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Through the development and implementation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the characteristics of PrEP users have been configured in a range of ways. Drawing on the concept of 'imaginaries', we consider how clinicians imagine PrEP users and related communities. We conducted 28 semi-structured interviews in 2019-2020 with PrEP-providing clinicians based in New South Wales and Western Australia. Participants included general practitioners, sexual health nurses and sexual health doctors. We inductively developed three themes through a reflexive thematic analysis: 'PrEP users as 99% gay men/MSM', 'The informed and connected PrEP user', and 'Condom users in the PrEP era'. Participants imagined PrEP users primarily as gay men, and so we focused on how gay community was imagined in relation to PrEP users. Users were imagined as supporting one another to use PrEP effectively, but some were imagined as threatening norms of condom use amongst gay community. Analysing clinician imaginaries of PrEP users reveals insight into how clinicians speculate about and engage with changing community norms related to condom use and accessing PrEP. These imaginaries reveal ongoing tensions about who is believed to be best suited to PrEP, and PrEP's impact on norms of conduct in imagined biosocial communities like gay men.

This study was conducted using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore and understand psychosocial issues of the gay community living in the Pakistani cultural context. Six adult gay me...

The study aims to know how social community on gay’s life through the novel of Simon vs the Homo sapiens agenda written by Becky Albertalli. The title of this research is “ The Analysis of Main Character on Confessions of A Shopaholic Novel through Freudian Theory written by Sophie Kinsella”. Confessions of A Shopaholic novel is tells about a women named Rebecca Bloomwood who has bad behavior that are shopping addiction to fulfill her desire but she gets anxiety because of her debts and it disturbs her psychological. This research will focuses on Rebecca’s anxiety.The data are taken from the novel in the form of dialog and monolog. The writer using psychoanalysis theory from Sigmund Freud that related with anxiety theory. Sigmund Freud theory has 3 kinds of anxiety, there are realistic anxiety, neurotic anxiety and moral anxiety. This theory is used to analyze the cause and effect of Rebecca Bloomwood’s anxiety.Last, the writer found the proved from Rebecca experiences three kinds of anxiety. First is neurotic anxiety caused by her mom character and it might be related to Rebecca childhood, Rebecca can’t to be honest to her mom about the cost of her skirt or clothes, she always tells if they are cheap because she knows her mom will shocked and angry if she now the truth, that can related if Rebecca can’t fulfill her desire when she was child because of her mom character. Second is realistic anxiety caused by her bad habit in shopping, that makes Rebecca has a lot of debts and that makes she becomes panic everytime met her debt collector. And the last moral anxiety caused by she felt guilty of her shopping behavior. And she becomes a liar to defense herself

Scholarship on the place of the HIV/AIDS crisis in urban geographies of sexual minority activism has powerfully insisted on the importance of community organising as a response to state and societal failures and to their homophobic, AIDS phobic and morally conservative underpinnings. This paper extends this scholarship by examining the urban social geographies of exclusion produced by such community organising efforts. It draws on the perspectives of long-term survivors of HIV/AIDS (LTS) in Vancouver to highlight the differentiated care geographies of HIV/AIDS that resulted from the racialised, classed and gendered politics and urban imaginations enacted by gay and allied HIV/AIDS organising. Though LTS networks, spaces and politics of care and community were more extended than Vancouver’s gay community during the 1980s and 1990s, the centring of the West End gay village in many community-led responses to HIV/AIDS resulted in LTS geographies outside the West End being excluded from important systems of care and community. LTS narratives of the city at the time of the ‘gay disease’ thus tell an urban politics of sexual and health activisms as shaped not only by processes of heteronormativity and homophobia but also of racially, colonially and class-inflected homonormative urban imaginaries.

Dating between Deaf gay men who are American Sign Language (ASL) users and hearing gay men who use spoken language has historically been a challenge, creating a binary in Deaf-hearing relationships. The dating game has been revolutionized by the creation of geo-social networking (GSN) apps, where people communicate through the medium of written English and digital photographs. Furthermore, GSN apps have created a network for meeting other men who identify as Deaf and gay, as well as revealing the existence of a sexual fetish for Deaf partners. The main research question driving this investigation is: What are the impacts of gay GSN apps upon the dating and mating rituals of Deaf gay men in the United States? Using Grounded Theory Methodology, findings indicate that GSN apps have lifted previously-encountered communication barriers between Deaf and hearing men, creating a causeway for communication that gives rise to increased comfort, but leads to an increase in rejection based on being Deaf.

The increasing visibility of homosexuality in society, combined with the lesbian and gay community's considerable buying power, has triggered marketers and researchers' interest in understanding homosexual consumers' consumption patterns. Prior research on whether homosexual consumers behave differently from heterosexual consumers has yielded mixed results, and researchers and practitioners still do not know whether any substantial differences exist, what these differences look like, and how they can be explained. The findings from a meta-analysis reveal that sexual orientation explains on average

This paper examines the development of social scripts and their acceptance as a norm using the case of fatherhood through surrogacy in the gay community in Israel. Gay fatherhood became normalized ...

