Search

BackgroundThe gut microbiome is altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD), potentially contributing to CKD progression and co-morbidities, but population-based studies of the gut microbiome across a wide range of kidney function and damage are lacking.MethodsIn the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, gut microbiome was assessed by shotgun sequencing of stool (n = 2,438; 292 with suspected CKD). We examined cross-sectional associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin:creatinine (UAC) ratio, and CKD with gut microbiome features. Kidney trait-related microbiome features were interrogated for correlation with serum metabolites (n = 700), and associations of microbiome-related serum metabolites with kidney trait progression were examined in a prospective analysis (n = 3,635).ResultsHigher eGFR was associated with overall gut microbiome composition, greater abundance of species from Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Eubacterium, and microbial functions related to synthesis of long-chain fatty acids and carbamoyl-phosphate. Higher UAC ratio and CKD were related to lower gut microbiome diversity and altered overall microbiome composition only in participants without diabetes. Microbiome features related to better kidney health were associated with many serum metabolites (e.g., higher indolepropionate, beta-cryptoxanthin; lower imidazole propionate, deoxycholic acids, p-cresol glucuronide). Imidazole propionate, deoxycholic acid metabolites, and p-cresol glucuronide were associated with prospective reductions in eGFR and/or increases in UAC ratio over ~6 y.ConclusionsKidney function is a significant correlate of the gut microbiome, while the relationship of kidney damage with the gut microbiome depends on diabetes status. Gut microbiome metabolites may contribute to CKD progression.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-hci-10.1177_1540415320985581 for Association of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) by Priscilla M. Vásquez, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, David X. Marquez, Maria Argos, Melissa Lamar, Angela Odoms-Young, Linda C. Gallo, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Sheila F. Castañeda, Krista M. Perreira, Denise C. Vidot, Carmen R. Isasi, Marc D. Gellman and Martha L. Daviglus in Hispanic Health Care International

Additional file 2: Table S2. Multivariable-adjusted mean changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors (95% CI) over 6 years of follow-up among individuals with prediabetes at baseline, according to quartiles of sedentary time and meeting guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (N ~ 3301, 2 h glucose N ~ 2733).

Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of participants by Actical adherence (among all participants who attended V2).

Additional file 4: Table S4. Multivariable-adjusted mean changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors (95% CI) over 6 years of follow-up, according to cross-classification of quartiles of sedentary time and meeting guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.

Additional file 3: Table S3. LDL Cholesterol & Statin use.

Supplemental Material, sol_arthritis_acknowledgements_and_funding for Prescription Opioid Use Among Hispanics/Latinos With Arthritis Symptoms: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos by Hector R. Perez, Joanna L. Starrels, Sara Gonzalez, Denise C. Vidot, Simin Hua, Garrett M. Strizich, Donglin Zeng, Martha Daviglus, Marc D. Gellman and Robert C. Kaplan in Hispanic Health Care International

BackgroundCurrent evidence suggests that periodontal disease (PD) is associated with a significant increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of known confounders. PD is a chronic oral disease with significant variation in prevalence demonstrated among Hispanic/Latino subgroups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between PD and CVD risk and variations with sex, age, and Hispanic/Latino background.MethodsThe sample included 7379 participants aged 30 to 74 years, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008 to 2011). We assessed CVD risk by the Framingham 10-year general CVD risk score (FGRS). PD severity classification was based on calibrated measurements of gingival recession and probing depth. Multivariable sequential linear models for complex sample design assessed FGRS by PD severity, Hispanic/Latino background, and covariates.ResultsThe prevalence of moderate and severe PD combined was 46%. For women and men with severe PD, the combined prevalence of moderate and high CVD risk was 44% and 85%, respectively. The FGRS observed for women (5.1% [95% CI: 4.1%, 6.0%], p&nbsp

BackgroundPrior national surveys capture smoking behaviors of the aggregated U.S. Hispanic/Latino population, possibly obscuring subgroup variation.PurposeTo describe cigarette use among Hispanic/Latino adults across subgroups of age, gender, national background, SES, birthplace, and degree of acculturation to the dominant U.S. culture.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 16,322 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos aged 18-74 years, recruited in Bronx NY, Chicago IL, Miami FL, and San Diego CA, was conducted during 2008-2011.ResultsPrevalence of current smoking was highest among Puerto Ricans (men, 35.0%; women, 32.6%) and Cubans (men, 31.3%; women, 21.9%), with particularly high smoking intensity noted among Cubans as measured by pack-years and cigarettes/day. Dominicans had the lowest smoking prevalence (men, 11.0%; women, 11.7%). Individuals of other national backgrounds had a smoking prevalence that was intermediate between these groups, and typically higher among men than women. Non-daily smoking was common, particularly although not exclusively among young men of Mexican background. Persons of low SES were more likely to smoke, less likely to have quit smoking, and less frequently used over-the-counter quit aids compared to those with higher income and education levels. Smoking was more common among individuals who were born in the U.S. and had a higher level of acculturation to the dominant U.S. culture, particularly among women.ConclusionsSmoking behaviors vary widely across Hispanic/Latino groups in the U.S., with a high prevalence of smoking among population subgroups with specific, readily identifiable characteristics.