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This study examined the learning performance in General Psychology of 297 freshmen of the CPSU-Main through the Pre and Post Tests. The instructional intervention via Universal Design for Learning (UDL) was applied to 33% (97 out of 297) of these freshmen as the Treatment Group while 67% (200) belonged to the Control Group for traditional instructions. Statistical inferences utilized one-way Analysis of Variance for mean differences; Pearson R Correlations for bivariate relationships, and; Factor Analysis for significant components that contributed most to the Universal Design for Learning instructions. Findings showed very high levels of students’ acquired UDL skills. Results in the pre-test in General Psychology, respectively, were low and average when grouped into low and high achievers. There was no significant mean difference in the acquired nine UDL components when categorized into seven colleges to generalize that they were on the same very high levels between colleges. Significant differences were found in three test areas in General Psychology in eight colleges whose students in the College of teacher education taking the lead in the learning performance. Significant differences were also traced in the post test in favor of the students in the treatment group. This proved that UDL really impacted the learning performance of the low-achieving students. Significant correlations were revealed between the components of UDL and General Psychology. There were twenty-four significant itemized components that contributed most to UDL instructional interventions. Implications were emphasized to maximize the principles of UDL with the contention of thoughtful planning related to the four curricular pillars of UDL: (a) instructional goals, (b) instructional delivery methods, (c) instructional materials, and (d) student assessments.

The paper examined the socio-demographic profile of respondents and the extent of the 21st century skills of the respondents. It further investigated the challenges encountered by the respondents. The academic performance of the respondents is statistically measured through the general weighted average. Significant differences in the respondents’ skills and socio- demographic profile, and the relationship to academic performance were also inquired. The paper aimed to emphasize the interventions to cater learners’ needs. The respondents were the one hundred ten students from Augurio Maraṅon Abeto National High School (AMANHS) and Binalbagan National High School (BNHS) who were raised by a solo parent. The study purely used descriptive survey with a self-made questionnaire. It has been found out that majority of the respondents were female, aged twelve to fifteen years old, family earned income of three thousand one to six thousand monthly, the solo parents were undergraduate college level, and majority were in Grade 10. The respondents were moderately skilled in critical thinking and communication skills, and highly skilled in collaboration and self-direction skills. Despite the challenges encountered by the respondents, they were proficient in their academic performance. There is no significant difference between the 21st century skills of the respondents and school, and none as to sex, grade level, educational attainment and age. On the academic performance and sex, there is a significant difference found, while none in grade level, educational attainment, family monthly income, and age. There is a significant relationship between 21st century skills and academic performance.

© 2018 EPE Association. The DFIG and the BDFRM have very similar dynamic equations, however the BDFRM's complex flux coupling produces machine parameters very different to the DFIG. These parameter differences result in different intrinsic machine behaviour under fault conditions. This paper develops and uses a simple model to explain the fault performance differences between the machines, and then verifies these predictions using a combination of simulation and experimental results. The general conclusion is that the intrinsic large leakage inductances of the BDFRM assist with protecting the rotor side converter during grid side fault conditions.

© 2017 IEEE. This paper examines several techniques for determining the parameters of the Brushless Doubly Fed Reluctance Machine (BDFRM). Even though the mathematical model for this machine is like that of a double-fed induction machine, the very high leakage inductances prevent the use of the normal locked rotor/unloaded rotor tests. The accuracy of the parameters found is validated by machine testing and comparison with the FEA machine design.

The hydrothermal reaction of uranium trioxide and methylenediphosphonic acid in the presence of silver nitrate resulted in the formation of three new uranyl coordination polymers: AgUO2[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)] (Ag-1), [Ag2(H2O)1.5]{(UO2)2[CH2(PO3)2]F2}·(H2O)0.5 (Ag-2), and Ag2UO2[CH2(PO3)2] (Ag-3). All consist of uranyl pentagonal bipyramids that form two-dimensional layered structures. Ag-1 and Ag-3 possess the same structural building unit, but the structures are different; Ag-3 is formed through edge-sharing of F atoms to form UO5F2 dimers. The pH and silver cation have significant effects on the structure that is synthesized. Raman spectra of single crystals of Ag-1, Ag-2, and Ag-3 reveal v1 UO2(2+) symmetric stretches of 816 and 829, 822, and 802 cm(-1), respectively. Electronic structure calculations were performed using the projector augmented wave (PAW) method with density functional theory (DFT) to gain insight into the nature of bonding and electronic characteristics of the synthesized compounds. Herein, we report the syntheses, crystal structures, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescent behavior of these three compounds.