En este artículo se expone una revisión analítica actual de las vitales contribuciones, en especial latinoamericanas y de otros países, en la construcción teórica-investigativa del espacio urbano, con perspectiva de género, específicamente homosexual. Con la finalidad de evidenciar cómo la comunidad gay y hombres habitan interconectadamente espacios y donde producen significados de formas diversas dentro de la ciudad. Y de esta manera contribuir en la comprensión de las formas adyacentes en la conformación de espacios para las prácticas emancipatorias en lo urbano y social, ya que las dinámicas homosexuales y el espacio público, son uno de los componentes sustanciales de la ciudad. Para tal objetivo se llevó a cabo la exploración de libros, artículos científicos e investigaciones a partir de la década de los noventa hasta la actualidad. Donde se logró identificar concepciones teóricas, ejes temáticos, así como problemáticas particulares encontradas en los distintos ámbitos de la investigación. De igual manera, se expresan desafíos pendientes en cuanto al desarrollo de las manifestaciones espaciales de la homosexualidad.

Background Sexual minority men remain highly impacted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with social stress being a clear predictor of their risk for infection. The past several decades of stress research regarding sexual minority men’s HIV-risk behaviors has almost exclusively focused on the influence of stress emanating from outside the gay community (e.g., stigma-related stress, or minority stress, such as heterosexist discrimination). However, recent evidence suggests that sexual minority men also face stress from within their own communities. Purpose We sought to examine whether stress from within the gay community, or intraminority gay community stress, might influence sexual minority men’s risk behaviors, including HIV-risk behaviors, over-and-above more commonly examined stressors affecting this risk. Methods We tested whether intraminority gay community stress was associated with sexual minority men’s HIV-risk behaviors in a large national survey of sexual minority men (Study 1), and experimentally tested intraminority gay community stress’s impact on behavioral risk-taking and attitudes toward condom use (Study 2). Results Self-reported exposure to intraminority gay community stress was positively associated with HIV-risk behaviors when accounting for the effects of several commonly examined minority stressors and general life stress (Study 1). Participants who were rejected from an online group of other sexual minority men evidenced greater risk-taking in a subsequent task and reported fewer benefits of condom use than participants who were accepted by the online group, when accounting for state affect (Study 2). Conclusions Sexual minority men’s experiences of stress and rejection stemming from their own community may be an important and overlooked predictor of HIV infection and transmission.

The gay community has generally been stereotyped and excluded from spaces in our society. This is reflected in political or commercial advertising campaigns, with those that have been inclusive being very scarce at a global level. With the aim of analyzing the mechanisms in the current dynamics of advertising campaigns, the present case study makes a literature review and a reflection on this social fact, addressing the feasibility and need to give voice to this community, making a critical analysis of the importance of being inclusive in today's society, suggesting a proposal based on Gross (2001) model applied in advertising campaigns for the gay community in Mexico, and Moreno (2006), that could lead to a huge potential for both Mexican companies and advertising agencies to address this community, not only as a market element, but also as an element of social justice. The results suggest that the existing gap in advertising is evident both in Mexico and Latin American context and including these communities seems to be relevant for both its economies and societies.

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is one of only two global regions where rates of HIV are currently on the rise. In Lebanon, new HIV infections are increasing most rapidly among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). While, the majority of YMSM in Lebanon report having recently engaged in condomless anal intercourse, many report reluctance to seek HIV prevention services for fear of stigma and discrimination. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective alternative HIV prevention strategy but there is a dearth of research looking at willingness to take PrEP among YMSM in MENA. This study is the first to delineate factors associated with willingness to take PrEP among a cohort of 218 YMSM recruited from Beirut, Lebanon. Over half (55.5%) reported willingness to take PrEP. At the bivariate level, knowledge of HIV risk, awareness of PrEP, being in a relationship, greater judgementalism about sex in communication with peers, greater number of types of gay-related discrimination experienced, sense of community among YMSM, having had recent condomless anal sex with positive or unknown status partner, and the use of substances just prior to or during sex were each associated with greater willingness to take PrEP. When entered into a linear regression analysis, use of substances just prior to or during sex and sense of community among YMSM remained significant predictors of PrEP willingness. Intervention efforts focused on increasing PrEP uptake among YMSM in MENA should consider the influence substance use and social factors on willingness to take PrEP.

