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Tire burst of vehicles is one of the main causes of highway accidents. Furthermore, tire aging is the most important cause of tire burst. It will be of great significance to traffic safety, through identifying the tire text code (TTC) to determine whether or not a tire is over the service life. In this article, a coarse-to-fine method of detection and rectification for TTC is proposed. First, text regions are located using the deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model. Second, through fitting the tire circle curve, the close-up image of TTC is rotated to a positive direction. Third, a text boundary points’ generation strategy is proposed, which is based on the rotating bounding box of each character. Fourth, the curved text is rectified and input to the DCNN recognition model. On the tire image dataset, the detection accuracy of TTC and characters is 94% and 96.5% respectively, and the recognition accuracy is 94.5%. Through additional experimental results, it is proven that the proposed method has strong robustness to illumination and camera shooting angle, which can meet the real-time detection and recognition requirements as well.

Implanted biomaterials such as medical catheters are prone to be adhered by proteins, platelets and bacteria due to their surface hydrophobicity characteristics, and then induce related infections and thrombosis. Hence, the development of a versatile strategy to endow surfaces with antibacterial and antifouling functions is particularly significant for blood-contacting materials. In this work, CuSO

Actively controlling the phase of terahertz wave has received much attention. Here, we present a complete theoretical treatment by using coupled-mode theory to actively control the reflective wave phase in a attenuated total reflection-based metasurface. Controlling is achieved by variations in the air gap, enabling the radiative loss (radiative Q factor) to be continuously adjusted over a narrowband frequency range. A singularity can be found in the phase slope spectrum when the radiation loss is equal to the intrinsic loss determined by material properties. The theoretical results have been verified by simulation and the experimental results. The physical mechanism of this phase transition in attenuated total reflection configuration would pave the way for potential applications such as polarization modulation, and guide further research works for terahertz physics.

Spectrum (640 nm to 880 nm) of three scenarios

A series of novel cationic gemini surfactants p-phenylenedimethylene bis(alkyldiethylammonium) chloride (abbreviated as G m , m is the carbon numbers of hydrophobic tails) were synthesized. Their surface properties and aggregation behavior were investigated by surface tension, electrical conductivity, steady-state fluorescence, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy measurements, and compared with gemini surfactants with a flexible hexanediyl spacer and diethylammonium headgroups [abbreviated as C m C 6 C m (Et)]. It was found that G m reached adsorption equilibrium at the air–water interface at the critical micelle concentration, but C m C 6 C m (Et) did not. The packing densities and the aggregation surface charge densities of G m are less than that of C m C 6 C m (Et). Pre-micellar association occurs in aqueous solutions of gemini surfactants with m ≥ 14. The ability to form pre-micellar aggregates increases with increasing the length of alkyl chain. Gemini surfactants with rigid p-xylylene spacer are more prone to form the pre-micellar aggregates. The rigidity of the spacer of gemini surfactants has little effect on the aggregation micropolarity sensed by pyrene. Only vesicles were found in aqueous solutions of these gemini surfactants, and G m with p-xylylene spacer tends to form larger vesicles which have loose structures with low surface charge density.