There are only a few multiferroic compounds, among which BiFeO3 is the most important. Research the synthesis of bismuth ferrite, with novel and improved magnetic and electrical properties, has been mainly based on the use of hydrothermal or sol gel methods. However, these methods require either rather extreme conditions or several steps for synthesis. We demonstrate that the use of molten salts, activated by high energy milling, results in pure nanometric BiFeO3, LaFeO3 and intermediate phases in the Bi1−xLaxFeO3 system. The chemical reagents used are Bi(NO3)3⋅5H2O, La(NO3)3⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and NaOH. A brief milling process of the reagents creates an amorphous precursor and crystalline NaNO3. The thermal treatment of the precursors, at 500 °C for two hours, produces a crystalline mixture of Bi1−xLaxFeO3 and NaNO3. Simple washing eliminates the NaNO3. The characterization of intermediates and final products, through thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy, allows the inference of possible mechanism. In addition, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and ferroelectric tests show the typical magnetic and electric polarization loops characteristic of these materials even when formed at the nano-scale.

CA 19-9 and CEA are the most commonly used biomarkers for diagnosis and management of patients with pancreatic cancer. Since the original compendium by Steinberg in 1990, numerous studies have reported the use of CA 19-9 and, to a lesser extent, CEA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Here we update an evaluation of the accuracy of CA 19-9 and CEA, and, unlike previous reviews, focus on discrimination between malignant and benign disease instead of normal controls. In 57 studies involving 3,285 pancreatic carcinoma cases, the combined sensitivity of CA 19-9 was 78.2% and in 37 studies involving 1,882 cases with benign pancreatic disease the specificity of CA 19-9 was 82.8%. From the combined analysis of studies reporting CEA, the sensitivity was 44.2% (1,324 cases) and the specificity was 84.8% (656 cases). These measurements more appropriately reflect the expected biomarker accuracy in the differential diagnosis of patients with periampullary diseases. We also present a summary of the use of CA 19-9 as a prognostic tool and evaluate CA 19-9 diagnostic and prognostic utility in a 10-year, single institution experience.

The hydrothermal treatment of uranium trioxide and methylenediphosphonic acid with a variety of amines (2,2-dipyridyl, triethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, and 1,10-phenanthroline) at 200 °C results in the crystallization of a series of layered uranium diphosphonate compounds, [C10H9N2]{UO2(H2O)[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]} (Ubip2), [C6H14N2]{(UO2)2[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]2·2H2O} (UDAB), [C2H10N2]2{(UO2)2(H2O)2[CH2(PO3)2]2·0.5H2O} (Uethyl), and [C12H9N2]{UO2(H2O)[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]} (Uphen). The crystal structures of the compounds are based on UO7 units linked by methylenediphosphonate molecules to form two-dimensional anionic sheets in Ubip2 and UDAB, and one-dimensional anionic chains in Uethyl and Uphen, which are charge balanced by protonated amine molecules. Interaction of the amine molecules with phosphonate oxygens and water molecules results in extensive hydrogen bonding in the interlayer. These amine molecules serve both as structure-directing agents and charge-balancing cations for the anionic uranium phosphonate sheets and chains in the formation of the different coordination geometries and topologies of each structure. Reported herein are the syntheses, structural and spectroscopic characterization of the synthesized compounds.

Three Ba{sup 2+}/UO{sub 2}{sup 2+} methylenediphosphonates have been prepared from mild hydrothermal treatment of uranium trioxide, methylendiphosphonic acid (C1P2) with barium hydroxide octahydrate, barium iodate monohydrate, and small aliquots of HF at 200 Degree-Sign C. These compounds, Ba[UO{sub 2}[CH{sub 2}(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}]{center_dot}1.4H{sub 2}O (Ba-1), Ba{sub 3}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 4}(CH{sub 2}(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}){sub 2}F{sub 6}]{center_dot}6H{sub 2}O (Ba-2), and Ba{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(CH{sub 2}(PO{sub 3}){sub 2})F{sub 4}]{center_dot}5.75H{sub 2}O (Ba-3) all adopt layered structures based upon linear uranyl groups and disphosphonate molecules. Ba-2 and Ba-3 are similar in that they both have UO{sub 5}F{sub 2} pentagonal bipyramids that are bridged and chelated by the diphosphonate moiety into a two-dimensional zigzag anionic sheet (Ba-2) and a one-dimensional ribbon anionic chain (Ba-3). Ba-1, has a single crystallographically unique uranium metal center where the C1P2 ligand solely bridges to form [UO{sub 2}[CH{sub 2}(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}]{sup 2-} sheets. The interlayer space of the structures is occupied by Ba{sup 2+}, which, along with the fluoride ion, mediates the structure formed and maintains overall charge balance. - Graphical abstract: Illustration of the stacking of the layers in Ba{sub 3}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 4}(CH{sub 2}(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}){sub 2})F{sub 6}]{center_dot}6H{sub 2}O viewed along the c-axis. The structure is constructed from UO{sub 7} pentagonal bipyramidalmore » units, U(1)O{sub 7}=gray, U(2)O{sub 7}=yellow, barium=blue, phosphorus=magenta, fluorine=green, oxygen=red, carbon=black, and hydrogen=light peach. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The polymerization of the UO{sub 2}{sup 2+} sites to form uranyl dimers leads to structural variations in compounds. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Barium cations stitch uranyl diphosphonate anionic layers together, and help mediate structure formation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer HF acts as both a mineralizing agent and a ligand.« less