Social stressors stemming from within the gay community might render gay and bisexual men vulnerable to mental health problems. The 20-item intraminority Gay Community Stress Scale (GCSS) is a reliable measure of gay community stress, but the scale’s length limits its widespread use in sexual minority mental health research. Using three independent samples of gay and bisexual men, the present research developed two abbreviated versions of the GCSS using nonparametric item response modeling and validated them. Results indicated that eight items provided maximal information about the gay community stress construct; these items were selected to form the eight-item GCSS. The eight-item GCSS reproduced the factor structure of the parent scale, and gay community stress scores obtained from it correlated with other identity-specific social stress constructs and mental health symptoms. Associations between gay community stress and mental health symptoms remained significant even after controlling for related identity-specific stressors, general life stress, and relevant demographics. A four-item version was also developed and assessed, showing good structural, convergent, criterion, and incremental validity and adequate reliability. The eight- and four-item versions of the GCSS offer efficient measures of gay community stress, an increasingly recognized source of stress for gay and bisexual men.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that causes Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) by attacking white blood cells, namely CD4 cells (Cluster of Differentiation 4) that can damage the human immune system. Without the immune system, a person is easily attacked by various diseases. The number of HIV / AIDS sufferers according to data from the Tikala Baru Health Center VCT in 2018 totaled 62 people. The aim of this study is to identify HIV in the Gay Community in the Marina Plaza Area of ​​Manado City. The method used in this study is the Immunocromatography Test using One Step Anti-HIV. Sampling was carried out in the Marina Plaza Area and immediately examined at the sampling location. The population in this study is the entire Gay Community in the Marina Plaza Area of ​​Manado City with a total population sampling method. This type of research is descriptive, research results are presented in tabular form and narrated.Based on research conducted, it can be concluded that, of the 85 respondents examined there were 1 positive respondent and 84 negative respondents. It is recommended for members of the gay community who are infected with HIV to take ARV (Anti Retroviral) drugs regularly. For gay community members who have not been infected with HIV in order to prevent transmission by using a condom during sex or leaving deviant sexual behavior.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap berbahasa yang digunakan oleh komunitas gay (kaum homoseksual) sebagai informasi untuk orang tua dalam menjaga pergaulan anak dan remaja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif, yaitu metode yang melukiskan suatu keadaan objektif atau peristiwa tertentu berdasarkan faktafakta yang tampak. Hasil yang ditunjukkan penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan perkembangannya, bahasa komunitas gay yang sebenarnya diadaptasi dari bahasa gaul kreasi Debby Sahertian (1999) yang sudah mengalami beberapa inovasi dalam kosakata. Ada beberapa ketentuan dalam sikap berbahasa yang diutarakan oleh responden tentang struktur bahasa seperti pada kata makarena, makasar, cucok, rempong, ember, dll. yang digunakan oleh komunitas gay dalam berbahasa. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan penyebaran angket, dapat diketahui bahwa sebagian besar kaum gay tidak berani menunjukkan penggunaan bahasanya di depan masyarakat umum, kecuali saat mereka sedang bersama dengan sesama komunitasnya. Di Indonesia sendiri, gay dianggap sebagai sebuah perkembangan yang negatif. Oleh karena itu, dalam menjaga agar tidak terjerumus dalam komunitas ini, maka orang tua menjadi sosok penting dalam menjaga pergaulan anak dan remaja. Jika perilaku gay dapat diidentifikasi melalui penggunaan bahasanya, orangtua dapat mengecek kegiatan anaknya dalam berkomunikasi, apakah memiliki keanehan atau masih pada taraf bahasa yang normal dan biasa digunakan oleh masyarakat umum.

This study investigated psychosocial and demographic variables that might influence internalized homonegativity (IH) in midlife and older gay and bisexual men (GBM). Data were collected from 802 community-dwelling GBM aged 40 to 94 years ( M = 54.8) through an anonymous questionnaire that assessed levels of IH, coping self-efficacy, self-silencing, and other characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression analysis successfully explained 22% of the variance in predicting IH, which was significantly related to coping self-efficacy, self-silencing, gay community volunteering, partnership status, and race, F = 59.74, p < .001. IH scores were highest in participants who were single, had lower education levels, were non-White, were less involved in gay community volunteering, experienced less coping self-efficacy, and reported higher levels of self-silencing behaviors. These data underscore the need for more tailored programming approaches for midlife and older GBM, focusing on underlying factors contributing to IH that include skill-building to increase coping self-efficacy, community involvement, and decrease self-silencing behaviors in this overlooked population.

In 1994 Elizabeth Stuart addressed the situation of the lesbian and gay community with regard to its relationship with Church, Community and with Feminism. Since writing the 1994 paper she has engaged in more reflection on the nature of desire in the light of the tragedy of human relating. If desire cannot have its telos, its fulfilment in human relating which is fragile and mortal and yet can enable us temporarily to create room in ourselves for others, then it must point beyond itself and have its end beyond us in God.

