) algorithm is proposed, with the computation of the global wavelet penalty as the emphasis of its first phase for mask complexity reduction. Experiments with three typical 65 nm flash ROM patterns under existing 90 nm lithographic conditions show that compared with the gradient-based algorithm, which relies on the so-called local wavelet penalty, the total vertices of the three results created by the proposed algorithm can be reduced by 12.89%, 12.63% and 12.64%, respectively, while the accuracy of the lithography results remains the same.

We study the adiabatic dark-state evolutions in coherent creations of heteronuclear diatomic or triatomic molecules from an ultracold two-species atomic condensate. We find that, for different nonlinear systems, the relations between the adiabatic fidelities and the adiabatic parameters are in a universal power law but with quite different parameters.

A novel SiC semi-superjunction-Schottky Barrier Diode (Semi-SJ-SBD) structure is proposed, which is the combination of super-junction (SJ) structure and conventional drift region structure. The proposed structure can significantly reduce the specific on-resistance (Ron-sp) and improve the forward characteristics. The breakdown voltage (VB) and specific on-resistance (Ron-sp) in different SJ depth and width are studied using two-dimensional simulator Medici and compared with conventional SiC SBD. The results show that Ron-sp is greatly reduced (greater than 10%) with VB unchanged (less than 4%) when the SJ width is chosen as 2—3 μm and SJ depth is deeper than 5 μm.

The present paper is devoted to the calculation of transition wavelengths, oscillator strength f, Einstein An0 and B0n coefficients of methyl vinyl siloxane from ground state Cs(X1A′) to the first ten different excited states by employing density functional theory and single substitute configuration interaction approach with basis sets 6-311++G**. At the same time, the excited states of methyl vinyl siloxane under different external electric fields are investigated. It is shown that the HOMO-LUMO gaps become smaller, and the excitation energies of the first ten excited states of methyl vinyl siloxane decrease sharply as the external electric field intensity become strong. The conclusion can be drawn that the transition between the ground state X1A′ and the excited state of methyl vinyl siloxane is easy to bring about.