The hydrothermal reaction of PuO(2) with CH(2)(PO(3)H(2))(2) results in the formation of alpha-Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O), beta-Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O) (1), gamma-Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O) (2), and Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O).H(2)O (3) as crystalline compounds with blue, green, red, and very pale peach coloration, respectively. In all cases single crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveals Pu(4+) coordinated by [CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](4-) and water to yield PuO(7) units. The methylenediphosphonate anions bridge between these units to yield three-dimensional networks. Bond-valence parameters of R(o) = 2.068 and b = 0.385 have been derived for Pu(4+) using a combination of the data reported in this work with that available in crystallographic databases. UV-vis-NIR spectroscopic measurements demonstrate that despite the dramatic color differences all of the compounds contain Pu(4+), and that subtle changes in the visible region of the spectra account for different colors.

A variety of transuranium phosphonates have now been prepared and structurally characterized allowing for comparisons to be made with other metal ions that have been proposed to be surrogates for transuranics (e.g., Zr4+, Ce4+, Th4+, and U4+). The phosphonates that will be discussed in this work include Np(CH3PO3)(CH3PO3H)(NO3)(H2O)·H2O, Pu(CH3PO3)2, M[CH2(PO3)2](H2O)n (M=Ce, Th, U, Np, Pu; n = 0 − 2), and UO2An(H2O)2[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]2 (An = Th, Np, Pu). Through the examination of these structures, rare coordination geometries for actinides have been uncovered. Simple periodic trends based solely on ionic radii are absent. However, there are examples where surrogate elements adopt the same composition and structure as transuranics, such as Pu(CH3PO3)2 versus Zr(CH3PO3)2.

Three binuclear copper(II) complexes were characterized as solids by X-ray diffraction and in solution by UV/vis spectrophotometric titration, and subsequently evaluated for their glycosidase-like activity. The structure analysis revealed comparable intermetallic Cu...Cu distances (approximately 3.5 A) for the complexes 2 and 3. Despite this similarity, the composition of the complexes differs significantly in aqueous solution as revealed by spectrophotometric titrations. The hydrolysis of selected nitrophenylglycopyranosides is up to 11,000-fold accelerated over background in the presence of the copper(II) complexes in 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS) buffer at pH 10.5 and 30 degrees C.

Reported are four iron(II) complexes with N-benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LH) and three electronically modified derivatives: N-(4-methoxy)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LOMe), N-(4-chloro)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LCl), and N-(4-nitro)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine ( L NO 2 ). The four ligands react with FeCl2 to form a series of mononuclear species with the general formula [Fe(LR)Cl2]. The cis-α conformation of the ligand places the amine N-donors trans to the Fe–Cl bonds. The identity of the 4-benzyl substituent has profound influences on the lengths of the iron-ligand bonds, the optical spectra, and the redox activities of the [Fe(LR)Cl2] compounds.

In order to assess the changes in the redox activity of a metal ion that result from inductive effects, three electronically modified derivatives of the ligand, N-benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LH), have been prepared: N-(4-nitro)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LNO2), N-(4-chloro)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LCl), and N-(4-methoxy)benzyl-N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (LOMe). Due to the lack of a fully conjugated π-system between the 4-benzyl substituent and the N-donors, the electronic perturbation should influence a bound metal ion’s redox properties through primarily inductive pathways. The organic ligands react with MnCl2 to form mononuclear complexes with the general formula [Mn(LR)Cl2]. The parent ligand, LH, and its three derivatives each coordinate Mn(II) ions in a cis-α conformation, with the amine N-donors installed trans to the Mn–Cl bonds. Despite its distance from the metal ion, the electron-donating or – withdrawing group has a notable impact on both the metrical parameters of the Mn(II) compounds and the Mn(III/II) reduction potential. A single inductive perturbation can vary the reduction potential by as much as 50 mV.