Men who have sex with men and women (MSMW), including those who are Black, experience HIV-related disparities compared to men who have sex with men only (MSMO). Few studies have assessed the prevalence and correlates of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and use among Black MSMW. We recruited MSM ≥ 18 attending Black Gay Pride events between 2014–2017. We conducted multivariable logistic regressions to assess differences in PrEP awareness and use among HIV-negative Black MSM (n = 2398) and within Black MSMW (n = 419). MSMW were less likely than MSMO to report PrEP awareness (p

Esta pesquisa tem como apoio o arcabouco teorico-metodologico da Linguistica de Corpus e da Fraseologia, area da Linguistica voltada para combinacoes lexicais recorrentes, uma vez que focamos a investigacao das unidades fraseologicas, mais especificamente das colocacoes frequentemente empregadas pela comunidade homossexual. Tais colocacoes foram extraidas de um corpus paralelo formado pelas transcricoes dos episodios das cinco temporadas do seriado Queer as Folk e um corpus comparavel, composto de um subcorpus em ingles e um subcorpus portugues para atestar as palavras mais frequentemente empregadas pela comunidade homossexual. Para realizar o levantamento dessas colocacoes, utilizamos o programa WordSmith Tools (Scott, 2012), versao 4.0. A partir do levantamento e da analise das colocacoes mais frequentemente empregadas pela comunidade homossexual em ingles e suas respectivas colocacoes em portugues, elaboramos uma proposta de um glossario de colocacoes de gay language baseado em corpus . Para sua elaboracao, adotamos a metodologia proposta por Orenha-Ottaiano (2004, 2016), que trata da compilacao de obras fraseograficas, mais especificamente de colocacoes, baseadas em corpus . A fim de verificar a frequencia de todas as colocacoes de nosso estudo, utilizamos a ferramenta Sketch Engine (KILGARRIFF et al, 2004). A compilacao de um glossario de colocacoes da comunidade homossexual justifica-se pelo fato de nao haver uma obra que foque tais combinatorias na referida area. Alem disso, tradutores aprendizes e profissionais terao uma obra para consulta no processo tradutorio de tais colocacoes. Palavras-Chave : Linguistica de Corpu s. Fraseologia. Colocacoes. Gay language . ABSTRACT This research is supported by the theoretical-methodological framework of Corpus Linguistics, as well as in the literature on phraseological, area of Linguistics focused on recurrent lexical combinations, the investigation of the phraseological units, more specifically of the collocations often employed by the homosexual community. Such collocations were extracted from a parallel corpus formed by the transcriptions of the episodes of the five seasons of the series Queer as Folk and a comparable corpus, composed of an english subcorpus and a portuguese subcorpus to attest to the words most frequently used by the homosexual community. To collect the data, we used the program WordSmith Tools (SCOTT, 2012), version 4.0 Based on the data collected and analysis of the most frequently used collocations by the homosexual community in English and their correspondent Portuguese collocations, we elaborated a proposal for a corpus-based glossary of gay language collocations. For its compilation, we adopted the methodology proposed by Orenha-Ottaiano (2004, 2016), that deals with the compilation of corpus-based phraseological works, more specifically of collocations. In order to verify the frequency of all the collocations of our study, we used the Sketch Engine tool (KILGARRIFF et al , 2004). The compilation of a glossary of collocations of the homosexual community is justified by the fact that there is no work that focuses on such combinations in that area. In addition, learner and professional translators will have a work for consultation in the translation process of such collocations. Keywords : Corpus Linguistics. Phraseology. Collocations. Gay Community.

Self-identity is a unified thing with someone's self-concept. The experience that is owned by someone is personal knowledge from experiencing and having various moments and references. The advancement of information technology in the Industry 4.0 era is now facing 5.0, opening up the opportunity to youths especially generation Z (Gen Z) who much more cares about freedom, having high self-confidence, and capability to quickly adopt various applications across internet media outlets. Nevertheless, they lack eagerness to dig deeper into something. Those factors have influenced the development of their self-concept through internet media. Grindr has known as an online gay-dating application, where a homosexual male exposes himself to what he wants to be seen by other users. This article focused on the review and describe how the self-concept development process of gen Z in using the application. Analyze the research using Mead's symbolic interactionism theory, furthermore to find out what factors that influence self-concept development of the application active users in their daily life. This research using virtual ethnography to four homosexual men in the age of 16-23. The results indicated that through the online application, a homosexual male is capable to develop his self-concept that wants to be seen on that medium. Moreover, the close read of data also uncovered at least ten types of aforesaid application users based on the self-concept that they form To cite this article (7 th APA style): Pranata, R. H. and Putri, D. M. (2020). Mind, Self, and Society in the Online Gay Community: Study on Grindr Apps. Journal Communication Spectrum: Capturing New Perspectives in Communication, 10 (1), 68-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36782/jcs.v10i1.2007

In this chapter, the history, science and epidemiology of HIV are discussed beginning with an overview of the origins of HIV, how it came to affect so many people and communities, and how it was navigated by both the gay community and national governments. Institutional responses to HIV and the need for high-level integrated policy development are outlined. Moreover, the role of the gay community and its activism, which was central to ensuring an appropriate response to the emerging epidemic, are examined. We discuss the crucial role of the mass media in shaping public understanding of HIV and attitudes towards the gay community and the impact of the UK’s response to the epidemic on its subsequent development over four decades.

The ethics of safe sex in the gay community has, for many years, been focused on debates surrounding the responsibility (or lack thereof) regarding the use of condoms to prevent HIV transmission, once the only tool available. With the development of Truvada as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV, for the first time in the history of the HIV/AIDS epidemic there is the potential to significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission during sex without the use of condoms (without taking into consideration ‘treatment as prevention’ with HIV-positive people). The introduction of PrEP necessitates a renewed discussion about the politics and ethics of safe sex for men who have sex with men (MSM). We present the arguments of authors who hold radically opposite positions with regard to the ethics of condom use by gay men, but who currently both criticize the use of PrEP. We offer a critique of their arguments and advance the position that the use of PrEP, even without condoms, can be acceptable and part of a safe sex ethics framework for MSM.

The present research was aimed at developing a measure of economic myths regarding the gay community. Using undergraduate (N = 332) and Amazon Mechanical Turk (N = 212) samples, Study 1 resulted in a 6-item unidimensional and reliable measure, the Economic Myths Regarding Gays Scale (EMGS), that was minimally related to other measures of sexual orientation attitudes. Study 2 (N = 210 undergraduates) found that endorsement of economic myths was associated with system justification beliefs that economic inequalities were natural and due to individual merit; however, general attitudes toward gays showed no such relationships. Study 3 (N = 85 undergraduates) found that unlike general stereotyping, economic myth endorsement increased in response to induced economic threat from the gay community. Collectively, the present research suggests that the EMGS is largely distinct from other measures of attitudes and stereotyping and can potentially widen research regarding sexual orientation.

This article revisits the unpublished letters of In the Life editor and black gay community organizer Joseph Beam. The seven-year correspondence between Beam and his prisoner penpal Kenyatta Ombaka...

Background Gay and bisexual men (GBM) use illicit drugs at higher rates than most other population groups and their use has been associated with sexual risk behavior. The measure of sexual sensation-seeking has been a useful tool for understanding sexual risk behavior in this population, but there is no equivalent measure for sensation-seeking in relation to drug-using behaviors. Objective This paper explores baseline associations with illicit drug use in an online prospective observational study of licit and illicit drug use among GBM. We describe the development of a measure of drug-use sensation-seeking, and its association with illicit drug use. Methods Australian GBM were invited to enroll online through social networking and gay community sites. Between September 2014 and July 2015, a total of 2251 GBM completed the questionnaire and 1900 men provided useable baseline data on items designed to measure drug use sensation-seeking. Results Mean age was 32.8 years (SD 12.7). Half (50.7%) had used illicit drugs within the previous six months. Among these 963 recent users, 27.3% had used illicit drugs weekly or more often. Responses to items to measure drug use sensation-seeking formed a reliable scale (α=0.944). Within the total sample, any illicit drug use within the previous six months was associated with a higher score on the measure of drug use sensation-seeking (aOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.16–1.20). When we restricted our analyses to men who reported recent illicit drug use, it was also associated with using those drugs at least weekly in the previous six months (aOR=1.09; 95%CI=1.07–1.11). Conclusion We developed a reliable measure of drug use sensation-seeking for this sample of GBM. Our measure predicted any use of illicit drugs within the total sample, and when restricted to men who reported illicit drug use, it also predicted more frequent use of those drugs.

Analyzing the logic by which the Boston-based, national newspaper, the Gay Community News (GCN), intervened in mid-1980s battles over abortion and foster-parenting, this case study confirms and com...

Young gay men in Beirut are at significantly elevated risk of HIV infection compared with the general Lebanese population. Despite nascent HIV prevention efforts in the region, there is a need for effective community-level HIV prevention interventions tailored for young gay men. This qualitative study examined internal dynamics within Beirut's gay community as a basis for developing community-level interventions. Peer ethnographers were trained to collect field notes on conversations between young gay men in public spaces in Beirut, and conducted follow-up focus groups with young gay men. Analyses revealed three major themes: (1) the need for safe spaces in which to socialise, (2) the importance of being able to locate and connect with other young gay men, and (3) ambivalence regarding a gay community that was supportive in some ways but also fragmented and often judgemental. Study findings also confirm the existence of external threats to community such as stigma, cultural and familial norms regarding heterosexuality and criminalisation of refugee status. Understanding such community dynamics and the environmental context is central to designing effective community-based HIV prevention programmes.

In this paper, we conduct an experiment to determine the characteristics of individuals who are more likely to donate to a gay charity. After filling out a questionnaire that includes information on gender, ethnicity, and religiosity, as well as other factors, Israeli undergraduate students are asked to choose two out of four options: participation in a lottery, donation to a gay charity, donation to a religious charity, and donation to an education-focused charity. Our most robust findings are that females and the less religiously observant are more likely to donate to the gay charity.