A polar Cu(II) uranyl diphosphonate, Cu(H2O)4(UO2)3(H2O)2[CH2(PO3)2]2·5H2O, has been prepared under mild hydrothermal conditions. This compound has direct linkages between the oxo atoms of the uranyl moieties and the Cu(II) centers. Despite the presence of Cu(II) in the structure, vibronically-coupled emission is still observed, most likely because there are two crystallographically unique uranyl moieties, only one of which bonds to Cu(II).

A variety of transuranium phosphonates have now been prepared and structurally characterized allowing for comparisons to be made with other metal ions that have been proposed to be surrogates for transuranics (e.g., Zr4+, Ce4+, Th4+, and U4+). The phosphonates that will be discussed in this work include Np(CH3PO3)(CH3PO3H)(NO3)(H2O)·H2O, Pu(CH3PO3)2, M[CH2(PO3)2](H2O)n (M=Ce, Th, U, Np, Pu; n = 0 − 2), and UO2An(H2O)2[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]2 (An = Th, Np, Pu). Through the examination of these structures, rare coordination geometries for actinides have been uncovered. Simple periodic trends based solely on ionic radii are absent. However, there are examples where surrogate elements adopt the same composition and structure as transuranics, such as Pu(CH3PO3)2 versus Zr(CH3PO3)2.

The hydrothermal reactions of both PuO(2)(2+) and PuO(2) with phosphonates results in the formation of Pu(IV) phosphonates. Pu(CH(3)PO(3))(2), Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O), and UO(2)Pu(H(2)O)(2)[CH(2)(PO(3))(PO(3)H)](2) have been isolated from these reactions and structurally characterized. Pu(CH(3)PO(3))(2) contains six-coordinate Pu(IV) and adopts a structure closely related to that of alpha-Zr(HPO(4))(2). Pu[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O) forms a novel three-dimensional network with seven-coordinate Pu(IV) and chelating/bridging [CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](4-) anions. The heterobimetallic U(VI)/Pu(IV) diphosphonate, UO(2)Pu(H(2)O)(2)[CH(2)(PO(3))(PO(3)H)](2), also forms a three-dimensional network. To complete the An[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O)(n) (An = Th, U, Np, Pu; n = 1, 2) and UO(2)An(H(2)O)(2)[CH(2)(PO(3))(PO(3)H)](2) series, Th[CH(2)(PO(3))(2)](H(2)O)(2) and UO(2)Th(H(2)O)(2)[CH(2)(PO(3))(PO(3)H)](2) have also been prepared. These compounds are isostructural with their Np(IV) analogues.

The activity elimination half-life of heat-treated antithrombin III (AT III) concentrate was studied in 5 healthy pregnant and 5 preeclamptic women with a documented AT III deficiency. Healthy pregnant women received 1500 units over 20 minutes. Serial blood specimen; were obtained over the next 12 hours. The mean (± SEM) activity elimination half-life of AT III was 29.4h ± 3.4h. Preeclamptic subjects had a mean baseline AT III activity of 70.5 ± 2% (range 61 to 75%). Their activity eliminatior half-life after 3000 units of AT III concentrate was 8.5 ± 1.2h. There was a direct relationship between the pre-concentrate AT III activity level and the AT III activity elimination half-life (r = 0.79, p = 0.01) for all subjects. Based upon parameters calculated from the first infusion, the AT III activity of preeclamptic subjects was maintained by a constant infusion at approximately 100% for 96h. At the conclusion of the infusion, the activity elimination half-life was again measured. A dramatic increase in the activity elimination half-life was demonstrated (433.6h). We conclude that the activity elimination half-life of AT III concentrate is increased during normal pregnancy and further increased in preeclamptic women with an acquired deficiency.

A lamellar neptunium(IV) methylphosphonate, Np(CH3PO3)(CH3PO3H)(NO3)(H2O)·H2O, has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions via the in situ reduction of NpVI to NpIV. The single crystal structure of this compound shows polar layers that are joined to one another via a hydrogen-bonding network involving interlayer water molecules. Magnetic susceptibility measurements demonstrate that the NpIV ions are magnetically isolated from one another.

In Madrid Region 6652 AIDS cases were diagnosed between 1982 and 1993. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was present in 166 (2.49%). VL frequency among injecting drug users proved higher than that for the other transmission categories (relative risk 2.57; 95% confidence interval 1.64–4.01). This could point to an alternative Leishmania transmission route via needle sharing.