This article investigates how Swedish gay men pursue and understand fatherhood, using a qualitative, semi-structured methodological approach. We are interested in how practical issues and different fatherhood arrangements are understood and handled by the fathers; how the construction of “rainbow families” is understood in relation to legal issues; parental responsibilities; and thoughts regarding gender-equal and gender-neutral relationships within Swedish society and culture. The results show that the trajectory of gay men toward fatherhood is shaped by a variety of mediating factors such as interactions with agencies, clinics, attorneys, and the state. There are some significant legal, social, financial, and cultural obstacles to realizing gay parenthood. There are also cases where study participants talked about a sense of intolerance expressed toward gay parents within a gay community. Although there are still strong normative dimensions involved in the construction of modern parenthood, the ...

Sylvia Rivera is a critical figure in queer and activist rhetorical history. At the Christopher Street Liberation Day Rally in 1973, Rivera engaged in parrhesia to push the movement to include and amplify the voices and needs of the most vulnerable members of the gay community: drag queens, homeless youth, gay inmates in prison and jail, and transgender people. Her delivery, including voice, gesture, and interaction with the audience, emphasizes the truthfulness, frankness, and criticism of her truth. By analyzing Rivera’s delivery of parrhesia, this article draws attention to the body’s role in speaking the truth as an activist rhetorical act.

Spot est une recherche-intervention qui a permis l’implantation d’un service de depistage rapide du VIH dans la communaute gaie montrealaise. Afin de decrire le processus d’implantation de Spot et les facteurs contextuels qui l’ont affecte, une etude de cas a ete menee. Les analyses qualitatives ont permis d’identifier un processus d’implantation en plusieurs phases, module par des facteurs lies aux motivations des acteurs a s’engager dans le projet, a la complexite des dynamiques partenariales, aux defis de la coordination en contexte de recherche-intervention multidisciplinaire et intersectorielle et a l’organisation de l’equipe terrain au quotidien. Spot is an intervention research project that led to the implementation of a community-based rapid HIV testing service in Montreal’s gay community. A case study was undertaken to describe the process through which Spot was implemented and the contextual factors that affected this process. Qualitative analysis allowed an implementation process comprised of several phases to be identified. These phases were shaped by stakeholders’ motivations to engage in the project; complex partnership dynamics; challenges with regards to coordinating a multidisciplinary, intersectoral, intervention research project; and the day-to-day management of the intervention team.

This article focuses on North American gay comics, especially the ‘gay ghetto’ sub-genre, and on the alternative gay comics that have been created in response to the genre’s conventions. Gay comics have received little scholarly attention and this article attempts to begin redressing this balance, as well as turning attention to the contrasts between different genres within the field of gay comics. Gay ghetto comics and cartoons construct a dominant gay habitus, representing the gay community as relatively stable and unified, while the alternative gay male comics discussed critique the dominant gay habitus and construct instead an alternative gay – or ‘queer’ – habitus. The article focuses on the work on Robert Kirby, an influential cartoonist and editor of gay comics anthologies, and particularly on his story ‘Private Club’, in order to explore some of the typical themes and concerns of alternative gay ghetto comics.

What are the non-monetary dimensions of selling sex? This article offers a cultural approach to the question of sexual labors, drawing on field observations and interviews in a community of gay men in Dakar, Senegal. Removing the notion of sexual labors from the stigmatized zone of “survival sex,” I explore the affective, extramonetary dimensions of sexual labors. The men in this study labor not simply to make money. Instead, I argue that against a highly gendered cultural backdrop, one where male admiration is often written synonymously with money and gift giving, gay men experience a validation of their self-worth and homoerotic attraction through sexual labors. The extent to which they derive recognition from sexual labors not only subverts the gendered heteronormative paradigm, but also is paradoxically conditioned by it. Beyond sexual labors, however, this article also engages a broader question—how do gay men forge a positive sense of self amidst a variety of oppressive forces? The answer is not only through sexual labors, but also through initiation into a gay identity and community, an ethos of generosity and solidarity, kinship ties, and an ethic of sexual discovery, each taking shape alongside these labors.

The author grew up in queer culture. Friends in the form of queer club performers started sneaking her into gay bars when she was fifteen. Once, in the gay bar, she was waiting in line for the women’s bathroom with several of her girlfriends and a girl gets in her face to say “What, because she in high heels she think she can use the women’s bathroom?” Under the dim lights and close quarters of a drag queen’s dressing room did she find paradise, and first learn about queer men and female pronouns. At the FIFE club of the Qmunity of Charlottesville, each officer went around the room saying their name, title, and pronouns. With female AND male pronouns on the author's nametag, she still only announced her preference as male. When did people allow societal evils like sexism to permeate the gay community? Internalized misogyny as it exists for gay men surfaces in femme bashing and femme exclusion.

Public stigma surrounding HIV is related to heightened emotional distress, poor psychological functioning, and reduced subjective well-being in people living with HIV. For men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, they may also face stigmatizing attitudes within the gay community, which create an additional burden to their health. Grounded in the psychological mediation framework, the present study examined the underlying psychological processes through which HIV stigma from the public and within the gay community influences the mental and social health of MSM living with HIV. Findings from 206 Chinese MSM living with HIV in Hong Kong indicated that negative self-concept, maladaptive coping, and peer isolation mediated the effect of HIV stigma on mental and social health. The study revealed the cognitive, regulatory, and interpersonal processes underlying HIV stigma and health. Feeling intense HIV stigma from the public and within the gay community may render MSM living with HIV more vulnerable to negative self-concept, maladaptive coping, and peer isolation, which contribute to poor mental and social health. To combat prejudice and discrimination against people living HIV, stigma reduction initiatives should be implemented not only in the public, but also in the gay community. Cognitive-behavioral interventions can also be used to restructure negative self-beliefs and build adaptive emotion regulation skills, which can improve stigma-related health outcomes among MSM living with HIV.

At the remove of 2019, it is hard for many to imagine the sense of apocalypse that was palpable throughout the gay community during the 1980s and much of the 1990s. My professional career was launched at the height of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic, and at the time, saving lives through librarianship was my mission. This Janet Doe Lecture presents my personal story of activism and advocacy as a lens through which to consider the larger story of activism around social justice issues for the Medical Library Association, by groups such as the Relevant Issues Section, now the Social Justice Section, and by the work of past Doe Lecturers Rachael K. Anderson, AHIP, FMLA, and Gerald Oppenheimer. It is also the story of an association that has at times been deeply conflicted about the role of such activism in our niche of librarianship. With anchors in poetry and prose, this is a story of hope through justice, conveying a message of the essentialness of our work as librarians and health information professionals to the mission of saving lives.

Background This study analysed trends in group sex among gay and bisexual men (GBM) and the factors associated with group sex. It is important to understand GBM who engage in group sex as they may be at risk of and require more intensive screening for sexually transmitted infections (STI). Methods The Gay Community Periodic Surveys are annual behavioural surveys of GBM. We analysed data collected from Melbourne and Sydney during 2013–2018. Participants were eligible if they were ≥16 years, male, and reported sex with men in the last 5 years. We calculated trends in group sex (sex involving at least two other men) in the last 6 months and used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with it. Results Among 31,341 GBM, the proportion engaging in group sex increased from 30.9% in 2013 to 36.8% in 2018 (ptrend Conclusion Group sex has become more common among GBM in Melbourne and Sydney over the last 6 years. While group sex is concentrated among PrEP users and HIV-positive GBM, there remains a large group of non-PrEP-users who engaged in group sex and would benefit from regular STI screening (and potentially the offer of PrEP). Disclosure No significant relationships.

Background Antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but concerns remain about its safety and feasibility of its implementation. We conducted an online survey to quantify current use of and interest in antibiotic prophylaxis among Australian gay and bisexual men. Methods From June to December 2018 our survey was promoted through gay community organisations and Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. The survey asked about demographics, sexual history, drug use, use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), history of STIs, use of antibiotic prophylaxis and attitudes towards antibiotic prophylaxis. We used logistic regression analyses to compare responses from respondents who had used antibiotic prophylaxis, respondents who had not used but were interested, and respondents who were not interested. Results A total of 517 survey responses were complete: 68 respondents (13%) had previously used antibiotics to prevent STIs and 323 (63%) expressed interest in using antibiotic prophylaxis. In univariate analyses, compared to respondents with no previous use and no interest, users of antibiotic prophylaxis were older (Mdn=43 years vs Mdn=34 years, p=0.018), had higher numbers of sexual partners (M=14 vs M=5, p=0.002), were more likely to report recent group sex (64.7% vs 42.1%, p=0.003), to be using HIV PrEP (66.2% vs 35.7%, p Conclusion A majority of respondents expressed interest in antibiotic prophylaxis and 13% had used antibiotic prophylaxis. Users of antibiotic prophylaxis reported more STI risk factors and had more bacterial STIs than non-users. However, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis was not independently associated with a higher risk of STI diagnosis. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Studies and theories on death-related stress and distress tend to focus on transactions within the core of the personal network of the individual threatened by more or less imminent death. Links between those three words—death, distress, and solidarity-are numerous and important. Solidarity is also made of less palpable references to others. Connections with and among a larger community give their focus to two other contributions. A character in one of the novels analyzed by Joseph J. Levy and Alexis Nouss compares the gay condition to the holocaust, the brutal destruction of an important proportion of the Jewish people. In traditional societies, the rites pertaining to sickness and death were formal, collective, and rather uniform. The intensity of the collective threat to the gay community gives rise to metaphors of extermination. A character in one of the novels analyzed by Levy and Nouss compares the gay condition to the holocaust, the brutal destruction of an important proportion of the Jewish people.