The expression of tubulin polypeptides in animal cells is controlled by an autoregulatory mechanism whereby increases in the tubulin subunit concentration result in rapid and specific degradation of tubulin mRNAs. We have now determined that the sequences that are necessary and sufficient to specify mouse beta-tubulin mRNAs as substrates for this autoregulated instability reside within the first 13 translated nucleotides (which encode the first four beta-tubulin amino acids Met-Arg-Glu-Ile). This domain has been functionally conserved throughout evolution, inasmuch as sequences isolated from the analogous region of human, chicken, and yeast beta-tubulin mRNAs also confer autoregulation. Further, for an RNA to be a substrate for regulation, not only must it carry the 13-nucleotide coding sequence, but it must also be ribosome bound and its translation must proceed 3' to codon 41.

Antibody inhibition studies were done to determine which molecules on the surface of the T cell hybridomas other than their receptors for antigen plus IAd were involved in interaction with antigen-presenting B cells, with artificial IAd membranes on glass beads, or with anti-receptor antibodies coupled to Sepharose beads. We found that T cell LFA-1 was only involved when B cells were used to present antigen plus IAd, whereas T cell L3T4 was involved in the response of T cells to antigen plus IAd either on cells or in artificial membranes, but not if anti-receptor antibodies were used to stimulate the T cells. From these results we concluded that LFA-1 may be involved in the recognition of a ligand on cells that was not present in artificial membranes, but that L3T4 might interact with a nonpolymorphic portion of class II molecules present in both intact antigen-presenting cells and the antigen-presenting artificial membranes.

The isomeric composition of biliverdin formed by the degradation of heme by purified NADPH-cytochrome c reductase has been determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Methemalbumin heme yields a mixture of the four biliverdin IX isomers while myoglobin yields only the IX-α isomer of biliverdin. In both cases biliverdin is a minor product of the reaction. Addition of purified heme oxygenase to the methemalbumin NADPH-cytochrome c reductase system confers α-selectivity on the reaction and allows stoichiometric conversion of heme to biliverdin. Thus the role of heme oxygenase in enzymatic heme degradation appears to be to provide a suitable environment for quantitative conversion of heme to biliverdin in addition to conferring α-selectivity on the reaction.

The evolutionary pathways of core-collapse supernova progenitors at the low-mass end of the spectrum are beset with major uncertainties. In recent years, a variety of evolutionary channels has been discovered in addition to the classical electron capture supernova channel of super-AGB stars. The few available progenitor models at the low-mass end have been studied with great success in supernova simulations as the peculiar density structure makes for robust neutrino-driven explosions in this mass range. Detailed nucleosynthesis calculations have been conducted both for models of electron capture supernovae and low-mass iron core supernovae and revealed an interesting production of the lighter trans-iron elements (such as Zn, Sr, Y, Zr) as well as rare isotopes like Ca-48 and Fe-60. We stress the need to explore the low-mass end of the supernova spectrum further and link various observables to understand the diversity of explosions in this regime., 7 page, 3 figures, proceedings of the conference "The AGB-Supernova Mass Transition", to appear in Memorie della Societ\`a Astronomica Italiana

To determine the fate of anti-DNA antibody-bearing B cells in normal mice, we generated transgenic mice bearing the heavy (H) and light (L) chain genes of a well-characterized anti-double-stranded DNA antibody. This antibody was originally isolated from a diseased MRL/lpr mouse and has characteristics common to spontaneously arising anti-DNA antibodies. Results show that the H/L transgene (tg) immunoglobulin receptor is not expressed by animals bearing both tgs, although single tg animals (H or L) express their transgenes. Young H/L tg animals express few B cells, whereas adult H/L tg animals maintain almost normal B cell numbers. Analysis of the immunoglobulin receptors used by adult B cells shows that all contain the tg H chain in association with endogenous L chains. These B cells transcribe the L tg as well as the rearranged endogenous L chain gene, and loss of endogenous L chain gene transcription results in resurrection of the 3H9 H/L tg product. Examination of the endogenous L chains used by these cells shows that they represent a highly restricted subset of V genes. Taken together, these data suggest that autoreactive transgenic B cells can rearrange endogenous L chain genes to alter surface receptors. Those L chains that compete successfully with the L tg for H chain binding, and that create a nonautoreactive receptor, allow the B cell to escape deletion. We suggest that this receptor editing is a mechanism used by immature autoreactive B cells to escape tolerance.