Identity can be categorised at both individual and group levels. It is possible to emphasise one’s individuality in some contexts and one’s group membership in others. The very existence of social groups creates the risk of prejudice. First, the term ‘homophobia’ is defined. Second, the causal mechanisms of prejudice are discussed through the lens of significant theories from social psychology. Third, key themes from social psychological research into anti-gay prejudice are outlined. Fourth, intergroup prejudice within the gay community is explored. In this chapter, it is argued that prejudice takes multiple forms, is pervasive, and must be challenged.

This chapter investigates how HIV-positive gay men dealt with others’ deaths both within and outside of the support networks and public commemorations that activists established. Most of the men who participated in this study composed their narratives to uphold public representations of community solidarity. They depicted themselves as part of a gay community that persevered despite the insurmountable losses they collectively faced. Ware explores narrators’ memories of attending Candlelight Vigils, the use of humour and nightclubs as outlets to cope with their prevailing grief, and the trauma of attending—or avoiding—countless funerals. The chapter offers a much-needed examination of both public and private grieving rituals and the impact of death on those who endured such losses.

Queer communities have historically gathered in cities, often accompanying a commonly held neighborhood change arc: through congregating in urban enclaves, these queer communities transform neighborhoods primarily through sweat equity and are then displaced by new residents and new development. These historically queer neighborhoods provide important narrative representation of often-invisible queer histories. Neighborhood change can threaten the preservation of these histories. To what extent do queer communities generate or respond to neighborhood change? By using multiple regression analysis and geographically weighted regression, this study explores the relationship between the distribution of gay and lesbian households and indicators of urban displacement in the City of New York. While indicators of urban displacement are predictive of the contemporary distribution of gay households, demographic data does not demonstrate an intertemporal relationship between the distribution of gay and lesbian households and indicators of displacement. This analysis suggests that in 21st Century New York, gay households are more concentrated in spaces marked by indicators of urban displacement but bear no significant relationship to ongoing neighborhood change.

This chapter explores how HIV and AIDS impacted gay men’s sex lives across the 1980s and 1990s. Ware offers a compelling examination of the rejection some HIV-positive gay men endured amidst concerns about an impending “antibody apartheid,” narrators’ decisions to abstain from sex after they were diagnosed with HIV, and their struggles to articulate such issues amidst existing understandings that the majority of gay men embraced safe sex. The chapter illuminates the tensions between gay community pressures to adopt safe sex and HIV-positive gay men’s lived experiences of having sex in the time of an epidemic.

At the beginning of 1982 an array of conflicting forces were working to shape the landscape of Europe's metropolitan radio services, and to alternatively control, commodify or liberate its gay communities. This paper examines the drivers, which inspired Gaywaves, a nascent weekly gay community radio programme broadcasting to an inner London audience on pirate station Our Radio from May 1982 until March 1983.

This chapter addresses important themes that are often overlooked in same-sex intimate relationships. The majority of the research participants enjoy support from family members and friends. Also, due to the prevalence of hate crimes in the country, many of the participants have multiple identities and exhibit the one that best fits into a social context at an appropriate point in time. This is one of their coping strategies because society is still coming to terms with same-sex relationships. Some of them also do not display their affections in public spaces or sometimes in the gay community. However, couples adopt effective communication and humour as conflict resolution mechanisms. Overall, this chapter discusses social support, coping strategies and conflict/conflict resolution mechanisms in interracial gay partnerships.

Background:Living alone is a risk factor for depressive symptoms among older adults, although it is unclear if it is a risk factor for older gay men. A sense of belonging to the gay community is protective and might compensate for living alone. This research investigated whether a sense of belonging with gay friends weakened the relationship between living alone and depressive symptoms among older gay men.Methods:A community sample of 160 Australian gay men aged 65–92 years completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and two visual analogue scales assessing a sense of belonging with gay friends.Results:Results supported the moderation model, with increasing levels of belonging with gay friends weakening the relationship between living alone and depressive symptoms.Conclusion:Results imply that enhancing a sense of belonging with gay friends among older gay men who live alone is likely to be a protective factor in relation to depressive symptoms.

Encouraging gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) to use condoms for anal sex has been a cornerstone of HIV prevention initiatives globally for several decades. In New Zealand, Get it On!!, a social marketing program, sought to influence gay and bisexual men to use a condom “every time” for anal sex. To assess the effectiveness of Get it On!, an integrated program evaluation approach including evaluation rubrics was utilized. Self-report data were collected from 960 men using an online survey and a paper-based survey administered at a large, gay community event. The men reported they were exposed to the campaign messages, understood them well, and engaged with the program. Importantly, the men reported Get it On! encouraged them to take action, including being more conscious about using a condom for sex. Get it On! performed well in regard to encouraging a culture accepting of condom use. Significantly, the evaluation found the greater the exposure to Get it On!, the more likely a man was to report using a condom for anal sex. Overall, the campaign is likely contributing to New Zealand’s relatively high rates of condom use and the low incidence of HIV infection among MSM. This strongly suggests the campaign should be continued and enhanced as a key HIV prevention strategy.